Peptide gene receptors signal. Medical search. Frequent questions

After an undergraduate in pharmacology at the University of Sheffield, Hay did a PhD in molecular pharmacology entitled 'Investigation of the calcitonin receptor-like receptor and receptor activity modifying proteins' at Imperial College London. (wikipedia.org)
Altered receptor-binding specificity of virus clade 2.3.4.4 H5 proteins might have contributed to emergence and spread of H5Nx viruses. (cdc.gov)
HA proteins bind to sialoside receptors on the host cell surface. (cdc.gov)
Although a recent study ( 22 ) reported enhanced avidity of H5N6 viruses for human-type receptors, recombinant clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic influenza A virus H5 proteins from virus isolates in North America show a strict avian receptor-binding preference ( 23 ). (cdc.gov)
This protein is an aminopeptidase, which is an enzyme that cuts (cleaves) other proteins into smaller fragments called peptides. (medlineplus.gov)
First, the protein cleaves several other proteins called cytokine receptors on the surface of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Second, endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 cleaves many types of proteins into small peptides that can be recognized by the immune system. (medlineplus.gov)
These peptides are exported to the cell surface, where they attach to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
MHC class I proteins display the peptides to the immune system. (medlineplus.gov)
The protein encoded by this gene is a G protein-coupled receptor that interacts with the patched protein, a receptor for hedgehog proteins. (antibodies-online.com)
The encoded protein tranduces signals to other proteins after activation by a hedgehog protein/patched protein complex. (antibodies-online.com)
All four genes for FGF Rs encode proteins with an N-terminal signal peptide, three immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains, an acid-box region containing a run of acidic residues between the IgI and IgII domains, a transmembrane domain and the split tyrosine-kinase domain. (rndsystems.com)
Extensive evidence has revealed that the core clock machinery involves "clock genes" and "clock proteins" functioning as molecular cogs. (bioone.org)
The present study has identified many potential immune-related genes in A. mylitta some of which are vertebrate homologues and others are hitherto unreported putative defence proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Unlike classical G-protein coupled receptors, the encoded protein does not associate with intracellular G-proteins. (nih.gov)
Most of the differentially methylated genes encoded secreted proteins, signaling peptides, and receptors with disulfide bonds. (bvsalud.org)

Agonist-dependent consequences of proline to alanine substitution in the transmembrane helices of the calcitonin receptor. (wikipedia.org)
Pharmacological discrimination of calcitonin receptor: receptor activity-modifying protein complexes. (wikipedia.org)
Regulation of signal transduction by calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors. (wikipedia.org)
Calcitonin/PAC receptor splice variants: a blind spot in migraine research. (iasp-pain.org)
The neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and their receptors are linked to migraine neurobiology. (iasp-pain.org)
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of the synthetic endocannabinoid (eCB) analogue, arachidonyl-2′-chloroethylamide (ACEA), on calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release in the dura and trigeminal ganglion (TG), as cannabinoids are known to activate G i/o -coupled cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1), resulting in neuronal inhibition. (ku.dk)
Erenumab specifically targets the Calcitonin-Gene-Related-Peptide (CGRP) receptor, which is believed to transmit signals that can cause incapacitating pain. (amgen.com)
Neuropeptides substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide and proteases trypsin stimulated GPCR endocytosis and evoked sustained signals and hyperexcitability in pain-sensing neurons. (dtic.mil)

Glucagon is a ligand for a specific G-protein linked receptor whose signalling pathway controls cell proliferation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Our findings indicate that EP2 signaling suppresses beneficial microglia functions that falter during AD development and suggest that inhibition of the COX/PGE 2 /EP2 immune pathway has potential as a strategy to restore healthy microglial function and prevent progression to AD. (jci.org)
The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionary conserved signal transduction cascade present in almost all tissues and is required for embryonic and postnatal development, as well as for stem cell maintenance, but it is also implicated in tumorigenesis including pancreatic cancer and leukemia. (uni-ulm.de)
Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. (novusbio.com)
In addition to participation in proteasome function, this subunit may also participate in the TNF signalling pathway since it interacts with the tumor necrosis factor type 1 receptor. (novusbio.com)
The ComX-ComP-ComA signalling pathway is a major quorum response pathway in B. Subtilis and regulates the development of genetic competence (7). (igem.org)
Thus, these results reveal that hunger induces reduction of responses to noxious heat through the Lk/Lkr signaling pathway in Drosophila. (sdbonline.org)
It may instead modulate signal transduction through the beta-arrestin pathway, and may alternatively act as a decoy receptor. (nih.gov)
Among the components of this signaling pathway, we show that natriuretic peptide receptor 3 (Npr3) plays a pivotal role by differentially regulating two developmental programs through its dual function as clearance and signaling receptor. (gene-tools.com)
Using a combination of MO-based knockdowns, pharmacological inhibitors and rescue assays we demonstrate that Npr3 cooperate with guanylate cyclase natriuretic peptide receptor 1 (Npr1) and natriuretic peptides (Nppa/Nppc) to regulate NC and CP formation, pointing at a broad requirement of this signaling pathway in early embryogenesis. (gene-tools.com)
It is suggested that oxidative stress, stress in the Golgi Apparatus, reduction in expression of the set of genes involved in the signaling pathway Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and in the pathway of the metabolism of beta-amyloid peptide and alteration of the catalytic activity of D2 with consequent changes in serum levels of T3 and T4 may contribute to the development or as aggravating of these conditions. (bvsalud.org)

Second messenger signaling bypasses CGRP receptor blockade to provoke migraine attacks in humans. (iasp-pain.org)
CGRP release was induced by either 60 mM K + (for depolarization-induced stimulation) or 100 nM capsaicin (for transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) -induced stimulation) and measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (ku.dk)
The analysis of CGRP release data was combined with immunohistochemistry in order to study the cellular localization of CB1, cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2), CGRP and receptor activity modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), a subunit of the functional CGRP receptor, in the TG. (ku.dk)

Background: C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a known target for promoting growth and has been implicated as a therapeutic opportunity for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). (lu.se)
Methods: Instrumental variables mimicking the effects of pharmacological intervention on CNP were identified as uncorrelated genetic variants located in the genes coding for its primary receptors, natriuretic peptide receptors-2 and 3 (NPR2 and NPR3), that associated with height. (lu.se)
Natriuretic peptide signaling has been implicated in a broad range of physiological processes, regulating blood volume and pressure, ventricular hypertrophy, fat metabolism, and long bone growth. (gene-tools.com)
Here we describe a completely novel role for natriuretic peptide signaling in the control of neural crest (NC) and cranial placode (CP) progenitors formation. (gene-tools.com)

Background: Based on the current understanding of the role of neuropeptide signalling in migraine, we explored the therapeutic potential of a specific cannabinoid agonist. (ku.dk)
Here, we provide evidence that the Drosophila neuropeptide Allatostatin A (AstA) regulates AKH and DILP signaling. (ruc.dk)
Leucokinin neuropeptide (LK) and its receptor ( LK-R ) were found to be required for normal behavioral rhythms. (sdbonline.org)
The neuropeptide Leucokinin (Lk) and its receptor ( Lkr ) are essential for the reduction of responses to noxious heat. (sdbonline.org)

1 The BCR-ABL1 fusion protein is a constitutively active tyrosine kinase and triggers a cascade of aberrant downstream signaling pathways leading to clonal outgrowth of CML cells and subsequent disease manifestation. (haematologica.org)
In the present study we constructed and analysed the immune transcriptome of the lepidopteran Antheraea mylitta , an economically important Indian tasar silkmoth with a view to unravel the potential immune-related genes and pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent studies have revealed that AXL contributes to leukaemic phenotypes through activation of oncogenic signalling pathways that lead to increased cell migration and proliferation. (cancerindex.org)
Couples weakly to G(i)-mediated signaling pathways. (nih.gov)

These range from receptors for microbial aggressors, to intracellular signaling cascades, which control the expression of immune response genes, and the genes encoding potent antimicrobial peptides," Dr. Hoffmann explained. (newswise.com)
The various zoological phyla have played with a toolbox of genes encoding receptors, adaptors, kinases, transactivators, and antimicrobial peptides according to their own agendas, essentially their own environments and pathogens," he said. (newswise.com)
Granulysin is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) expressed by human T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells. (uni-ulm.de)
Outer, keratinized epidermis: Keratinocytes in the skin secrete antimicrobial peptides (defensins), and sebaceous and sweat glands secrete microbe-inhibiting substances (eg, lactic acid, fatty acids). (msdmanuals.com)

Individuals with SPS were tested for coding mutations and large deletions in the PTEN, SMAD4, and BMPR1A genes, for the MUTYH variants in exons 7 (Y179C) and 13 (G396D), and for the duplication upstream of GREM1. (nih.gov)
We found no variants that were likely to be deleterious germline mutations in the SPS cases in the PTEN, SMAD4, and BMPR1A genes. (nih.gov)
Each of the ERAP1 gene variants changes a single protein building block (amino acid) in endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1. (medlineplus.gov)
Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants of this gene. (cancerindex.org)
Approximately 50-60% of miscarriages result from chromosomal abnormalities, whereas up to 60% of euploid recurrent abortions harbor variants in candidate genes. (bvsalud.org)
Study the impact of common variants in the genes encoding for GIP, the GIP degrading enzymes dipeptidyl peptidases (DPPs), and OPN on diabetic complications. (lu.se)
For example, variants of the ADIPOQ gene (the rs266729 single-nucleotide polymorphism) are associated with obesity and diabetes in various Arab countries. (who.int)

G protein-coupled receptors are the largest superfamily of cell surface receptors in the Metazoa and play critical roles in transducing extracellular signals into intracellular responses. (sdbonline.org)

The society said "Professor Debbie Hay is an innovative molecular pharmacologist whose seminal contributions have enhanced understanding of the roles of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in conditions such as migraine, diabetes and obesity. (wikipedia.org)
The grant seeks to determine whether G protein-coupled receptors GPCRs in endosomes, rather than at the plasma membrane, are mediators and therapeutic targets for chronic pain. (dtic.mil)
Aim 1 examines whether GPCRs in endosomes control activity of ion channels and expression of genes that induce sustained neuronal excitation. (dtic.mil)

The C-type lectin receptor CLEC9A mediates antigen uptake and (cross-)presentation by human blood BDCA3+ myeloid dendritic cells. (nih.gov)

Several mechanisms controlling these processes are conserved in Drosophila, where homeostasis and energy mobilization are regulated by the glucagon-related adipokinetic hormone (AKH) and the Drosophila insulin-like peptides (DILPs). (ruc.dk)
Drosophila melanogaster presents a simpler model system in which to study FGF signaling, with only three ligands and two FGF receptors (FGFRs) identified. (biologists.com)
To understand this, a screen was carried out for signals that could identify circadian output circuits in Drosophila melanogaster. (sdbonline.org)
The modification of the Drosophila leucokinin receptor shows that substitution of any non-aromatic amino acid for the tryptophan leads to a loss of receptor function. (sdbonline.org)

Functionally, it is responsible for transduction of the IL-6 signal across the plasma membrane (1). (rndsystems.com)

also known as IL-6 signal transducer, IL-6 receptor beta, oncostatin-M alpha subunit) is a ubiquitously expressed, 130 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein and member of the type II subfamily, type I cytokine receptor family. (rndsystems.com)
The ECD also contains an N terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like C2-type domain, followed by the cytokine receptor homology region (CHR) which is made up of two fibronectin type III-like domains and a WSXWS motif, and three additional fibronectin type III-like domains (2). (rndsystems.com)
The domains in the CHR are the structural hallmarks of the hematopoietic cytokine receptor family (2). (rndsystems.com)
Gp130 serves as the signal transducing receptor subunit for the IL-6-type cytokines consisting of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), new neurotrophin factor-1 (NNT-1), IL-27, cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), and cardiotrophin like cytokine (CLC) (2 - 5). (rndsystems.com)
In these studies we explore the role of GIP, its receptor GIPR and their genetic variation, as well as their downstream target, the cytokine osteopontin (OPN) in the development of vascular complications of diabetes. (lu.se)

transient receptor potential cation. (wikigenes.org)

PageMan analysis revealed several significantly enriched categories altered by MeJA+NaCl treatment, compared with NaCl treatment alone, including genes involved in secondary metabolism, glutathione-based redox regulation, cell cycle, transcription factors (TFs), and other signal transductions (such as calcium and ROS). (frontiersin.org)
Our results suggest that regulation of gene expression in sensory neurons can function in the integration of a wide array of sensory information and facilitate decision-making behaviors in C. elegans . (elifesciences.org)
The hypothalamic and hypophyseal distribution of the receptor suggests an involvement of apelin in the control of neuro- and adenohypophyseal hormone release, whereas its presence in the pineal gland and in discrete higher brain structures points out to possible roles in the regulation of circadian rhythms and of water and food intake behavior. (nih.gov)
Our Peptides Involved in Appetite Modulation review gives an overview of the peptides implicated in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. (tocris.com)

Subsequent transcriptomic analysis identified genes differentially regulated by MeJA+NaCl treatment and NaCl alone. (frontiersin.org)

A distinct ZmFCP1-FEA3 ligand-receptor combination, originally identified in maize, prevents WUS gene expression in the region below the OC (also called rib zone, RZ), thus confining WUS expression within the OC of meristems 6 . (nature.com)
In vertebrates, FGF signaling is complex, with over 100 predicted FGF ligand-receptor combinations. (biologists.com)

Variations (polymorphisms) in the ERAP1 gene have been found to influence the risk of ankylosing spondylitis. (medlineplus.gov)
Several polymorphisms in your gene - DIO2 - have been positively correlated to behavioral disorders, but it´s not clear how they leads to these conditions. (bvsalud.org)
Recent advances have been made in the of host factors, polymorphisms, and candidate genes associated characterization of the immune response to low-molecular- with occupational asthma may improve our understanding of weight agents. (cdc.gov)
Publications regarding the associations of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) G2258A and T597C polymorphisms with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) susceptibility are inconsistent. (cdc.gov)
The relationship between VDR gene polymorphisms and onset pattern of diabetes was not significant. (who.int)

Aim 2 determines whether endosomally-targeted antagonists inhibit channel activity, gene expression and hyperexcitability of neurons. (dtic.mil)

The peptide apelin, recently isolated from bovine stomach tissue extracts, has been identified as an endogenous ligand of the human putative receptor protein related to the angiotensin receptor AT(1) (APJ). (nih.gov)

Description of the protein which includes the UniProt Function and the NCBI Gene Summary. (nih.gov)
Total count of NCBI Gene Reference Into Function hits for target listed in parenthesis, and summary table with links to publications per PMID with the specific text in article that includes the reported target. (nih.gov)

Rat gp130 is synthesized as a 918 amino acid (aa) precursor with a 22 aa signal sequence, a 596 aa extracellular domain (ECD), a 22 aa transmembrane region, and a 278 aa cytoplasmic tail. (rndsystems.com)

Pharmacological characterization of rat amylin receptors: implications for the identification of amylin receptor subtypes. (wikipedia.org)
Conservation of genes and processes controlled by the quorum response in bacteria: characterization of genes controlled by the quorum-sensing transcription factor ComA in Bacillus subtilis Natalia Comella and Alan D. Grossman* Department of Biology, Building 68-530, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. (igem.org)

putative roles of the major peptides are outlined and compounds available from Tocris are listed. (tocris.com)
A third of the transcriptome showed similarity with previously characterized immune-related genes that included both the known and putative immune genes. (biomedcentral.com)

Therapies have been developed to block endosomal signaling and evaluated in preclinical models of trauma- and stress-induced pain. (dtic.mil)

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37) (human, rat) is a pancreatic hormone synthesized by post-translational processing of proglucagon. (tocris.com)
Suzuki et al (2003) Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37) converts intestinal epithelial cells into Ins-producing cells. (tocris.com)
If you know of a relevant reference for Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37) (human, rat), please let us know . (tocris.com)
Do you know of a great paper that uses Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37) (human, rat) from Tocris? (tocris.com)
Be the first to review Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37) (human, rat) and earn rewards! (tocris.com)
Have you used Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37) (human, rat)? (tocris.com)
Glucagon-like peptide 1 Analogues as Adjunctive Therapy for Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: an Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. (medscape.com)
The incretin hormones GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) are released from the intestine after food ingestion to stimulate insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. (lu.se)

The signal in question is molecule called DAF-7, which is released by several sensory neurons-nerve cells that are used for detecting cues from the environment. (elifesciences.org)

This gene encodes one of the non-ATPase subunits of the 19S regulator lid. (novusbio.com)
This gene encodes a G-protein coupled receptor 1 family member involved in the complement system of the innate immune response. (nih.gov)

Visualization of modified receptors through the incorporation of a fluorescent tag revealed a severe reduction in plasma membrane expression, indicating aberrant trafficking of these modified receptors. (sdbonline.org)
Aberrant hypermethylation of genes may lead to a decrease in expression, impaired trophoblast differentiation and invasion, mitotic disorders, chromosomal mosaicism and karyotype self-correction via trisomy rescue mechanisms. (bvsalud.org)

Two of the other peptides are secreted from gut endocrine cells and promote nutrient absorption through distinct mechanisms. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In the biofilm formation bacteria can talk each other via some signal mechanisms. (igem.org)
We show that conserved signaling mechanisms regulate the acute transition from proliferative NSCs to committed glutamatergic excitatory neurons. (edu.au)
To evaluate the mechanisms underlying the role of AXL signalling in tumour metastasis, we screened a phage display library to generate a novel human monoclonal antibody, named DAXL-88, that recognizes both human and murine AXL. (cancerindex.org)
Small Indels in the Androgen Receptor Gene: Phenotype Implications and Mechanisms of Mutagenesis. (medscape.com)

Hilbert and Kim showed that the biological sex in combination with multiple other inputs - including the animal's past diet and age - regulate how the DAF-7 signal is expressed in C. elegans . (elifesciences.org)
Among the peripheral signals that are generated to regulate the uptake of food, signals from adipose tissue are of major relevance and involve the maintenance of energy homeostasis through processes such as lipogenesis, lipolysis, and oxidation of fatty acids. (wjgnet.com)
We propose that Npr3 acts as a clearance receptor to regulate local concentrations of natriuretic peptides for optimal cGMP production through Npr1 activation, and as a signaling receptor to control cAMP levels through inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. (gene-tools.com)

But dryness, scratchiness, burning, irrita-tion, and tearing can also be signals of migraine-and they can be associated with ocular surface diseases, including dry eye disease, blepharitis, and allergic conjunctivitis. (aao.org)

immune destruction of insulin-pro- vestigate the relationship of VDR gene ducing beta cells by T-cell infiltration polymorphism to the risk of type 1 DM DNA isolation and PCR experiments of the pancreatic islets [1]. (who.int)

Interleukin 8 (IL-8, CXCL8) is a 72 amino acid pro-inflammatory factor which belongs to the CXC subfamily of chemokines, and are bound by the cell surface receptors IL-8RA and IL-8RB. (thermofisher.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Tyro3-Axl-Mer (TAM) receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily. (cancerindex.org)

In the hippocampus, an area of the brain associated with memory formation, LTP and LTD require functional modification of AMPA receptors (AMPARs). (umd.edu)
These results suggest that the functional change in synaptic transmission and the structural synaptic plasticity may utilize separate signaling cascades. (umd.edu)
The functional role of VPAC2 receptors in rhythm generation and maintenance in these tissues is, however, unknown. (ljmu.ac.uk)

AXL, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is commonly overexpressed in several solid tumours and numerous hematopoietic malignancies including acute myeloid leukaemia, acute lymphocytic leukaemia, chronic myeloid leukaemia, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and multiple myeloma. (cancerindex.org)

The ER aminopeptidase, ERAP1, trims precursors to lengths of MHC class I peptides by a 'molecular ruler' mechanism. (medlineplus.gov)
At the crux of the Hoffmann lab body of work is the Toll receptor, a protein that straddles the cell membranes of immune system "sentinel" cells, detecting molecular nametags of pathogens from the outside and transducing messages to the inside, activating and orchestrating defense against infection. (newswise.com)

A year later, Dr. Janeway and his lab at Yale discovered Toll-like receptors that activate and amplify the specific, adaptive immune response in humans. (newswise.com)

Mice lacking VPAC2 receptors (Vipr2−/−) express disrupted behavioral and metabolic rhythms and show altered SCN neuronal activity and clock gene expression. (ljmu.ac.uk)

Prior information on immune response genes in wild silkmoths is lacking except for a few peripheral studies. (biomedcentral.com)
The host genetic factors are assumed to play a critical role in tuberculosis pathogenesis, through impact on the gene expression of cytokines and chemokines, which are implicated in the host immune response. (cdc.gov)

Leptin and adiponectin can augment the oxidation of fatty acid in liver by activating the nuclear receptor super-family of transcription factors, namely peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α. (wjgnet.com)
Cloned in the 80s, the GR has become one of the best-studied and clinically most relevant members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. (uni-ulm.de)

NA removes sialic acids from glycans, which enables virus particles to be released from the cell surface after assembly and from decoy receptors (e.g., in mucus). (cdc.gov)

CL/RAMP2 and CL/RAMP3 produce pharmacologically distinct adrenomedullin receptors: a comparison of effects of adrenomedullin22-52, CGRP8-37 and BIBN4096BS. (wikipedia.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is actually a preproprotein that is cleaved into four distinct mature peptides. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Four distinct genes encoding closely related FGF receptors, FGF R1 - 4, are known. (rndsystems.com)

Conclusions: This genetic analysis supports the cardioprotective effects of pharmacologically inhibiting NPR3 receptor function, which is only partly mediated by an effect on blood pressure. (lu.se)

Overexpression of ZmWUS1-B is due to multimerized binding sites for type-B RESPONSE REGULATORs (RRs), key transcription factors in cytokinin signaling. (nature.com)

Salinomycin exerts anticancer effects on human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cancer stem cells via modulation of Hedgehog signaling. (antibodies-online.com)

We performed MR and colocalization analyses to investigate the effects of NPR2 signalling and NPR3 function on CVD outcomes and risk factors. (lu.se)

both VPAC2 receptors and rhythmic clock gene/protein expression have been noted in the arcuate (Arc) and dorsomedial (DMH) nuclei of the mediobasal hypothalamus, and in the pituitary gland. (ljmu.ac.uk)

Using site-directed mutagenesis, the conserved tryptophan residue was mutagenized in eight receptors which are members of disparate class A GPCR subfamilies from different taxa. (sdbonline.org)
Taken together, these results suggest a novel role for the WxFG motif in GPCR trafficking and receptor function. (sdbonline.org)

Here, we evaluated murine models that recapitulate microglial responses to Aβ peptides and determined that microglia-specific deletion of the gene encoding the PGE 2 receptor EP2 restores microglial chemotaxis and Aβ clearance, suppresses toxic inflammation, increases cytoprotective insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling, and prevents synaptic injury and memory deficits. (jci.org)
When pyr and ths are equivalently expressed using the Gal4 system, these ligands support qualitatively different FGFR signaling responses. (biologists.com)
Quorum or diffusion responses in bacteria are mediated by secreted signalling molecules that accumulate extracellularly as cultures grow to high density. (igem.org)

Dynamin and clathrin inhibitors suppressed endocytosis, signaling and hyperexcitability. (dtic.mil)

The genetic study showed promising results in "silencing" the genes that translate into tau protein, the primary component behind dementia. (medicaldaily.com)
Genetically inherited forms arise from defects of parathyroid gland development, defects in the parathyroid hormone (PTH) gene, defects in the calcium-sensing receptor gene, defects in PTH action, defects in the autoimmune regulator gene, and genetic syndromes. (medscape.com)

Downregulated adipose tissue expression of browning genes with increased environmental temperatures. (medscape.com)

Silencing of Dar-2 in these cells results in changes in gene expression and physiology associated with reduced DILP and AKH signaling and animals lacking AstA accumulate high lipid levels. (ruc.dk)

There was unlikely sufficient statistical power to investigate the cardioprotective effects of NPR2 signalling. (lu.se)
Growing evidence suggests a cardioprotective role of GLP-1-signaling, but not much is known about GIP-signalng in this context. (lu.se)

The Toll receptor had been discovered in 1985 as a regulator of embryo polarity, but Dr. Hoffmann's group linked it to fungal infection in flies in 1996 and then to Gram-positive bacterial infections. (newswise.com)
7 In CML and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we and others have shown that IL-1 is a positive regulator of LSC, and blocking IL-1 signaling inhibits the LSC. (haematologica.org)
In Bacillus subtilis, a quorum response is mediated by a secreted 10-amino-acid modified peptide (ComX pheromone) that activates a receptor histidine kinase (ComP) that activates a response regulator transcription factor (ComA). (igem.org)

ABSTRACT Reported associations between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism and type 1 diabetes mellitus vary across ethnic groups. (who.int)

Since AMPARs are the major ionotropic glutamate receptors in the brain, changing the single channel properties and/or the number at synapses can greatly affect excitatory synaptic function. (umd.edu)
In a parallel study, I demonstrated that the beta-site cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), which cleaves the amyloid precursor protein (APP) to release the amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), is also involved in regulating synaptic plasticity. (umd.edu)
Using mice lacking the BACE1 gene, I found that BACE1 is involved in specific forms of synaptic plasticity as well as presynaptic function. (umd.edu)
In summary, my studies demonstrate that the function of AMPA receptors can be regulated in multiple ways, including phosphorylation of a single amino acid, and is critically involved in synaptic plasticity that underlies learning and memory formation. (umd.edu)

Anatomy22

Organisms18

Chemicals and Drugs133

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes60

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science5

Proteins16

Calcitonin8

Pathway11

CGRP3

Natriuretic peptide4

Neuropeptide4

Pathways4

Antimicrobial4

Variants7

Intracellular1

GPCRs3

Mediates1

Drosophila4

Transduction1

Cytokine5

Transient receptor1

Regulation4

Differentially1

Ligand-receptor2

Polymorphisms5

Antagonists1

Endogenous1

NCBI2

Transmembrane1

Characterization2

Putative2

Endosomal1

Glucagon8

Molecule1

Encodes2

Aberrant2

Mechanisms5

Regulate3

Migraine1

Pancreatic1

Subfamily2

Functional3

Tyrosine kinase1

Molecular2

Humans1

Neuronal1

Immune response2

Nuclear receptor2

Decoy1

Distinct3

Pharmacologically1

Transcription factors1

Modulation1

NPR31

Pituitary1

GPCR2

Responses3

Inhibitors1

Genetic2

Adipose tissue1

Accumulate1

Cardioprotective2

Regulator3

Abstract1

Synaptic4