• citation needed] Unlike point mutations, which affect only a single nucleotide, microsatellite mutations lead to the gain or loss of an entire repeat unit, and sometimes two or more repeats simultaneously. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some of these tools are designed to detect STR expansions at disease-related loci, while others detect expansions and contractions of STRs genome-wide but are constrained by sequencing read length and the STR motif size. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, the mutation rate at microsatellite loci is expected to differ from other mutation rates, such as base substitution rates. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mutation rate at microsatellite loci depends on the repeat motif sequence, the number of repeated motif units and the purity of the canonical repeated sequence. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other microsatellites are located in regulatory flanking or intronic regions of genes, or directly in codons of genes - microsatellite mutations in such cases can lead to phenotypic changes and diseases, notably in triplet expansion diseases such as fragile X syndrome and Huntington's disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microsatellites occur at thousands of locations within an organism's genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microsatellites are distributed throughout the genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • The human genome for example contains 50,000-100,000 dinucleotide microsatellites, and lesser numbers of tri-, tetra- and pentanucleotide microsatellites. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microsatellites and their longer cousins, the minisatellites, together are classified as VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1992). A microsatellite is a tract of tandemly repeated (i.e. adjacent) DNA motifs that range in length from one to six or up to ten nucleotides (the exact definition and delineation to the longer minisatellites varies from author to author), and are typically repeated 5-50 times. (wikipedia.org)
  • Repeat units of four and five nucleotides are referred to as tetra- and pentanucleotide motifs, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • A microsatellite is a tract of repetitive DNA in which certain DNA motifs (ranging in length from one to six or more base pairs) are repeated, typically 5-50 times. (wikipedia.org)
  • The increasing availability of DNA amplification by PCR at the beginning of the 1990s triggered a large number of studies using the amplification of microsatellites as genetic markers for forensic medicine, for paternity testing, and for positional cloning to find the gene underlying a trait or disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microsatellites are often referred to as short tandem repeats (STRs) by forensic geneticists and in genetic genealogy, or as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) by plant geneticists. (wikipedia.org)
  • Different molecular characterization approaches have been used simultaneously in eucalypts, however, microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) with their prolific characteristics could occupy a special niche in Eucalyptus genetic improvement. (springeropen.com)
  • One of the most frequently used DNA markers in eucalypts since 1996 are microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (Byrne et al. (springeropen.com)
  • Other microsatellites are located in regulatory flanking or intronic regions of genes, or directly in codons of genes - microsatellite mutations in such cases can lead to phenotypic changes and diseases, notably in triplet expansion diseases such as fragile X syndrome and Huntington's disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Unlike point mutations, which affect only a single nucleotide, microsatellite mutations lead to the gain or loss of an entire repeat unit, and sometimes two or more repeats simultaneously. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most eukaryotes have microsatellites, with the notable exception of some yeast species. (wikipedia.org)
  • The importance of microsatellites for plant genome analysis has been highlighted on several occasions (Varshney et al. (springeropen.com)
  • The human genome for example contains 50,000-100,000 dinucleotide microsatellites, and lesser numbers of tri-, tetra- and pentanucleotide microsatellites. (wikipedia.org)
  • Progressively more numbers of microsatellites are being linked to genes associated with adaptive and functional variations, therefore making their utility broader in genetic applications. (springeropen.com)
  • This review on eucalypts microsatellites, highlights the availability and characteristics of genomic and eSSRs and their potential in genetic analysis of natural and breeding populations and also discusses the future prospects in population genetics and marker assisted selection. (springeropen.com)