Lumbar VertebraeThoracic VertebraeBone ScrewsSpineSpondylolysisCervical VertebraeSpinal FusionInternal FixatorsSpinal FracturesSacrumSpinal DiseasesBone DensitySpondylolisthesisBone and BonesScoliosisSpinal NeoplasmsTomography, X-Ray ComputedSpinal CanalLumbosacral RegionPolymethyl MethacrylateRibsOsteoporosisBiomechanical PhenomenaZygapophyseal JointFemurWeight-BearingIliumIntervertebral DiscX-Ray MicrotomographyCompressive StrengthBone DevelopmentOrthopedic ProceduresFluoroscopyKyphosisOvariectomyBone Diseases, MetabolicCadaverAbsorptiometry, PhotonVertebroplastyIntervertebral Disc DisplacementCervical AtlasAlendronateOrthopedic Fixation DevicesBone ResorptionTibiaNeuronavigationSurgical FlapsImaging, Three-DimensionalMagnetic Resonance ImagingOsteoporosis, PostmenopausalBone RemodelingAntlersFractures, CompressionSurgery, Computer-AssistedBone Density Conservation AgentsTreatment OutcomeRadiographyAxisOsteocalcinLaminectomySpinal CurvaturesAlkaline PhosphataseLow Back PainFracture Fixation, InternalMeatBone CementsSex CharacteristicsTuberculosis, SpinalBody WeightLordosisImage Processing, Computer-AssistedPostoperative ComplicationsModels, AnatomicBone TransplantationBone MarrowSpinal InjuriesSpinal Cord CompressionRats, Sprague-DawleyTailReconstructive Surgical ProceduresDecompression, SurgicalDecalcification TechniqueTime FactorsKlippel-Feil SyndromeProsthesis ImplantationMuscle, SkeletalDinosaursMonitoring, IntraoperativeEquipment FailureTorsion AbnormalityBody CompositionKyphoplastyRetrospective StudiesJoint InstabilitySurgical Procedures, Minimally InvasiveIntraoperative ComplicationsBack PainFractures, StressPeriosteumFinite Element Analysis