Patterns gene expression regulation developmental. Medical search. Frequent questions

The concepts of his Anatomy study are interwoven with issues in Body Patterning and Ectoderm. (research.com)
His Sea urchin research is multidisciplinary, relying on both Process, Body Patterning and Fibroblast growth factor. (research.com)
Genes that encode highly conserved TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS that control positional identity of cells (BODY PATTERNING) and MORPHOGENESIS throughout development. (lookformedical.com)

These studies provide genetic evidence for an essential function of a homeodomain protein in ß-catenin-mediated induction of the dorsal gastrula organizer and place boz at the top of a hierarchy of zygotic genes specifying the dorsal midline of a vertebrate embryo. (zfin.org)
Size-dependent regulation of dorsal-ventral patterning in the early Drosophila embryo. (tamu.edu)
How natural variation in embryo size affects patterning of the Drosophila embryo dorsal-ventral (DV) axis is not known. (tamu.edu)
Thus, our results argue against the idea that the Dorsal gradient works as a global system of relative coordinates along the DV axis and suggest that individual targets respond to changes in embryo size in a gene-specific manner. (tamu.edu)
To date, the earliest stage at which the orientation of the anterior-posterior axis in the mouse embryo is distinguishable by asymmetric gene expression is shortly after E5.5. (biomedcentral.com)
David R. McClay mainly focuses on Cell biology, Sea urchin, Gene regulatory network, Embryo and Gastrulation. (research.com)
His work carried out in the field of Gene regulatory network brings together such families of science as Evolutionary biology, Lytechinus variegatus, Transcription factor, Morphogenesis and Sea urchin embryo. (research.com)
However, the expression profile of the Cyp1a1 gene in the developing embryo is not well under-stood. (ox.ac.uk)
In contrast to the absence of constitutive Cyp1a1 and lacZ transgene expression in tissues of the adult mouse, a constitutive cell-specific and time-dependent pattern of CYP1A1 promoter activity was observed in the embryo. (ox.ac.uk)
In Drosophila, the Toll pathway was originally characterized for its role in the dorsoventral patterning of the embryo. (cnrs.fr)
The development of a single-cell zygote into a multi cellular organism with a plethora of cell and tissue types necessitates the precise spatiotemporal coordination of numerous mechanisms in the developing embryo, including the regulation of gene expression, morphogenesis, and tissue patterning. (tu-berlin.de)
Using this spatiotemporal atlas, we uncover embryo and tissue-wide gene expression patterns that govern body plan formation and the architecture of rudimentary organs. (tu-berlin.de)

His is involved in several facets of Genetics study, as is seen by his studies on Gene and Gene regulatory network. (research.com)
The scientist's investigation covers issues in Cell biology, Gene regulatory network, Genetics, Endoderm and Sea urchin. (research.com)
The Gene regulatory network study combines topics in areas such as Human evolutionary genetics, Developmental biology, Morphogenesis, Heliocidaris and Regulation of gene expression. (research.com)
Molecular biology studies are supported by strong research and training programs in cell biology, developmental biology and genetics. (iitkgp.ac.in)

DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) is the major methyltransferase in mammals and genetic inactivation of the Dnmt1 gene causes demethylation that results in cell death in tissue culture and embryonic lethality of homozygous mutant mice at E8.5 (Li et al. (uni-muenchen.de)
Developmental expression and function of DKKL1/Dkkl1 in humans and mice. (nih.gov)
In adult mice the cytochrome P450 Cyp1a1 gene is not constitutively expressed but is highly inducible by foreign compounds acting through the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor. (ox.ac.uk)
When reporter mice were bred onto a genetic background expressing a lower affinity form of the Ah receptor (DBA allele), transgene and murine Cyp1a1 protein expression were both attenuated in the adult mouse liver upon xenobiotic challenge. (ox.ac.uk)
When pregnant mice are exposed to BPA along with a vitamin B cocktail (including B12 and folic acid) which increase methylation of the Agouti gene, the offspring are no longer predominantly yellow and obese. (cdc.gov)

We report that boz mutations disrupt the homeobox gene dharma. (zfin.org)
Antennapedia homeodomain protein is a homeobox protein involved in limb patterning in ARTHROPODS. (lookformedical.com)
Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. (lookformedical.com)
Their sequences contain a 180 nucleotide sequence designated the homeobox, so called because mutations of these genes often results in homeotic transformations, in which one body structure replaces another. (lookformedical.com)
The proteins encoded by homeobox genes are called HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS. (lookformedical.com)

Using single-cell profiling of mutant phenotype, we in- vestigate the fundamental principles governing cell fate specification, morphogenesis, and tissue patterning. (tu-berlin.de)
Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL). (lookformedical.com)

By crossreferencing methylation patterns to genome-wide mapping of histone H3 lysine (K) 4/27 trimethylation and binding of Oct4, Nanog, and Polycomb proteins on gene promoters, we found that promoter DNA methylation is the only marker of this group present on approximately 30% of genes, many of which are silenced in mES cells. (ca.gov)
A few areas of interest are - regulation of transcription factors, DNA repair mechanisms, protein folding and mis-folding, intrinsically disordered proteins, enzyme catalysis and protein engineering. (iitkgp.ac.in)
Expression patterns were examined in the developing eye of a chondrichthyan, the dogfish, and an amniote, the chick, and compared with the capacity of paralogous proteins to induce a pigmented phenotype in cultured retina cells in cooperation with the bHLH-leucine zipper protein Mitf. (ox.ac.uk)
We speculated that the defect of protein synthesis attenuated expression of other exoglucanases or glucan synthesis-related proteins, and then induced release of Xog1p to the cell wall. (ncl.edu.tw)
Lastly, we used RNA knockdown methods to diminish the expression of connexin proteins, which generate so-called "gap junctions" between cells - channels of communication which calcium and other molecules can traverse. (uib.no)
The oocyte is loaded with maternal mRNAs and proteins that control the cell maintenance and fate and the formation of the body plan prior to the onset of zygotic genome expression [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The Genome Regulation Group is a mixed group of experimental and computational biologists that uses genomic tools to study developmental and stem cell biology with a particular interest in the role of epigenetic regulation. (mpg.de)
Our multi-disciplinary approach will ensure diverse areas of research that include studies at the level of molecules (biochemistry, biophysics, molecular & structural biology) to organisms (cellular and developmental biology, microbiology and immunology). (iitkgp.ac.in)
Developmental Biology (3cr. (udel.edu)
I graduated from Lomonosov Moscow State University as a Master in Physiology with specialization in developmental biology. (uib.no)
Historically, much of the long-standing debate had focused on larval morphology and developmental cell biology, with less evidence from molecular-based studies. (nature.com)

This paper reports on the kinetics of accumulation of these lipid classes during pollen maturation and the expression patterns of several lipid biosynthetic genes and their protein products that are differentially regulated in developing microspores/ pollen grains (gametophyte) and tapetal cells (sporophyte) of B. napus. (nih.gov)
Developmental regulation of neuronal gene expression by Elongator complex protein 1 dosage. (figshare.com)
Familial dysautonomia (FD), a hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, is caused by a mutation in the Elongator complex protein 1 (ELP1) gene that lead to a tissue-specific reduction of ELP1 protein. (figshare.com)
There was also an upregulation in expression of positive regulators and key components of the AMPK pathway, autophagy, proteasome function, and the unfolded protein response. (nature.com)
Moreover, HTD could regulate protein expression levels of p-JNK1/2, and p-ERK1/2, which reflects the inhibitory effect of HTD on the MAPKS signaling pathway. (bvsalud.org)
This gene encodes a secreted protein that has low sequence similarity to the dickkopf-3 protein. (nih.gov)
Moreover, C. albicans Hom6p affects expression of the cell wall protein Xog1p which is a major exoglucanase and is found to be involved in cell adhesion. (ncl.edu.tw)
This expression pattern was confirmed as reflecting the endogenous gene by measuring Cyp1a1 mRNA levels and protein expression by immunohistochemistry. (ox.ac.uk)
These novel data suggest that the Cyp1a1 protein may play a role in murine development and that regulation of the Cyp1a1 gene during this period is either through the action of a high affinity Ah receptor ligand or by an alternative regulatory pathway. (ox.ac.uk)
In cancer research, it will provide high-throughput and valuable insights into differences in an individual's tumor as compared with constitutional DNA, mRNA expression, and protein expression and activity. (cnrs.fr)
We also constructed a custom protein database that containing 97,308,110 protein sequences of 806,786 species from NCBI Protein database for gene age estimation, which is crucial for the transcriptome age-based analyses in our study. (nature.com)
Mutations in the gene for the antennapedia homeodomain protein are associated with the conversion of antenna to leg or leg to antenna DROSOPHILA. (lookformedical.com)
The FOLR1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called folate receptor alpha. (medlineplus.gov)
Additionally, folate is involved in the production and repair of DNA, regulation of gene activity (expression), and protein production. (medlineplus.gov)
FOLR1 gene mutations result in a lack of protein or malfunctioning protein. (medlineplus.gov)

1992). In a first step, the 5' end of the Dnmt1 gene was characterized to determine the structure of a new oocyte-specific isoform found in oocytes and early embryos. (uni-muenchen.de)
We then conducted a comprehensive transcriptome analysis in mouse embryos to identify genes and pathways whose expression correlates with the amount of ELP1. (figshare.com)
Overexpression of boz in the extraembryonic yolk syncytial layer of boz mutant embryos is sufficient for normal development of the overlying blastoderm, revealing an involvement of extraembryonic structures in anterior patterning in fish similarly to murine embryos. (zfin.org)
We show that GDF11 is cleaved and activated by PCSK5A, but not by PCSK5A-C470R, and that Gdf11-deficient embryos, in addition to having anteroposterior patterning defects and renal and palatal agenesis, also have a presacral mass, anorectal malformation, and exomphalos. (ox.ac.uk)
Using morphological criteria and expression patterns of Darpp-32, Tbr1, Nkx2.1 and Pax6 genes, we show in slice cultures of turtle embryos that early cohorts of tangentially migrating cells are released from the medial ganglionic eminence between stages 14 and 18. (ox.ac.uk)
Homozygous mutant female flies lay dorsalized embryos that are rescued by expression of a transgenic DmMyD88 complementary DNA. (cnrs.fr)
Transcriptomic analyses provide an efficient approach to explore the temporal gene expression profiles in embryos and to search for the developmental regulators. (biomedcentral.com)

In a normal cell, the bulk genome is highly methylated at CpGs, whereas CpG islands (CPI) at gene promoter regions remain highly unmethylated. (wikipedia.org)
Aberrant DNAm is the most common type of molecular abnormality in cancer cells, where the bulk genome becomes globally 'hypomethylated' and CPIs in promoter regions become 'hypermethylated', usually leading to silencing of tumour suppressor genes. (wikipedia.org)
The assembled transcriptome is estimated to have the complete sequence information for ~86% of the genes found in the Chia genome. (oregonstate.edu)
Enrichment of modifications in each metabolic domain, relative to all the genes in the genome, revealed both shared and diverse patterns. (biorxiv.org)
Genome-wide transcriptional profiling using RNA-Seq revealed few age-related changes in gene expression in muscle and esophagus tissue. (nature.com)
Gene expression is a key determinant of cellular phenotype, and genome-wide expression analysis can provide insight into the molecular events underlying complex processes such as aging. (nature.com)
We report here genome-wide mapping of DNA methylation patterns at proximal promoter regions in mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells. (ca.gov)
Their work utilizes early mouse development as well as various mouse and human stem cell paradigms to dissect basic molecular mechanisms including the role of DNA methylation and other epigenetic modifications in gene and genome regulation. (mpg.de)
After accomplishment of the first high-quality reference genome for the scallop Patinopecten yessoensis in 2017 1 , we decided to generate a comprehensive scallop transcriptome atlas, aiming to gain deep insights of spatial and temporal expression patterns of scallop genes for developmental regulation and evolution. (nature.com)
Transcriptome profiling of the early stages in Atlantic cod revealed the presence of transcripts involved in patterning and development of tissues and organs long before activation of the zygotic genome. (biomedcentral.com)

Detailed analysis of three members of the stearoyl-ACP desaturase (sad) gene family by Northern blotting, in situ hybridization and RT-PCR showed that the same individual genes were expressed both in gametophytic and sporophytic tissues, although under different temporal regulation. (nih.gov)
Chia () Gene Expression Atlas Elucidates Dynamic Spatio-Temporal Changes Associated With Plant Growth and Development. (oregonstate.edu)
Our research will shed light on the neurogenesis of a complex adult neural structure, as well as on the general mechanism of temporal patterning of neural progenitors. (illinois.edu)
Cross-regulation between these transcription factors is required but not sufficient for temporal transitions, suggesting an additional mechanism is required. (illinois.edu)
As such, it exemplifies a cell whose function is defined through changes in developmental and temporal patterns of gene expression, including those that are hormonally induced. (endocrine.org)
The murine Cyp1a1 gene is expressed in a restricted spatial and temporal pattern during embryonic development. (ox.ac.uk)

Using camalexin biosynthesis genes as an example, we confirmed that these two modifications were co-localized to form bivalent chromatin. (biorxiv.org)
Our study suggests that this type of bivalent chromatin, which we name a kairostat, controls the precise timing of gene expression upon stimuli. (biorxiv.org)
In contrast, radial nerve showed an unexpected level of complexity with the expression of 3,370 genes significantly altered more than two-fold with age, including genes involved in nerve function, signaling, metabolism, transcriptional regulation and chromatin modification. (nature.com)
These findings highlight the complex regulation of the chromatin and epigenetic environments at PRDM9-specified hotspots. (elifesciences.org)
In the nucleus, some are chromatin-associated, transcribed from transcriptional enhancers (eRNAs) and/or direct changes in the epigenetic landscape with profound effects on gene expression. (endocrine.org)
The major event of MBT was the activation of a large group of histones and other genes that modify chromatin structure preceding massive gene expression changes. (biomedcentral.com)

Changes in methylation patterns and levels have been associated with disease progression and death (Li et al. (uni-muenchen.de)
Most cell types have relatively stable CpG dinucleotide methylation patterns and our understanding of which CpGs participate in genomic regulation is still relatively limited. (mpg.de)

In the course of our studies concerning the evolution of Hox gene regulation, we produced a transgenic mouse model expressing fish Hox genes, which displayed a reduced number of thoraco-lumbar vertebrae and concurrent sacral homeotic transformations. (nih.gov)
Using established transgenic mouse lines where 8.5 kb of the rat CYP1A1 promoter is cloned upstream of the lacZ reporter gene (1), we describe the expression of the CYP1A1-driven reporter gene in all tissues through-out stages E7-E14 of embryonic development. (ox.ac.uk)

Most methylated genes are differentiation associated and repressed in mES cells. (ca.gov)
Microarray analyses detected a suite of master developmental regulators that control differentiation and maintenance of diverse cell lineages. (biomedcentral.com)
Evidence suggests that the MITF gene transactivates the tyrosinase gene, which is involved in melanocyte differentiation. (medscape.com)
[ 6 ] Therefore, mutations in the PAX3 gene could affect regulation of the MITF gene, leading to abnormalities of melanocyte differentiation. (medscape.com)

Mutants defective in H3K27m3 and H3K18ac modifications showed that both modifications are required to determine the normal transcriptional kinetics of these genes upon stress stimuli. (biorxiv.org)
The reduced expression of genes involved in mitochondrial oxidative respiration occurs in early adulthood, before the onset of functional decline, and more abruptly than a damage-response model would predict, which supports the possibility of programmed age-related transcriptional regulation 3 . (nature.com)

Multiple mutations affecting embryonic development have been induced by chemical and insertional mutagenesis resulting in the identification of genes with important roles in development in Drosophila [ 23 - 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The various forms of Waardenburg syndrome (WS), a neurocristopathy, arise from mutations in multiple genes. (medscape.com)
Most, if not all, cases of WS1 are caused by mutations in the PAX3 gene located on chromosome band 2q35. (medscape.com)
Novel mutations of PAX3 , MITF , and SOX10 genes have been described in Chinese patients with WS1 or WS2. (medscape.com)
Mutations in the MITF gene, located on chromosome band 3p14.1-p12.3, cause some cases of WS2. (medscape.com)
Mutations in the FOLR1 gene cause cerebral folate transport deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
Cario H, Bode H, Debatin KM, Opladen T, Schwarz K. Congenital null mutations of the FOLR1 gene: a progressive neurologic disease and its treatment. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in multiple genes cause the various forms of Waardenburg syndrome (WS). (medscape.com)
These mutations may be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern or may be de novo. (medscape.com)

Metabolism underpins development and physiology, but little is known about how metabolic genes and pathways are regulated, especially in multicellular organisms. (biorxiv.org)

An advantage of such studies is that many cohorts of case-control samples already exist with available genotype and expression data that can be integrated with epigenome data. (wikipedia.org)

Stochastic models of gene transcription with upstream drives: exact solution and sample path characterization. (crossref.org)
Various levels of regulation, including epigenetic modifications and transcription factors, play important roles in coordinating the expression of genes. (biorxiv.org)
Here we examined quantitatively the relationship between nuclear distribution of the Dorsal transcription factor, boundary positions for several target genes, and DV axis length. (tamu.edu)
The integrated approaches will also be used in our investigation of how the sequential expression of transcription factors in neuroblasts generates neural diversity. (illinois.edu)
[ 4 ] The 6 genes involved in WS are PAX3 (encoding the paired box 3 transcription factor), MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor), EDN3 (endothelin 3), EDNRB (endothelin receptor type B), SOX10 (encoding the Sry bOX10 transcription factor), and SNAI2 (snail homolog 2), with different frequencies. (medscape.com)

Here, we identified regulatory patterns of 16 epigenetic modifications across metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana . (biorxiv.org)
However, compared to developmental processes, knowledge about the epigenetic regulation of metabolism is limited in multicellular organisms. (biorxiv.org)
To determine how metabolism is regulated epigenetically, we first identified regulatory patterns of epigenetic modification across all metabolic domains. (biorxiv.org)
For example, genes associated with energy metabolism showed higher expression levels compared to those involved in specialized metabolism (Fig. S1B). (biorxiv.org)
Age-related gene expression profiles of the short-lived model animals Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster share a common adult-onset expression program of genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism, DNA repair, catabolism, peptidolysis and cellular transport 3 . (nature.com)
Numerous genes transcribed in oocytes are involved in multiple aspects of cell maintenance and protection, including metabolism, signal perception and transduction, RNA processing, cell cycle, defense against pathogens and DNA damage. (biomedcentral.com)

Nail-patella syndrome (NPS) is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with a high degree of penetrance but variable expression. (medscape.com)
WS1 may be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern or may be the result of a de novo mutation. (medscape.com)
The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. (medlineplus.gov)

There was an age-related upregulation in expression of genes involved in synaptogenesis, axonogenesis and neuroprotection suggesting preservation of neuronal processes with age. (nature.com)
Topics: gamete interactions, establishment of body plans, cell signaling and tissue interactions, morphogenetic pattern formation, developmental regulation of gene expression, molecular control of tissue specification and diversification, and the evolutionary comparison of developmental processes. (udel.edu)
Prezygotic transcripts included multiple regulators that are most likely involved in developmental processes that take place long after fertilization, such as components of ErbB, hedgehog, notch, retinoid, TGFb, VEGF and Wnt signaling pathways, as well as transcripts involved in the development of nervous system. (biomedcentral.com)
Early ontogeny is associated with dramatic gene expression changes that underlie and determine the developmental processes. (biomedcentral.com)
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism. (lookformedical.com)

However, because these changes are superimposed on individuals that already have a reduced brain volume, especially in the hippocampus, and other developmental abnormalities, such as reduced dendritic arborizations, decreased number of spines, spine atrophy, and abnormalities of spine orientation in pyramidal neurons, this form of AD is not an exact biologic model or a replica of the AD seen in persons without DS. (medscape.com)

Conserved pattern of tangential neuronal migration during forebrain development. (ox.ac.uk)
We uncover and define discrete and distinct gene expression patterns along the dorsoventral axis prior to neuronal sub type specification in the spinal cord. (tu-berlin.de)

The latter seems counterintuitive as it challenges the general belief (i.e., developmental progression mimicking the evolutionary history). (nature.com)

The resulting offset between motor neuron morphology, vertebral patterning and the relative positioning of hind limbs illustrates that the precise orchestration of the Hox-clock in parallel with other ontogenetic pathways places constraints on the evolvability of the body plan. (nih.gov)

These results suggest that, although the same genes may be expressed in the sporophytic tapetal cells and in gametophytic tissues, they are regulated differentially leading to the production of the various contrasting lipidic structures that are assembled together to give rise to a viable, fertile pollen grain. (nih.gov)
Gene expression profiles in animals that exhibit slow aging or negligible senescence may reveal distinct insight into potential mechanisms involved in long-term maintenance of tissues and healthy aging. (nature.com)
Few genes show differential expression with age in tissues (brain, liver and kidney) of naked mole rats and, contrary to other mammals and short-lived model animals, mitochondrial gene expression does not change with age 13 . (nature.com)
Gene expression stability during aging was also observed in tissues of the long-lived giant mole-rat ( Fukomys mechowii ) with a maximum lifespan of more than 20 years 14 . (nature.com)

Further, gene length analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed that the loss of Elp1 mainly impacts the expression of long genes and that by gradually restoring Elongator their expression is progressively rescued. (figshare.com)
We will also review various screens that have detected differentially expressed pituitary lncRNAs associated with changes in reproductive state and those whose expression is found to play a role in gonadotrope-derived nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. (endocrine.org)

Our data suggest that in mES cells promoter methylation represents a unique epigenetic program that complements other regulatory mechanisms to ensure appropriate gene expression. (ca.gov)
High throughput single-cell technologies have paved the way for comprehending the topography of cell states that emerge across developmental time and deciphering molecular mechanisms underlying these transitions. (tu-berlin.de)
of the most critical events which lead to tissue patterning involves mechanisms going beyond single cells. (lu.se)
The epigenetic code is determined by several mechanisms that affect gene expression, the most well-known of which is DNA methylation (See Figure 1). (cdc.gov)

The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is developmental neurologic disorder that involves a broad spectrum of phenotypes and that show complex genetic contribution. (fapesp.br)

When patterns change such as DNA methylation at specific loci, discriminating the phenotypically affected cases from control individuals, this is considered an indication that epigenetic perturbation has taken place that is associated, causally or consequentially, with the phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
We have identified an ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced recessive mouse mutation (Vcc) with a pleiotropic phenotype that includes cardiac, tracheoesophageal, anorectal, anteroposterior patterning defects, exomphalos, hindlimb hypoplasia, a presacral mass, renal and palatal agenesis, and pulmonary hypoplasia. (ox.ac.uk)

The neurons, the NPC and the sperm will be submitted to RNA extraction and the sncRNA will be analyzed through next generation sequencing the sncRNA that show differential expression and that show relevance for this study will be validated by RT-qPCR. (fapesp.br)
These data suggest that there is differential expression of the SRIF gene in different regions of the brain and in the stomach during development. (northwestern.edu)

His Sea urchin research is multidisciplinary, relying on both Embryonic stem cell and Gene regulatory network. (research.com)

The generation of neural diversity is a key question in developmental neurobiology. (illinois.edu)

To see if there are any interactions between epigenetic modifications across metabolic genes, we computed pairwise Pearson's correlation coefficients between the 16 epigenetic modifications based on their relative abundance at each metabolic gene region. (biorxiv.org)
Groups I and II included mainly the epigenetic modifications that activate gene expression. (biorxiv.org)
The enrichment patterns of epigenetic modifications were consistent with expression levels of genes involved in each domain under healthy conditions (Fig. S1A). (biorxiv.org)

The c-myc oncogene, which resides on chromosome 15, was overexpressed, and a gene expression array analysis revealed that another oncogene, Notch-1, was also overexpressed in all tumors. (uni-muenchen.de)
Distal and proximal cis-regulatory elements sense X chromosome dosage and developmental state at the Xist locus. (axonmedchem.com)
The discovery that the APP gene is on the 21st chromosome[23] led to the hypothesis that the early and universal development of AD pathology is due to a third copy of the APP gene. (medscape.com)

Specifically, elevated levels of global genomic methylation have been shown to play a role in the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in many types of cancer (Ehrlich 2002). (uni-muenchen.de)

in contrast, vnd and ind do not overexpand suggesting some additional mechanism acts to refine the dorsal boundaries of these two genes. (tamu.edu)
Thus the model is consistent with the idea that, although the genes involved in pattern propagation in the PSM vary, there is a conserved patterning mechanism across species. (ox.ac.uk)
Epigenetic gene regulation is a proposed mechanism by which early life exposures affect later health outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)

Promoter CpG methylation contributes to ES cell gene regulation in parallel with Oct4/Nanog, PcG complex, and histone H3 K4/K27 trimethylation. (ca.gov)
The Clinical Significance of Dickkopf Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor Gene Family in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. (nih.gov)
The common themes include regulation of gene expression, signal transduction, intracellular trafficking, cell cycle and apoptosis, cell polarity and migration, cell-cell interactions, pattern formation and organ development. (iitkgp.ac.in)
Taken together, we generate a high-resolution atlas of gastrulation and early organo- genesis and perform a comprehensive dissection of the spatiotemporal architecture of complex embryonic structures using high-throughput single-cell technologies, paving the way for the in- vestigation of congenital and developmental disorders. (tu-berlin.de)

Although ASD heritability has been indicated, clear and defined genetic patterns to identify ASD inheritance have not been established so far. (fapesp.br)

However, exposure to MK-801 did not alter the expression of selected key enzymes, suggesting that NMDA receptors do not regulate the biosynthesis of catecholamines via gene expression. (exeter.ac.uk)

In contrast, in developing microspores/pollen grains, maximal expression of the lipid marker genes sad, ear, acp and cyb5 was at the 3-5 mm bud stages, with the SAD and EAR gene products detected in 4-7 mm buds. (nih.gov)
We demonstrate that the zebrafish bozozok (boz) locus is required at the blastula stages for formation of the embryonic shield, the equivalent of the gastrula organizer and expression of multiple organizer-specific genes. (zfin.org)
This analysis indicates that each Otx class is characterized by highly specific and conserved expression features in the presumptive RPE, where Otx1 and Otx2, but not Otx5, are transcribed at optic vesicle stages, in the differentiating neural retina, where Otx2 and Otx5 show a conserved dynamic expression pattern, and in the forming ciliary process, a major site of Otx1 expression. (ox.ac.uk)
We characterized this pattern at different developmental stages, noting that it was always the cells that give rise to the muscle lineage that were the initiators. (uib.no)

Finally, we establish and employ a zygotic perturbation platform to evaluate the importance and role of developmental regulators. (tu-berlin.de)

Although the molecular functions of several key developmental factors are well understood, their exact role in determining these fates remain unclear. (tu-berlin.de)
We define the earliest gene expression patterns in the developing brain, stratifying substructures and molecular boundaries prior to the formation of morphological units during development. (tu-berlin.de)

Patterns of cytosine methylation (also referred to as DNA methylation) are carefully set and preserved during cellular expansion and global methylation levels are well regulated throughout development. (uni-muenchen.de)
Given that FD is caused by a reduction, not loss, of ELP1, we generated two new mouse models by introducing different copy numbers of the human FD ELP1 transgene into the Elp1 knockout mouse (Elp1-/-) and observed that human ELP1 expression rescues embryonic development in a dose dependent manner. (figshare.com)
We found that ELP1 is essential for the expression of genes responsible for nervous system development. (figshare.com)
When SRIF mRNA levels from each stage of development were quantified and normalized by the amount of poly (A) + RNA present at that stage of development, a unique pattern of SRIF gene expression was seen in each region. (northwestern.edu)
Here we found that knockdown of connexin expression, and therefore of gap junction expression, disrupted the coordination of the intercellular calcium wave, and resulted in abnormal development. (uib.no)
Regulation of gene expression plays a central role in embryonic development. (biomedcentral.com)
2005). Finally, negative revealed that SSEA4 is detectable in the early neuroepi- selection strategies have been also developed as an alter- thelium, and its expression decreases as development native method to enrich for NSCs from both adult proceeds. (lu.se)

Our work to generate a phenotypic mouse model for FD headed to the discovery that homozygous deletion of the mouse Elp1 gene leads to embryonic lethality prior to mid-gestation. (figshare.com)

In the tapetum, maximal expression of two marker genes for lipid biosynthesis (sad and ear) occurred at a bud length of 2-3 mm, and the corresponding gene products SAD and EAR were detected by Western blotting in 3-4 mm buds, coinciding with the maximal rates of tapetal lipid accumulation. (nih.gov)
Genes responsible for the biosynthesis of these compounds are wired into a complex network. (biorxiv.org)

Diseases resulting from developmental defects will be discussed. (udel.edu)

while the expression pattern of others is relatively constant and independent of the width of the Dorsal gradient. (tamu.edu)
while the pattern of intermediate neuroblasts defective (ind) remains relatively constant with respect to changes in Dorsal and DV length. (tamu.edu)

and the regulation of the expression of enzyme-coding genes associated with important metabolic pathways. (oregonstate.edu)

These modified residues, termed 5'-methylcytosines, have been discovered more than 50 years ago (Hotchkiss 1948) and have since been shown to play important roles in the regulation of gene expression and in the execution of developmental programs. (uni-muenchen.de)

Across individuals, comparisons could provide tissue-specific disease signatures that provide diagnosis based on hundreds of informative genes. (cnrs.fr)

We identify and characterize continuous gene expression changes influencing tissue patterning along developmental axes. (tu-berlin.de)
patterns that characterize the different lineages. (lu.se)

In demethylated mutant mES cells, we saw upregulation of a subset of X-linked genes and developmental genes that are methylated in wild-type mES cells, but lack either H3K4 and H3K27 trimethylation or association with Polycomb, Oct4, or Nanog. (ca.gov)
genes: Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 (Figure 1 ). (lu.se)

abstract = "Developmental regulation of somatostatin (SRIF) gene expression was studied in five regions of rat brain and in rat stomach. (northwestern.edu)

Anatomy23

Organisms16

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs65

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes99

Disciplines and Occupations4

Information Science8

Health Care3

Body Patterning3

Embryo12

Genetics4

Mice5

Homeobox5

Morphogenesis2

Proteins6

Biology5

Protein15

Embryos7

Genome10

Temporal6

Chromatin6

Methylation patterns2

Transgenic2

Differentiation4

Transcriptional2

Mutations10

Physiology1

Genotype1

Transcription5

Metabolism6

Autosomal3

Processes5

Abnormalities1

Neuronal2

Evolutionary1

Morphology1

Tissues4

Differentially2

Mechanisms4

Autism Spectrum1

Phenotype2

Differential expression2

Embryonic stem1

Neurobiology1

Epigenetic modifications3

Chromosome3

Genomic1

Mechanism3

Cell4

Genetic1

Receptors1

Stages4

Regulators1

Molecular2

Development7

Deletion1

Biosynthesis2

Defects1

Dorsal2

Pathways1

Important roles1

Tissue-specific1

Characterize2

Nanog2

Abstract1