Patients motor cortex. Medical search. Frequent questions

The major targets are granular insular cortex, secondary somatosensory cortex and several cortical areas in the cingulate sulcus. (jneurosci.org)
Because the cingulate motor areas project to the primary motor cortex and to the spinal cord, these observations suggest that the neural substrate exists for the ST system to have an important influence on the cortical control of movement. (jneurosci.org)
RTT patients displayed a significant increase of the excitation index (p = 0.003), as demonstrated by the reduction of short-interval intracortical inhibition and increase of intracortical facilitation, suggesting a shift toward cortical excitation likely due to GABAergic dysfunction. (nih.gov)
TMS is a method that can be used to assess cortical motor function in RTT patients. (nih.gov)
This interhemispheric suppression of cortical activity may have useful implications for our understanding of both basic motor function and rehabilitation of injury or disease. (springer.com)
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a safe and non-invasive brain stimulation technique that alters cortical excitability, and it has been shown that motor cortex tDCS can reduce pain. (uhu.es)
The range of diseases encountered includes seizures, cerebellar dysfunction, cortical dysfunction, and myelopathy, but the association between function of the enzyme and the consequence of the disease is most clear in patients with stiff person syndrome. (medscape.com)
IEI) parameter in characterizing goal-oriented movements with different sensory goals, and demonstrate its use to inform the directional connectivity within the motor cortical network. (biorxiv.org)
Twenty adults (age, 18-28 years) participated in experiment 1 in which we used a scalp landmark for TBS targeting, and 14 adults (age, 18-28 years) participated in experiment 2, in which we aimed to increase TBS effectiveness by utilizing cortical thickness maps to select individualized dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex targets. (tmssolutions.com)
We replicated and strengthened this effect on the reward positivity by targeting dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex regions displaying maximal cortical thickness. (tmssolutions.com)
11C]PiB PET supports reduced cortical fibrillar Ag in Alzheimer's disease patients treated with bapineuzumab. (ncl.ac.uk)
In the 1940s, Canadian neurosurgeon Wilder Penfield performed several operations on epileptic patients in which he removed the cortical tissue responsible for their seizures while the patients were awake under local anaesthesia. (mcgill.ca)
The researchers said: "With 40 million patients worldwide now living with HIV/Aids, detailed biomarkers of [brain] deficits, such as the cortical maps presented here, are increasingly needed to help gauge the success of neuroprotective therapies. (bbc.co.uk)
Some affected individuals have blindness due to impairment of the area of the brain responsible for processing vision, called the occipital cortex (cortical blindness). (medlineplus.gov)

Motor thresholds, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF), and short latency afferent inhibition (SAI) were measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in 29 untreated GTS patients (18 uncomplicated, six with comorbid ADHD, five with comorbid OCD) and 24 healthy subjects. (bmj.com)
Eight patients and eight controls underwent a transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol to study the cerebellar-brain-inhibition (CBI): a conditioning cerebellar stimulus (CCS) was followed 5 ms after by the contralateral motor cortex stimulation (test stimulus: TS). (unipa.it)
In 14 patients with typical RTT, 9 epilepsy control patients, and 11 healthy controls, we applied paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocols to evaluate the excitation index, a biomarker reflecting the contribution of inhibitory and facilitatory circuits in M1. (nih.gov)
Our purpose was to explore the motor cortex organization after progressive peripheral nerve injury and upper- limb dysfunction induced by leprosy using noninvasive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). (bvsalud.org)
showed that using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) that the excitable cortex of the affected cortex in adults patients with HCP doubled in size after 12 days of therapy. (wikipedia.org)
Anodal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to be an effective non-invasive brain stimulation method for improving cognitive and motor functioning in patients with neurological deficits. (surrey.ac.uk)
In patients who underwent electrocortical stimulation (ECS) mapping of speech function during craniotomy while awake, the sites with speech function were compared with the locations of activation found during fMR imaging of word generation. (ajnr.org)
Finally, we also studied the agreement with results of electrocortical stimulation (ECS) mapping from subsequent craniotomy, obtained while the patient was awake, if available. (ajnr.org)
Further studies including longer follow-up periods, more representative patient samples and individualized stimulation protocols are required to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of tDCS for improving limb symptoms in these patients. (uhu.es)
In a small trial, deep brain stimulation plus physical therapy helped improve upper limb function in some patients who had impaired movement after a stroke. (nih.gov)
The results of the study found that deep brain stimulation, paired with physical therapy, improved movement in patients who were more than a year out from their stroke and whose motor improvements had largely plateaued," Baker says. (nih.gov)
Cerebellar deep brain stimulation for chronic post-stroke motor rehabilitation: a phase I trial. (nih.gov)
That subjects would hear the phonemes exactly as they are presented acoustically despite motor stimulation? (talkingbrains.org)
Yes, this is a very nice finding, and yes it does show that motor stimulation can influence speech perception. (talkingbrains.org)
Approach In this study, 8 essential tremor patients undergoing an awake deep brain stimulation (DBS) implantation surgery repetitively touched the clinician's finger (forward visually-guided/FV movement) and then one's own chin (backward proprioceptively-guided/BP movement). (biorxiv.org)
While the facilitatory and inhibitory effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) and continuous TBS (cTBS) protocols have been well documented on motor physiology, the action of TBS protocols on prefrontal functioning remain unclear. (tmssolutions.com)
While these results are inconsistent with reported TBS effects on motor cortex, the present findings offer a novel transcranial magnetic stimulation targeting approach and normative insights into the magnitude and time course of TBS-induced changes in aMCC excitability. (tmssolutions.com)
The primary objective for his dissertation research is to validate High Definition transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the motor cortex as a potential clinical method to improve speech and hand movement in patients with Parkinson's disease. (sc.edu)
Using High Definition transcranial Direct Current Stimulation could prove to be a novel method for improving motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease. (sc.edu)

Motor threshold (MT) of the FDS muscle was higher in both hemispheres in patients as compared to controls, and lower in the hemisphere contralateral to the MAH when compared to that of the LAH. (bvsalud.org)
In the present study we examined whether tDCS over the contralateral motor cortex enhances learning of grip-force output in a visually guided feedback task in young and neurologically healthy volunteers. (surrey.ac.uk)
Twenty minutes of 1 mA anodal tDCS were applied over the primary motor cortex (M1) contralateral to the dominant (right) hand, during the first half of a 40 min power-grip task. (surrey.ac.uk)
Moreover, the volume of negative BOLD in ipsilateral cortex was highly correlated with volume of positive BOLD activity in the contralateral primary motor cortex. (springer.com)
These findings show that the negative BOLD signal can be reliably evoked in unimanual task paradigms, and that the signal dynamic could represent an active suppression of the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex originating from the contralateral motor areas. (springer.com)
Patients with Brown-Séquard syndrome suffer from ipsilateral upper motor neuron paralysis and loss of proprioception, as well as contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation. (medscape.com)

Classically, the spinothalamic (ST) system has been viewed as the major pathway for transmitting nociceptive and thermoceptive information to the cerebral cortex. (jneurosci.org)
The spinothalamic (ST) system has long been known to be a major route for transmitting information about pain, temperature and perhaps the state of internal organs to the cerebral cortex ( Craig, 2003 ). (jneurosci.org)
Past attempts to trace this pathway from the spinal cord through the thalamus and then, to the cerebral cortex have encountered a number of technical and conceptual difficulties. (jneurosci.org)
Here we used anterograde transneuronal transport of the H129 strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) to trace the disynaptic pathway that transmits information from the spinal cord via the thalamus to the cerebral cortex. (jneurosci.org)
Traditionally, CIMT involves restraining the unaffected arm in patients with hemiparetic stroke or hemiparetic cerebral palsy (HCP) for 90% of waking hours while engaging the affected limb in a range of everyday activities However, given concerns with compliance (both among patients and clinicians), reimbursement, and patient safety, studies have varied on hours of restraint per day and length of therapy. (wikipedia.org)
Cerebral Cortex, 23 (6), 1362-1377. (springer.com)
We retrospectively reviewed 34 patients with cerebral lesions who were referred for fMR imaging language mapping between January 1999 and July 2000. (ajnr.org)
Cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is correlated with pathologic and radiographic changes in the cerebral cortex beyond the motor regions. (medscape.com)
Primary multiple temporal cystic lesion, minimally en- human infection are E. granulosus and cerebral hydatid cysts are quite unu- hanced after contrast. (who.int)
It has mainly been considered a movement disorder with cognitive symptoms and these features have been associated with pathology of the striatum and cerebral cortex. (lu.se)

This particularly important with respect to motor function given that it is fairly well-established that, in younger adults, the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex exhibits negative BOLD during unimanual movements in fMRI. (springer.com)
However, to date, we are aware of no study that has tested the reliability of evoked negative BOLD in ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex in individuals across sessions. (springer.com)
The current study employs a unimanual finger opposition task previously shown to evoke negative BOLD in ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex across three sessions. (springer.com)
Functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed using a 1.5-tesla MR system to localize sensorimotor cortex. (ox.ac.uk)
Three patients had focal refractory seizures secondary to a lesion impinging on sensorimotor cortex. (ox.ac.uk)
Functional MR imaging provides a useful noninvasive method of localization and functional assessment of sensorimotor cortex. (ox.ac.uk)
Since variability in spontaneous functional connectivity in our study reflects ecological behaviour, we propose that inter-hemispheric symmetry, typically observed in resting sensorimotor networks, depends on coordinated motor behaviour in daily life. (elifesciences.org)

Stem-cell transplantation into the frontal motor cortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. (cellsurgicalnetwork.com)
RESULTS: The autologous transplantation of CD133(+) stem cells into the frontal motor cortex is a safe and well-tolerated procedure in ALS patients. (cellsurgicalnetwork.com)
In 31 of 34 patients, activation was identified in the inferior frontal gyri or middle frontal gyri or both in Brodmann areas 9, 44, 45, or 46, unilaterally or bilaterally, with one or more of the tasks. (ajnr.org)
Patients with motor neuron disease (MND) are generally free of cognitive impairment, but evidence is growing to support an association between MND and frontal lobe or frontotemporal dementia (FTD). (medscape.com)
It is characterized by pyramidal cell loss in the frontal and temporal lobes and degeneration of motor neurons in the hypoglossal nucleus and spinal motor neurons. (medscape.com)
Signs and symptoms reflect frontal and temporal lobe dysfunction with lower motor neuron-type weakness, muscle atrophy, and fasciculations. (medscape.com)
This is in contrast with evidence from the aphasia literature, where it had been known for a long time that aphasia, even if its underlying lesion is restricted to the frontal cortex, is a general multimodal deficit affecting both the production of speech and its perception and comprehension [7]. (talkingbrains.org)
In those with the disorder, researchers also observed poor connections between the amygdala and the pre-frontal cortex, which could contribute to problems with impulse control and goal-directed behaviors. (newideas.net)
The ADHD group initially had a thinner cortex, most prominently in frontal areas that control attention and motor activity. (newideas.net)

Next, the team removed a portion of the visual cortex in 46 rats, before transferring the organoids to these damaged cortices. (newscientist.com)
In another part of the experiment, the researchers compared the rats that had transplanted organoids with those that had no visual cortex damage. (newscientist.com)
Haldoperidol blocks amphetamine induced recovery of binocular depth perception after bilateral visual cortex abilities in the cat. (ahrp.org)

A single DBS lead is implanted into the cerebellum, with nerve fibers extending from the implant region through the thalamus and into the motor cortex. (nih.gov)
The limbic system allows for complex interactions between the cortex, the thalamus, the hypothalamus, and the brainstem. (medscape.com)

If further confirmed, these findings suggest a reduced cerebellar modulation of motor cortex excitability in patients with focal dystonia. (unipa.it)
Our findings support the introduction of TMS measures in clinical and research settings to monitor the progression of motor deficit and response to treatment. (nih.gov)
Electromyographic findings suggest reduced pharyngeal muscles and lingualis motility in patients with ischemic stroke ( 12 , 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
These findings suggest that multiple sessions of atDCS are a safe intervention for improving upper limb pain and spasticity in stroke patients, although the inter-individual variability is a limitation of the results. (uhu.es)

Here we explored, the cerebellar modulation of motor cortex in patients with focal upper limb dystonia. (unipa.it)
Constraint-induced movement therapy (CI, CIT, or CIMT) is a form of rehabilitation therapy that improves upper extremity function in stroke and other central nervous system damage patients by increasing the use of their affected upper limb. (wikipedia.org)
The aim of this pilot study was to explore the effect of multiple anodal tDCS (atDCS) sessions on upper limb pain and spasticity of stroke patients, using a within-subject, crossover, sham-controlled design. (uhu.es)

For patients with MSA, activity decreased in the primary motor cortex as well as the supplementary motor area and the superior cerebellum. (nih.gov)
The premotor area and the supplementary motor area are located just anterior to the primary motor cortex. (mcgill.ca)

The major sites containing labeled neurons include granular insular cortex (Ig), secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) and several regions buried within the cingulate sulcus. (jneurosci.org)
BACKGROUND AIMS: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the selective death of motor neurons. (cellsurgicalnetwork.com)
Protect the upper motor neurons controlling muscle function and meaningfully improve the quality of life for ALS patients. (ca.gov)
Lab-grown neurons were transplanted into the brains of rats with damaged visual cortexes. (newscientist.com)
Human neurons have been integrated into the brains of adult rats with damaged visual cortices and have even taken over some of the functions of the organs' visual system. (newscientist.com)
Isaac Chen at the University of Pennsylvania and his colleagues wondered if transplanting a clump of lab-grown neurons, called organoids, into the brains of rats with damaged visual cortices would restore any of the area's function. (newscientist.com)
Pyramidal neurons in the premotor cortex usually are preserved. (medscape.com)
Data now suggest that delocalization, accumulation, and ubiquitination of TDP-43 in the cytoplasm of motor neurons are early dysfunctions in the cascade of the events leading to motor neuron degeneration in ALS. (medscape.com)
PD has been traditionally considered as a pure movement disorder secondary to focal degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, but, in recent years, the clinical phenotype has been better illuminated, showing that PD is a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder with motor and nonmotor features (Table 1 ) [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Among motor symptoms and signs, the cardinal ones (bradykinesia, rest tremor, and rigidity) are mainly ascribed to the loss of dopaminergic neurons [ 4 ], but those involving posture, balance, and gait are largely secondary to degeneration of nondopaminergic pathways and significantly contribute to impairment and disability in advanced PD patients [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Below the cortex are axons, which are long fibers that emanate from and connect neurons. (medscape.com)

In one animal we used retrograde transport of a conventional tracer from the ventral premotor area (PMv) to identify the motor areas in the cingulate sulcus. (jneurosci.org)

Studies on implicit learning and movement planning in healthy humans and patients with movement disorders. (uni-goettingen.de)

We know skill learning, for example, depends upon areas within your motor system, so the little tiny bit at the back of the brain called the cerebellum. (thenakedscientists.com)
Decades of animal studies have shown that the dentate nucleus is a key connector that helps link the cerebellum to the motor cortex, which controls voluntary movements. (nih.gov)

Balint syndrome appears to be perceptual-motor dysfunction that affects the heteromodal cortex of bilateral dorsal occipitoparietal areas. (msdmanuals.com)

Genetically engineered stem cells will be transplanted into the motor cortex, an area of the brain responsible for voluntary movements. (ca.gov)
To date, less is known on the effects of gross motor movements that do not fall into the category of sports-related aerobic or anaerobic exercise. (frontiersin.org)
Less is known on the effects of gross motor movements on the cognitive system that do not fall into the categorization of aerobic or anaerobic exercise. (frontiersin.org)
Background Goal-directed movements involve integrating proprioceptive and visuo-motor information. (biorxiv.org)
Objective The study aims to characterize movements with different sensory goals, by contrasting the neural activity involved in processing proprioceptive and visuo-motor information. (biorxiv.org)
Reaching to press an elevator button (visual goal) and reaching to scratch one's face (proprioceptive goal) are movements that involve different sensory-motor processes. (biorxiv.org)
In one study, stroke patients put through a walking program could walk better and faster afterward, and the repetitive movements also activated areas of their brain. (latimes.com)
When he stimulated the patients' primary motor cortex in this way, their corresponding limbs moved, but the patients reported that these movements were involuntary and not intentional. (mcgill.ca)
These experiments thus clearly showed that the voluntary aspect of such movements does not depend on the primary motor cortex. (mcgill.ca)
And finally there is the cortex , which is of crucial importance for all forms of perception and all control of voluntary movements . (mcgill.ca)

The cingulate motor areas in the monkey project directly to the primary motor cortex and to the spinal cord. (jneurosci.org)
Transneuronal transport of H129 from the spinal cord in this animal demonstrated that each of the cingulate motor areas receives ST input. (jneurosci.org)
In its current version, the model posits that when planning a movement, a motor command is sent down the spinal cord, and a duplicate motor command (termed efference copy) is sent to the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) to predict the afferent consequence of one's self-generated movement, thus allowing for a faster and precise control. (biorxiv.org)
Medical Cannabis has also been found to decrease the intensity of painful muscle spasms in patients with spinal cord injuries and MS. The Terpene myrcene also aids THC action through the Entourage Effect. (myzeo.com)

This study examines whether motor cortex excitability differs between uncomplicated GTS patients and those complicated by ADHD or OCD. (bmj.com)
GTS with ADHD comorbidity is associated with more extensive changes in the excitability of motor cortex circuits than uncomplicated GTS or GTS+OCD. (bmj.com)
Clinical focus on movement disorders, studies on motor cortex excitability in movement and speech disorders. (uni-goettingen.de)

In a cross-sectional study design, we mapped bilaterally in the primary motor cortex (M1) the representations of the hand flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), as well as of the intrinsic hand muscles abductor pollicis brevis (APB), first dorsal interosseous (FDI) and abductor digiti minimi (ADM). (bvsalud.org)

Motor impairment, assessed by ad hoc clinical scales, was correlated with neurophysiological metrics. (nih.gov)
All participants underwent clinical assessment, handgrip dynamometry and motor and sensory nerve conduction exams 30 days before mapping. (bvsalud.org)
Due to its high duration of treatment, the therapy has been found to frequently be infeasible when attempts have been made to apply it to clinical situations, and both patients and treating clinicians have reported poor compliance and concerns with patient safety. (wikipedia.org)
This appeared to be a good compromise between identifying as many patients as possible in the clinical context and substantially reducing the high level of false-positive diagnoses associated with the 1994 IASP criteria. (medscape.com)
The criteria are given here in hopes that higher specificity for the identification of CRPS will enhance research into the pathoetiology of this disorder without creating a reduced, or even harmful, rate of clinical diagnosis that could deny affected patients access to treatment. (medscape.com)
Clinical trials for Parkinson's disease have long relied on observing whether a therapy improves patients' symptoms, but such studies reveal little about how the treatment affects the underlying progressive neurodegeneration. (nih.gov)
Monti explained that scanning brain activity of patients who are aware but can't move in the way they did in this study, could be used to address important clinical problems, for instance doctors could ask if they are feeling pain, so they can decide which painkillers to give them. (medicalnewstoday.com)

In our study we show exactly that, for this to happen, activity in the motor system needs to be consistent with the information reaching the temporal lobes. (talkingbrains.org)
As this happens, in spite of the obvious fact that the ears are indeed not attached to the motor system, we concluded that motor systems interact with superior-temporal cortex in the speech perception process. (talkingbrains.org)
First, no one doubts (that I know of) that the motor system can interact with superior temporal cortex. (talkingbrains.org)
One may conceptualize the underlying mechanisms as similar to attentional influences, stemming from the bidirectional feedback and feedforward connections [1] between superior-temporal and motor systems, and leading to an enhancement of superior-temporal activation as a consequence of the joint system they encompass [2]. (talkingbrains.org)

Leprosy is an endemic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that predominantly attacks the skin and peripheral nerves , leading to progressive impairment of motor, sensory and autonomic function. (bvsalud.org)
Similar tasks were used for each imaging modality in an attempt to activate and identify the sensory and motor cortex. (ox.ac.uk)
Data from all three modalities converged for the sensory task, and fMRI and PET data converged for the motor task. (ox.ac.uk)
MND, as the name suggests, is a pure motor disorder without any significant evidence of sensory symptoms, extraocular movement disturbances, bladder and bowel dysfunction, or cognitive impairment. (medscape.com)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of sensory and motor cortex: comparison with electrophysiological localization. (ox.ac.uk)
An increased MR signal was observed in or near the central sulcus, consistent with the location of primary sensory and motor cortex. (ox.ac.uk)
Four patients were studied using echo planar imaging sequences and motor and sensory tasks. (ox.ac.uk)
Although the neural correlates of such information processing are known, the details of how sensory-motor integration occurs are still largely unknown. (biorxiv.org)
This method successfully characterizes different movement types, while providing interpretations to the sensory-motor integration processes. (biorxiv.org)
Nevertheless, the details of how sensory motor integration is made to execute the self-generated movement in the context of these models are still largely unknown. (biorxiv.org)
When someone does relaxation-based meditation, these two phenomena tend to become disassociated: he or she has less of a feeling of conscious motor control but a heightened awareness of sensory experience. (mcgill.ca)
Compared with 14 healthy controls, the Aids patients had 10-15% thinner brain regions, including areas called the primary sensory, motor and premotor cortices, regardless of whether they were taking anti-HIV drugs or not. (bbc.co.uk)

For the study, they used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to scan the brains of 54 patients for specific activation of blood-oxygenation- level-dependent responses to being asked to perform well-known mental imagery tasks. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The fMRI technique they used in this study was a further development of one they first used with a patient in a vegetative state in a study they published three years ago. (medicalnewstoday.com)
One of the 3 responsive patients was able to use the technique to answer "yes" or "no" to questions during the fMRI, however "it remained impossible to establish any form of communication at the bedside", wrote the authors. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The fMRI showed that patient's brain became active in the pre-motor cortex, the part that deals with movement. (medicalnewstoday.com)

tDCS over motor cortex (M1), for instance, facilitates motor learning in stroke patients. (surrey.ac.uk)
The primary aim of the current study was to assess the effects of oropharingeal muscle exercises in obstruction severity on stroke patients with OSAS. (frontiersin.org)
Fifty post-stroke patients with moderate OSAS were randomly assigned into 2 groups (25 in each group). (frontiersin.org)
Hence, oropharyngeal muscle exercise is a promising alternative treatment strategy for stroke patients with moderate OSAS. (frontiersin.org)
Based on previous studies, 57% of stroke patients suffer from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in rehabilitation units ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Stroke patients frequently suffer from chronic limb pain, but well-suited treatment approaches have been not established so far. (uhu.es)
Some data also suggest that spasticity may be improved by tDCS in post-stroke patients. (uhu.es)
In stroke patients Haldol and other antipsychotics and central nervous system depressants have been shown to delay and impede.recovery. (ahrp.org)

Neural electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings from the motor (M1), somatosensory (S1), and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) were obtained and band-pass filtered in the gamma range (30-80Hz). (biorxiv.org)
For example, patients with somatosensory agnosia have difficulty identifying a familiar object (eg, key, safety pin) that is placed in their hand on the side of the body opposite the damage. (msdmanuals.com)
Lastly, to investigate how somatosensory input is affecting motor circuits, we have recorded activity of the whole CBT-loop in rats before and after extensive skilled forelimb reaching and grasping training. (lu.se)

Worldwide, frontotemporal lobe dementia with motor neuron disease (FTD/MND) is a sporadic condition with an unknown etiology. (medscape.com)

Researchers in the UK and Belgium who scanned the brains of patients in a vegetative or minimally conscious state while they were asked to perform mental tasks found that some of them were able to control brain activity in a way that suggested signs of awareness and cognition, and in one case, the patient was even able to communicate "yes" and "no" via the brain scan. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In my opinion, this drug should not be used in older surgical and medical patients, especially those with abnormal brains. (ahrp.org)
Compared with healthy people without the virus, the brains of the Aids patients studied were 15% thinner. (bbc.co.uk)
Dr Paul Thompson, from the University of California, Los Angeles, along with colleagues from the University of Pittsburgh, used 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to see what was going on in the brains of 26 patients with Aids. (bbc.co.uk)

After informed consent was obtained, patients underwent Hidrogen-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (H-MRI) spectroscopy and were given scores according to an ALS functional rating scale, Medical Research Council power muscle scale and daily living activities. (cellsurgicalnetwork.com)
3 of the 5 patients revealed signs of awareness when they underwent further bedside tests. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Among patients who also underwent category or antonym word generation or both, the similarity of the activation from each task was assessed with the CR. (ajnr.org)
In patients who underwent craniotomy while awake, speech areas located with ECS coincided with areas of the brain activated during a word-generation task. (ajnr.org)
The commonest sites for cysts are infecting the brain after bypassing the The patient underwent a crani- the liver (59%-75%), followed in fre- liver and lungs [8,9]. (who.int)

One of the methods they used in the study was to ask the patient to imagine doing something like "playing tennis" when the correct answer was spoken. (medicalnewstoday.com)

However, the literature on anodal tDCS effects on motor learning in healthy participants is inconclusive, and the effects of tDCS on visuo-motor integration are not well understood. (surrey.ac.uk)
These null effects, together with similar reports for other types of motor tasks, lead to the proposition that tDCS facilitation of motor learning might be restricted to cases or situations where the motor system is challenged, such as motor deficits, advanced age, or very high task demand. (surrey.ac.uk)
In two of the patients, pain was completely relieved and markedly reduced, respectively, only after verum tDCS. (uhu.es)
Electrifying discourse: Anodal tDCS of the primary motor cortex selectively reduces action appraisal in naturalistic narratives. (ull.es)
La estimulación transcraneal con corriente directa (tDCS en inglés) es una nova técnica que es una herramienta terapéutica y diagnóstica muy prometedora. (bvsalud.org)
Utilizando las directrices PRISMA, se realizó una revisión para ver la evidencia científica para el uso de tDCS en TEA. (bvsalud.org)
Sin embargo, a pesar de la eficacia de tDCS, algunas divergencias metodológicas se observaron entre los estudios, lo que lleva a la necesidad de estudios bien diseñados y controlados para confirmar el verdadero potencial de tDCS en TEA. (bvsalud.org)

Takeda et al have shown that ALS pathology initiated by cytoplasmic inclusions and neuronal loss in layer II-III of the transentorhinal cortex (TEC)-molecular dentate gyrus (DG) projection and subiculum is specific to ALS. (medscape.com)

Here, they reveal how Aids impacts the brain and may also help identify early changes in neurologically asymptomatic patients with HIV who might benefit most from neuroprotective agents. (bbc.co.uk)

Multiple imaging modalities have been used to study the airway passage and have demonstrated anatomical differences between patients with and without OSAS for physiologic dysfunction of muscles ( 10 , 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
Progressive dementia with symptoms of executive dysfunction, personality change, and motor weakness leads to severe morbidity. (medscape.com)
The present review will focus on classical notions and recent insights into the neuropathology, neuropharmacology, and neurophysiology of motor dysfunction of PD. (hindawi.com)

Motor impairment constitutes the core diagnostic feature of RTT. (nih.gov)
Dynamometry performance of the patients ' most affected hand (MAH), was worse than that of the less affected hand (LAH) and of healthy controls participants (p = 0.031), confirming handgrip impairment. (bvsalud.org)
Evidence of impairment can clinically be seen in almost half of patients through direct neuropsychological testing, but frank FTD occurs in a limited percentage of patients. (medscape.com)
Patients with multiple impairments can be unaware of one impairment but fully aware of others. (msdmanuals.com)

The conclusion of the diagnosis made at this time affirms: "It was evident that the patient was suffering from an organic lesion situated in the upper part of the Rolandic region, involving the cortex itself or lying just below it. (wikisource.org)

Brain regions (blue, purple) where children with ADHD have a thinner cortex are part of circuitry that controls attention and motor activity. (newideas.net)

1996-1997 Visiting fellow in the Human Motor Control Section, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA (Prof. M. Hallett). (uni-goettingen.de)
Early use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) appears to accelerate neurological recovery and delay cardiovascular events in patients with ischemic stroke ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
old neurological models [4, but see 5 for a critical historical commentary], and equally the proposal by Hickok [6], have denied a necessary role of the motor system in speech perception. (talkingbrains.org)
However, there is critical gap and lack of knowledge on how we can ameliorate these impairments for patients with Parkinson's disease and other neurological conditions. (sc.edu)
He added: "The increased survival of patients with HIV, due mostly to HAART, has placed greater emphasis on long-term issues affecting quality of life, such as neurological disease. (bbc.co.uk)

We aimed to understand neurobiological mechanisms underlying motor deficit by assessing in vivo synaptic plasticity and E/I balance in the primary motor cortex (M1). (nih.gov)
Previous research has found reduced activity in the primary motor cortex of Parkinson's patients, but this study demonstrates that this deficit continues to worsen over time. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, aphasic patients generally exhibit abnormalities in speech perception [9], especially a deficit in phoneme identification, in tasks such as the one used in our study [10]. (talkingbrains.org)
Patients with anosognosia may deny their motor deficit, insisting that nothing is wrong even when one side of their body is completely paralyzed. (msdmanuals.com)

CONCLUSIONS: Stem-cell transplantation in the motor cortex delays ALS progression and improves quality of life. (cellsurgicalnetwork.com)
The fact that non-motor features are present early in the disease and that they show an association to disease progression suggest that unravelling the underlying neurobiological mechanisms may uncover novel targets for early disease intervention and better symptomatic treatment. (lu.se)

Comparison of functional magnetic resonance imaging with positron emission tomography and magnetoencephalography to identify the motor cortex in a patient with an arteriovenous malformation. (ox.ac.uk)
Functional MR (fMR) imaging of word generation has been used to map Broca's area in some patients selected for craniotomy. (ajnr.org)
Despite various pharmacological approaches, as well as more invasive strategies including devices and functional neurosurgery, being available to manage such complications, many patients remain significantly disabled, and a fully satisfying management of motor complications is still an unmet need of PD therapy [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)

Our meta-analysis of imaging studies indicates that the human equivalents of the three cingulate motor areas also correspond to sites of pain-related activation. (jneurosci.org)
A small proportion of patients in a vegetative or minimally conscious state have brain activation reflecting some awareness and cognition. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Activation was noted in the same gyri when the patient performed a second iteration of the letter word-generation task or second task. (ajnr.org)
For each patient, we tabulated the location of activation from a word-generation task. (ajnr.org)
In patients 3, 5, and 19, in whom no activation was identified at a threshold of P = .001, multiple thresholds were used without the identification of activation. (ajnr.org)

In children with the best outcomes, an area of the cortex associated with attention (right parietal cortex) had increased thickness and resembled that of healthy peers by follow-up. (newideas.net)

The remaining 2 patients, however, showed no voluntary behaviour that could be detected clinically. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Participants who had retained some level of motor function in the hand had clinically significant improvement. (nih.gov)

I finally searched for a neurosurgeon to implant a motor cortex stimulator. (physiotherapy.ca)

Secondary outcomes included recovery of motor and neurocognitive function, personal activities of daily living assessment (ADL), sleep quality and sleepiness scale. (frontiersin.org)
Intermediate and advanced PD stages are characterized by motor fluctuations and dyskinesia, which depend on complex mechanisms secondary to severe nigrostriatal loss and to the problems related to oral levodopa absorption, and motor and nonmotor symptoms and signs that are secondary to marked dopaminergic loss and multisystem neurodegeneration with damage to nondopaminergic pathways. (hindawi.com)

A paralyzed ALS patient uses a brain implant to steer a computer cursor to various targets. (ieee.org)

Participants with Parkinson's showed reduced responses in 2 brain regions called the putamen and the primary motor cortex. (nih.gov)

The important role of dopamine is particularly evident in Parkinson's patients, where dopaminergic cells are dying and motor impairments follow. (lu.se)

They first cultured human stem cells , which can develop into many different types of cells, for 80 days so that they formed a three-dimensional tissue culture of brain cortex cells. (newscientist.com)
Before removing any tissue, Penfield applied electrical stimuli to various locations in the cortex so that he could be sure not to remove areas involved in important functions such as speech. (mcgill.ca)
This tissue loss shown up by the brain mapping correlated with the cognitive and motor deficits that the Aids patients displayed on a battery of brain function tests. (bbc.co.uk)

The right hemisphere motor strip was localized adjacent and anterior to the AVM. (ox.ac.uk)
Here we asked whether iTBS or cTBS can differentially modulate reward-related signaling in the anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC). (tmssolutions.com)

Not only did these scans tell us that the patient was not in a vegetative state, but more importantly, for the first time in 5 years it provided the patient with a way of communicating his thoughts to the outside world," he added. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Importantly, individuals with the mutant huntingtin gene suffer from a spectrum of non-motor features often decades before the motor disorder manifests. (lu.se)

Breast cancer polygenic risk scores: a 12-month prospective study of patient reported outcomes and risk management behavior. (cdc.gov)

There is no surgical treatment for FTD/MND, but consider gastrostomy tube feeding for patients with severe bulbar symptoms, severe dysphagia, and relatively mild dementia and limb weakness. (medscape.com)
There are a number of symptomatic drugs for PD motor signs, but the pharmacological resources for nonmotor signs and symptoms are limited, and rehabilitation may contribute to their treatment. (hindawi.com)
The glossary of the main motor and nonmotor symptoms and signs in Parkinson's disease. (hindawi.com)
Pharmacological therapy is based on levodopa and dopamine agonists and is very successful in the early stages of the disease, when dopaminergic symptoms and signs are predominant and long term motor complications still have not developed, but other treatment strategies are almost invariably necessary as time passes [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Also, at the end of today's session, participants will be able to apply CDC Zika laboratory testing algorithms when determining which patients with relevant travel history, possible Zika virus exposure, or Zika symptoms, should receive testing. (cdc.gov)

Age and hemispheric differences in transcallosal inhibition between motor cortices: an ispsilateral silent period study. (springer.com)

As a result of the patient engaging in repetitive exercises with the affected limb, the brain grows new neural pathways. (wikipedia.org)
Understanding the impact of SNPs associated with autism spectrum disorder on biological pathways in the human fetal and adult cortex. (cdc.gov)

Researchers measured brain activity in patients with Parkinson's disease and 2 Parkinson's-like disorders over a year. (nih.gov)
The team enrolled 46 patients with Parkinson's disease, 13 with MSA, 19 with PSP, and 34 healthy controls. (nih.gov)
Cardinal motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD) include bradykinesia, rest tremor, and rigidity, which appear in the early stages of the disease and largely depend on dopaminergic nigrostriatal denervation. (hindawi.com)
Johari will use the scholarship to extend a current project focusing on the effects of neurostimulation on speech and hand movement function in patients with Parkinson's disease. (sc.edu)
The underlying mechanisms of impaired speech and hand movement have been extensively studied in patients with Parkinson's Disease," Johari explains. (sc.edu)

EEG oscillatory patterns indicate beneficial effects of dynamic office environments on attentional and vigilance performance that are mediated by increased motor activity. (frontiersin.org)
OSAS is associated with lower cognitive ability ( 3 ), motor ability ( 4 ), and daily activity ( 5 ) in patients admitted for stroke rehabilitation. (frontiersin.org)
5 of the patients were able wilfully to modulate their brain activity. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The scan showed that the patient could wilfully change his brain activity to communicate his answers. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Absence of post-learning motor activity effects on memory for motor-related words. (ull.es)
Electromyography (EMG) can be used to show characteristic continuous motor unit activity with normal morphology, which is especially prominent in the paraspinal muscles. (medscape.com)
Simultaneous continuous motor activity is noted in opposing muscles. (medscape.com)
Researchers expected to see most activity in the cortex, which governs motor skills, but instead much activity was seen in the subcortical region, which, says lead author Dr. Andreas Luft, "has some role in walking, but maybe we've underestimated it. (latimes.com)

The isolated cells (2.5-7.5×10(5)) were resuspended in 300 microL of the patient's cerebrospinal fluid, and implanted in motor cortexes using a Hamilton syringe. (cellsurgicalnetwork.com)

Anatomy71

Organisms12

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs13

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Psychiatry and Psychology36

Phenomena and Processes50

Disciplines and Occupations4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science7

Health Care2

Cortical14

Stimulation19

Contralateral6

Cerebral10

Sensorimotor7

Frontal9

Visual cortex3

Thalamus2

Findings4

Upper limb3

Supplementary moto2

Neurons11

Premotor area1

Humans1

Cerebellum2

Bilateral1

Movements10

Spinal cord4

Excitability3

Dorsal1

Clinical7

Temporal4

Sensory12

FMRI4

Stroke patients8

Somatosensory3

Etiology1

Brains4

Underwent5

Methods1

TDCS7

Neuronal1

Neurologically1

Dysfunction3

Impairment4

Lesion1

Thinner1

Neurological5

Deficit4

Progression2

Functional3

Activation5

Thickness1

Clinically2

Neurosurgeon1

Secondary2

Implant1

Responses1

Impairments1

Tissue3

Anterior2

Importantly2

Outcomes1

Symptoms5

Inhibition1

Pathways2

Parkinson's Disease5

Activity8

Patient's1