Patients macrophages alveolar. Medical search. Frequent questions

We found that bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 11 patients with idiopathic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (IPAP) suppressed the growth of peripheral blood monocytes and TF-1 cells, a cell line dependent on either GM-CSF or interleukin-3 (IL-3). (wiley.com)
Lipid-laden alveolar macrophages, also known as pulmonary foam cells, are cells found in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens that consist of macrophages containing deposits of lipids (fats). (wikipedia.org)
Several reports have shown a slight increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) IL-8 in patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) and sarcoidosis (SAR), but the source of the IL-8 has not been clarified. (elsevierpure.com)
A number of previous publications have demonstrated the upregulation of TNF-α in a variety of contexts including bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid protein, macrophage protein secretion and macrophage TNF messenger ribonucleic acid content 9 - 16 . (ersjournals.com)
Both techniques have been used to measure iron in alveolar macrophages gathered by bronchoalveolar lavage. (ersjournals.com)
To evaluate the role of alveolar macrophages in modulating the migration of neutrophils to he lung in IPF, alveolar macrophages, obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with IPF, were evaluated for their ability to release a chemotactic factor for neutrophils. (jci.org)
First, immune complexes stimulated normal macrophages to release the factor.Second, there was a significant correlation between the release of the chemotactic factor by IPF alveolar macrophages and the levels of immune complexes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. (jci.org)
Third, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid containing immune complexes stimulated normal macrophages to release the factor. (jci.org)
Rituximab treatment decreased anti-GM-CSF antibody levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and 7/9 patients completing the trial demonstrated clinical improvement as measured by arterial blood oxygenation. (ecu.edu)

Antibody blockade of SIRPα restored phagocytosis in monocytes of critically ill patients in vitro, which suggests a potential strategy to prevent hospital-acquired pneumonia. (nature.com)
A greater number of alveolar macrophages produced TNF-α compared to autologous monocytes in sarcoidosis but not in controls and, based on cell size, it was confirmed that this was the product of more mature macrophages and that the secretion of TNF-α by monocytes and macrophages was heterogeneous: not all monocytes and macrophages secrete TNF-α. (ersjournals.com)
No differences in the average levels of TNF-α secretion by peripheral blood monocytes or alveolar macrophages were observed. (ersjournals.com)
Mean iron content of blood monocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils of eight healthy subjects was significantly lower than that of alveolar macrophages. (ersjournals.com)
The chemotactic factor released by IPF alveolar macrophages was of low molecular weight (400-600), at least partially lipid in nature, and preferentially attracted neutrophils compared with monocytes. (jci.org)
Our results showed that miR-486-5p was significantly up-regulated in the COPD and smoker groups compared to the control group based on bioinformatics analysis and qPCR validation of alveolar macrophages and peripheral monocytes. (researchsquare.com)

2B receptor interference in type II alveolar epithelial cells, endothelial cells and M2 macrophages. (lu.se)
Many functional outputs of alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and lung epithelial cells have not been fully explored in the context of e-cigarette exposure and the underlying driving mechanisms are poorly understood. (birmingham.ac.uk)
This review discusses current evidence surrounding the effects of e-cigarettes on alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and lung epithelial cells with particular focus on the cellular mechanisms of change. (birmingham.ac.uk)
some is secondarily produced by alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells. (msdmanuals.com)

After resolution of primary pneumonia, murine alveolar macrophages (AMs) exhibited poor phagocytic capacity for several weeks. (nature.com)
Therefore, we investigated the role of TLRs in the immune response against A. fumigatus and their contribution to the signaling events triggered in murine alveolar macrophages upon infection with A. fumigatus conidia. (pasteur.fr)

Fig. 2: Recovery from infection is followed by susceptibility to secondary pneumonia and reduction in phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages in mice. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Phagocytosis function of newly formed resident lung alveolar macrophages is altered locally by secondary inflammatory mediators released during infection. (nature.com)
Fig. 6: Sirpa is required for the priming, but not the maintenance, of the paralysis program of alveolar macrophages after infection. (nature.com)
Infection prevention and control recommendations for U.S. healthcare providers when evaluating a patient who is a survivor of Ebola disease. (cdc.gov)
The risk of infectivity from patients with persistent infection in immune privileged sites is unknown but appears to be low and is likely to decrease over time. (cdc.gov)
Appropriate infection control practices, such as those recommended for evaluating patients with suspect Ebola disease, should be adhered to until testing is negative. (cdc.gov)
Normally, alveolar macrophages play an important role in lung host defense, secreting inflammatory mediators in healthy subjects in response to microbial infection. (corbuspharma.com)
To mimic infection, the patient's macrophages were stimulated ex-vivo with lipopolysaccharide derived from P. aeruginosa , which is a major bacterial pathogen in CF, and cultured with and without JBT-101. (corbuspharma.com)
Approximately 5-10% of hospitalised patients acquire an infection in hospital. (hrb.ie)
All 3 children had been treated with affected patients had acquired the same 2 strains of methylprednisolone pulses for acute rejection episodes 2, Pneumocystis , which suggests interhuman infection. (cdc.gov)
Welcome to the Macrophage Infection of HIV Implications for Pathogenesis and Cure meeting, jointly organized by the National Institute of Mental Health and the Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard. (nih.gov)
Although CD4 T cells are the main targets of HIV infection, macrophages also become infected and resist the cytopathic effects of infection, contributing potentially to HIV reservoir persistence. (nih.gov)
So this meeting will examine emerging data relating to macrophage interactions with the immune system during HIV infection, macrophage reservoirs and approaches to their elimination, and the involvement of CNS myeloid reservoirs and associated comorbidities. (nih.gov)
The meeting will also highlight recent work on macrophage inflammation in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and work from recently-funded NIMH, NIDA, and NINDS investigators. (nih.gov)
So on day one, Session 1 will focus on macrophages and the immune system during HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection, Session 2 will focus on challenges to study HIV/SIV reservoirs, and Session 3 will really have the highlights from recent awardees of the NIMH/NINDS/NIDA Myeloid Reservoir RFA. (nih.gov)
Conclusions Once-daily Arikace demonstrated acute tolerability, safety, biologic activity and efficacy in patients with CF with P aeruginosa infection. (bmj.com)
Adding to CDC's current recommendations for administering isoniazid preventive therapy to HIV-infected persons with positive tuberculin skin tests and to HIV-infected persons who were exposed to patients with infectious TB, this report also describes in detail the use of new short-course (i.e., 2 months) multidrug regimens (e.g., a rifamycin, such as rifampin or rifabutin, combined with pyrazinamide) to prevent TB in persons with HIV infection. (cdc.gov)
P jiroveci is now one of several organisms known to cause life-threatening opportunistic infections in patients with advanced HIV infection worldwide. (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] Corticosteroids are used as adjunctive initial therapy only in patients with HIV infection who have severe PJP. (medscape.com)
Completed enrollment of 32 patients in the OPTIMA study, a Phase 2a clinical study evaluating Molgradex for the treatment of NTM lung infection. (globenewswire.com)
Continue patient enrollment in the AVAIL study, a pivotal, global Phase 3 clinical study of AeroVanc, an inhaled vancomycin hydrochloride powder for the treatment of persistent methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, lung infection in CF. At the end of Q3, patient enrollment was at 126 out of a target of 200. (globenewswire.com)
This study captures the longitudinal immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of young and aged patients with varying disease severity. (medrxiv.org)
This has raised the question of possible higher incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection in IBD patients. (elsevier.es)
Moreover, COVID-19 vaccination offers great promise in controlling infection in patients with IBD. (elsevier.es)
do not give to patients with active infection and/or inflammatory disorders. (empr.com)
However, physical proximity between the patient and the ultrasound operator is a limitation in the current pandemic context, emphasising the need to implement specific infection prevention and control measures.Availability of qualified staff adequately trained to perform lung ultrasound remains a major barrier to lung ultrasound utilisation. (journaltocs.ac.uk)

Inhibition by red wine extract, resveratrol, of cytokine release by alveolar macrophages in COPD. (nih.gov)
matory response, IL-10 has been shown to inhibit macrophage and Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) provides a human disorder in T lymphocyte cytokine synthesis and MHC class II and B7 ex- which to study the delayed type hypersensitivity response to persistent pression. (cdc.gov)

7 ] Autopsy studies on COVID-19 patients have demonstrated extensive presence of microthrombi within pulmonary capillaries, associated with diffuse alveolar damage and neoangiogenesis. (thieme-connect.com)
The different mediators responsible for Diffuse Alveolar Damage (DAD), the hallmark of ARDS, will also be discussed based on available clinical evidence. (ceufast.com)
One case demonstrated several findings including diffuse alveolar damage, extensive fibrin thrombi in pulmonary arteries with pulmonary infarction, organising pneumonia and bronchopneumonia. (sun.ac.za)

Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are the tissue-resident macrophages in the lung alveolar space. (frontiersin.org)

One mechanism by which neutrophils may be selectively attracted to lung and not other tissues is via the secretion of the neutrophil-specific chemotactic factor by alveolar macrophages. (jci.org)
In patients with IPF, there was a significant correlation between the proportions of neutrophils in lavage fluid and the release of a chemotactic factor for neutrophils by alveolar macrophages (p less than 0.001). (jci.org)
These studies suggest that neutrophils are attracted to the lung in patients with IPF by a potent chemotactic factor released by alveolar macrophages that have been stimulated, in vivo, via their IgG Fc receptor by immune complexes. (jci.org)
The central feature of COPD is inflammation affecting lung parenchyma and peripheral airways which activates inflammatory cell infiltration, including alveolar macrophages and neutrophils, and other cells. (researchsquare.com)

Using the PIXE method, we measured the iron content of alveolar macrophages in healthy subjects, with and without occupational exposure to iron dust, and in patients with pulmonary diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, Goodpasture's syndrome). (ersjournals.com)
Intramacrophagic iron was increased in smokers, iron-steelworkers, and in patients with COPD or lung cancer even in the absence of pulmonary haemorrhage. (ersjournals.com)
We conclude that intramacrophagic iron may be increased in steelworkers and subjects with pulmonary haemorrhage, but also in asymptomatic smokers, in COPD and lung cancer patients without occupational exposure to iron dust. (ersjournals.com)
Neutrophil chemotactic activity of sputum from patients with COPD: role of interleukin 8 and leukotriene B4. (nih.gov)
its serum levels are increased in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
miR-486-5p was differentially expressed in alveolar macrophages of COPD patients. (researchsquare.com)
miR-486-5p overexpression might increase the TLR4-triggered inflammatory response in COPD patients by targeting HAT1. (researchsquare.com)
A previous study revealed that TLR4 was highly expressed in bronchial mucosa of severe COPD patients compared to health individuals, and its overexpression was positively correlated with CD4+/CD8+ cell infiltration and airflow obstruction [ 12 ]. (researchsquare.com)
miR-34a was found to be up-regulated in small airway fibroblasts in COPD patients compared to non-smokers, and miR-34a could promote cellular senescence in small airway fibroblasts in COPD patients [ 15 ]. (researchsquare.com)
Lung cancer and obstructive pulmonary disease share multiple etiological factors, such as cigarette smoking, occupational inhalation hazards, and air pollution, and 50-70% of lung cancer patients present with co-existing COPD or airflow obstruction 6 . (nature.com)
AM J RESPIR CRIT CARE MED 1999;160:S29−S32.Macrophages are the predominant defense cell in the normal lung and during conditions associated with chronic inflammation such as COPD. (atsjournals.org)
However, the role of the macrophage in the development of COPD has been controversial. (atsjournals.org)
Scientific evidence from a variety of sources is emerging that supports a primary role for the macrophage in regulating the inflammatory response and tissue destruction associated with COPD. (atsjournals.org)
The role of macrophage proteinases in the development of emphysema, a major component of COPD, will be discussed. (atsjournals.org)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) enable innate immune cells, such as macrophages, to recognize a wide variety of microbial ligands, thereby promoting inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
As phagocytosis by macrophages plays a critical role in the control of bacteria, we investigated the phagocytic activity of macrophages after resolution of inflammation. (nature.com)
Corbus Pharmaceuticals Announces Preclinical Data Demonstrating JBT-101 Reduces Inflammation in Alveolar Macrophages from Cystic Fibrosis Patients : Corbus Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. (corbuspharma.com)
However, such macrophages from CF patients exhibit an exaggerated and persistent state of hyper-inflammation that has long-term consequences of irreversible damage to the lung and contributes to the serious morbidity and decreased life-span associated with CF. (corbuspharma.com)
These results are encouraging with respect to the potential of JBT-101 to modify inflammation in the lungs of CF patients, which offers an entirely novel approach to treat all genotypes of this chronic life-shortening disease," said Dr. Knowles. (corbuspharma.com)
The data demonstrate JBT-101's unique mechanism of action that could help address chronic lung inflammation in CF patients potentially without the immunosuppression risk associated with existing anti-inflammatory therapies that render them inappropriate for usage in this disease," stated Mark A. Tepper PhD, President and Chief Scientific Officer of Corbus. (corbuspharma.com)
A panel will discuss research gaps and priorities related to human macrophage reservoirs and inflammation/comorbidities and treatment strategies for HIV remission and cure. (nih.gov)
Patients with CF show a severe decline of pulmonary function related to chronic airway inflammation [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Pulmonary interstitial fibrosis in children is a heterogeneous group of progressive lung disorders characterised by a pattern of inflammation and subsequent interstitial fibrosis that predominantly affects the alveolar walls and perialveolar structures. (bmj.com)
The clinical presentation of Acute Respiratory Distress (ARDS) is marked by disruptions to the alveolar-capillary complex mediated by inflammation, interalveolar edema primarily caused by protein-rich fluids influx, reduced alveolar clearance, and increased pulmonary resistance. (ceufast.com)

In patients with active paracoccidioidomycosis, chest radiography reveals interstitial infiltrates (in 64% of cases) or mixed lesions with linear and nodular infiltrates. (medscape.com)
The mnemonic "PAINT" has been used to divide the causes of restrictive lung disease into pleural, alveolar, interstitial, neuromuscular, and thoracic cage abnormalities. (medscape.com)

RA-ILD and airway disease generally can be found in combination in the same patient, a finding that favors the diagnosis of rheumatoid lung disease. (nih.gov)
However, of these shared risk factors, only older age, cigarette smoking, and occupational exposures have been specifically investigated as risk factors for airway disease among patients with RA. (nih.gov)
The active vitamin D generating enzyme, 1a-hydroxylase, is expressed by the airway epithelium, alveolar macrophages, dendritic cells and lymphocytes indicating that active vitamin D can be produced locally within the lungs. (vitamindwiki.com)
The main players in innate immunity in the lungs include the airway epithelium itself, alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells. (vitamindwiki.com)

This study has demonstrated that a subset of mononuclear phagocytes, mature macrophages, are responsible for tumour necrosis factor secretion and this could have implications for targeted management in sarcoidosis in the future. (ersjournals.com)
In response to e-cigarette exposure, alveolar macrophages adopt a proinflammatory phenotype of increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, reduction in phagocytosis, and efferocytosis and reactive oxygen species generation. (birmingham.ac.uk)

Here we used a combination of multiplex PCR and next-generation sequencing to conduct a good quality analysis of the T-cell receptor BV complementarity-determining region 3 (TCR BV CDR3) gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 7 sarcoidosis patients and lung sarcoidosis tissue from 6 patients. (oncotarget.com)
To compare the activity and function of NE in the peripheral blood from DS patients with and without PD, assisted at the Center for Dental Assistance to Patients with Special Needs affiliated with the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, Brazil. (bvsalud.org)
Purified NE were collected from peripheral blood of 22 DS patients. (bvsalud.org)

This human model has allowed us to explore the impact of JBT-101 on immune function of primary cells derived from CF patients' lungs. (corbuspharma.com)
In Multiple Sclerosis Interferonb has been used as a first line treatment regimen for the past 15 years and many patients have shown therapeutic benefit and continue to do so from this 'natural' immune modulator. (hrb.ie)
Several lines of evidence suggested that immune complexes in the lung stimulated alveolar macrophages of patients with IPF to release the chemotactic factor. (jci.org)
Fourth, IPF alveolar macrophages that released large amounts of the chemotactic factor had an apparent suppression of their immunoglobulin (Ig)G Fc receptor function, suggesting that immune complexes were bound to their surface. (jci.org)
Physicians and patients also should be aware that paradoxical reactions might occur during the course of TB treatment when antiretroviral therapy restores immune function. (cdc.gov)
Furthermore, reverse causality remains a concern since pulmonary symptoms may be early manifestations of lung cancer or acquired lung diseases in patients whose immune system has already been compromised by undiagnosed cancer. (nature.com)
To determine whether the immune system is involved, histology and immunohistochemistry (IgM, IgG, IgA, and C3) experiments were performed on lung tissue samples, as well sera measurements of autoantibodies (against the basal membrane and anti-cardiolipin) were performed in leptospirosis patients with and without pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome (in paired samples) and in healthy donors from a blood bank. (usp.br)

Dr. Knowles will present experimental preclinical data from human alveolar macrophages treated with JBT-101 that have been isolated from excised lungs of individuals with CF undergoing lung transplantation. (corbuspharma.com)
Mechanisms of neutrophil accumulation in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. (jci.org)
Macrophage polarization is associated with asthma development where M2 macrophage populations are usually pronounced in lungs of asthmatic patients. (cdc.gov)
Primary studies of any design that pulmonares asociados had primary data on histopathologic findings of lungs in COVID-19 patients were included. (bvsalud.org)

Oil Red O intensity of PAP alveolar macrophages decreased after treatment, indicating reduced intracellular lipid while extracellular free cholesterol increased in BAL fluid. (ecu.edu)

PAP alveolar macrophages are foamy, lipid-filled cells with impaired surfactant clearance and markedly reduced expression of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and the PPARγ-regulated ATP binding cassette (ABC) lipid transporter, ABCG1. (ecu.edu)
Mechanisms may involve GM-CSF stimulation of alveolar macrophage ABCG1 and LPLA2 activities by distinct pathways. (ecu.edu)

Mice deficient in granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) develop pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). (wiley.com)
Lysosomal phospholipase A2 (LPLA2) (a key enzyme in surfactant degradation) mRNA expression was severely deficient in PAP patients pre-treatment but increased 2.8-fold post-treatment. (ecu.edu)

Recent work with transgenic mice demonstrated that disruption of the production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or the common beta-subunit of the GM-CSF receptor caused alveolar proteinosis that was histologically similar to that seen in human patients. (nih.gov)
In supplemental animal studies, LPLA2 deficiency was verified in GM-CSF KO mice but was not present in macrophage-specific PPARγ KO mice compared to wild-type controls. (ecu.edu)

These pro-inflammatory mediators have been previously shown to be abnormally over-expressed by CF alveolar macrophages at both basal and LPS-stimulated conditions compared to macrophages from healthy donors. (corbuspharma.com)
Furthermore, DS patients with PD presented high levels of 5-LO expression, suggesting the presence of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in PD, thus demonstrating that the changes in NE function due to the elevation of inflammatory mediators contribute to PD. (bvsalud.org)

Beyond the pulmonary phenotype, patients with CF frequently display alterations in peripheral muscle endurance, likely primarily due to physical inactivity. (hindawi.com)

Increased levels of lipid-laden alveolar macrophages are associated with various respiratory conditions, including chronic smoking, gastroesophageal reflux, lipoid pneumonia, fat embolism, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and pulmonary aspiration. (wikipedia.org)
However, the test is limited by poor reproducibility and low specificity for pulmonary aspiration, as lipid-laden macrophages occur in many respiratory conditions. (wikipedia.org)
[ 14 , 27 , 28 ] Patients with the congenital form of PAP (see Etiology and Pathophysiology ) usually present with an acute onset of rapidly progressive respiratory distress immediately after birth. (medscape.com)
Respiratory muscle training, physiotherapy, and moderate physical activity have been shown to improve respiratory function in patients with CF [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
12 ] Recent small clinical studies have also demonstrated potential therapeutic effects of supplementing the fibrinolytic system, where exogenous administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) resulted in improvement of respiratory function and reduced mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). (thieme-connect.com)
Eleven patients (eight boys and three girls) presented to the Regional Respiratory Unit of the Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital at Alder Hey between 1986 and 1997. (bmj.com)
The patient hospital and general practice medical records were scrutinised for the time and nature of the first respiratory symptoms, the date of this first medical consultation, and the presenting complaint. (bmj.com)
Based on reports from several states, patients have experienced respiratory symptoms (cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain), and some have also experienced gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea) or non-specific constitutional symptoms (fatigue, fever, or weight loss). (cdc.gov)
First case clinical study records described the development of severe or mild respiratory distress in patients with severe pancreatitis, sepsis, nonthoracic injuries, massive transfusion, and other conditions. (ceufast.com)
Bouts of respiratory distress were reported in many patients during inpatient admissions and, sometimes, a few hours or days after discharge. (ceufast.com)
Emphysema is defined as enlargement of peripheral airspaces of the lung, including respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli, accompanied by destruction of the walls of these structures. (atsjournals.org)
Moreover, macrophages are prominent in the respiratory bronchioles of cigarette smokers, where emphysematous changes are first manifest. (atsjournals.org)

These include defects in genes encoding for surfactan protein B or C, transporter molecules within type II pneumocytes, and the beta chain receptor of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). (medscape.com)
In patients with autoimmune PAP, measurement of the autoantibody level against granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CFS) has been used to identify this disease. (medscape.com)
Completed enrollment of 139 patients in the IMPALA study, a global, pivotal Phase 3 clinical study evaluating Molgradex, an inhaled formulation of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factory (GM-CSF) for the treatment of aPAP. (globenewswire.com)
Rationale Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (PAP) patients exhibit an acquired deficiency of biologically active granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) attributable to GM-CSF specific autoantibodies. (ecu.edu)

Continue to target completion of patient enrollment in the AVAIL study in Q1 2019, with top line data in H2 2019. (globenewswire.com)
This review article addresses the role of lung ultrasound in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for diagnosis and disease management. (journaltocs.ac.uk)

The lipid-laden macrophage index (LLMI) can be calculated by counting 100 macrophages in a BAL specimen treated with a lipid stain and scoring each macrophage from 0 to 4 based on the amount of lipids present in the cell. (wikipedia.org)
[ 1 ] PAP has also been referred to as pulmonary alveolar phospholipoproteinosis or alveolar lipoproteinosis, reflecting the abundance of lipids within the granular exudate. (medscape.com)
Precise concentrations of surfactant proteins and lipids are maintained in the alveolar space by a careful balance among synthesis, recycling, and catabolism. (nih.gov)
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare pulmonary disease associated with accumulation of surfactant lipids and proteins in the alveolar spaces. (nih.gov)
These studies demonstrate the previously unanticipated role of GM-CSF signaling in surfactant homeostasis, mediated (at least in part) by its actions on the clearance of surfactant lipids and proteins by the alveolar macrophage. (nih.gov)

Fig. 5: Phenotypic analysis origin of paralyzed alveolar macrophages. (nature.com)
This trisomy is present in 95% of the phenotypic expression of the DS patients. (bvsalud.org)

The signaling pathways of the alveolar macrophage involved in the clearance of A. fumigatus are poorly understood. (pasteur.fr)

In contrast, the IgG Fc receptor function of IPF alveolar macrophages that released only small amounts of the factor was similar to that of normal macrophages. (jci.org)
2B receptor in patients with IPF and systemic sclerosis-ILD. (lu.se)

However, in contrast to previous findings in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, no differences were found between SAR and HP patients and control subjects. (elsevierpure.com)

These findings may have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis syndromes in humans. (nih.gov)
Radiologic findings have varied and are not present in all patients upon initial presentation. (cdc.gov)
Other findings included type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia, intra-alveolar macrophages and squamous metaplasia. (sun.ac.za)
provide a rigorous summary of the available evidence on pulmonary histopathological findings in patients with COVID-19. (bvsalud.org)

The defect in surfactant homeostasis is caused by decreased surfactant clearance, mediated (at least in part) by dysfunction of the alveolar macrophage. (nih.gov)

Conclusions Reduction in GM-CSF autoantibodies by rituximab therapy improves alveolar macrophage lipid metabolism by increasing lipid transport and surfactant catabolism. (ecu.edu)

Objectives To examine the safety and efficacy of 28 days of once-daily Arikace in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients chronically infected with P aeruginosa . (bmj.com)

4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate exposure induces expression of alternatively activated macrophage-associated markers and chemokines partially through Krüppel-like factor 4 mediated signaling in macrophages (dataset). (cdc.gov)
We hypothesize that MDI exposure induces M2 macrophage associate markers and chemokines through upregulation of M2 macrophage-associated transcription factors in macrophages. (cdc.gov)

So we at the NIMH Division of AIDS Research are very happy to be co-sponsoring this conference with the Ragon Institute, recognizing the importance of macrophages in HIV pathogenesis and cure efforts. (nih.gov)
Alveolar macrophage dysfunctions play important roles in asthma pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)

Patients with sarcoidosis had clinical features consistent with pulmonary sarcoidosis and the diagnosis was supported by a positive lung biopsy in nine patients and a positive Kveim test in three patients. (ersjournals.com)
Early diagnosis and effective treatment of TB among HIV-infected patients are critical for curing TB, minimizing the negative effects of TB on the course of HIV, and interrupting the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to other persons in the community. (cdc.gov)
Treatment of PJP depends on the degree of illness at diagnosis, determined on the basis of the alveolar-arterial gradient. (medscape.com)
Current Research and Scholarly Interests Improving perioperative care of patients with end stage kidney disease, using biomarkers to aid early diagnosis of acute kidney injury, and evaluating the performance of risk prediction models in perioperative medicine. (stanford.edu)

normal patient-to-patient transmission could not be assessed at the range 505-1,151 cells/µL), while the number of activated molecular level. (cdc.gov)
Human evidence of this is provided by molecular analysis of Pneumocystis isolates obtained from groups of patients involved in hospital outbreaks. (medscape.com)

Despite intensive medical treatment, Pneumocystis elevation of lactic dehydrogenase activity, C-reactive pro- jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is still a severe disease in tein concentration in blood, and pronounced hypercal- immunocompromised patients, with a high death rate of cemia (2.7-3.5 mmol/L), which was interpreted as an up to 50 % (1). (cdc.gov)
10 ] Laboratory profiles seen in patients with severe COVID-19 (elevated D-dimers and fibrin degradation products [FDPs], and prolonged prothrombin time) are also consistent with a hypercoagulable state. (thieme-connect.com)
It has been hypothesized that patients with severe COVID-19 have elevated levels of antifibrinolytic proteins, which create a hypofibrinolytic state, with subsequent failure of clot lysis. (thieme-connect.com)
Herein, we performed a prospective observational study to determine whether circulating plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and tPA may be significantly elevated in patients with severe COVID-19. (thieme-connect.com)
Supportive measures and hospitalization may be warranted for patients with severe disease. (medscape.com)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is providing: 1) background information on the forms of e-cigarette products, 2) information on the multistate outbreak of severe pulmonary disease associated with using e-cigarette products (devices, liquids, refill pods, and cartridges), and 3) clinical features of patients with severe pulmonary disease. (cdc.gov)
One patient (in Illinois) with a history of recent e-cigarette use was hospitalized with severe pulmonary disease and subsequently died. (cdc.gov)
Leptospirosis pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome is the major cause of death in patients with the severe form of leptospirosis. (usp.br)
Gene expression signatures within memory B cells suggest qualitative differences in the antibody responses in aged patients with severe disease. (medrxiv.org)
Examination of T cells showed profound lymphopenia, that worsened over time and correlated with lower levels of plasma cytokines important for T cell survival in aged patients with severe disease. (medrxiv.org)

The lipid content of the macrophages can be demonstrated using a lipid targeting stain like Oil Red O or Nile red. (wikipedia.org)
Lipid-laden alveolar macrophages have been reported in cases of vaping-associated pulmonary injury. (wikipedia.org)
Objectives This study sought to determine whether rituximab therapy would restore lipid metabolism in PAP alveolar macrophages. (ecu.edu)
Methods BAL samples were collected from patients pre- and 6-months post-rituximab infusion for evaluation of mRNA and lipid changes. (ecu.edu)

CD4+ and CD4/DR+T lymphocytes in the third patient to ducted for a cluster of 5 PCP cases in transplant recipients indicate the degree of immunosuppression, since antirejec- suggested transmission of P. jirovecii from AIDS patients tion therapy had been administered 15 months before the to other immunosuppressed persons (3). (cdc.gov)

In the present study, the in vivo production of IL-8 by alveolar macrophages (AMs) is examined in these patients by analyzing the cell-associated IL-8, using the flow cytometric method adopted previously. (elsevierpure.com)

This study evaluated the levels of adiponectin and leptin in adult healthy subjects, in patients with CF and their correlation with long-term physical activity. (hindawi.com)

A patient's bewildering death spurred ob-gyn Louis Weinstein, MD, to identify HELLP syndrome, which affects about 45,000 U.S. patients a year. (ama-assn.org)

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterized by the accumulation of granular eosinophilic material within alveolar spaces. (medscape.com)
e (I) marcação fraca granular, focal, intra-alveolar. (usp.br)

Local production of GM-CSF corrects the alveolar proteinosis in the GM-CSF knockout mouse. (nih.gov)

These vesicles were identified as the source of full-length TLR2 in macrophage supernatants by Western blot and mass spectrometry. (frontiersin.org)
In summary, our data show that sTLR2 and full-length TLR2 are released by macrophages under anti-inflammatory conditions, which may contribute to GC-induced immunosuppression. (frontiersin.org)

In healthy nonsmokers, macrophages comprise the major host defense cell in the lower airspace. (atsjournals.org)

Resident cells within the lung such as fibroblasts and alveolar type II cells may be induced by cigarette smoke to synthesize chemokines attracting and potentially activating inflammatory cells. (atsjournals.org)

The bronchial and alveolar retention of particles is the result of two opposing factors, deposition and clearance. (digitalfire.com)

With the purpose of identifying these pathogenic mechanisms, 30 necropsies (pulmonary samples) from patients with leptospirosis pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome and seven controls were evaluated. (usp.br)

Over 1,000 Irish FOR incidents between 2011 and 2015 represent unnecessary suffering patients, reputational cost/damage to the healthcare service, institution and clinician and financial cost in claims and rework. (hrb.ie)

It is characterized by the accumulation of activated and proliferating T-Iymphocytes and macrophages in the involved organs, most commonly in the lung [ 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Vindell J, Ortiz Muñoz L, Rada was the most frequent histopathological finding in lung specimens from patients with COVID-19. (bvsalud.org)

We also reviewed the epidemiological and clinical features of these patients. (bvsalud.org)

MMP-12 (macrophage elastase) is implicated in the pathology of many diseases such as emphysema, aortic lesions and cancer. (anaspec.com)

After identification of the candidate transcription factor(s) that can be regulated by MDI-exposure, we investigate the roles of the candidate transcription factor in regulation of these candidate M2 macrophage associate markers and chemokines in relation to the exposure to MDI. (cdc.gov)
Alveolar macrophage-mediated elastolysis: roles of matrix metalloproteinases, cysteine, and serine proteases. (nih.gov)

Treatment of human alveolar macrophages (AMs) with the synthetic GC dexamethasone (Dex) did not alter the expression of TLRs −1, −4, and −6. (frontiersin.org)
Animal and human studies indicate that more than one pathway exists for the different forms of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). (medscape.com)
It is detected in human alveolar macrophages, osteoclasts, spleen and liver. (thermofisher.com)
An open label proof of concept Phase II clinical trial was conducted in PAP patients using rituximab, a chimeric murine-human monoclonal antibody directed against B lymphocyte specific antigen CD20. (ecu.edu)

All HIV-infected patients undergoing treatment for TB should be evaluated for antiretroviral therapy, because most patients with HIV-related TB are candidates for concurrent administration of antituberculosis and antiretroviral drug therapies. (cdc.gov)
Ideally, the management of TB among HIV-infected patients taking antiretroviral drugs requires a) directly observed therapy, b) availability of experienced and coordinated TB/HIV care givers, and in most situations, c) use of a TB treatment regimen that includes rifabutin instead of rifampin. (cdc.gov)
Because alternatives to the use of rifampin for antituberculosis treatment are now available, the previously recommended practice of stopping protease inhibitor therapy to allow the use of rifampin for TB treatment is no longer recommended for patients with HIV-related TB. (cdc.gov)
[ 2 ] Treatment of PJP may be initiated before the workup is complete in severely ill high-risk patients. (medscape.com)
Patients with stage I sarcoidosis often require only occasional treatment with NSAIDs. (medscape.com)
According to WHO, all PTB +ve patients one of the useful indicators to determine the efficacy of should be evaluated for bacteriological status after the anti-tuberculosis treatment and essential in the clinical intensive phase to determine treatment outcomes ( 7 ). (who.int)

Adiponectin levels were significantly higher while leptin levels were lower in patients with CF than in healthy controls. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy38

Organisms23

Diseases23

Chemicals and Drugs103

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science3

Bronchoalveolar9

Monocytes6

Epithelial cells4

Murine alveolar macrophages2

Infection26

Cytokine2

Diffuse alveolar3

Lung alveolar1

Neutrophils4

COPD14

Inflammation10

Interstitial2

Airway4

Secretion2

Peripheral blood3

Immune7

Lungs4

Extracellular1

ABCG12

Deficient2

Mice2

Mediators2

Phenotype1

Respiratory12

Granulocyte4

20192

Lipids5

Phenotypic2

Pathways1

Receptor2

Idiopathic pulmonar1

Findings4

Homeostasis1

Surfactant1

Cystic fibrosis1

Induces2

Pathogenesis2

Diagnosis4

Molecular2

Severe10

Lipid4

Lymphocytes1

Vivo1

Correlation1

Patient's1

Granular2

Knockout1

TLR22

Host defense1

Fibroblasts1

Bronchial1

Hemorrhage1

Damage1

Characterized by the accumulation1

Specimens1

Clinical features1

Pathology1

Roles2

Human4

Treatment6

Significantly1