• This paper presents the prevalence of coinfection of HTLV among HIV-1 infected and AIDS patients in Belém, State of Pará, Brazil. (scielo.br)
  • A group of 149 patients attending the AIDS Reference Unit of the State Department of Health was tested for the presence of antibodies to HTLV-I/II using an enzyme immunoassay and the positive reactions were confirmed with a Western blot that discriminates between HTLV-I and HTLV-II infections. (scielo.br)
  • HIV/AIDS Surveillance Technical Report. (cdc.gov)
  • The HIV/AIDS Surveillance Technical Report is published by the Surveillance Branch of the Division of HIV/AIDS Pre vention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (cdc.gov)
  • CDC is working with these areas to antiretroviral therapy, persons with HIV infection are evaluate the proficiency and performance of the cod living longer without progressing to AIDS. (cdc.gov)
  • HIV infection sur ing conducted by the Institute of Medicine, which will, veillance, however, provides information on more re in part, review the quality of integrated HIV/AIDS sur cently infected persons, and thereby a more accurate veillance data from systems using a variety of patient representation of the current trends of the epidemic. (cdc.gov)
  • Until the Based on these facts, CDC has recommended that all evaluations are complete, HIV surveillance data from states conduct HIV case surveillance as an extension states conducting alternatives to confidential name- of current AIDS surveillance activities (1). (cdc.gov)
  • Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands (Connecticut con resolved, the existing national HIV/AIDS Reporting ducted name-based HIV surveillance for pediatric System is unable to receive these data in the same cases only). (cdc.gov)
  • In response to community concerns re manner as reports gathered within name-based HIV/ garding the confidentiality of name-based HIV reports AIDS surveillance systems. (cdc.gov)
  • At Aarhus University in Denmark, Vincent speaks with Trine Mogensen, Søren Paludan, Ole Søgaard, and Madalina Carter-Timofte about their careers and their work on sensing herpesviral DNA, immunodeficiencies that predispose to severe viral infections, and the path to a cure for HIV/AIDS. (virology.ws)
  • A limited form of multiple mononeuropathies (1-2 nerves) presents in HIV-seropositive patients without AIDS and may have an autoimmune origin. (medscape.com)
  • 2 nerves) presents in patients with AIDS. (medscape.com)
  • Classic mononeuropathy multiplex with painful, stepwise, multifocal deficits is well described in patients with advanced AIDS and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. (medscape.com)
  • The 35th World AIDS Day (WAD) marks an opportunity to review strides in HIV prevention, control, and management, acknowledging achievements. (medindia.net)
  • World AIDS Day 2023 focuses on the theme 'Let Communities Lead,' emphasizing the power of the communities most affected by HIV in bringing an end to AIDS. (medindia.net)
  • We measured aCL IgG and IgM in the CSF of 21 HIV-1-infected patients without nervous system symptoms or AIDS, and in four HIV-1-negative controls. (usuhs.edu)
  • Many patients with HIV/AIDS experience numerous challenges beyond those posed by the physical effects of their disease-including poverty, mental illness, drug addiction, social alienation, racism, and homophobia. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • On the basis of his extensive experience in treating patients with HIV/AIDS, he said it is also important to provide hope and to encourage treatment adherence. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • 1) WHO HIV/AIDs Key Facts updates 6th July 2020 Accessed July 2020. (cepheid.com)
  • The limit of detection (LOD) of the HIV-1 Qual test was determined for both WB and DBS procedures by testing two different HIV-1 subtype B reference standards including the Viral Quality Assurance Laboratory (VQA) reference material of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group and the WHO 3rd International Standard NIBSC code 10/152 diluted in HIV-1 negative EDTA WB. (cepheid.com)
  • As of 2014[update] panobinostat is being used in a Phase I/II clinical trial that aims at curing AIDS in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). (wikipedia.org)
  • HIV-1 infection causes most AIDS cases worldwide, but in West Africa, HIV-2 is also prevalent. (medscape.com)
  • The natural history of HIV-2 infection tends to be more benign than that of HIV-1, and most patients infected solely with HIV-2 do not progress to AIDS. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with dual infection had a significantly longer median time to AIDS diagnosis than those infected with HIV-1 only (104 vs. 68 months). (medscape.com)
  • 3 WHO, Towards universal access: scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector . (who.int)
  • It occurs almost exclusively in immunosuppressed individuals, e.g., patients with AIDS, hematological and lymphoreticular malignancies, autoimmune rheumatological diseases, or those having undergone organ transplantation. (medscape.com)
  • We hope this study puts ADA in the spotlight as a powerful immune modulator in vaccine strategies enhancing anti-HIV immune responses and limiting the need for life-lasting treatments," said Núria Climent, Ph.D., a researcher involved in the work from the Retrovirology and Viral Immunopathology Laboratory, at AIDS Research Group from IDIBAPS in Barcelona, Spain. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Spirituality/Religion and quality of life in patients with HIV/AIDS. (bvsalud.org)
  • AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 21 (1), 20-29. (bvsalud.org)
  • All the subjects were requested to sign an informed consent form, had a sample of blood collected and answered a questionnaire that aimed at collection of demographic data, present clinical status and presumed previous risk factors for HIV and HTLV infections, such as the use of intravenous drugs, history of blood transfusion and sexual preferences. (scielo.br)
  • Background HIV-1 infections initiated by multiple founder variants are characterised by a higher viral load and a worse clinical prognosis, yet little is known about the routes of exposure through which multiple variant transmission is most likely, and whether methods of quantifying the number of founder variants differ in their accuracy. (medrxiv.org)
  • The high prevalence of recurrent malaria, tuberculosis, chronic helminth infections, and water-borne pathogens in developing countries may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection in persons living in such regions [ 1,2 ]. (lww.com)
  • This report describes demographic characteristics of persons diagnosed with HIV infections who were residents of states that conduct HIV infection case surveillance using coded patient identifiers during 2000. (cdc.gov)
  • We optimized a machine learning model to classify infections as 1 year based on viral genetic diversity , demographic, and clinical data. (bvsalud.org)
  • The results of the present study suggest the association between C.trachomatis and HIV infections and reinforce the need for routine screening for C.trachomatis as a necessary intervention to reduce the burden of chlamydial diseases and to reduce the risk of HIV and its spread in India. (nih.gov)
  • Possible footprints of APOBEC3F and/or other APOBEC3 deaminases, but not APOBEC3G, on HIV-1 from patients with acute/early and chronic infections. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 2 Acute HIV infections typically last less than 14 days 3 and are associated with high levels of viremia prior to a detectable immune response. (cepheid.com)
  • Proper adherence to the HIV medication regimen prevents the immune system from doing further damage to the body and leaving it unable fight off certain cancers and other infections. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Background: HIV-1 infections initiated by multiple founder variants are characterised by a higher viral load and a worse clinical prognosis than those initiated with single founder variants, yet little is known about the routes of exposure through which transmission of multiple founder variants is most probable. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Eligible studies must have reported original estimates of founder variant multiplicity in people with acute or early HIV-1 infections, have clearly detailed the methods used, and reported the route of exposure. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Less common causes of polyradiculopathy in HIV infection include spinal lymphomas and CNS infections such as tuberculosis, syphilis, cryptococcosis, herpes simplex virus type 2, varicella-zoster virus, and toxoplasmosis. (medscape.com)
  • 1. HIV Infections - diagnosis - therapy 2. (who.int)
  • Compared with controls, the detectable proportion of HIV-1 particles derived from CD14 macrophages and CD26 lymphocytes was increased in persons with acute malaria coinfection and correlated with markedly increased plasma concentrations of both proinflammatory cytokines and soluble markers of macrophage and lymphocyte activation. (lww.com)
  • Acute P. falciparum malaria coinfection impacts virus-host dynamics in HIV-1-infected persons at the cellular level, notably showing a reversible induction of HIV-1 replication in CD14 macrophages that is associated with changes in immune activation. (lww.com)
  • The editing process was successful in several cell types that can harbor HIV-1, including microglia and macrophages, as well as T-lymphocytes. (rt.com)
  • In purely HIV-associated dementia, subcortical pathologic changes result when infected macrophages or microglial cells infiltrate into the deep gray matter (ie, basal ganglia, thalamus) and white matter. (msdmanuals.com)
  • ONCEMRK is assessing a once-daily investigational formulation of ISENTRESS ® (raltegravir), known as reformulated raltegravir, as part of combination HIV therapy for treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected adults. (news-medical.net)
  • Treatment-naive and treatment-experienced adults with HIV-1 newly treated with an INI- or PI-based regimen were included. (psychiatrist.com)
  • Methods: HIV-infected, treatment-naïve adults were randomized to receive rilpivirine (RPV) or efavirenz (EFV), plus a background regimen. (eurekaselect.com)
  • The primary endpoints were safety and tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and antiviral activity in viremic HIV-infected adults not on ART. (nature.com)
  • VALTREX is indicated for chronic suppressive therapy of recurrent episodes of genital herpes in immunocompetent and in HIV -1-infected adults. (rxlist.com)
  • Immune activation and induction of HIV-1 replication within. (lww.com)
  • To determine the impact of Plasmodium falciparum malaria coinfection and its treatment on cellular reservoirs of viral replication in HIV-1-infected persons and to relate this to changes in systemic immune activation. (lww.com)
  • 98%) is thought to be derived from short-lived lymphocytes ordinarily [ 11,12 ], HIV-1 replication within the macrophage reservoir is increased during mycobacterial and Pneumocystis carinii coinfections [ 13-15 ]. (lww.com)
  • Indeed, antigen-presenting cells are important reservoirs of HIV-1 [ 16,17 ] and induction of HIV-1 replication within these cells may contribute significantly to the cofactor effect of confections on HIV-1 pathogenesis. (lww.com)
  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses HIV-1 replication but does not eradicate the virus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Integration of viral DNA into the host genome is a central event in the replication cycle and the pathogenesis of retroviruses, including HIV. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Antiretroviral therapy cannot cure HIV-1 infection due to the persistence of a small number of latently infected cells harboring replication-competent proviruses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although antiretroviral therapy is able to suppress HIV replication in infected patients, the virus persists and rebounds when treatment is stopped. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found that the incorporation of this point mutation by itself could cause defects in the replication of a standard HIV strain (JRCSF) in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The intermittent but prolonged detection of this replication-defective HIV variant in the patient′s plasma among other viral populations strongly suggests that this variant is released from highly stable productively infected cells present in vivo during therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among patients with HCV coinfection, HCV RNA replication status at retransplantation was the only significant prognostic factor. (unimore.it)
  • Retransplantation in patients with HCV replication should be reassessed prospectively in the era of new direct antiviral agents. (unimore.it)
  • Humans show heterogeneity in vulnerability to HIV-1 infection, partially under control of genes involved in host immunity and virus replication. (units.it)
  • Advise patients that 95% adherence is required to suppress viral replication. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • May 20, 2021 Antiretroviral therapy, the common approach in the treatment of HIV, halts replication of the virus and has saved the lives of millions of people. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Merck (NYSE:MRK), known as MSD outside the United States and Canada, today announced that the first patient has been enrolled in the company's global Phase 3 clinical trial, ONCEMRK. (news-medical.net)
  • ISENTRESS has been a significant component of first-line HIV-1 treatment for more than six years, as a twice-daily component of antiretroviral therapy,' said Jürgen Rockstroh, M.D., University of Bonn, Bonn-Venusberg, Germany, a clinical investigator on this study. (news-medical.net)
  • We remain dedicated to investigating new applications for ISENTRESS and to further expanding our knowledge of this HIV-1 treatment,' said Peter Sklar, M.D., M.P.H., director, Clinical Research, Merck Research Laboratories. (news-medical.net)
  • Conclusion In treatment-naïve patients effectiveness of Stribild ® was consistent with data obtained in clinical trials. (bmj.com)
  • The continued use of CD4+ T-cell testing has implications for the clinical management of HIV-positive patients. (krisp.org.za)
  • OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical factors associated with prevalence of fat atrophy (lipoatrophy) and fat accumulation (lipoaccumulation) in HIV-1 infected patients. (rti.org)
  • Demographic, clinical and pharmacological data for each patient were also included in the analysis. (rti.org)
  • HIV Clinical Trials , 19 (4) pp. 158-162. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Most commonly reported adverse reactions (incidence greater than or equal to 15%) in adult HIV-1 clinical trials were headache, malaise, nausea, anorexia, and vomiting. (drugs.com)
  • Most commonly reported adverse reactions (incidence greater than or equal to 15%) in pediatric HIV-1 clinical trials were fever and cough. (drugs.com)
  • Most commonly reported adverse reactions in neonates (incidence greater than or equal to 15%) in the prevention of maternal-fetal transmission of HIV-1 clinical trial were anemia and neutropenia. (drugs.com)
  • Quantifying how the routes of HIV infection affect the transmission of multiple variants allows us to better understand how the evolution and epidemiology of HIV-1 determine clinical outcomes. (ed.ac.uk)
  • As of December 2001, confidential name- cumulated HIV infection case count totals. (cdc.gov)
  • Several guidelines and recommendations for prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other federal government agencies. (medscape.com)
  • To determine the frequency of Tregs we included paired samples from peripheral blood and rectal biopsies from controls and chronic HIV patients with or without detectable viral load. (openvirologyjournal.com)
  • The results suggest that relying on the expression of CD25 could be unsuitable to characterize Tregs in PBMC and GALT samples from a chronic infection such as HIV. (openvirologyjournal.com)
  • Others may see HIV now as a chronic disease, so they may think becoming HIV infected is no longer a significant medical illness. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • However, it is especially important for transforming HIV infection into a manageable chronic condition. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • This study aimed to characterize the common chronic respiratory diseases, along with their lung function and possible determinants in symptomatic patients attending clinics at Bishoftu General Hospital, Ethiopia. (who.int)
  • Consecutive adult patients aged 18 and above with chronic respiratory symptoms (lasting more than 8 weeks) and no evidence of active tuberculosis were recruited. (who.int)
  • Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high burden of abnormal lung function in patients attending clinics due to chronic respiratory symptoms. (who.int)
  • 4 ings highlight the critical need for spirometry services to identify lung abnormalities in patients with chronic res- piratory symptoms. (who.int)
  • HIV-associated dementia is chronic cognitive deterioration due to brain infection by HIV. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 50 copies/mL at Week 48) with the dosing regimen of 800 mg raltegravir once daily, compared with 89 percent of patients treated with ISENTRESS 400 mg twice daily. (news-medical.net)
  • Determine the toxicity profile of this regimen in these patients. (knowcancer.com)
  • Determine the objective response and survival of these patients treated with this regimen. (knowcancer.com)
  • Determine the immunomodulatory effects of this regimen on interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-2 receptor, and IL-6 cytokine levels in these patients. (knowcancer.com)
  • V. Determine the effect of this regimen on CD4+ lymphocyte count and HIV load in these patients. (knowcancer.com)
  • Determine the effect of this regimen on the human herpes virus-8 load in these patients with body cavity-based lymphoma. (knowcancer.com)
  • In this study of the Medicaid population, the prevalence and incidence of NPEs, as well as health care costs, were similar among people living with HIV-1 newly treated with an INI- or PI-based regimen. (psychiatrist.com)
  • ART for patients qualifying for nPEP is given as a 28-day course, 3-drug regimen most commonly containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), emtricitabine (FTC), and either raltegravir (RAL) OR dolutegravir (DTG) (with special considerations for the choice of the third agent below). (medscape.com)
  • The HIV virus operates by permanently inserting its genome into a patient's DNA, forcing them into a lifelong drugs regimen of antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to control the disease. (rt.com)
  • METHODS: In this prospective study, treatment naïve HIV-1-infected patients were included if they started their current regimen with atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r) (N = 73, Group 1) or darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) (N = 85, Group 2) plus tenofovir/emtricitabine. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Comment: Elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir is a complete regimen for HIV and should not be administered with other antiretrovirals. (medscape.com)
  • Methods We conducted a systematic review of studies that estimated founder variant multiplicity in HIV-1 infection, searching MEDLINE, EMBASE and Global Health databases for papers published between 1st January 1990 and 14th September 2020 (PROSPERO study CRD42020202672). (medrxiv.org)
  • This thematic series in Retrovirology contains a collection of review articles that describe traditional and novel methods of quantitation of HIV persistence in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • This technical report rep within public health, however, several states have resents the first opportunity to examine demographic elected to implement HIV infection surveillance using characteristics of persons diagnosed with HIV infec alternative methods to confidential name-based re- tions who were residents of states that conduct HIV in porting. (cdc.gov)
  • Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that estimated founder variant multiplicity in HIV-1 infection, searching MEDLINE, Embase, and Global Health databases for papers published between Jan 1, 1990, and Sept 14, 2020. (ed.ac.uk)
  • METHODS: Eighteen HIV-infected male patients (six lipodystrophic and 12 nonlipodystrophic) with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were compared with 10 HIV-infected male patients (eight lipodystrophic and two nonlipodystrophic) with IGT. (ku.dk)
  • Providing a consent to oblige to a "double-barrier method" (i.e. 1 physical barrier method plus the use of a chemical barrier, for example, male condom plus spermicide, Types of barrier methods include condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps, and the contraceptive sponge) to prevent conception during the time of the study. (who.int)
  • Acute encephalitis is rarely seen in patients infected with HIV ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Autopsy showed acute HIV encephalopathy and cerebral vasculopathy. (cdc.gov)
  • Plasma samples were obtained from HIV-1-infected individuals (n = 10) at diagnosis of acute malaria, 4 weeks after parasite clearance and from HIV-infected aparasitemic controls (n = 10). (lww.com)
  • 500 HIV-1 env sequences from acute/early infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 4-6 Therefore, HIV-1 nucleic acid testing can be more sensitive than standard serologic testing in detection of acute infection. (cepheid.com)
  • Should we treat acute HIV infection? (cepheid.com)
  • Acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. (cepheid.com)
  • Facial paralysis in HIV patients does not differ clinically from typical Bell's palsy. (medscape.com)
  • For example, some patients who have been treated with ART and have HIV that is clinically considered to be "undetectable" (meaning that the viral load is below the ability of the current available tests to detect the level of virus) does not mean that there is no HIV, and thus the risk of viral transmission, though lower, is still possible. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • 1 The high burden of neuropsychiatric disorders among people living with HIV-1 may contribute to challenges across the HIV continuum of care, including suboptimal ART adherence and reduced retention in care. (psychiatrist.com)
  • In 2018, Wilkes HK et al 4 conducted a rapid review of 45 theory-based electronic health (EH) interventions related to continuum-of-care outcomes in patients living with HIV, and results showed that self-regulation counseling via cell phone resulted in significant improvements in self-reported antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • A milder form of mononeuropathy multiplex, involving one or a few nerves, occurs in HIV without CMV coinfection. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with HBV coinfection had survival of 80% at 1, 3, and 5 years after retransplantation. (unimore.it)
  • In conclusion, liver retransplantation is an acceptable option for HIV-infected patients with HBV or HCV coinfection but undetectable HCV RNA. (unimore.it)
  • Patients with undetectable versus detectable HCV RNA had a survival probability of 80% versus 39% at 1 year and 80% versus 30% at 3 and 5 years (p = 0.025). (unimore.it)
  • Patients may misinterpret the term "undetectable" and fail to understand that they still have HIV, said Forstein. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • The aim of the current study was to evaluate drug resistance profile of RT gene and assess subtype among HIV-1 circulating strains and intensification of physician's options for the best therapy. (ijbiotech.com)
  • PGT121 is a monoclonal antibody isolated in 2011 from an African donor infected with HIV-1 subtype A, whose sera had demonstrated superior neutralization breadth and potency in an observational cohort, and so was considered an 'elite neutralizer' 9 . (nature.com)
  • Immunomagnetic HIV-1 capture analysis was used to determine the cellular origin of cell-free virus particles present in all 30 plasma samples and indices of immune activation were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. (lww.com)
  • Parasite clearance following treatment with antimalarial drugs resulted in decreased detection of HIV-1 particles derived from the CD14 macrophage cell subset and correlated with a marked diminution in systemic immune activation. (lww.com)
  • Considering that immune activation is a hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV) infection, a considerable number of studies have explored the role of Treg in different cohorts of patients, reporting contradictory data. (openvirologyjournal.com)
  • In this technique, panobinostat is used to drive the HIV DNA out of the patient's DNA, in the expectation that the patient's immune system in combination with HAART will destroy it. (wikipedia.org)
  • Scientists have been struggling to find a cure for HIV for more than three decades, but the virus' ability to " replicate unrelentingly despite everything the immune system can throw at it ," have made a cure an elusive goal, according to virologist Ron Desrosiers. (rt.com)
  • Since HIV-1 is never cleared by the immune system, removal of the virus is required in order to cure the disease, " said Khalili. (rt.com)
  • Independent risk factors for moderate/severe fat accumulation for 104 patients were increasing age, BMI gain, measures of amount and duration of immune recovery, and duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART). (rti.org)
  • PML has also been reported in patients receiving immune therapy with monoclonal antibodies (eg, natalizumab, rituximab) and various other immunosuppressants, including prednisone, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and cyclosporine. (medscape.com)
  • HIV-associated PML also occurs during immune recovery following the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). (medscape.com)
  • Recurrence of PML despite many years of immune recovery in HIV has been reported. (medscape.com)
  • The drug, an enzyme called adenosine deaminase, or ADA, ultimately may be able to activate the immune system against HIV and to help the immune system 'remember' the virus to prevent or quickly eliminate future infection. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We need to find new strategies that will empower the immune system towards long-term control of HIV infection," said Luis J. Montaner, D.V.M., M.Sc. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Feb. 4, 2021 Researchers have identified a potential way to eradicate the latent HIV infection that lies dormant inside infected immune cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Immune reconstitution syndrome ( 5.6 ) and lipoatrophy ( 5.7 ) have been reported in patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy. (drugs.com)
  • These 15 patients, whom we have referred to as "HIV controllers," are characterized by a low HIV DNA load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and by a strong HIV-specific immune response. (pasteur.fr)
  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted using administrative claims from the IBM MarketScan Multi-State Medicaid Database (January 1, 2014-December 31, 2018). (psychiatrist.com)
  • 2018 Jan;12(1):132-7. (cdc.gov)
  • Dentone_HCT_dibiagio_AD_1 27.05.2018. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • The percentage of patients remaining free of therapeutic failure was estimated using the time-to-loss-of-virologic-response (TLOVR) algorithm, by intent-to-treat analysis. (bmj.com)
  • At the end of follow-up (median 33 months), 87.3% of treatment-naïve and 80.3% of treatment-experienced patients remained free of therapeutic failure. (bmj.com)
  • We examined the change in these mortality rates of HIV-1-infected patients across Europe during 1994-98, and assessed the extent to which changes can be explained by the use of new therapeutic regimens. (tau.ac.il)
  • These data suggest that further investigation of the potential of antibody-based therapeutic strategies for long-term suppression of HIV is warranted, including in individuals off ART and with low viral load. (nature.com)
  • A new therapeutic strategy for HIV may already be available by repurposing an existing prescription drug, new research shows. (sciencedaily.com)
  • New research findings published in the February 2016 issue of the Journal of Leukocyte Biology , suggest that a new therapeutic strategy for HIV may already be available by repurposing an existing prescription drug. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The patients were routinely tested for HIV using an enzyme immunoassay and seroreactivity to HIV was confirmed by the use of an immunofluorescence assay. (scielo.br)
  • 1 Many initiatives are under development to diagnose HIV early and treat it effectively and rapidly to achieve sustained viral suppression, and strategies to improve medication adherence in HIV-infected individuals are crucial to reaching this goal. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • The efficacy and safety of VALTREX for the suppression of genital herpes beyond 1 year in immunocompetent patients and beyond 6 months in HIV-1-infected patients have not been established. (rxlist.com)
  • Vincent and Erling resume their discussion of virology Nobel Prizes, focusing on awards for research on tumor viruses, bacteriophages, virus structure, reverse transcriptase, hepatitis B virus, HIV-1, human papillomaviruses and much more. (virology.ws)
  • 32 coinfected with hepatitis C virus [HCV] and five with hepatitis B virus [HBV]) of 600 HIV-infected patients who had undergone liver transplant were retransplanted. (unimore.it)
  • The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a worldwide distributed pathogen and the occurrence of coinfections with other human retroviruses like the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) has been shown to be a fairly common event in Brazil (Schechter et al. (scielo.br)
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection results from 1 of 2 similar retroviruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2) that destroy CD4+ lymphocytes and impair cell-mediated immunity, increasing risk of certain. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Panobinostat, along with other HDAC inhibitors, is also being studied for potential to induce virus HIV-1 expression in latently infected cells and disrupt latency. (wikipedia.org)
  • Insulin levels in LD patients (17.9 mU/l) on PIs were significantly (P =0.02) higher than in controls (6.6 mU/l), and did not alter (21.2 mU/l) when Pis were stopped, despite equivalent glucose tolerance. (natap.org)
  • Prognosis of such coinfections is a controversial matter and it is suggested that in the course of disease patients can be significantly deprived (Schechter et al. (scielo.br)
  • In contrast, in HIV but not in flu-like patients, detection of Tregs as CD4 + CD25 + CD127 Low/- cells resulted in a significantly lower percentage of these cells. (openvirologyjournal.com)
  • In both, HIV patients and controls the frequency of Treg was significantly higher in GALT compared to PBMC. (openvirologyjournal.com)
  • Panobinostat has also been found to significantly increase in vitro the survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein levels in cells of patients with spinal muscular atrophy. (wikipedia.org)
  • A reduced tendency of alpha diversity and significantly higher beta diversity were found in HIV-1-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) compared to HIV-1-negative controls. (frontiersin.org)
  • Several species, such as Streptococcus anginosus , Actinomyces odontolyticus , and Rothia mucilaginosa , were significantly enriched in the HIV-1-ART group. (frontiersin.org)
  • Pediatric patients (aged 4 weeks to less than 18 years): Dosage should be calculated based on body weight not to exceed adult dose. (drugs.com)
  • abstract = "Liver retransplantation is performed in HIV-infected patients, although its outcome is not well known. (nebraska.edu)
  • Young men involved in sexual activity with other guys are less aware and stigmatized to access PrEP, an HIV prevention drug. (medindia.net)
  • This opens the door for candid discussions about HIV prevention and nonoccupational exposure prophylaxis. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • Patients should not only be educated about disease prevention and transmission, but also about the course of the illness. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • 1. In 2005, ministers of health adopted resolution AFR/RC55/R6 on acceleration of HIV prevention in the African Region, calling upon Member States to accelerate HIV prevention and declaring 2006 the Year of Acceleration of HIV Prevention in the African Region. (who.int)
  • The resolution also requested the Regional Director to develop a strategy for acceleration of HIV prevention, provide the necessary technical support to countries, help mobilize additional resources and monitor implementation. (who.int)
  • It provides updated information on key health sector HIV prevention indicators defined in the strategy, and it highlights issues that should be taken into consideration for moving the HIV prevention agenda forward in the health sector. (who.int)
  • Progress in HIV prevention has stalled, with decreases in incidence in some groups and increases in others, according to the CDC. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • 1 The agency is concerned about the phenomenon of a new infection stabilization as a result of the lack of prevention and treatment in populations who could benefit most. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Prevention of maternal-fetal HIV-1 transmission. (drugs.com)
  • In one further patient with VF two novel mutations in the RT-gene were observed when compared to historical genotypic test result (V106I/M and M184V). (bmj.com)
  • UNLABELLED: Members of the apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme-catalytic polypeptide-like-3 (APOBEC3) innate cellular cytidine deaminase family, particularly APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G, can cause extensive and lethal G-to-A mutations in HIV-1 plus-strand DNA (termed hypermutation). (ox.ac.uk)
  • It is unclear if APOBEC3-induced mutations in vivo are always lethal or can occur at sublethal levels that increase HIV-1 diversification and viral adaptation to the host. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Therefore, we examined "footprints" of APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F activity in longitudinal HIV-1 RNA pol sequences from approximately 3,000 chronically infected patients by determining whether G-to-A mutations occurred in motifs that were favored or disfavored by these deaminases. (ox.ac.uk)
  • IMPORTANCE: Collectively, our results suggest that APOBEC3G-induced mutagenesis is lethal to HIV-1, whereas mutagenesis caused by APOBEC3F and/or other deaminases may result in sublethal mutations that might facilitate viral diversification. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Specific mutations in the HIV genome confer resistance to individual drugs. (medindia.net)
  • Identification of drug resistant mutations is important in the management of HIV-1 infected patients. (ijbiotech.com)
  • There is also a worry that the genetic diversity of the HIV virus - it is prone to mutations - may mean that treatment has to be tailored towards each strand of the virus. (rt.com)
  • Each patient in the study will receive treatment for approximately 96 weeks. (news-medical.net)
  • OUTLINE: This is a multicenter, dose-escalation study of bryostatin 1. (knowcancer.com)
  • This study evaluated the prevalence, incidence, and economic burden of NPEs among people living with HIV-1 who were newly treated with INI- or PI-based regimens in a Medicaid population. (psychiatrist.com)
  • The aim of this study conducted in Benin was to compare HIV-1 infected female sex workers (FSW) and patients from the general population (GP) to see whether there was a difference in adherence level, mortality rate and immuno-virologic response to antiretroviral therapy (ART). (plri.org)
  • The novel mechanism of action provides a new treatment to patients with limited options, with no drug-drug interactions or known risk of cross resistance," said Jacob Lalezari, MD, lead author of the study and medical director for Quest Research, located in San Francisco, California. (contagionlive.com)
  • This drug benefits a small but challenging population of HIV patients who are highly treatment experienced," said Daniel R. Kuritzkes, MD, chief of the Division of Infectious Diseases at Brigham and Women's Hospital and professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, Boston, during a press briefing to present the study findings. (contagionlive.com)
  • Recent years have seen a substantial increase in the number of tools available to monitor and study HIV reservoirs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we have attempted to characterize these viruses of an ART-treated patient in vitro in order to gain insights into the mechanism of their production in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study determined the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among patients attending the HIV clinic at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH). (bvsalud.org)
  • The prevalence of hypertension was estimated among study participants, and socio-demographic, lifestyle , anthropometric, metabolic and HIV / ART -related factors associated with hypertension were determined by logistic regression modelling. (bvsalud.org)
  • Study participants were recruited from the HIV clinic at the KBTH. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study shows a high prevalence of hypertension among patients attending the HIV clinic at KBTH,associated with exposure to ART and increasing duration of this exposure. (bvsalud.org)
  • In a study publishing in PLoS Computational Biology on October 26, 2007, researchers Suryavanshi and Dixit from the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India present a new model of HIV dynamics that provides a detailed account of the emergence and growth of recombinant forms of HIV following infection with diverse viral genomes. (medindia.net)
  • Being aware of the limitation of this study (unavailability of exposed but uninfected individuals), we hypothesize a potential role for TRIM5 variations in the protection against HIV-1 infection. (units.it)
  • We report the results of the first study of CSF aCL in an HIV-1-infected population. (usuhs.edu)
  • The FIPSE/NIH HIVTR/ NEAT023 Investigators 2016, ' Liver Retransplantation in Patients with HIV-1 Infection: An International Multicenter Cohort Study ', American Journal of Transplantation , vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 679-687. (nebraska.edu)
  • Instead, the authors found that HTLV-1/HIVco-infected patients continued to have elevated CD4+ T-cell counts, on average 115 cells/uL higher than their HIV mono-infected counterparts, over the two-year study period. (krisp.org.za)
  • Results from the present study suggest that HTLV-1/HIV co-infection could delay the identification of patients who are failing ART with adverse consequences. (krisp.org.za)
  • The present study was based in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa and used patient data from a poor and rural community at the epicentre of the global HIV epidemic. (krisp.org.za)
  • From 1990 through 2007, all persons employed by the Guinea-Bissau police force were offered enrollment in a prospective study of HIV infection that included blood collection every 12 to 18 months. (medscape.com)
  • DESIGN: Evaluation of HIV-1 infected patients seen for routine care between 1 October and 31 December 1998 in the eight HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) clinics. (rti.org)
  • Herein, we performed a deep shotgun metagenomics study with the aim to obtain a more precise landscape of gut microbiome dysbiosis in HIV-1 infection. (frontiersin.org)
  • At an academic HIV clinic and community-based organization, Spielberg KA et al 5 performed a longitudinal randomized control trial (RCT), whose results showed a statistically significant difference in change from baseline to the 9-month follow-up between study arms (P = .046) in self-reported ART adherence by 30-day visual analog scale. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • According to a study of HIV-negative controls and HIV-positive patients with or without PML, a third of individuals from all subgroups had JC virus DNA in the urine. (medscape.com)
  • [ 18 ] In the same study, JC virus DNA was detected in 43% of lymphocyte samples and in 63% of plasma samples in HIV-positive patients with PML. (medscape.com)
  • Here we used individual patient data to calculate the probability of multiple founders stratified by route of HIV exposure and study methodology. (ed.ac.uk)
  • In one study, only 50% of patients had PMN-preponderant pleocytosis. (medscape.com)
  • 1 this study. (who.int)
  • Characterizing HIV genetic diversity and evolution during antiretroviral therapy (ART) provides insights into the mechanisms that maintain the viral reservoir during ART. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Genetic Diversity Informs Stage of HIV-1 Infection Among Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Botswana. (bvsalud.org)
  • Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV )-1 genetic diversity increases during infection and can help infer the time elapsed since infection . (bvsalud.org)
  • The best predictive model included variables for genetic diversity of HIV-1 gag, pol, and env, viral load , age, sex , and ART status. (bvsalud.org)
  • HIV genetic diversity informs stage of HIV-1 infection among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Botswana. (ox.ac.uk)
  • BackgroundHIV-1 genetic diversity increases during infection and can help infer the time elapsed since infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The present results show for the first time in Belém not only the occurrence of HTLV-II/HIV-1 coinfections but also a higher prevalence of HTLV-II in relation to HTLV-I. Furthermore, it also enlarges the geographical limits of the endemic area for HTLV-II in the Amazon region of Brazil. (scielo.br)
  • Analysis of experimental data using the model establishes the high rate of HIV recombination and elucidates the origins of scaling relationships that link the relative prevalence of recombinant forms of HIV to the overall extent of infection. (medindia.net)
  • Prevalence of dementia in late-stage HIV infection ranges from 7 to 27%, but 30 to 40% may have milder forms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Small differences were noted in older versus younger patients in adverse events (higher rates of depression, insomnia, and rash in older EFV-treated patients), laboratory abnormalities (increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hyperglycemia in older EFV-treated patients and increased amylase in older patients across treatments), bone mineral density (larger decreases in older patients across treatments), and progression to severe vitamin D deficiency (greater in older versus younger EFV-treated patients). (eurekaselect.com)
  • Although several factors, including the stage of infection and the heterogeneity of the HIV populations studied can account for these differences, technical considerations in the phenotypic characterization of these cells cannot be ruled out. (openvirologyjournal.com)
  • Nonoccupational HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis (nPEP) refers to the delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to persons who have experienced a nonoccupational exposure that represents a substantial risk for HIV transmission within the past 72 hours, in order to decrease the risk for HIV acquisition. (medscape.com)
  • Exposures constituting a substantial risk for HIV transmission include condomless intercourse (receptive or insertive anal or vaginal) or a percutaneous exposure to blood (or body fluids contaminated with blood) when the source has known HIV or is at high-risk of having HIV (eg, man who has sex with men [MSM], injection drug user, sex worker). (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] The CDC's recommendations for antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) after sexual, injection-drug use, or other nonoccupational HIV exposure in the United States are summarized below. (medscape.com)
  • Patients presenting to a healthcare setting within 72 hours of an exposure constituting a substantial risk for HIV transmission should be considered for nPEP. (medscape.com)
  • A case-by-case determination about nPEP is recommended when the HIV infection status or HIV risk status of the source is unknown, and the reported exposure presents a substantial risk for transmission if the source is HIV-positive. (medscape.com)
  • Receptive anal intercourse constitutes the highest risk exposure (1 in 72 risk for infection per act), followed by insertive anal intercourse (1 in 900 risk of infection per act), receptive penile-vaginal intercourse (1 in 1250 risk of infection per act), and insertive penile-vaginal intercourse (1 in 2500 risk of infection per act). (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] Of note, oral intercourse alone is not considered a high-risk exposure warranting the use of nPEP. (medscape.com)
  • Percutaneous exposure to blood (or body fluids contaminated with blood) often occurs through the sharing of needles during IV drug use and entails a 1 in 150 risk for HIV acquisition per exposure. (medscape.com)
  • Studies were excluded if they reported data concerning people living with HIV-1 who had known or suspected superinfection, who were documented as having received pre-exposure prophylaxis, or if the transmitting partner was known to be receiving antiretroviral treatment. (ed.ac.uk)
  • The World Health Organization estimated that 38 million people worldwide were living with HIV at the end of 2019. (cepheid.com)
  • Conditions known to accompany HIV such as CNS (central nervous system) lymphoma, diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome, tuberculosis meningitis, syphilis, HSV-1, VZV, and vasculitis can also cause various cranial mononeuropathies. (medscape.com)
  • Cohorts of 3-6 patients receive escalating doses of bryostatin 1 until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. (knowcancer.com)
  • High proportions of patients in both cohorts had NPEs during the 12-month baseline period. (psychiatrist.com)
  • Participants with estimated duration of HIV-1 infection based on repeated testing were sourced from cohorts in Botswana (n = 1944). (bvsalud.org)
  • However the effect of antiretroviral treatment (ART) on the inference remains unknown.MethodsParticipants with estimated duration of HIV-1 infection based on repeated testing were sourced from cohorts in Botswana (n=1944). (ox.ac.uk)
  • 10 years from cohorts of 1300 and 1551 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (pasteur.fr)
  • Being able to accurately measure HIV persistence in ART-treated individuals is necessary for monitoring the response to ART, as well as the effectiveness of curative interventions aimed at HIV remission. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By March, 1998, 1215 patients had died. (tau.ac.il)
  • Compared with patients who were followed up from September, 1994, to March, 1995, patients seen between September, 1997, and March, 1998, had a relative hazard of death of 0.16 (0.08-0.32), which rose to 0.90 (0.50-1.64) after adjustment for treatment. (tau.ac.il)
  • Death rates across Europe among patients infected with HIV-1 have been falling since September, 1995, and at the begining of 1998 were less than a fifth of their previous level. (tau.ac.il)
  • 1998 Jul 2;339(1):33-9.9. (cepheid.com)
  • Cell-free residual HIV-1 virions (RVs) persist in plasma below 20-50 vRNA copies/ml in most patients on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Full-length HIV genome sequencing was performed from proviral deoxyribonucleic acid . (bvsalud.org)
  • Using nearly full-genome HIV sequence data improves phylogeny reconstruction in a simulated epidemic. (krisp.org.za)
  • Among the different markers of HIV persistence in infected cells, total HIV DNA is to date the most widely used. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: HIV-associated lipodystrophy is associated with several host, disease, and drug factors. (rti.org)
  • A 44-year-old Caucasian woman sought treatment at our hospital with a 1-week history of fever, unsteady gait, and progressive confusion. (cdc.gov)
  • ISENTRESS is an integrase inhibitor indicated in combination with other antiretroviral (ARV) agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in patients four weeks of age and older. (news-medical.net)
  • Results We analysed the data of 197 patients (56 ART-naïve and 141 treatment-experienced patients). (bmj.com)
  • A total of 17 patients stopped treatment with Stribild ® , 5.4% (3/56) of them were treatment-naïve and 9.9% (14/141) were treatment-experienced patients. (bmj.com)
  • Despite this dismal treatment history, 83% of patients displayed a virologic response to the drug. (contagionlive.com)
  • Benefits were evident in 33 patients (83% of the total) after the first week of treatment, with a decrease in viral load of 0.5 log10. (contagionlive.com)
  • In contrast, prior to the start of treatment, the existing treatments had been similarly effective related to treatment in only one patient. (contagionlive.com)
  • No patient discontinued treatment and no serious adverse events occurred. (contagionlive.com)
  • From March to September, 1997, the death rate was 65.4 per 100 person-years of follow-up for those on no treatment, 7.5 per 100 person-years of follow-up for patients on dual therapy, and 3.4 per 100 person-years of follow-up for patients on triple-combination therapy. (tau.ac.il)
  • They confirmed that co-infected patients were more likely to have higher CD4+ T-cell counts prior to treatment initiation with no immunologic benefit--a result that has been well documented in scholarly literature. (krisp.org.za)
  • Against this background, recent scientific research has begun to show that HIV viral load testing can be both an accurate and cost-effective treatment monitoring strategy. (krisp.org.za)
  • But, although the HAART treatment allows people to live a relatively normal life, there are growing problems of HIV drug resistance and the virus becomes active again if treatment is ever stopped. (rt.com)
  • Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents. (drugs.com)
  • services to PLHIV and, ultimately, access to HIV testing and treatment. (who.int)
  • The two errors in administration known to have led to HIV infection in patients described in this report involved these procedures. (cdc.gov)
  • Two days later, the HIV viral load was 241,789 copies/mL. (cdc.gov)
  • To be included, patients needed to have a HIV-1 viral load exceeding 1000 copies/mL, had to have been receiving antiretroviral therapy for at least 6 months, and had to have documented resistance to at least one antiretroviral drug from three classes. (contagionlive.com)
  • The emergence of drug resistant forms of HIV often underlies the failure of current antiretroviral therapies for HIV infection. (medindia.net)
  • In addition, and with the purpose to compare the different protocols we also characterized Tregs in peripheral blood of HIV negative individuals with influenza like symptoms. (openvirologyjournal.com)
  • Here, we report that Treg characterization in HIV-infected patients as CD4 + Foxp3 + and CD4 + Foxp3 + CD127 Low/- cells was similar, indicating that both protocols represent a suitable method to determine the frequency of Tregs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). (openvirologyjournal.com)
  • Xpert HIV-1 Qual is a qualitative test that provides on-demand molecular testing for early diagnosis. (cepheid.com)
  • The patient had been admitted to our hospital one week before the current admission with symptoms of fever, confusion, and urinary tract infection. (cdc.gov)
  • All patients with HIV infection will find it difficult to adjust to changes in their medical status, regardless of whether their symptoms are getting better or worse, said Forstein. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-specific broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are currently under development to treat and prevent HIV-1 infection. (nature.com)
  • To determine whether the metabolic and morphological abnormalities seen in patients with lipodystrophy (LD) are reversed by stopping protease inhibitors (PIs). (natap.org)
  • Both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) immunologic abnormalities and serum anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL) have been reported in patients with HIV-1 infection. (usuhs.edu)
  • Twelve HIV-1-infected patients had an abnormal serum aCL value and CSF immunologic abnormalities and 9 HIV-1-infected patients had either abnormal serum aCL or CSF immunologic abnormalities but not both, or were normal in both regards. (usuhs.edu)
  • Nine of 12 patients with an abnormal serum aCL and CSF immunologic abnormalities had CSF aCL IgG values that were at least 5 SD above normal control values, whereas none of the remaining patients had abnormal CSF aCL IgG values. (usuhs.edu)
  • Based on the results of several Phase 1 studies, reformulated raltegravir has shown the potential to be investigated further for once daily use. (news-medical.net)
  • 1,5,8 Additionally, neuropsychiatric adverse events (AEs) leading to discontinuations have been seen in phase 3 studies of integrase inhibitor (INI)-based regimens. (psychiatrist.com)
  • A phase III trial of the first-ever biologic medication directed against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of the ibalizumab monoclonal antibody in treating previously treated patients who are infected with multidrug resistant HIV-1. (contagionlive.com)
  • The Phase 1 trial for a preventive HIV vaccine candidate has initiated enrollment in both the United States and South Africa. (medindia.net)
  • Forstein has treated a number of patients who have had HIV infection since the 1990s but who have no detectable viral loads after years of ART. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • Data are scarce regarding the incidence of neuropsychiatric events (NPEs) in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 taking integrase inhibitor (INI)- or protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimens. (psychiatrist.com)
  • 1997). The similar modes of transmission of the same organic fluids in which HIV and HTLV are present, favours their joint transmission, sharing the same human host when the viruses occur in the same epidemiological setting (Galvão-Castro 1994). (scielo.br)
  • Human TRIM5 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms have been reported as involved in susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. (units.it)
  • Since 1989, three patients (two in hospitals in the United States and one in the Netherlands) undergoing nuclear medicine procedures have been reported to have inadvertently received intravenous injections of blood or other material from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (cdc.gov)
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is still a major global health issue. (urv.cat)
  • Transient high levels of viremia in patients with primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. (cepheid.com)
  • These findings advance our understanding of human gut microbiome and their potential associations with HIV-1 infection. (frontiersin.org)
  • HIV viral load testing is currently recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an accurate strategy for monitoring a patient's response to ART. (krisp.org.za)
  • Counseling patients who face these issues can be difficult, but a careful risk assessment along with patient education can improve a patient's ability to cope and lead to better outcomes, said Marshall Forstein, MD, associate professor of psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass, in a presentation at the US Psychiatric Congress in Las Vegas. (psychiatrictimes.com)