AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
Cerebrospinal Fluid PressureIntracranial PressureCerebrospinal FluidCerebrospinal Fluid ShuntsIntracranial HypotensionExtracellular FluidPressureHeadacheIntraocular PressureDogsIsofluraneHydrostatic PressureBlood PressureCerebrospinal Fluid ProteinsTransducers, PressureExtracellular SpaceBenzethoniumEconomics, NursingAnesthetics, DissociativeLactationAlgorithmsHealth Care CostsCosts and Cost Analysis
ShuntsLumbarAmount of cerebrospinal fluidReport of cerebrospinal fluidDrainageVenousMeningitisBrainShuntVentricularBlockageSymptomsIntracranial hypertensionBiomarkersPapilledemaSupported with intravenousClinicalFungalDiagnosisOutcomesHeadachesAlzheimer'sBacterialAcuteComorbiditiesObstructiveBrucellaCatheterGlucoseAirwayIntravenousExaminationLateralPediatric PatientsDisordersGramComplicationsSupinePotentiallyPatient'sProspective studyCirculationBlood pressureBilateralSeverePathwayInadequateAdultsVentriculoperitonealIntraocular PressureParenchymalOptic DiskDifferentialOccurQuantitativeBrain'sInflammatoryNormalGeneral anesthesiaHeadache
Shunts2
  • Provide temporary CSF drainage in patients with infected cerebrospinal fluid shunts. (medtronic.com)
  • Sixteen of the 17 patients with shunts responded favorably during a year of follow-up, improving their NPH scores from 10 to 12 (zero being the worst and 15 being the best), while the 4 conservative patients without shunts worsened from 11 to 8 (Table 1). (ajnr.org)
Lumbar15
  • Intracranial pressure monitoring with a ventricular or lumbar catheter is contraindicated in patients receiving anticoagulants or who are known to have a bleeding diathesis. (medtronic.com)
  • Monitoring pressure from the lumbar subarachnoid space can be done only in instances where lumbar puncture does not pose a danger to the patient. (medtronic.com)
  • Patients undergoing external drainage and/or intracranial pressure monitoring must be kept under constant supervision in an intensive care unit staffed with trained personnel familiar with the use of intracranial and lumbar pressure monitoring techniques. (medtronic.com)
  • Intracranial and lumbar pressure monitoring has been associated with intracranial infection, meningitis and ventriculitis. (medtronic.com)
  • The patients were subjected to F-VEP tests shortly before lumbar puncture. (scielo.br)
  • Relationship of cerebrospinal fluid pressure, fungal burden and outcome in patients with cryptococcal meningitis undergoing serial lumbar punctures. (scielo.br)
  • For this reason, patients are admitted for two to three days of lumbar drainage after undergoing an extensive gait and cognitive evaluation. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected via lumbar puncture was colorless and transparent with a pressure of 330 mm H2O. (nel.edu)
  • 116 patients requiring elective diagnostic lumbar puncture. (bmj.com)
  • Headache due to a reduced volume of cerebrospinal fluid and reduced pressure complicates a substantial proportion of lumbar punctures. (bmj.com)
  • Spinal anaesthesia and myelography differ from diagnostic lumbar puncture because smaller gauge needles are used, smaller volumes of cerebrospinal fluid are removed, and other fluids can be introduced. (bmj.com)
  • We considered as eligible for our study all patients attending the investigation ward of a regional neurology unit for elective diagnostic lumbar puncture between September 1998 and February 1999. (bmj.com)
  • If not contraindicated, lumbar puncture with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing is then done. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Furthermore, the elevated abdominal pressures can directly press on the lumbar venous plexus, prohibiting the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and leading to elevated intracranial pressure. (acep.org)
  • A diagnosis typically will involve a MRI or CT scan to rule out other causes such as a tumor or blood clot along with a lumbar puncture or spinal tap to evaluate the fluid in the skull. (lawyerworks.com)
Amount of cerebrospinal fluid2
  • Toddlers with a substantially greater amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at six and 12 months of age may be predicted with nearly 70 per cent accuracy to be at risk of developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD), researchers claim. (ndtv.com)
  • Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a rise in the amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain that affects brain function. (medlineplus.gov)
Report of cerebrospinal fluid1
  • The current case thus represents the first report of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture-positive Brucella meningitis in Egypt. (who.int)
Drainage12
  • A patient undergoing external drainage and monitoring must be kept under continuous, close supervision. (medtronic.com)
  • Failure to appropriately adjust the rate of CSF outflow through the external drainage system may result in potentially serious injury to the patient. (medtronic.com)
  • Improper vigilance or improper drainage system setup can lead to overdrainage or underdrainage and potentially serious injury to the patient. (medtronic.com)
  • This can cause very high pressure in the skull that requires drainage or the CSF using a shunt to protect the health of the brain. (childrens.com)
  • it also allows for improved venous and cerebrospinal fluid drainage, potentially lowering intracranial pressure. (renalandurologynews.com)
  • Initial timed assessments of gait and balance are performed prior to CSF drainage, and are then repeated daily while the cerebrospinal fluid is being drained. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Although normal pressure hydrocephalus can be diagnosed with a large volume spinal tap, some patients require a more prolonged period of spinal drainage before improvement occurs. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Since intracranial pressure (ICP) is a variable parameter (depending on such factors as patient's position and rapid eye movement sleep) and since cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion is almost constant, it may be assumed that some shunt complications are related to too much or too little CSF drainage. (nih.gov)
  • As the renal parenchymal pressure rises, venous drainage is impaired, leading to renal venous congestion with a subsequent drop in GFR and oliguria. (acep.org)
  • Thrombosis also form in cerebral venous, which is termed as cerebral venous thrombosis(CVT), a particular type of cerebrovascular disease, characterized by intracerebral hemorrhage and infarction, associated with increased intracranial pressure due to cerebrospinal fluid absorption and cerebral venous drainage, accounting for 0.5-1% of strokes ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Known to be a multifaceted mechanism consisting of components of the theory of cephalad fluid shift, compartmentalization & alternative compartmentalization theories, increased intracranial pressure, differential translaminar pressure gradients, aberrancies in lymphatic drainage systems, intracerebral volume shifts, orbital and cerebral arterial and vortex vein drainage alterations, cyanocobalamin- & folate-dependent one-carbon pathway variances, choroidal volume expansion, and ambient hypercapnic environments onboard the ISS may contribute to the SANS constellation. (aao.org)
  • [5] Although the exact etiology of SANS is still unknown it is believed that cephalad fluid shifts to the head, neck and orbits occur in microgravity environments due to impaired gravity assisted lymphatic, CSF and vascular drainage. (aao.org)
Venous2
  • the cause is unknown but can involve obstruction of cerebral venous outflow, which can result from increased CSF pressure which can result in increased venous obstruction-a vicious circle. (msdmanuals.com)
  • We introduce a new bi-phasic model of the brain tissue allowing for fluid exchange between the brain extracellular space and the venous system. (hal.science)
Meningitis25
  • In addition to these specific causes of meningitis, evidence suggests that AIDS patients are also more likely than the general population to develop community-acquired bacterial or viral meningitides. (medscape.com)
  • In the United States, the most common known cause of HIV-associated meningitis is cryptococcal meningitis, affecting 30% of patients with HIV-associated meningitis. (medscape.com)
  • Of note, 43% of patients with HIV-associated meningitis do not have identifiable etiology. (medscape.com)
  • The prognosis in patients with HIV-associated meningitis depends on the etiology of meningitis, the stage of HIV infection, and the availability of treatments. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with aseptic meningitis, a diagnosis of exclusion, have a good prognosis and do not require any specific treatment. (medscape.com)
  • To verify the relationship between intracranial pressure and flash visual evoked potentials (F-VEP) in patients with cryptococcal meningitis. (scielo.br)
  • The intracranial pressure measured by spinal tap manometry showed strong positive association with the N2 latency F-VEP in patients with cryptococcal meningitis. (scielo.br)
  • Diagnosis and management of increased intracranial pressure in patients with AIDS and cryptococcal meningitis. (scielo.br)
  • Elevation of intracranial pressure in acute AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis. (scielo.br)
  • Management of cryptococcal meningitis with extremely high intracranial pressure in HIV-infected patients. (scielo.br)
  • More than half of the patients with cryptococcal meningitis (CM) exhibit ICH 1 1 Graybill JR, Sobel J, Saag M, van Der Horst C, Powderly W, Cloud G et al. (scielo.br)
  • Elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressures in patients with cryptococcal meningitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. (scielo.br)
  • Of patients with AIDS in the United States, cryptococcal meningitis occurs more commonly in African Americans than in whites. (medscape.com)
  • This was a descriptive, prospective study of Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (CSF) samples from patients with suspected clinical signs of meningitis. (santetropicale.com)
  • Cerebrospinal meningitis remains a burden and non-vaccine serogroups have taken place in epidemics in Burkina Faso. (santetropicale.com)
  • The guidelines help clinicians determine when to suspect ventriculitis or meningitis and start patients on appropriate antimicrobial therapy while awaiting culture results to confirm the infection and organism causing it. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • However, in patient with a normal CSF glucose concentration but with increased number of WBC, viral meningitis should be suspected. (medscape.com)
  • As of June 1, 2023, a multistate outbreak of fungal meningitis is ongoing among patients who underwent procedures under epidural anesthesia in the city of Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico, at two clinics: River Side Surgical Center and Clinica K-3. (cdc.gov)
  • Healthcare providers, public health officials, and the public should be aware that all patients, including those without symptoms, who underwent medical or surgical procedures under epidural anesthesia at River Side Surgical Center or Clinica K-3 in Matamoros, Mexico, since January 1, 2023, should be evaluated for fungal meningitis as soon as possible. (cdc.gov)
  • Since then, public health officials have identified a multistate outbreak of fungal meningitis among patients who received procedures under epidural anesthesia at River Side Surgical Center or Clinica K-3. (cdc.gov)
  • Note: All patients, regardless of symptoms, who received procedures under epidural anesthesia at River Side Surgical Center or Clinica K-3 since January 2023 should be evaluated for fungal meningitis including an LP or spinal tap and MRI of the brain. (cdc.gov)
  • Recommendations for diagnosis and management of patients with possible fungal meningitis associated with epidural anesthesia administered in Matamoros, Mexico, are available on CDC's website , which will be updated as new information becomes available. (cdc.gov)
  • When after 2 days the patient showed no response to therapy, isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin and pyrazinamide were added to the regimen to empirically treat tuberculous meningitis. (who.int)
  • The patient had some improvement in his clinical condition after anti-tuberculosis treatment, but once the diagnosis of Brucella meningitis was made, antibiotic therapy was changed to doxycycline (200 mg/day), trimethoprim/sulfmethoxazole (TMX/SMP) (2 double-strength tablets every 12 hours) and rifampicin (900 mg/day). (who.int)
  • The patient was referred treatment, but once the diagnosis of Brucel- to the Chest Hospital for treatment of chest la meningitis was made, antibiotic therapy tuberculosis and was lost to follow-up. (who.int)
Brain29
  • If intracranial hemorrhage occurs, a hematoma within the skull can put pressure on the brain. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 1 ] , shunt cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the lateral ventricles of the brain into the peritoneum. (medscape.com)
  • Effects of Intrathecal Ketamine on Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Mech. (medscimonit.com)
  • This is a build up of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that the brain is surrounded by. (childrens.com)
  • This can cause a back-up of CSF and increase the blood pressure in the veins draining blood from the brain. (childrens.com)
  • Both of these can create high pressure that can harm the brain. (childrens.com)
  • The authors advocated placing an intracranial pressure (ICP) monitor through a burr-hole into the brain parenchyma and measuring the mean amplitude of the ICP waves (MWA) for 8 hours while the patient is sleeping. (ajnr.org)
  • Also, one must be aware of the potential difference in the noninvasive blood pressure recorded at the arm or leg versus actual pressure seen at the brain. (renalandurologynews.com)
  • Although there is a controversy as to the exact difference, if any, between noninvasive recording and actual brain perfusion, some theories support correcting blood pressure in the sitting position to account for a gravitational effect on the column of blood between the site of measurement and the brain. (renalandurologynews.com)
  • Normal pressure hydrocephalus is thought to be caused by an accumulation of excess cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Normal pressure hydrocephalus can also develop in patients with a history of brain tumor, cerebral hemorrhage, brain infection or head trauma. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Most (but not all) patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus have evidence of excess cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Brain MRI or CT scans are obtained on all patients as part of the evaluation for adult hydrocephalus. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • The ventricular shunt consists of a small catheter that is passed into the fluid space of the brain where the cerebrospinal fluid is located. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Obstructive hydrocephalus occurs when the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain is physically blocked. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • We know that CSF is very important for brain health, and our data suggest that in this large subset of kids, the fluid is not flowing properly. (ndtv.com)
  • Introduction: Altered levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glucose and lactate concentrations are associated with poor outcomes in acute brain injury patients. (unimib.it)
  • 18 years) patients admitted after an acute brain injury were included if an external ventricular drain (EVD) for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring was inserted within 24 h of admission. (unimib.it)
  • Hydrocephalus is a buildup of spinal fluid inside the fluid chambers of the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
  • As CSF builds up in the brain, the fluid-filled chambers (ventricles) of the brain swell. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This causes pressure on brain tissue. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Rosenberg GA. Brain edema and disorders of cerebrospinal fluid circulation. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These include cerebral palsy (often associated with brain injury at birth due to lack of oxygen or blood supply), hydrocephalus (increased pressure caused by blockage or buildup of cerebrospinal fluid), brain tumors, and other injuries to the brain. (bcm.edu)
  • however, some patients may develop several tumors growing simultaneously in other locations of the brain or spinal cord . (aans.org)
  • Located in the fluid chambers that produce and carry cerebrospinal fluid throughout the brain. (aans.org)
  • These cephalad fluid shifts may cause increased hydrostatic pressure in the brain (intracranial pressure) [2] and orbit (optic nerve sheath). (aao.org)
  • This elevated CSF pressure around the brain may be transferred down the ON sheaths to the orbit and cause disc edema as well as globe flattening. (aao.org)
  • In our model, cerebro-spinal fluid production-resorption system is coupled with a 3D representation of the brain parenchyma. (hal.science)
  • Participants The study included 4,508 color fundus images in 2,180 patients from 30 neuro-ophthalmology centers (19 countries) participating in the Brain and Optic Nerve Study with Artificial Intelligence (BONSAI) Group. (medrxiv.org)
Shunt16
  • This study aims to demonstrate the application of dual intracranial pressure (ICP) and infusion studies together with the novel shunt occlusion test in both a diagnostic and therapeutic role. (karger.com)
  • An 8-year-old child had aqueduct stenosis treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (medium-pressure valve). (karger.com)
  • Unilateral subtemporal decompressions and preventing shunt overdrainage can result in normalisation of ICP and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. (karger.com)
  • Often when hydrocephalus occurs, a shunt is put in place in order to alleviate the pressure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tapping or aspirating the shunt is performed for both diagnostic reasons (eg, evaluate for shunt infection and blockage) and therapeutic reasons (eg, allows fluids to be drawn off to alleviate symptoms from a blocked shunt). (medscape.com)
  • Because shunt aspiration removes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the supratentorial compartment, increased intracranial pressure is not a contraindication. (medscape.com)
  • The patient should be supine with the head oriented so that the ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt reservoir lies uppermost. (medscape.com)
  • The authors divided 21 patients with clinical NPH into 2 groups: "shunt" ( n = 17) and "conservative" ( n = 4) based on MWA elevation. (ajnr.org)
  • An alternate explanation of these data might be that MWA elevation was not useful in distinguishing the patients who should have been shunted from those who would not have benefited from a shunt (ie, their conservative group). (ajnr.org)
  • On the basis of the elevated ASV, in fact, the patients in the conservative group with NPH symptoms might have benefited from a shunt rather than having their conditions deteriorate across time. (ajnr.org)
  • The primary treatment for normal pressure hydrocephalus is placement of a ventricular shunt. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Among 21 tap responders in the iNPH/FBB− group, 14 patients received shunt surgery and 12/14 (85.7%) patients showed symptom improvement. (springer.com)
  • Our findings suggest that amyloid PET scans can help determine which iNPH patients will benefit from shunt surgery by discriminating concomitant AD. (springer.com)
  • Kazui H, Kanemoto H, Yoshiyama K, Kishima H, Suzuki Y, Sato S, Suehiro T, Azuma S, Yoshimine T, Tanaka T (2016) Association between high biomarker probability of Alzheimer's disease and improvement of clinical outcomes after shunt surgery in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. (springer.com)
  • The first stage consists of a medium-pressure low-resistance valve that operates as a conventional differential-pressure valve until the flow through the shunt reaches a mean value of 20 ml/hr. (nih.gov)
  • The time evolution of ventricular pressure has been recorded on a symptomatic patient after closing the ventricular shunt. (hal.science)
Ventricular4
  • Automated estimation of the disproportionate ventricular and sulcal CSF ratio in patients presenting with ventriculomegaly may be important as radiologic markers in differentiating iNPH from other causes of ventriculomegaly. (medworm.com)
  • The ventricular catheter and valve, in turn, are connected to a catheter that drains the cerebrospinal fluid into the abdomen where it is reabsorbed. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the brain's ventricular system, caused by inadequate passage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from its production points within the ventricular system to its points of absorption into the systemic circulation [ 57 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The model was assessed by comparing the simulated ventricular enlargement evolution with a patient case study of communicating hydrocephalus. (hal.science)
Blockage1
Symptoms14
  • Blinding visual loss or severe visual impairment in one or both eyes occurred in 14 patients, and in seven patients, this occurred months to years after the initial symptoms. (nih.gov)
  • 2 In the mid-1990s, we evaluated 19 patients with symptoms of NPH who were subsequently shunted. (ajnr.org)
  • Importantly, the symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus can be relieved by a simple surgical procedure. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • A careful examination is performed by neurologists or neurosurgeons that are skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of normal pressure hydrocephalus and other disorders that can cause similar symptoms (such as Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease). (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Our neuroradiologists at The Adult Hydrocephalus Program are knowledgeable in diagnosing all types of hydrocephalus, including normal pressure hydrocephalus and other causes of dementia that can present with similar symptoms. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • This leads to an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid and increased pressure in the head that can cause headaches, problems with vision, nausea and vomiting, loss of bladder control, imbalance, memory loss or other symptoms. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • If clinical findings suggest idiopathic intracranial hypertension, check visual fields and optic fundi, even when patients have no visual symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • If clinical findings suggest idiopathic intracranial hypertension, clinicians should check visual fields and optic fundi, even in patients with no visual symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Spaceflight associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS)-formerly called visual impairment and intracranial pressure (VIIP) syndrome [1] -is a constellation of findings and symptoms that have been found in astronauts who have undergone long duration space flight (LDSF) missions in microgravity environments (e.g. (aao.org)
  • [2] . The absence of classical symptoms as seen in terrestrial IIH, including headache, tinnitus, transient visual obscurations, nausea, vomiting and the lack of data on inflight CSF opening pressure make this "IIH like" theory arguable. (aao.org)
  • Symptoms of transverse myelitis may reach their peak within 24 hours of onset for some patients (considered the hyperacute form of the condition). (encyclopedia.com)
  • Other patients experience a more gradual increase in symptom severity, with peak deficits occurring days (acute form of transverse myelitis) to weeks (subacute form of transverse myelitis) after the initial symptoms first presented. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Patients with the quicker onset form and who experience more severe initial symptoms tend to have more complications and a greater likelihood of permanent disability. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Three days prior to When after 2 days the patient showed no admission he developed neck stiffness and response to therapy, isoniazid, rifampicin, diplopia and when the symptoms persisted, streptomycin and pyrazinamide were he presented to the Abbassia Fever Hospital added to the regimen to empirically treat in Cairo for evaluation. (who.int)
Intracranial hypertension3
  • We excluded patients with a history of chronic headache requiring analgesics and those with known or suspected idiopathic intracranial hypertension or other causes of an increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure. (bmj.com)
  • Elevated opening pressure and normal CSF composition suggests idiopathic intracranial hypertension. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Given that intracranial hypertension has been implicated as a significant factor in temporal encephalocele formation, [ 7 , 10-12 , 15 ] we hoped to clarify this correlation by reviewing a series of tegmen defects repaired surgically and the associated ICP measurements in these patients. (medscape.com)
Biomarkers3
  • Discovery of biomarkers in normal and glaucomatous tissues and fluids. (mayo.edu)
  • Lim TS, Choi JY, Park SA, Youn YC, Lee HY, Kim BG, Joo IS, Huh K, Moon SY (2014) Evaluation of coexistence of Alzheimer's disease in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus using ELISA analyses for CSF biomarkers. (springer.com)
  • Interaction between sleep-disordered breathing and apolipoprotein E genotype on cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in cognitively normal elderly individuals. (cdc.gov)
Papilledema4
  • Papilledema Papilledema is swelling of the optic disk due to increased intracranial pressure. (msdmanuals.com)
  • a few patients have unilateral or no papilledema. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In some asymptomatic patients, papilledema is discovered during routine ophthalmoscopic examination. (msdmanuals.com)
  • External-testing was subsequently performed on an independent dataset (221 patients) including 207 images with ODD (96 visible and 111 buried), provided by 3 centers of the Optic Disc Drusen Studies Consortium, and 214 images of papilledema (92 mild-to-moderate and 122 severe) from a previously validated study. (medrxiv.org)
Supported with intravenous1
  • For this reason, the patient should be incrementally placed into the sitting position and the blood pressure should be supported with intravenous fluids and vasopressors. (renalandurologynews.com)
Clinical6
  • FBB PET scans and the tap test were performed in 31 patients with clinically suspected iNPH, and amyloid positive (iNPH/FBB+) and negative (iNPH/FBB−) groups were compared with respect to clinical characteristics. (springer.com)
  • Savolainen S, Paljarvi L, Vapalahti M (1999) Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in patients investigated for presumed normal pressure hydrocephalus: a clinical and neuropathological study. (springer.com)
  • Promising clinical results in 19 patients shunted with this valve are summarized. (nih.gov)
  • Clinical experience to support administration to patients under 18 years is not available at present. (nih.gov)
  • Three U.S. laboratories (CDC Mycotic Diseases Branch's Laboratory, UCSF Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, and UW Medicine Molecular Microbiology laboratory) and the Mexican national laboratory (InDRE) have detected fungal signals consistent with the Fusarium solani species complex from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients receiving follow-up care in Mexico or the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • The patient had some improvement in Lowenstein-Jensen slant, identified as My- his clinical condition after anti-tuberculosis cobacterium spp. (who.int)
Fungal2
  • In addition, cryptococcosis is the most common fungal disease in HIV -infected persons, and it is the AIDS-defining illness for 60-70% of HIV-infected patients. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, elevated levels of beta-D-glucan, a biomarker of fungal infection, have been detected in the CSF of at least six patients. (cdc.gov)
Diagnosis7
  • The emergency provider must decide which patients require immediate further testing, such as laboratory studies and imaging, to confirm the diagnosis and direct management. (nih.gov)
  • A minority of patients die within the first 6 weeks after diagnosis, despite treatment. (medscape.com)
  • As your critically ill patient takes a turn for the worst with worsening hypotension, encephalopathy, and diminishing urine output, it is important to consider abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in your differential diagnosis. (acep.org)
  • The diagnosis of ACS rests on the measurement of intra-abdominal pressure in a patient with new organ dysfunction. (acep.org)
  • Thirty-one patients with catheters but without ventriculitis were selected as matched controls based on age, sex, and primary diagnosis. (stanford.edu)
  • Diagnosis involves meeting specific symptom criteria, as well as demonstrating spinal cord involvement with MRI scanning and examination of cerebrospinal fluid. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The presence of a spinal cord tumor or another condition that is exerting pressure on the spinal cord, vitamin B12 deficiency, or a history of radiation therapy to or cyclophosphamide injection into the spinal cord excludes the possibility of a diagnosis of transverse myelitis. (encyclopedia.com)
Outcomes5
  • Summarize interprofessional team strategies for the identification of life-threatening versus benign causes of headaches to improve patient outcomes. (nih.gov)
  • In addition to diagnosing and managing life-threatening causes of headaches, the EP must be well versed in treating common primary headache disorders, as proper management of the natural course of the disease may improve patient outcomes. (nih.gov)
  • To provide the long-term outcomes of patients treated with fractionated conformal radiotherapy (FCRT) for presumed optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSMs). (researchgate.net)
  • While it may seem that progress has been slow and has not changed outcomes for our patients dramatically, we are moving at a much more rapid pace than before, and the future seems promising. (dana-farber.org)
  • Conclusions: Four unique endotypes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were identified, which segregated patients based on inflammatory markers, infectious markers, evidence of end-organ dysfunction, comorbidities, and outcomes. (stanford.edu)
Headaches3
  • When a tumor blocks the pathway of the cerebrospinal fluid, this will cause headaches in the patient. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most headaches are benign, and most patients can be safely treated and discharged with minimal workup. (nih.gov)
  • This activity describes the assessment and medical management of headaches in the emergency department and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in assessing and appropriately treating patients with this chief complaint, with specific emphasis on differentiating benign from concerning presentations. (nih.gov)
Alzheimer's1
  • Amyloid positron emission tomography ([18F] florbetaben (FBB) PET) can be used to determine concomitant Alzheimer's disease (AD) in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients. (springer.com)
Bacterial2
  • Bacterial cultures of blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and stool and serologic tests, including an antibody titer for E. chaffeensis, were negative. (cdc.gov)
  • In the gastrointestinal tract, mesenteric blood flow becomes severely diminished, leading to bowel ischemia and edema, which enters a cycle of worsening abdominal pressure as the bowel swells and can also increase the risk of bacterial translocation. (acep.org)
Acute2
  • METHODS: We examined the presence of intracranial thrombus on three-dimensional T1-weighted HR-MRI in acute ischemic stroke patients with intracranial artery occlusion on magnetic resonance angiography. (bvsalud.org)
  • The occurrence of acute symptomatic seizures (ASS) has implications for patients' management, with some patients developing unprovoked late seizures (ULS). (bvsalud.org)
Comorbidities1
Obstructive3
  • During PAV, time for airway pressure to achieve 90% of maximum during inspiration (T90) in the severely restrictive model was shorter than those of the obstructive and mixed obstructive/restrictive models and close to that measured in the PSV mode. (medscimonit.com)
  • 0.01) of CSF from patients with obstructive hydrocephalus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Modifying effects of the R389G beta1-adrenoceptor polymorphism on resting heart rate and blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. (cdc.gov)
Brucella3
  • Within a week of initiating anti-Brucella therapy, the patient became afebrile, had no further vomiting and his esotropia improved. (who.int)
  • Prior to transfer to the Chest Hospital, the patient was advised to continue anti-Brucella treatment for 3 months. (who.int)
  • Brucella therapy, the patient became afebrile, had tube agglutination tests performed on both no further vomiting and his esotropia im- serum and CSF samples collected at the proved. (who.int)
Catheter1
Glucose1
  • The aim of the study was to assess CSF glucose-to-lactate ratio (CGLR) changes related to therapies aimed at reducing intracranial pressure (ICP). (unimib.it)
Airway4
  • In patients requiring mechanical ventilation, you may note an increase in airway pressures on the ventilator as the diaphragm is pushed superiorly. (acep.org)
  • The patient was supine on his bed, and his airway was partially obstructed by vomitus. (cdc.gov)
  • Firefighters measured the patient's blood pressure and heart rate, and paramedics placed an intravenous line, performed airway suctioning, placed an oropharyngeal airway, administered oxygen, and transported the patient by ambulance to hospital A at approximately 7:00 p.m. on December 3. (cdc.gov)
  • Development and evaluation of a self-efficacy instrument for Japanese sleep apnea patients receiving continuous positive airway pressure treatment. (cdc.gov)
Intravenous2
  • All monitors, intravenous lines, and the endotracheal tube need to be carefully managed when moving a patient. (renalandurologynews.com)
  • The following case patient was treated with intravenous infections in participants of an adventure history describes a cutaneous infec- race from South Africa. (cdc.gov)
Examination3
  • By the 5-month follow-up examination, the patient had completely recovered and returned to work. (nel.edu)
  • All patients underwent ophthalmic examination and examination on a 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Scanner (Optima 360, GE Healthcare). (mdpi.com)
  • On examination, the patient was an alert, thin male with a moderately ill appearance. (who.int)
Lateral1
  • Results: There was a significant difference in lateral geniculate nuclei volume between the control and advanced glaucoma groups in the right hemisphere ( p = 0.03) and in the left hemisphere between the early and advanced glaucoma patients ( p = 0.026). (mdpi.com)
Pediatric Patients3
  • for maintenance of anesthesia in pediatric patients following induction with agents other than Desflurane, USP, Liquid for Inhalation and intubation. (nih.gov)
  • Since 1947, Dana-Farber's sole focus has been to provide expert cancer care and groundbreaking treatments for adult and pediatric patients. (dana-farber.org)
  • Not indicated for pediatric patients under 18 years of age [see Use in Specific Populations ]. (rxlist.com)
Disorders4
  • Some patients can have normal pressure hydrocephalus as well as one of these other disorders at the same time. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Patients undergo a thorough evaluation by our team of physical therapists, all of whom are specially trained in the assessment of gait disorders. (brighamandwomens.org)
  • Its levels increase in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood proportionally to the degree of axonal damage in a variety of neurological disorders, including inflammatory, neurodegenerative, traumatic and cerebrovascular diseases. (bmj.com)
  • Since it is feasible to measure NfL concentration in the blood, it may be a promising biomarker for monitoring the disease course in CNS disorders and, ideally, for evaluating patients' response to treatments. (bmj.com)
Gram2
  • We investigated whether morphologic analysis of intracranial pressure dynamics predicts the onset of ventriculitis.Ventriculitis was defined as culture or Gram stain positive cerebrospinal fluid, warranting treatment. (stanford.edu)
  • In the ICU, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected for gram stain and culture and the patient was treated with piperacillin and tazobactam, levofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and vancomycin. (cdc.gov)
Complications1
  • 1-3 In the 1920s Greene hypothesised that complications could be reduced by using a smaller, tapered needle with a blunt tip, which would separate rather than cut dural fibres and thus reduce fluid leakage. (bmj.com)
Supine3
  • For either position, general anesthesia is typically induced in the standard supine position and after successful intubation of the trachea and placement of all further lines and monitors, the patient is transitioned to this more upright position. (renalandurologynews.com)
  • In awake patients, transitioning from the supine to upright position causes an increase in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and systemic blood pressure. (renalandurologynews.com)
  • This is best done with the patient in a supine, generally relaxed position and measured at end-expiration. (acep.org)
Potentially3
  • The earlier a patient receives medical attention, the less risk there is of potentially devastating consequences. (news-medical.net)
  • The appropriate utilization and interpretation of MEG studies can increase the proportion of patients who may be able to further pursue surgical evaluation, refine surgical planning, and potentially increase the probabilit. (researchgate.net)
  • Maintain patient under observation until recovered from nalbuphine effects that would affect driving or other potentially dangerous tasks. (nih.gov)
Patient's3
  • On December 3, 2009, the index patient, a man aged 36 years, was found unconscious at home by four police officers who had been asked by the patient's family to check on his welfare. (cdc.gov)
  • While positioned near the patient's head, one of the police officers (PO1) turned the patient to the patient's side and adjusted the patient's head to aid breathing. (cdc.gov)
  • Immediately afterward, PO1 left the patient's room, reentering only to check on the patient from a distance. (cdc.gov)
Prospective study2
  • Anxiety and depression in patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts-A prospective study. (uib.no)
  • Intracystic pressure in patients with temporal arachnoid cysts: a prospective study of preoperative complaints and postoperative outcome. (uib.no)
Circulation1
Blood pressure8
  • Risk factors for developing atherosclerosis include high blood pressure (hypertension), high blood cholesterol (hypercholesterolaemia), obesity, type-2 diabetes mellitus as well as excessive alcohol consumption. (news-medical.net)
  • Increased risk of hypotension if ability to maintain blood pressure has been compromised by a reduced blood volume or concurrent administration of certain CNS depressant drugs (eg, phenothiazines or general anesthetics). (medscape.com)
  • When the patient is moved after the induction of general anesthesia, the anesthesiologist must be aware of any blood pressure alterations and ensure a safe systemic blood pressure prior to any patient movement. (renalandurologynews.com)
  • He was placed in intensive care for pharmacologic support of his blood pressure. (cdc.gov)
  • Desflurane, USP, Liquid for Inhalation should not be used as the sole agent for anesthetic induction in patients with coronary artery disease or where increases in heart rate or blood pressure are undesirable. (nih.gov)
  • Those factors include posture, blood pressure, cerebrospinal fluid pressure, and even sleep, and they can hinder physicians' efforts to provide consistent control of IOP. (ophthalmologytimes.com)
  • His pulse was 75 beats/min, oral temperature 38 °C, blood pressure 80/120 mmHg and weight 58 kg. (who.int)
  • His pulse was 75 beats/min, oral tempera- ted to humans principally through exposure ture 38 °C, blood pressure 80/120 mmHg to contaminated milk products, is endemic and weight 58 kg. (who.int)
Bilateral2
  • The patient initially presented with fever and headache and gradually developed ataxia, disturbance of consciousness, respiratory muscle paralysis, bilateral facial paralysis and quadriplegia accompanied by significant atrophy of limb, temporalis and masseter muscles. (nel.edu)
  • Methods: The studied groups constituted patients with bilateral normal-tension glaucoma of the same stage ( n = 45) and age-matched healthy volunteers ( n = 17). (mdpi.com)
Severe5
  • As a result of severe stroke, patients may display cognitive decline, which may progress onto dementia (usually vascular dementia). (news-medical.net)
  • Patients with a history of moderate to severe hepatic dysfunction following anesthesia with halogenated agents and not otherwise explained. (nih.gov)
  • Patient was diagnosed as DHF in view of severe thrombocytopenia and was managed accordingly with resuscitative measures. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • On the 7th day of the fever, the patient developed severe headache, multiple episodes of vomiting, and altered sensorium. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • By contributing to multi-system organ dysfunction, IAH may be insidiously working against the recovery of some of our most critically ill patients and, at its most severe, can develop into abdominal compartment syndrome. (acep.org)
Pathway1
  • Determining the molecular changes in cells of the trabecular outflow pathway following treatment with intraocular pressure reduction agents (e.g. (mayo.edu)
Inadequate1
  • Reserve concomitant prescribing of these drugs in patients for whom other treatment options are inadequate. (medscape.com)
Adults1
  • Arachnoid cysts do not contain cerebrospinal fluid: A comparative chemical analysis of arachnoid cyst fluid and cerebrospinal fluid in adults. (uib.no)
Ventriculoperitoneal2
  • Because NPH eventually leads to atrophy, the ASV decreases and the patient is less likely to respond to ventriculoperitoneal shunting. (ajnr.org)
  • Five patients underwent postoperative ventriculoperitoneal shunting. (medscape.com)
Intraocular Pressure5
  • Elevated intraocular pressure is the primary risk factor for the disease and it is with this purpose that Dr. Fautsch has devoted his research efforts to understanding the physiology of intraocular pressure regulation. (mayo.edu)
  • Xalatan, Lumigan, and Travatan) and how these molecular changes influence intraocular pressure. (mayo.edu)
  • Identification and characterization by our laboratory of a new class of compounds (ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers) that lowers intraocular pressure and has neuroprotective properties. (mayo.edu)
  • Elevated intraocular pressure is the primary risk factor responsible for optic nerve damage and loss of vision in glaucoma. (mayo.edu)
  • Dr. Fautsch studies are geared towards identifying and characterizing new treatment options that will reduce elevated intraocular pressure and protect the optic nerve from damage in patients with glaucoma. (mayo.edu)
Parenchymal1
  • The parenchymal fluid contributes to the glymphatic system, and plays a fundamental role in pediatric hydrocephalus, with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) as the primary facilitator of these fluid movements. (biomedcentral.com)
Optic Disk1
Differential3
  • To date, most patients suffering from hydrocephalus have been treated by insertion of differential-pressure valves that have fairly constant resistance. (nih.gov)
  • A second stage consists of a variable-resistance flow regulator that maintains flow between 20 and 30 ml/hr at differential pressures of 80 to 350 mm H2O. (nih.gov)
  • The third stage is a safety device that operates at differential pressures above 350 mm H2O (inducing a rapid increase in CSF flow rate) and therefore prevents hyper-elevated ICP. (nih.gov)
Occur2
  • Elucidating the structural changes that occur in normal and glaucomatous eyes during elevated pressure. (mayo.edu)
  • How often do chronic extra-cerebral haematomas occur in patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts? (uib.no)
Quantitative3
  • Despite suggestions that blind spot measurement is useful for following up patients with this condition, we believe that sequential quantitative perimetry gives more complete information and is essential to rational decision making in the treatment of pseudotumor cerebri. (nih.gov)
  • Quantitative proteomics comparison of arachnoid cyst fluid and cerebrospinal fluid collected perioperatively from arachnoid cyst patients. (uib.no)
  • A finite element model has been built based on a CT scan of this patient, and quantitative comparisons between measures and simulated data are proposed. (hal.science)
Brain's1
  • Without surgery, about 85% of these patients will develop elevated pressure inside the skull which is harmful to the brain's health. (childrens.com)
Inflammatory3
  • For one, cryptococcal capsule antigens may have limited ability to induce an inflammatory response in the cerebrospinal fluid. (medscape.com)
  • Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome occurs in some patients after treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). (medscape.com)
  • Endotype 1 patients had low levels of inflammatory markers (ferritin, IL-6, CRP, LDH), low infectious markers (WBC, procalcitonin), and low degree of coagulopathy (PTT, PT), while endotype 4 had higher levels of those markers. (stanford.edu)
Normal13
General anesthesia2
  • However, under general anesthesia, the operating room team must carefully move and position each patient. (renalandurologynews.com)
  • Not all cases in this position mandate general anesthesia and patients undergoing procedures using regional anesthesia and light sedation can help assist positioning themselves prior to surgical incision. (renalandurologynews.com)
Headache3
  • Approach to the Patient With Headache Headache is pain in any part of the head, including the scalp, face (including the orbitotemporal area), and interior of the head. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Headache is one of the most common reasons patients seek medical. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Almost all patients have a daily or near daily generalized headache of fluctuating intensity, at times with nausea. (msdmanuals.com)