Pathogenesis hepatic cells apoptosis of human hepatic stellate hepatic stellate cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Liver fibrosis is a necessary stage for chronic liver diseases, and serious threat to human health. (oncotarget.com)
Hepatic fibrosis is a necessary stage for chronic liver diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the primary cell type responsible for fibrosis. (oncotarget.com)
Thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) has a potential role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and that it is especially associated with the activation of HSCs, however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. (oncotarget.com)
hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is the central link in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. (bvsalud.org)
A clinical study of bone mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis induced by hepatolenticular degeneration. (geneticsmr.com)
Phospholipase A2 is well known for its role in liver fibrosis and inhibition of tumour cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, it's necessary to express Cs sPLA2 in water-soluble form and determine whether the enzymatic activity of Cs sPLA2 or cell signalling pathways is involved in liver fibrosis caused by clonorchiasis. (biomedcentral.com)
The present study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of APE on CCl4‑induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. (spandidos-publications.com)
Organ coefficients, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hexadecenoic acid (HA), laminin (LN), procollagen type III (PCIII), hydroxyproline (Hyp), glutathione (GSH‑Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‑β1) levels were measured in rats with hepatic fibrosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Pathological assessment of CCl4‑induced fibrotic livers revealed a significant reduction of liver injury and development of hepatic fibrosis in rats treated with APE (2.6 and 5.2 g/kg). (spandidos-publications.com)
These results suggested that APE may protect against liver damage and inhibit the progression of CCl4‑induced hepatic fibrosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is recognized as one of the most prevalent types of liver disease. (spandidos-publications.com)
Early in the progression of hepatic fibrosis, a potent, fibrinogenic cytokine, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), was demonstrated to be locally and systemically increased in response to acute as well as chronic liver injury ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Vitamin D deficiency has been commonly present in patients with immune-mediated liver and non-liver diseases, and it has been associated with histological severity, advanced hepatic fibrosis, and non-response to conventional glucocorticoid therapy in autoimmune hepatitis. (springer.com)
Vitamin D inhibits proliferation and profibrotic marker expression in hepatic stellate cells and decreases thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats. (springer.com)
This review will focus on the contribution of high-throughput genomic and proteomic approaches to the study of fibrogenesis and fibrosis progression, concentrating on the most prevalent human chronic liver diseases and findings from animal models in liver tissue, isolated liver cells, cell lines and serum. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we investigated bleomycin-induced lung injury responses in young and aged mice at single-cell resolution to gain insights into the cellular and molecular contributions of aging to fibrosis. (researchgate.net)
Mesenchymal cells in the lung are crucial during development, but also contribute to the pathogenesis of fibrotic disorders, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the most common and deadly form of fibrotic interstitial lung diseases. (researchgate.net)
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are now considered to be the key contributors of pancreatic fibrosis (5, 11, 135). (pancreapedia.org)
Include shaping two new paradigms in hepatology research: the importance of metabolic risk factors in the progression of chronic liver diseases, and more recently proposing altered hepatic regeneration and the ductular reaction as a potential driver of hepatic fibrosis. (edu.au)
This innovative research on the association between the hepatic stem cell niche and fibrosis has led to increasing recognition internationally that fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis may be intrinsically associated with activation of this niche. (edu.au)

In addition, kinetin was found to inhibit the proliferation and migration of LX-2 cells. (bvsalud.org)
Paracrine effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on proliferation, apoptosis, and alpha-actin-2 expression in hepatic stellate cells. (geneticsmr.com)
When JNK signalling pathway is blocked by inhibitor SP600125, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is inhibited, with less proliferation and reduced expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteomic-based GO analysis demonstrated that biological processes such as cell deformation, proliferation, migration and wound healing occurred in the liver during the early infection. (biomedcentral.com)
It has been shown that inflammation caused by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) contributes to the occurrence and development of AS [ 1 ], which can promote vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration, proliferation, and transformation from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype [ 2 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
In the presence of human IL-17A, fibroblasts can sustain the proliferation of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors and induce maturation into neutrophils. (thermofisher.com)
These characteristics include inhibition of leucocyte proliferation, T cells apoptosis, and induction of macrophages along with reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion. (thctotalhealthcare.com)
This active form of vitamin D can inhibit immune cell proliferation, promote an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile, expand regulatory T cells, enhance glucocorticoid actions, increase glutathione production, and inhibit hepatic stellate cells. (springer.com)
We also observed activation and upregulated phagocytosis in macrophages, as well as proliferation and extracellular matrix overproduction in hepatic stellate cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) have been shown to play a function in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. (oncotarget.com)
The activation of resident HSCs into fibroblast-like cells is a hallmark of hepatic fibrogenesis [ 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
In this study, our data show that Tβ4 was significantly decreased in human HSC cell line LX-2 and CCl4-treated mouse liver, and Tβ4 significantly suppressed cell viability and migration of HSCs. (oncotarget.com)
These recent studies showed that curcumin inhibited HSCs activation, and suppressed hepatic fibrogenesis in vitro and in vivo ( 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The JNK signalling pathway is involved in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. (biomedcentral.com)
TGF-β has been reported to trigger the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), inducing their differentiation into fibroblasts. (spandidos-publications.com)
In response to the elevated glutamate in the liver, the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is up-regulated in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) along with enhanced production of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, which in turn stimulates cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB 1 R) on neighboring hepatocytes to increase de novo lipogenesis. (e-cmh.org)
In this review, we briefly describe the underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress-mediated glutamate secretion and endocannabinoid production in alcoholic steatosis and suggest a novel metabolic synapse between hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and hepatocytes. (e-cmh.org)

Recently, T β 4 has have been shown to promote the differentiation of progenitor cell lines to cardiomyocytes [ 8 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Endothelial progenitor cells derived from the peripheral blood of halfpipe- snowboarding athletes display specific functional properties. (geneticsmr.com)
CCN1 also induced Jag1 expression in hepatic stellate cells, whereupon they interacted with hepatic progenitor cells to promote their differentiation into cholangiocytes. (jci.org)
In health, PSCs are known to not only play a role in regulating normal extracellular matrix turnover but are also thought to have progenitor cell functions as well as a role in innate immunity. (pancreapedia.org)
Intradermal adipocyte progenitor cells are activated toward the end of the telogen phase to proliferate and differentiate into mature adipocytes. (jcadonline.com)

Although the mechanisms responsible for fatty liver are not fully elucidated, an increased delivery and transport of FFAs into the liver, and augmented hepatic fatty acid synthesis are likely to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. (spandidos-publications.com)

Patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis may benefit over the short term from specific therapies directed toward reducing liver injury, enhancing hepatic regeneration, and suppressing inflammation. (medscape.com)

Knock-in mice expressing a CCN1 mutant that is unable to bind α v β 5 /α v β 3 were impaired in ductular reaction, leading to massive hepatic necrosis and mortality after bile duct ligation (BDL), whereas treatment of these mice with soluble JAG1 rescued ductular reaction and reduced hepatic necrosis and mortality. (jci.org)
Traditionally, cell death has been divided into apoptosis and necrosis. (nature.com)
Recent studies have shown that in addition to necrosis and apoptosis, there are also other new programmed death modes, such as autophagy, necrosis and necrotic apoptosis, which have unique biological processes and pathophysiological characteristics. (nature.com)
It does not have the morphological characteristics of typical necrosis, such as swelling of the cytoplasm and organelles and rupture of the cell membrane, nor does it have the characteristics of traditional cell apoptosis, such as cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, formation of apoptotic bodies and disintegration of the cytoskeleton. (nature.com)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
This study examines exciting new hallmarks for the strict involvement of autophagy and TGF-β signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the design of novel therapeutic strategies. (frontiersin.org)
Once activated, p53 coordinates multiple downstream pathways, thereby maintaining the homeostasis of the host cell or organism (if the stress is mild, transient, and repairable) or eliminating damaged cells (if the stress is acute, prolonged, and difficult to resist). (nature.com)
Ferroptosis-inducing factors can directly or indirectly affect glutathione peroxidase through different pathways, resulting in a decrease in antioxidant capacity and accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, ultimately leading to oxidative cell death. (nature.com)
Proteomic data showed that apoptosis and junction-related pathways were enriched within 3 days of infection, indicating the occurrence of liver injury. (biomedcentral.com)
IL-23-dependent, IL-17A-producing CD4+ T cells (Th-17 cells) have been identified as a unique subset of Th cells that develops along a pathway that is distinct from the Th1- and Th2- cell differentiation pathways. (thermofisher.com)
Phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) triggers a battery of intracellular signaling pathways, especially PI3K/Akt, playing important roles in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, such as cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, cardiovascular dysfunction and so on. (biomedcentral.com)
The location of RSV fusion has to be further elucidated, since evidence is available for RSV using different pathways into the cell. (biomedcentral.com)

In 2012, Dixon 1 first proposed the concept of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic mode of cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). (nature.com)
In early culture, PSCs are polygonal in shape with abundant lipid droplets in the cytoplasm ( Figure 1B ) and express stellate cell selective markers such as desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin, neural cell adhesion molecule, nerve growth factor, and synemin (34, 167). (pancreapedia.org)

Furthermore, we discuss how published data supports the view that changing tissue environments induce the well-known different phenotypes of mononuclear phagocytes, a process that not only enforces each of the different environments but also explains the contribution of these cells to the different tissue pathologies. (hindawi.com)
The compound was able to induce apoptosis in 50% of the cells at the dose of 250µg/mL. (ircmj.com)
Clonorchis sinensis adults mainly parasitize in human hepatobiliary ducts and induce different clinical symptoms. (biomedcentral.com)
Mouse, rat, and human IL-17A can induce IL-6 secretion in mouse stromal cells, indicating that all homologs can recognize the mouse IL-17A receptor. (thermofisher.com)
APAP overdose can induce hepatic toxicity, known as acetaminophen -induced liver injury (AILI). (zju.edu.cn)

The development of isolation and culture methods for PSCs in 1998 helped to unravel the mechanisms involved in the process of pancreatic fibrogenesis (5, 11) and also helped researchers to investigate the functions of these cells both in health and disease. (pancreapedia.org)

All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is the most active metabolite of vitamin A. Several studies have described a pivotal role for RA signalling in different biological processes such as cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development and organogenesis. (mdpi.com)
Osteoblast differentiation of rabbit adipose-derived stem cells by polyethylenimine-mediated BMP-2 gene transfection in vitro. (geneticsmr.com)
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) have been widely used in hepatic diseases for centuries in Asia, and TCM's holistic concept and differentiation treatment of NAFLD show their advantages in the treatment of this complex metabolic disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) have been widely used in hepatic diseases including NAFLD for centuries in Asia, and TCM's holistic concept and differentiation treatment of NAFLD show their advantages in the treatment of this complex metabolic disease [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

miR16 has been shown to bind to a nine base pair to a complementary sequence in the 3' UTR region of BCL2, which is an anti-apoptotic gene involved in an evolutionarily conserved pathway in programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
Further study showed that kinetin attenuates activation and promotes apoptosis of LX-2 cells in vitro in part by suppressing the TGF-ß1/Smad signaling pathway. (bvsalud.org)
Correspondingly, transcriptomic results showed significant enrichment of cell cycle pathway on day 3 and 7. (biomedcentral.com)

The present invention provides a simple and robust human liver cell-based system in which persistent hepatitis C infection, persistent hepatitis B infection or ethanol exposure induces a clinical Prognostic Liver Signature (PLS) high-risk gene signature. (sumobrain.com)

MSCs have the capacity of multiple differentiations and self-renewal and have been proven to be able to differentiate into a series of cell lineages, such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). (springer.com)
Although liver failure can be treated via hepatocyte transplantation, it also faces multiple problems comprising the shortage of high-quality hepatocytes sources, rejection of allogeneic transplants, difficulty to expand, and losing hepatic characteristics in vitro [ 7 , 8 ]. (springer.com)

Equine chorionic gonadotropin influence on sheep oocyte in vitro maturation, apoptosis, and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor and luteinizing hormone receptor expression. (geneticsmr.com)
Previous studies have proven that rodent and human MSCs can differentiate into HLCs in vitro and in vivo , which is one of the mechanisms of MSCs in the treatment of liver failure. (springer.com)
As for in vitro studies, GLY-based herbicides resulted in DNA damage and endocrine disruption in human cell lines-HepG2 and MDA-MB453-kb2-under sub-agriculture doses [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

MicroRNA-139 modulates Alzheimer's-associated pathogenesis in SAMP8 mice by targeting cannabinoid receptor type 2. (geneticsmr.com)
Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), immunofluorescent staining, and in vivo animal studies, we analyzed the liver tissues from untreated and GLY-treated mice. (biomedcentral.com)

The pathogenesis in the early stages of ALD, including alcoholic steatosis, also varies with oxidative stress, alcohol metabolite-mediated toxicity, and activation of diverse inflammatory signals. (e-cmh.org)

mesenchymal stem cells are most commonly used because they are easy to obtain and present no ethical problems. (springer.com)
The aims of this article are to review the current knowledge regarding therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute liver failure, to discuss recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies in the treatment of mesenchymal stem cells, and to summarize the methodological improvement of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in treating liver failure. (springer.com)
However, lineage tracing studies with hepatic stellate cells (counterparts of PSCs in the liver) have confirmed a mesenchymal origin for these cells (9). (pancreapedia.org)
6,7 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have also been isolated from other sources, such as bone marrow, 8 the placenta, 9 muscle, 10 or blood. (jcadonline.com)

Curcumin also exerts potential anti-inflammatory effects in diverse cell types, including pancreatic cells, chondrocytes, and hepatic cells ( 9 , 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
An improved understanding of PSC biology and of the interactions of PSCs with other pancreatic cells provides a strong platform for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for notoriously hard to treat diseases of the pancreas such as chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. (pancreapedia.org)

During general alcohol metabolism, hepatocytes generate mitochondria- and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) whose accumulation elicits activation of the hepatic anti-oxidant system, including glutathione (GSH). (e-cmh.org)

How to intervene in the occurrence and development of related diseases by regulating cell ferroptosis has become a hotspot and focus of etiological research and treatment, but the functional changes and specific molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis still need to be further explored. (nature.com)
Molecular pathogenesis of acetaminophen-induced liver injury and its treatment options[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 2022, 23(4): 265-285. (zju.edu.cn)
Our study provides a comprehensive single-cell transcriptional picture of the toxic effect of GLY in the liver, which offers novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of the GLY-associated hepatotoxicity. (biomedcentral.com)

I am interested in the basic research to investigate the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. (hiroshima-u.ac.jp)

In humans, various sites like cannabinoid receptors (CBR) having a binding affinity with cannabinoids are distributed on the surface of different cell types, where endocannabinoids (ECs) and derivatives of fatty acid can bind. (thctotalhealthcare.com)
Vitamin D ameliorates stress ligand expression elicited by free fatty acids in the hepatic stellate cell line LX-2. (springer.com)

We also discuss the possibility of targeting p53-mediated ferroptotic responses for the treatment of human cancers and potentially, other diseases. (nature.com)
This paper systematically summarizes the latest progress in ferroptosis research, with a focus on providing references for further understanding of its pathogenesis and for proposing new targets for the treatment of related diseases. (nature.com)
In view of this, we reviewed the latest research progress on ferroptosis to provide some references for further understanding of its pathogenesis and for proposing new targets for the treatment of related diseases. (nature.com)
In addition, it has also been shown that smooth muscle actin appear in stress fibers of fibroblastic cells during pathological situations involving contractile phenomena such as wound healing and fibrocontractive diseases. (thermofisher.com)
Understanding the dynamic pathogenesis and treatment response in pulmonary diseases requires probing the lung at cellular resolution in real time. (researchgate.net)
PTEN expression alteration is crucial to the pathogenesis of cancer and other diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

Additionally, a brief summary is provided of cannabinoid receptors properties and their expression in the respiratory system and cells of the immune system. (thctotalhealthcare.com)

In addition, curcumin contributed to cell survival, as indicated by the restoration of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the inhibition of the mitochondrial biogenesis induced by HFFA. (spandidos-publications.com)
We confirmed that AEBSF inhibition is independent of the cell line used or RSV strain. (biomedcentral.com)

Interestingly, although the increased expression of CYP2E1-mediated xCT and ROS generation are mainly observed at the perivenous area (zone 3), fat accumulation is mostly detected at hepatic zone 2. (e-cmh.org)
Hepatic zonal-dependent fat accumulation in the early stage of ALD. (e-cmh.org)

We aimed to study these protective effects and to determine the mechanisms by which kinetin mediates HSC activation and apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)
For this purpose, the human HSC line LX-2 was treated with 10 ng/ml transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) for 24 h to stimulate activation. (bvsalud.org)
The initiation and development of tumor cell is accompanied by elevated stresses, such as oncogene activation, DNA damage, genome instability, and reprogrammed tumor metabolism. (nature.com)

Dysregulated autophagy in pancreatic β cells due to hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation is associated with diabetes and accompanied by dysregulated autophagy in insulin target tissues and the progression of diabetic complications. (frontiersin.org)
These cells, surrounding the hair follicles, secrete signaling molecules that control the progression of the hair cycle. (jcadonline.com)

Single cell transcriptome profiling revealed differences in gene expression during oocyte maturation in Haimen white goats. (geneticsmr.com)
Aging kidney and CKD share many common characteristic features with increased cellular senescence, a conserved program characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
Cellular senescence is characterized by an irreversible and permanent cell cycle arrest coupled with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)

In the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line, miR-16 has been shown to target the 3' UTR of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and repress the expression of VEGF, which is an important angiogenic factor. (wikipedia.org)
In the case of the ⫽ endothelial cells men, there was also a delay, but of only 3 years. (gotomydoctor.com)

Most tissues harbor resident mononuclear phagocytes, that is, dendritic cells and macrophages. (hindawi.com)
Mononuclear phagocytes are a group of phenotypic distinct members, often referred to as either macrophages or dendritic cells (DC), that derive from myeloid precursors and that contribute to the functions of peripheral tissues [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
In this paper we apply the tissue-centric perspective to discuss the role of resident and infiltrating macrophages and dendritic cells in different organs. (hindawi.com)
Macrophages and dendritic cells can produce 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D within the microenvironment. (springer.com)

The involvement of autophagy in the development of diabetes is corroborated by affecting the physiology and role of pancreatic β cells and the homeostasis of glucose. (frontiersin.org)
Several anti-diabetic strategies including adiponectin, ezetimibe, liraglutide, taurine, adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and even exercise as well as natural products such GABA tea, geniposide, guava extract, vitamin D have been shown to target autophagy. (frontiersin.org)

Among these unconventional activities, an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death, termed ferroptosis, attracts great interest. (nature.com)
Is p53-dependent ferroptosis sufficient for tumor suppression in the absence of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis? (nature.com)
Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death, which occurs with iron dependence. (nature.com)
What is the relationship between ferroptosis and other types of cell death? (nature.com)

Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is a CD4+ T cell-derived cytokine that promotes inflammatory responses in cell lines and is elevated in rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, and transplant rejection. (thermofisher.com)

In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that stem cells can effectively treat acute liver failure. (springer.com)

Although the conventional activities of p53 such as cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis are well accepted as the major checkpoints in stress responses, accumulating evidence implicates the importance of other tumor suppression mechanisms. (nature.com)
To date, various mechanisms have been suggested to explain the powerful tumor-suppressive effect of p53, including the induction of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. (nature.com)
Senescent cells elicit their fibrogenic actions primarily by secreting an assortment of inflammatory and profibrotic factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (frontiersin.org)
Increasing evidence indicates that senescent cells could be a promising new target for therapeutic intervention known as senotherapy, which includes depleting senescent cells, modulating SASP and restoration of senescence inhibitors. (frontiersin.org)
Unlike apoptosis, senescence is a state of which cells are still alive and metabolically active. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we summarize the evidence linking cellular senescence to the pathogenesis of CKD and discuss current understanding of the mechanism and regulators controlling senescence. (frontiersin.org)

IL-17A enhances expression of the intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in human fibroblasts. (thermofisher.com)

Downregulation of miR16 (as well as miR15) was observed in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. (wikipedia.org)

Whether under physiological or pathological conditions, cell death is an unavoidable and important link in the process of life and marks the end of the life of a cell. (nature.com)

In addition, we address different responses of alcohol metabolism that are specific to hepatic zones ( Fig. 1 ). (e-cmh.org)

Other much rarer genetic disorders can cause hepatic iron overload, but the clinical picture is usually dominated by symptoms and signs due to failure of other organs (eg, anemia in hypotransferrinemia or atransferrinemia, or neurologic defects in aceruloplasminemia). (msdmanuals.com)

Despite the lack of knowledge in this regard, in this study, results of this leading mechanism(s) that may run by the compound indicated that indole3carbaldehyde derivative has cytotoxic effects on AML cells in a dose-dependent fashion. (ircmj.com)

Thus, organ- and disease phase-specific microenvironments determine macrophage and dendritic cell heterogeneity in a temporal and spatial manner, which assures their support to maintain and regain homeostasis in whatever condition. (hindawi.com)

The expression of Tβ4 was significantly decreased in human HSC cell line LX-2 and CCl4-treated mouse liver. (oncotarget.com)
The human miR-16 precursor was discovered through detailed expression profile and Karyotype analyses of patients by Calin and colleagues. (wikipedia.org)
Real-time PCR analysis indicated that in compound-treated cells the gene expression level of Bcl-2 has been downregulated, while Bax was upregulated, compared to untreated control cells. (ircmj.com)
The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology made it possible to profile the gene expression at single-cell level in complex tissues. (biomedcentral.com)

Photomicrograph showing a normal rat pancreatic section immunostained for the stellate cell selective marker desmin (left) and a corresponding line diagram (right). (pancreapedia.org)

PSCs in their native state express abundant vitamin A (retinoids) containing droplets in their cytoplasm which is a characteristic feature of the "stellate cell system" in the body (138). (pancreapedia.org)

Carcinogenesis is a gradual process, involving multiple genetic mutations, thus every patient with malignancy presents with a heterogeneous population of cells. (wikipedia.org)
The blood microvascular endothelium consists of a heterogeneous population of cells with regionally distinct morphologies and transcriptional signatures in different tissues and organs. (researchgate.net)

The hallmark effector molecules of Th1 and Th2 cells, e.g. (thermofisher.com)

Photoreceptor cells are highly susceptible to oxidative-stress-induced damage due to their high metabolic rate. (mdpi.com)
The oxidative stress and inflammatory response were commonly upregulated in several cell types. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy27

Organisms11

Diseases26

Chemicals and Drugs120

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes47

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Fibrosis22

Proliferation9

HSCs8

Progenitor5

Role in the pathogenesis1

Enhancing hepatic regeneration1

Necrosis4

Pathways8

Lipid2

Induce5

Fibrogenesis1

Differentiation4

Pathway3

Induces1

Hepatocyte2

Vitro3

Mice2

Toxicity1

Mesenchymal4

Pancreatic cells2

Glutathione1

Molecular3

Nonalcoholic fatty liver1

Fatty2

Diseases6

Cannabinoid1

Inhibition2

Accumulation2

Activation3

Progression2

Transcriptome3

Endothelial2

Macrophages4

Autophagy2

Ferroptosis4

Cytokine1

Stem1

Senescence6

Fibroblasts1

Diffuse large B-1

Pathological1

Alcohol Metabolism1

Disorders1

Mechanism1

Macrophage1

Expression4

Marker1

Cytoplasm1

Heterogeneous population of cells2

Hallmark1

Oxidative stress2