• New methods: subunit vaccines, anti-idiotype and DNA vaccines. (jinnah.edu)
  • Patients have shown deposition of IgM in the involved tissue, and using anti-idiotype antibodies, IgM monoclonal antibodies were demonstrated to react with epidermal antigens. (medscape.com)
  • Causes of the monoclonal secondary disease include the following: B-cell neoplasms - Waldenström macroglobulinemia, lymphoma, chronic lymphoid leukemia, myeloma Non hematologic neoplasms Causes of polyclonal secondary cold agglutinin disease include the following: Mycoplasma infections. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cold agglutinins commonly have variable heavy-chain regions encoded by VH, with a distinct idiotype identified by the 9G4 rat murine monoclonal antibody. (wikipedia.org)
  • rarely, it may involve monoclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), or λ light chain restriction. (medscape.com)
  • those with an immunoglobulin G (IgG) monoclonal gammopathy are considered to be a distinct group. (medscape.com)
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) usually involves the expansion of a clone of CD5+ B cells synthesizing IgM antibodies. (omicsdi.org)
  • The invention also provides cells producing the antibodies, and methods of making and using the same. (justia.com)
  • The exact mechanism of autoantibodies production remains unknown in leprosy and other chronic inflammatory diseases and also the contribution of these antibodies to the pathogenesis of the disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pathologic cold agglutinins occur at titers over 1:1000 and react at 28-31 °C and sometimes at 37 °C. Cold agglutinin disease usually results from the production of a specific IgM antibody directed against the I/i antigens (precursors of the ABH and Lewis blood group substances) on red blood cells (RBCs). (wikipedia.org)
  • Cold agglutinin disease usually results from the production of a specific IgM antibody directed against the I/i antigens (precursors of the ABH and Lewis blood group substances) on red blood cells (RBCs). (medscape.com)
  • The complement system consists of more than 20 proteins in serum capable of lysing antibody-coated cells. (jinnah.edu)
  • The company was founded by a group of scientists with extensive experience in protein expression, antibody development, library construction, stable cell line construction, cell culture, gene editing, and other related services. (alphalifetech.com)
  • These classifications are based on the characteristics of the autoantibodies involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is postulated that such calcineurin inhibitors, which selectively affect T-cell function and spare B-lymphocytes, may interfere with the deletion of autoreactive T-cell clones, resulting in autoimmune disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. (lookformedical.com)
  • The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease. (lookformedical.com)
  • Disease, symptoms and pathogenesis. (jinnah.edu)
  • 3) We are defining the properties of cancer stem cells that initiate and sustain the unique disease features of acute leukemias through the use of various adoptive animal models. (stanford.edu)
  • An immune system is a collection of mechanisms within an organism that protects against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • Hence, primary hemostatic disorders are characterized by prolonged bleeding time, and the characteristic physical examination findings are petechiae and purpura. (medscape.com)
  • In comparison, defects in secondary hemostasis result in delayed deep bleeding (eg, into muscles and joints) and the characteristic physical examination finding is hemarthrosis. (medscape.com)
  • [ 21 ] It is found on cold agglutinin-producing malignant lymphoid cells in the bone marrow in persons with lymphoproliferative disorders, on a small proportion of normal lymphoid cells, and in the spleen of a 15-week-old fetus. (medscape.com)
  • Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. (lookformedical.com)
  • Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. (lookformedical.com)
  • 18:217-242), the β-chemokines regulate the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and thereby indirectly affect diapedesis and extravasation of immune cells from the circulation into tissues. (justia.com)
  • A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. (lookformedical.com)
  • Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. (lookformedical.com)
  • In addition to these basic issues concerning leukemia pathogenesis, we are devising new diagnostic procedures for detecting and monitoring leukemia patients based on molecular genetic abnormalities in the malignant cells. (stanford.edu)
  • [ 1 ] Donath-Landsteiner hemolytic anemia is also caused by a cold-reacting immunoglobulin, but most cases are due to polyclonal IgG. (medscape.com)
  • It is likely that polyclonal B-cell lymphoproliferation in AIDS is a complex result of EBV infection, HIV antigenic stimulation, and T-cell-dependent HIV activation. (lookformedical.com)
  • This mechanism also applies to hematopoietic cells transformed by other HOX genes, including CDX2, which is highly expressed in a majority of acute myeloid leukemias, thus providing a molecular approach based on GSK-3 inhibitory strategies to target HOX-associated transcription in a broad spectrum of leukemias. (stanford.edu)
  • Molecular characterization of IgA- and/or IgG-switched chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. (omicsdi.org)
  • The molecular data indicate that approximately 50% of B-CLL patients have amplifications of IgM+ B cells that undergo an isotype class switch. (omicsdi.org)
  • Peripheral blood smears may reveal clumps of red blood cells (RBCs). (medscape.com)
  • [ 8 ] Hypersensitivity to lipo-polysaccharide IL-1 production has been found in peripheral blood cells, particularly mononuclear cells. (medscape.com)
  • Our research focuses on developmental pathways that regulate hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation and are disrupted in the course of neoplastic transformation, particularly in leukemias and lymphomas. (stanford.edu)
  • Chemokines," which take their name from chemotactic cytokines, are small secreted polypeptides that regulate movement of immune cells into tissues (Baggiolini et al. (justia.com)
  • These B cells appear to be blocked at the antigen receptor-expressing stage of B cell differentiation and are thought not to undergo an isotype class switch to IgG or IgA production. (omicsdi.org)
  • One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). (lookformedical.com)
  • Lymphoma b cell. (lookformedical.com)
  • B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. (lookformedical.com)
  • A form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma having a usually diffuse pattern with both small and medium lymphocytes and small cleaved cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • The hemostatic system consists of platelets, coagulation factors, and the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. (medscape.com)
  • Under physiological circumstances, the resistance of the endothelial cell lining to interactions with platelets and coagulation factors prevents thrombosis. (medscape.com)
  • They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation. (lookformedical.com)
  • A classification of B-lymphocytes based on structurally or functionally different populations of cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • The β-chemokines form a gradient that serves as a chemoattractant and potential proliferation signal for immune and other cells such as monocytes, macrophages, basophils, eosinophils, T lymphocytes and fibroblasts. (justia.com)
  • Human MCP-1, MCP-2 and MCP-3 all have chemotactic activity for a variety of cell types, including T lymphocytes and monocytes (Van Coillie et al. (justia.com)
  • It is constitutively expressed in the skin and may play a role in T-CELL trafficking during cutaneous INFLAMMATION. (lookformedical.com)
  • The majority of mantle-cell lymphomas are associated with a t(11;14) translocation resulting in overexpression of the CYCLIN D1 gene (GENES, BCL-1). (lookformedical.com)
  • The immunoglobulin (Ig) variable region (V) genes expressed by IgM chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells display little or no somatic mutations. (omicsdi.org)
  • In the IgA/IgG-coexpressing CLL B cells, identical VH-D-JH cDNA sequences were spliced to either C alpha or C gamma genes. (omicsdi.org)
  • Lack of intraclonal diversification in Ig heavy and light chain V region genes expressed by CD5+IgM+ chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells: a multiple time point analysis. (omicsdi.org)
  • Leprosy offers a broad spectrum of altered immunological sceneries, ranging from strong cell-mediated immune responses seen in tuberculoid leprosy (TT), through borderline leprosy (BB), to the virtual absence of T cell responses characteristic in lepromatous leprosy (LL). (bvsalud.org)
  • These findings suggest that IgA- and/or IgG-expressing CLLs represent, in their VH gene structure, transformants of B cells at different stages of ontogeny. (omicsdi.org)
  • A high frequency of RF positivity was observed among the leprosy patients (41.2%, 40/97), with RF immunoglobulin A (IgA) significantly associated with arthritis (OR = 7.9, 95% CI = 1.5-40.6 P = 0.008). (bvsalud.org)
  • A monocyte chemoattractant protein that has activity towards a broad variety of immune cell types. (lookformedical.com)
  • Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. (lookformedical.com)
  • the IL-17 family - It has yet to be completely characterized, though member cytokines have a specific effect in promoting proliferation of T-cells that cause cytotoxic effects. (wikidoc.org)
  • Cell biology and significance of different pathways for antigen processing and presentation by class I and class II MHC. (jinnah.edu)
  • This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth. (lookformedical.com)
  • Other shared functions of MCP-1, MCP-2, and MCP-3 include induction of N-acetyl β-D-glucosaminidase release, gelatinase B release, and granzyme A release which are believed to help the cells digest the extracellular matrix components necessary to enable them to migrate into tissues (Van Coillie et al. (justia.com)
  • It detects a wide variety of agents, from viruses to parasitic worms , and needs to distinguish them from the organism's own healthy cells and tissues in order to function properly. (wikidoc.org)
  • [1] The immune systems of vertebrates such as humans consist of many types of proteins , cells, organs , and tissues, which interact in an elaborate and dynamic network. (wikidoc.org)
  • In all five CLLs, the pattern of C mu DNA probe hybridization to the digested genomic DNAs was consistent with deletion of the C mu exon from the rearranged Ig gene locus, suggesting that these CLL B cells had undergone DNA switch recombination. (omicsdi.org)
  • Cytokines have been variously named as lymphokines , interleukins and chemokines , based on their presumed function, cell of secretion or target of action. (wikidoc.org)
  • Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. (lookformedical.com)
  • While hormones are released from specific organs into the blood and neurotransmitters are released by nerves, cytokines are released by many types of cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • Cytokines are produced by a wide variety of cell types (both haemopoietic and non-haemopoietic) and can have effects on both nearby cells or throughout the organism. (wikidoc.org)
  • To test the hypothesis that in vivo isotype class switching occurs in IgM+ B-type CLL cells, we analyzed the PBMC of 19 CLL patients for the presence of transcripts encoding the rearranged CLL V(H)DJ(H) associated with either gamma or alpha H chains. (omicsdi.org)
  • Furthermore, B cells expressing IgG and IgA of the same idiotype or V(H) family and the same CDR3 length as those of the CLL IgM+ clone can be identified in the blood of patients studied using multiparameter immunofluorescence analyses. (omicsdi.org)
  • Collectively, these data suggest that not all members of a B-CLL clone are frozen at the surface membrane Ig-expressing stage of B cell maturation, and that some members can switch to the production of non-IgM isotypes. (omicsdi.org)
  • We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer. (stanford.edu)
  • In many instances, these CLL-related gamma and alpha transcripts are much more plentiful than those of normal B cells that produce the same isotype. (omicsdi.org)
  • WorldCat has the area's largest l ground, giving you send study characteristics complete. (filipinocrewclaims.com)
  • These isotype-switched CLL B cells expressed surface HLA-DR, CD19, CD23, and CD5, and displayed no alterations of the bcl-1 and bcl-2 oncogenes and the p53 tumor-suppressor gene. (omicsdi.org)
  • The cellular data indicate that B cells with lesser amounts of surface membrane IgD and higher IgM/IgD ratios are more likely to undergo this switching process. (omicsdi.org)
  • Each cytokine binds to a specific cell-surface receptor . (wikidoc.org)
  • They also suggest that Ag may play a role in the clonal selection of some of these isotype-switched leukemic cells, but bcl-1 and bcl-2 oncogene rearrangements and p53 tumor suppressor gene mutation are not associated with the pathogenesis of isotype-switched CLLs. (omicsdi.org)
  • The term chemokine refers to a specific class of cytokines that mediates chemoattraction ( chemotaxis ) between cells. (wikidoc.org)