• This study examines exciting new hallmarks for the strict involvement of autophagy and TGF-β signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the design of novel therapeutic strategies. (frontiersin.org)
  • As animal models continue to aid in defining the pathobiological mechanisms of and possible novel therapeutic interventions for COPD, the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model are discussed. (cdc.gov)
  • We will use genetic suppression and drug treatment to better understand the bases of myosin malfunction and to develop our model system as a means of testing potential therapeutic approaches. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • 3D cell culture models of cancer are currently being developed to recapitulate in vivo physiological conditions and to assess therapeutic responses. (awionline.org)
  • Image-guided surgery and intervention, computational modeling for therapeutic applications, soft-tissue mechanics, biotransport, and inverse problems in therapeutics and imaging. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Such mechanistic studies will facilitate animal model generation to further understand disease pathogenesis and ultimately benefit pMHC based therapeutic development. (mskcc.org)
  • In addition, ER stress is a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate PD pathogenesis. (lu.se)
  • The viral protein corona directs viral pathogenesis and amyloid aggregation. (alzforum.org)
  • Once identified, the function of these viral genes will be examined using in vitro and in vivo models of CMV-accelerated vascular disease. (ohsu.edu)
  • Determining the function of CMV-encoded chemokine receptors in the context of viral pathogenesis and acceleration of vascular disease. (ohsu.edu)
  • He graduated from University of Wisconsin-Madison with a Ph.D. in Viral Pathogenesis in 1997. (ohsu.edu)
  • The 'Disease Modeling and Transmission' (DMT) Section was established in August 2008 and conducts innovative research on viral pathogens requiring high or maximum containment. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, one of the lymphatics draining components, CSF, contains abundant α-synuclein (α-syn), a protein critically involved in PD pathogenesis and neuroinflammation. (lu.se)
  • Aside from AD's main pathological hallmarks, chronic neuroinflammation strongly contributes to AD pathogenesis [7]. (lu.se)
  • These animal models suggest that complement C3 is present after the amyloid pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is underway," Dr. Sullivan explained. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • APOE4 aggravates amyloid pathology, increases microglial reactivity, and worsens cognition in animal models of AD [8, 9]. (lu.se)
  • Standard infl uenza ly virulent infl uenza A viruses share the same pathogenesis, symptoms include fever, cough, headache, sore throat, and we compared 2 different infl uenza A virus subtypes, H1N1 dehydration, with some reports of diarrhea, vomiting, and and H5N1. (cdc.gov)
  • Within the influenza division, we have a branch, and it's focused on surveillance for all influenza viruses, and that includes both human seasonal strains, as well as influenza viruses that circulate in animal hosts. (cdc.gov)
  • And I'm the team lead of a laboratory that focuses only on the zoonotic influenza viruses, or those strains that are typically found only in animals, but occasionally can infect humans. (cdc.gov)
  • We know that there is a lot of different infectious diseases that are caused by viruses, parasites, bacteria that are typically found in animal hosts, but when humans get infected, they can cause disease, and influenza's no exception. (cdc.gov)
  • Most of the time those influenza viruses don't infect people, but when they do, we're especially concerned because humans don't have immunity to the viruses that typically circulate in those other animals that I mentioned. (cdc.gov)
  • DMT's general work philosophy/strategy combines areas such as 'molecular biology', 'tissue culture', 'immunology' and 'animal models' with the goal to develop vaccines and therapeutics for emerging zoonotic viruses, the mission of the Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR) and NIAID. (nih.gov)
  • Leprosy : cultivation of the etiologic agent, immunology, animal models, proceedings of the Workshop on Future Problems in the Microbiology of M. Leprae [held in Baltimore, Maryland], 12-15 October 1976. (who.int)
  • 2023. Are currently selected laboratory animals useful in the research of how female hormones influence orthodontic biomechanics? (awionline.org)
  • The new 4-year PhD programme in One Health Models of Disease: Science, Ethics and Society will provide unique training in state-of-the-art techniques in the design and application of new One Health models of neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, developmental, and infectious diseases of humans and animals. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Dr. Streblow's lab has also generated a rhesus macaque (RM) chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection animal model to identify correlates of CHIKV pathogenesis and to test novel antivirals and vaccines. (ohsu.edu)
  • We provide a new candidate mechanism for modulating the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases sensitive to protein dosage. (nih.gov)
  • 2021. Management of morbidity and mortality in a New Zealand white rabbit model of steroidinduced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. (awionline.org)
  • 2021. Animal-centric Care and Management - Enhancing Refinement in Biomedical Research. (awionline.org)
  • Animal modeling plays a pivotal role in all projects and therefore pathology and pathogenesis are key components of DMT's work. (nih.gov)
  • Our understanding of the pathogenesis mechanisms leading to lupus has been augmented by the analysis of several different murine models over the past four decades. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Various mouse models of spontaneous lupus have been employed in an effort to understand the cellular and genetic mechanisms behind induction of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to the pathogenesis of lupus are discussed in the following sections and are illustrated in Figure 1 . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Animal models and mechanisms of tobacco smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (cdc.gov)
  • Despite its significance, many WAT-related pathophysiogical mechanisms in humans are still not understood, largely due to the reliance on non-human animal models. (nature.com)
  • Here, we propose to use a transgenic animal model system, Drosophila melanogaster (the fruit fly), to define the mechanisms by which mutations in various thin filament components lead to human cardiac disease. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Determining the mechanisms of CMV-accelerated vascular disease in both mouse models of atherosclerosis and rat organ transplantation models using a DNA microarray approach. (ohsu.edu)
  • For this reason, its study provides a huge advantage and can help understand the mechanisms involved in different processes such as pathogenesis, environmental disinfection, nutrient utilization, antibiotic resistance, and diagnostic/detection methods, and these are indeed the topics discussed in this book. (intechopen.com)
  • Thus, we began with exploring the possible structural and functional alterations of the dCLN in a PD mouse model (A53T mice) and investigated the role of pathological α-syn in peripheral inflammation and its potential underlying molecular mechanisms. (lu.se)
  • This review briefly described the epidemiology and transmission of MPXV between animals and humans and summarizes past studies on the ecology of MPXV in wild animals and experimental studies in captive animal models, with a focus on how animal infections have informed knowledge concerning various aspects of this pathogen. (usgs.gov)
  • The pathogenesis of fungal infections in preterm infants involves adherence, colonization, and dissemination (as is shown in the image below). (medscape.com)
  • Pathogenesis and invasive fungal infections in very low birth weight infants. (medscape.com)
  • The catastrophic lethality of the 1918 pandemic makes of a single, universal cytokine storm underlying all fatal infl u- it paramount that we understand the disease pathogenesis enza diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • Animal models provide a mechanism for fundamental studies of the coupling between hemodynamics and pathophysiology in diseases such as saccular aneurysms. (ajnr.org)
  • Students will be supervised by world-leading life scientists addressing important diseases of humans and animals, and social scientists and bioethicists conducting cutting-edge research into the social and ethical dimensions of 21st century science. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Members of this species vary from very pathogenic agents causing different types of diseases including meningitis, gastroenteritis, and septicemia, just to cite a few, to harmless organisms living in the intestines of both humans and animals. (intechopen.com)
  • Retroviruses of human A.I.D.S. and related animal diseases : 7e Colloque des "cent gardes", 26-27-28 octobre 1992, Marnes-la-Coquette, Paris, France / edited by Marc Girard, Louis Valette. (who.int)
  • Nonhuman primate models for human diseases / editor, W. Richard Dukelow. (who.int)
  • The Armadillo as an experimental model in biomedical research : proceedings of a workshop held at the Pan American Center for Research and Training in Leprosy and Tropical Diseases, Caracas, Venezuela, 23-27 May 1977. (who.int)
  • Some gut bacteria species can induce autoimmunity in genetically predisposed animal models ( 6 , 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Numerous studies have linked neutrophils to the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmunity. (news-medical.net)
  • Salmonella is a prevalent food-borne pathogen and a model system for the study of virulence and pathogenesis. (usda.gov)
  • This mini-review discusses the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of RA, summarizes the diagnostic value of gut microbe-based biomarkers, and outlines mutual influences between the gut microbiota and some drugs used to treat RA. (frontiersin.org)
  • This review will compare various animal models to the available descriptions of human pathogenesis and aims to evaluate their effectiveness in modeling important aspects of Marburg virus disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We will produce several new models of actin and troponin-T-based cardiomyopathies to determine the molecular defects that drive diverse and complex tissue remodeling. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Using a transgenic model system, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, we will produce models of human myosin-based muscle disease (distal arthrogryposis) and heart disease (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) to determine the molecular defects that cause abnormal skeletal and cardiac muscle function. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • An increasing number of marine animals are equipped with biologgers, to study their physiology, behaviour and ecology, often for conservation purposes. (awionline.org)
  • Recent Advances on Physiology, Pathogenesis and Biotechnological Applications' PRINT ISBN: 978-953-51-3329-2 Libraries are offered a 20% discount on retail book prices. (intechopen.com)
  • The current unprecedented global outbreak of mpox has demonstrated higher numbers of human cases and greater human-to-human transmission than previously documented, necessitating an urgent need to better understand this disease in humans and animals. (usgs.gov)
  • Knowledge gaps were highlighted in areas where future research, both in captive and free-ranging animals, could inform efforts to understand and control this disease in both humans and animals. (usgs.gov)
  • There are over 2400 Salmonella serotypes each of which differs in their ability to cause disease in humans and animals, persist within the host, and survive in the environment. (usda.gov)
  • Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a condition documented in humans and animals exposed to chronic steroid administration. (awionline.org)
  • The goal of this review is to discuss the systemic and local immune responses - as learned from the studies employing various mouse model systems - that lead to the development of lupus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Technological advances in genome editing and animal bioscience have potential for huge societal impact, and are opening up enormous opportunities for the development of novel and innovative models of disease at the cellular, tissue and whole animal scale. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Recent years have witnessed major advances in the ability of computerized systems to track the positions of animals as they move through large and unconstrained environments. (awionline.org)
  • This article discusses the alloimmune-dependent and -independent risk factors for bronchiolitis obliterans, the current understanding of the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis obliterans based on results of animal and human studies, the clinical staging of the complication, strategies that may contribute to the prevention and/or early detection of bronchiolitis obliterans, and suggestions for future research. (ersjournals.com)
  • On the basis divided into aliquots for direct use in pathotyping studies, of these mostly retrospective studies, the pathogenesis of and their titers were determined by standard plaque (sub- infl uenza-associated ARDS is widely viewed as being the type H1N1) or median tissue culture infective dose assays same whatever the infecting strain. (cdc.gov)
  • Overall, each model has its advantages and disadvantages and is differentially suited for studies of dengue pathogenesis and immunopathogenesis and/or pre-clinical testing of antiviral drugs and vaccines. (mdpi.com)
  • Without field efficacy studies, researchers must rely on animal models of MARV infection to assess the efficacy of vaccines and treatments, with the limitations being the accuracy of the animal model in recapitulating human pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This information, along with data on ZDV efficacy in preventing perinatal transmission (3) and evidence that PEP prevented or ameliorated retroviral infection in some studies in animals (4), prompted a Public Health Service (PHS) interagency working group *, with expert consultation (5), in June 1996 to issue provisional recommendations for PEP for HCWs after occupational HIV exposure (6). (cdc.gov)
  • 16 While in vitro systems such as parallel plate and T-chamber flow systems provide an opportunity for highly controlled investigations of cellular response to various types of hemodynamic stresses, such model systems are limited to short-duration studies. (ajnr.org)
  • 18 In contrast, animal models provide a mechanism for fundamental studies of the impact of chronically altered WSS on the intact vascular wall. (ajnr.org)
  • Studies in animal models suggest that oxygen radicals may be important in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. (jci.org)
  • 2022. Animal welfare considerations when conducting OECD test guideline inhalation and toxicokinetic studies for nanomaterials. (awionline.org)
  • In this review, the pathogenesis and associated risk factors of COPD are examined in different mammalian models of the disease. (cdc.gov)
  • 2022. The promise of behavioral tracking systems for advancing primate animal welfare. (awionline.org)
  • These findings suggest that the profound depletion of pancreatic glutathione caused by hyperstimulation of the pancreas with caerulein is critically important in the pathogenesis of acute caerulein-induced pancreatitis. (jci.org)
  • The development of animal models of dengue virus (DENV) infection and disease has been challenging, as epidemic DENV does not naturally infect non-human species. (mdpi.com)
  • Animal models of MVD are necessary to develop and test potential vaccines and treatments, and the ability of these models to reflect human pathogenesis is essential to moving forward into clinical trials. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While no single animal model might mimic all features of human COPD, a wide variety of published models have collectively helped to improve our understanding of disease processes involved in the genesis and persistence of COPD. (cdc.gov)
  • In both human and animal disease models, these immune cells are frequently located at the areas of tissue inflammation where they support inflammatory response. (news-medical.net)
  • Hemodynamics and Anatomy of Elastase-Induced Rabbit Aneurysm Models: Similarity to Human Cerebral Aneurysms? (ajnr.org)
  • In this work, we evaluated the capability of an elastase-induced saccular aneurysm model in rabbits to reproduce the anatomic and hemodynamic features typical for human intracranial aneurysms. (ajnr.org)
  • Geometric features, including aneurysm height, width, neck diameter, aspect ratio, and NSI of all 51 rabbit aneurysm models fell within the range reported for human IAs. (ajnr.org)
  • Most hemodynamic and geometric features in a commonly used elastase-induced rabbit saccular aneurysm model are qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those seen in large numbers of human cerebral aneurysms. (ajnr.org)
  • This Wellcome programme combines training in experimental techniques, bioethics and social sciences for human and animal health. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Human APOE4 increases microglia reactivity at Abeta plaques in a mouse model of Abeta deposition. (lu.se)
  • A growing body of literature implicates the peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPARs) in the pathogenesis and treatment of NAFLD. (wjgnet.com)
  • Increased expression of inflammatory cytokines, lysyl oxidase, transforming growth factor-β, impaired megakaryocyte function, and aberrant JAK-STAT signaling have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of bone marrow fibrosis. (haematologica.org)
  • Models of pathogenesis include autoimmune destruction, inflammatory response to luminal factors, and myofibroblast dysfunction (for CC). (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Animal models suggest bacterial translocation may play a role by inducing an inflammatory cascade in colonic mucosa leading to increased mucosal permeability, cytokine release, degradation of collagen matrix, and dysregulation of subepithelial myofibroblasts. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Broeckel R, Haese N,Messaoudi I, Streblow DN;Nonhuman Primate Models of Chikungunya VirusInfection and Disease (CHIKV NHP Model). (ohsu.edu)
  • Humanized mouse models can sustain DENV replication and show some signs of disease, but further development is needed to validate the immune response. (mdpi.com)
  • This expanding knowledge in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation is generating new therapies. (northwestern.edu)
  • Such models can transform our approach to understanding pathogenesis, facilitating the development of therapies or preventive measures. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Here we review the pathogenesis, biological consequences, and prognostic impact of bone marrow fibrosis. (haematologica.org)
  • Methods: In this study, the transgenic mice (prnp-SNCA*A53T) which specifically overexpressed A53T mutant α-syn in CNS were employed as the PD animal model. (lu.se)
  • Data from this rapidly aging, genetically tractable model system will be correlated with aged mammalian systems (with and without dysfunction) to assess the predictive power of the fly model in determining age-associated negative changes in heart performance. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • APOE4-specific changes in Abeta accumulation in a new transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease. (lu.se)
  • Whereas there is little evidence to indicate whether self-antigens in SLE are aberrant in sequence or structure, there is evidence that the aberrant handling of self-antigens could facilitate lupus pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Animal work is supported by the Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch with board-certified clinical veterinarians and veterinary pathologists. (nih.gov)
  • However, research using various mouse strains of spontaneous and inducible lupus in the last two decades has provided insights into the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of this disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • So we at the NIMH Division of AIDS Research are very happy to be co-sponsoring this conference with the Ragon Institute, recognizing the importance of macrophages in HIV pathogenesis and cure efforts. (nih.gov)
  • This database, created in 2000, is updated every three months with newly published scientific articles, books, and other publications related to improving or safeguarding the welfare of animals used in research. (awionline.org)
  • Refinement is one of the ethical pillars of the use of animals in research. (awionline.org)
  • Man and mouse : animals in medical research / William Paton. (who.int)
  • Here, we will review the present understanding - as garnered from studying mouse models - about the roles of various immune cells in lupus pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This mini-review discusses the impact of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of RA, the selection of gut microbiota-related biomarkers for diagnosing RA, and provides examples of cross-modulation between the gut microbiota and some drugs commonly used to treat RA. (frontiersin.org)
  • Each animal model included in this review is exclusively created by tobacco smoke (TS) exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • The prominent role of autophagy signaling pathway was supported by the alteration of autophagy markers in patients and animal models of T1DM, T2DM, and gestational diabetes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Do Cathepsins Play a Role in AAA Pathogenesis? (chipsbooks.com)
  • The OECD test guidelines for animal experiments play an important role in evaluating the chemical hazards. (awionline.org)
  • Applications of behavioral training to laboratory animals. (awionline.org)
  • Laboratory Animal Science Professional 9(1) (January/February), 13-15. (awionline.org)
  • The concept of the 3Rs (Refinement, Reduction and Replacement) has been used as a framework for improving the welfare of laboratory animals for the last half century. (awionline.org)
  • Animal tests performed using OECD guidelines, especially when the good laboratory practice (GLP) principle is applied, reduce the duplication. (awionline.org)
  • Animal Models of Chikungunya Virus Infection and Disease. (ohsu.edu)
  • Acting by reducing inflammation, they prevent neurodegeneration in animal models and may be an important new approach to slow progression of the disease. (uab.edu)
  • 17 Furthermore, those systems typically only provide information about an isolated layer of endothelial cells, though recent coculture models have yielded results for the coupled response of multiple wall components. (ajnr.org)
  • V. Diagnostic Microbiology based on pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)