• The etiology of Möbius syndrome remains controversial, but it appears to be multifactorial. (medscape.com)
  • Von Graefe and Möbius accepted only cases with congenital facial diplegia and bilateral abducens nerve palsies as constituting Möbius syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Whether nerve, brainstem, or muscle aplasia is the primary event has not been established. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, fibers of the seventh cranial nerve wrap around the VIth nerve nucleus, and, if this is also affected, a VIth nerve palsy with ipsilateral facial palsy will result. (wikipedia.org)
  • In Millard-Gubler syndrome, a unilateral softening of the brain tissue arising from obstruction of the blood vessels of the pons involving sixth and seventh cranial nerves and the corticospinal tract, the VIth nerve palsy and ipsilateral facial paresis occur with a contralateral hemiparesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • In most studies, Möbius syndrome is defined as congenital facial weakness combined with abnormal ocular abduction. (medscape.com)
  • By definition, traumatic injuries are not part of the Möbius syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • In children, Harley reports typical causes as traumatic, neoplastic (most commonly brainstem glioma), as well as idiopathic. (wikipedia.org)
  • A striking feature in persons with Möbius syndrome is the high incidence of associated congenital deformities. (medscape.com)
  • Ear deformities have been described in patients with Möbius syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • An example of a development cause is Möbius syndrome , which has an incidence of 1 per 50,000 births. (medscape.com)
  • [ 7 ] In a nationwide Dutch survey reported in 2003, the prevalence of Möbius syndrome was at least 0.002% of births (4 cases per 189,000 newborns) for the years 1996-1998. (medscape.com)