AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsHealth Care
Spinal Cord IschemiaParaplegiaSpinal CordSpinal Cord InjuriesIschemiaSpastic Paraplegia, HereditaryAortic Aneurysm, ThoracicParaparesisCerebrospinal Fluid PressureConstrictionAorta, ThoracicReperfusion InjuryBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationAortographySpinal Cord CompressionSubclavian ArteryReperfusionInfarctionParaparesis, SpasticRabbitsInjections, SpinalEvoked Potentials, SomatosensoryMonitoring, IntraoperativeSpinal Cord DiseasesThoracic ArteriesAortic Aneurysm, AbdominalMyocardial IschemiaBrain IschemiaSpinal Cord NeoplasmsTime FactorsDrainageMotor NeuronsEvoked Potentials, MotorAortic DiseasesAorta, AbdominalEndovascular ProceduresDisease Models, AnimalBlood Vessel ProsthesisIschemic PreconditioningNeurologic ExaminationNeuroprotective AgentsPostoperative ComplicationsHypothermia, InducedCerebrospinal FluidHindlimbVascular Surgical ProceduresAortic AneurysmQuadriplegiaRats, Sprague-DawleyAneurysm, DissectingTreatment OutcomeRegional Blood FlowThoracotomyTomography, X-Ray ComputedLaminectomyThoracic VertebraeAortic RuptureSpinal Nerve RootsAngioplastyTuberculosis, SpinalEmbolismIntraoperative ComplicationsRandom AllocationStentsNeuronsSpinal NeoplasmsSpinal NervesSpinal DiseasesIliac ArterySpinal Cord RegenerationMalondialdehydeIn Situ Nick-End LabelingProsthesis DesignCervical VertebraeMyelographyRetrospective StudiesAnastomosis, SurgicalRecovery of FunctionSpinal CanalSpinal InjuriesImmunohistochemistryLumbosacral RegionAnesthesia, SpinalWheelchairsMyelitisAxonsUmbilical CordMuscle SpasticityEpidural SpaceSpinal FusionPosterior Horn CellsParalysisSpinal StenosisBlood PressureLocomotionHematoma, Epidural, Spinal
InfarctionIschemicAcuteBrain ischemiaLower limbsArteryCompressionLumbar spinNeurologicHemorrhageTraumaAortaInjuriesParalysisVenousVertebralAortic dissectionArterialBlood flow to the spinal cordArteriesMyelopathyDisruptionPosterior spinal cordComplicationLesionTumorsPrognosisTraumatic spinal cord iCentral spinal cord syndromeTractsInjuryIschaemic spinalPatientsTissueAnesthesiaPerfusion pressureCervical cordCerebralQuadriplegiaSegmentalRadicularIncompleteOccursNerveThoracoabdominalNeurological deficitParesisThoracic spineSymptomaticAbstractAnterior and posteriorSpineOnsetClinicalShock
Infarction22
Ischemic4
  • The process of diagnosing the ischemic and hemorrhagic spinal cord stroke includes applying different MRI protocols and CT scan. (wikipedia.org)
  • Shock wave treatment protects from neuronal degeneration via a toll-like receptor 3 dependent mechanism: implications of a first-ever causal treatment for ischemic spinal cord injury - Paraplegia following spinal cord ischemia represents a devastating complication of both aortic surgery and endovascular aortic repair. (joinsoftwave.com)
  • However, they can be the reason that ischemic heart attacks, strokes, renal ischemia, and other forms of this event end up causing lasting damage. (hamptonking.com)
  • Complications of endovascular stent-graft repairs of the thoracic aorta include spinal cord ischemic injury, retrograde aortic dissection, and iliofemoral arterial injury. (mhmedical.com)
Acute13
  • Acute spinal cord ischemia syndrome is a rare condition comprising a small fraction of neurovascular accidents, the majority of which occur within the cerebral circulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this case report, we review acute spinal cord ischemia syndrome and consider the pathophysiology, diagnostic measures and prognostic factors associated with patient recovery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Acute spinal cord ischemia syndrome with atypical patterns of sensory deficit is uncommon. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Acute spinal cord ischemia syndrome (ASCIS) is predictably due primarily to pathology in the anterior spinal artery, its feeders or its branches. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we characterized the effect of intraspinal grafting of clinical grade human fetal spinal cord-derived neural stem cells (HSSC) on the recovery of neurological function in a rat model of acute lumbar (L3) compression injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Peri-acute intraspinal grafting of HSSC can represent an effective therapy which ameliorates motor and sensory deficits after traumatic spinal cord injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Spinal ischemia underlies 6% of acute myelopathies [1]. (fortunejournals.com)
  • In the recently published case report by Haynes et al, intraarticular thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in combination with verapamil and an antiplatelet agent (Eptifibatide) was performed for acute occlusion of the anterior spinal artery in a 52-year-old patient. (fortunejournals.com)
  • These include acute transverse myelitis, spinal cord compression, and various demyelinating disorders. (medicinelearners.com)
  • POD#8 brain MRI demonstrated multiple small areas of acute ischemia consistent with meningitis. (pmrjabstracts.org)
  • Key studies are reviewed that have demonstrated the possibility of using glutamate receptors and their antibodies as potential biomarkers of acute and chronic cerebral ischemia. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
  • Complete spinal cord injury is the complete sensory and motor loss below the site of spinal cord injury following acute or chronic destruction, compression, or ischemia of the spinal cord. (amboss.com)
  • Initially, this may manifest as spinal shock , which is an acute physiological loss or depression of spinal cord function. (amboss.com)
Brain ischemia2
  • What happens if there is posterior cord ischemia or brain ischemia? (studystack.com)
  • Experimental data are presented, showing that NR2 peptide expression increases in brain ischemia, its fragments passing through the blood-brain barrier and entering the bloodstream, thus stimulating the immune response and autoantibody production. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
Lower limbs4
  • This reduces the supply of blood and oxygen to the spinal cord (ischaemia) and tissue damage can lead to the partial or incomplete paralysis of the lower limbs (paresis) and paraplegia (paralysis of the legs and lower part of the body). (cochrane.org)
  • Yet, we couldn´t find any reported case of a trauma patient, that describes a late onset complete paraplegia of the lower limbs caused by spinal chord ischaemia without a spinal (chord) injury. (fortunejournals.com)
  • All four limbs (quadriplegia) or the lower limbs (paraplegia) may be paralyzed. (back2healthchiro.net)
  • Injury of the sacral cord (conus) and lumbar nerve roots within the neural canal, which usually results in an areflexic bladder, bowel, and lower limbs. (jortho.org)
Artery18
  • The reduced blood flow to anterior and posterior radicular artery could trigger spinal stroke. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reduced blood flow to the spinal cord which is supplied by the anterior spinal artery and the paired posterior spinal arteries. (harvard.edu)
  • First described by Spiller in 1909 [ 2 ], thrombosis of the anterior spinal artery is often due to fracture of a cervical vertebra or a cervical hyperextension injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The spinal circulation comprises two paired posterior spinal arteries running down the dorsum of the cord and a single anterior artery found in the median fissure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Up to eight radicular arteries are established during development and supply the anterior spinal artery, the largest of which is the artery of Adamkiewicz between T9 and T11. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mid-thoracic levels are most vulnerable to ischemia (for example, as a result of thrombosis) as there is only one radicular artery supplying the anterior spinal artery in this region, and sparse anastomoses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The territory of the anterior spinal artery covers the anterolateral and corticospinal tracts, but not the dorsal columns. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The classic presentation for anterior spinal artery ischemia or infarct is sensory deficits in the following pattern: distal to the lesion, pain and temperature are lost bilaterally (owing to the involvement of anterolateral spinothalamic tracts), but light touch, vibration and position sense are preserved (owing to sparing of dorsal columns). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The creation of three intercostal artery bypasses restored spinal cord perfusion. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • As the patient showed only moderate clinical signs of spinal cord ischemia afterward, we underline the role of neuromonitoring to guide intercostal artery bypass implantation during TAAA surgery as the combined use of neuromonitoring and intercostal artery bypass implantation may prevent paraplegia in specific TAAA cases. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • For perfusion, three longitudinal vessels form an anastomotic network that supplies the spinal cord: two posterior spinal arteries, and the anterior spinal artery. (medscape.com)
  • Blood flows from the anterior spinal artery into medullary branches of the intradural vertebral arteries, and subsequently into segmental radiculomedullary arteries. (medscape.com)
  • Blood flow to the lower portion of the spinal cord (T8-L3) is supplied by a large radicular artery with somewhat variable positioning, termed the Artery of Adamkiewicz. (medscape.com)
  • The central perfusion region receives blood supply from the anterior spinal artery, which forms the central sulcus artery and courses into the ventral median sulcus and supplies the grey matter of spinal cord. (medscape.com)
  • It should be borne in mind that certain segments of the spinal cord are particularly susceptible to ischemia due to the sometimes low collateral supply to the anterior spinal artery. (medicinelearners.com)
  • Arteriosclerosis or an embolism can restrict the blood supply to the anterior (belly) located anterior spinal artery and the posterior (back) located spinal artery. (medicinelearners.com)
  • We postulate our patient's presentation could be due to ischemia of the spinal cord following septic embolisation or thrombosis of spinal artery due to the abscess nearby. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Multiple AKAs or additional RMAs supplying a single anterior spinal artery are common and should be considered when dealing with the spinal cord at the thoracolumbar level. (thejns.org)
Compression10
  • Remember that the nociceptive pathways are most resistant to compression and ischemia, any injury capable to interrupt these pathways must be extensive and transverse. (vin.com)
  • Compression by intervertebral discs or embolization of disc fragments can also cause ischemia (often without a history of trauma). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Three-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats received L3 spinal compression injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • More common causes are aneurysms of the aorta or ischemia after aortic surgery, compression of vascular structures by tumors, thrombosis or embolism and arterio-venous malformations. (fortunejournals.com)
  • FIGURE 6-3 Epidural tumor in Hodgkin's disease, showing compression of the thoracic spinal cord (Weil stain). (neupsykey.com)
  • MRI of the thoracolumbar spine showed extensive myelitis of the thoracic spine complicating left psoas abscess without definite extension to the spinal cord or cord compression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chronic nerve root compression can induce axon ischemia, impede venous return, promote plasma protein extravasation, and cause local inflammation. (medscape.com)
  • In summary, clinical practice and animal research suggest that radicular pain is the result of inflammation of the nerve root in the epidural space provoked by leakage of disk material, compression of the nerve root vasculature, and/or irritation of dorsal root ganglia from spinal stenosis. (medscape.com)
  • Four patients underwent surgical decompression and stabilization for spinal metastases causing instability, spinal cord compression, neurological deficit, or intractable pain. (edu.au)
  • one of these patients required subsequent surgical decompression for spinal cord compression. (edu.au)
Lumbar spin3
  • Hematomyelia more commonly involves the cervical rather than thoracic or lumbar spinal cord. (medscape.com)
  • The aim of this paper was to identify and characterize all the segmental radiculomedullary arteries (RMAs) that supply the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord. (thejns.org)
  • The segmental RMAs supplying the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord can be unilateral, bilateral, or multiple. (thejns.org)
Neurologic5
  • Thus, a central spinal cord lesion may cause neurologic deficits in a descending order. (emcrit.org)
  • The prognosis of spinal ischemia depends on the severity of the neurologic deficit that presents at the beginning [5]. (fortunejournals.com)
  • The neurologic clinician must, therefore, be very familiar with these structures and their relationship to the spinal cord. (neupsykey.com)
  • The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) defines a complete neurologic lesion as an absence of sensory and motor function below the level of injury including the lowest sacral segment2. (jortho.org)
  • All remaining six patients who had well-differentiated papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma were alive at an average of 50 months (range: 17-96 months) after diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic spinal metastases and were ambulant, independent, and able to perform activities of daily living and had no significant pain or neurologic symptoms. (edu.au)
Hemorrhage9
  • Abrupt onset of pain at the back or neck marks the location of ischaemia or hemorrhage at the beginning, which radiates as the damage intensifies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hemorrhage affecting the spinal cord is rare. (medscape.com)
  • Spinal cord hemorrhage can be divided based on etiology, into two types: (1) traumatic and (2) non-traumatic. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] Spinal cord hemorrhage is most commonly caused by trauma, vascular malformations, or bleeding diatheses. (medscape.com)
  • Spinal cord hemorrhage usually presents as sudden, painful myelopathy, which may reflect the anatomic level of the hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
  • The most common cause of spinal cord hemorrhage is traumatic injury. (medscape.com)
  • With trauma, shear forces acting upon the spinal cord and surrounding structures may lead to hemorrhage and vascular damage. (medscape.com)
  • Hematomyelia is defined as the presence of a well-defined focus of hemorrhage within the spinal cord itself. (medscape.com)
  • Summary of intramedullary spinal cord hemorrhage etiologies, with history and associated clues, common imaging findings, and representative management. (medscape.com)
Trauma8
  • Autopsy studies demonstrate the hemorrhagic necrosis of the spinal cord that is caused by trauma. (medscape.com)
  • Intraspinal grafting of human neural stem cells represents a promising approach to promote recovery of function after spinal trauma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Extensive experimental and clinical data show that the mechanisms leading to a clinically-defined loss of neurological function after spinal trauma can in general be considered in two categories. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Spinal ischemia in traumatized patients is rarely described, and when it occurs, it is usually associated with direct trauma to the spine and consecutive vascular injury. (fortunejournals.com)
  • To date, no case has been described in the literature in which traumatized patients developed vascular myelopathy with a time delay without the presence of direct spinal trauma or direct vertebral vascular injury. (fortunejournals.com)
  • During accidents on public roads, the systematic search for trauma to the spinal cord must be a priority for treatment within 3 to 6 hours. (back2healthchiro.net)
  • During the fracture, the spinal cord can be compressed by a bone fragment or by the displacement of the spine made unstable by the trauma. (back2healthchiro.net)
  • Interrupted blood flow can also result from physical trauma or cardiovascular disease (which stiffens vessel walls)-this is known as non-occlusive ischemia. (hamptonking.com)
Aorta3
  • Diseases in aorta are recognized as a widely seen contributor of spontaneous spinal cord ischaemia, represented by rupturing of thoracic aortic aneurysm, arterial occlusion by aortic intima separated from endothelial wall in aortic dissection, and aortic coarctation. (wikipedia.org)
  • To evaluate the effect of aorta-iliac bypass total thoracoabdominal aorta aneurysm repair to spinal cord function. (bvsalud.org)
  • There is a transient function loss of spinal cord during the aorta-iliac bypass total thoracoabdominal aorta aneurysm repair. (bvsalud.org)
Injuries9
  • For example, antiplatelet and corticosteroids might be used to reduce the risk of blood clots in ischaemic spinal stroke patients, while rapid surgical decompression is applied to minimize neurological injuries in haemorrhagic spinal stroke patients instead. (wikipedia.org)
  • Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for complete cross-section of lesions at the level of the thoracic spine - (Protocol) Spinal cord injuries, fortunately, have a relatively low incidence. (joinsoftwave.com)
  • Various pathological conditions, including surgical treatments, traumatic injuries, embolism, malformations and tumors, result in severe changes in the arterial blood supply to the spinal cord [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
  • Injuries of the spine or the spinal chord were not apparent. (fortunejournals.com)
  • The long-term survival and the possibility of functional rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injuries has led to increased interest in treatment of these patients. (jortho.org)
  • Although corticosteroids have been shown to improve neurological recovery of patients with spinal cord injuries16, the primary treatment of patients with thoracolumbar injuries is surgical reduction, decompression, and stabilization. (jortho.org)
  • Overall gross function of patients with spinal cord injuries is assessed by the Frankel classification. (jortho.org)
  • Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces (e.g. (lookformedical.com)
  • See " Evaluation and diagnosis of spinal cord injuries " below. (amboss.com)
Paralysis2
  • Thus, diseases affecting the anterior horn of the spinal cord cause flaccid paralysis. (emcrit.org)
  • Spinal cord injury is associated with sustainable disability and results in loss of bladder, respiratory, cardiac, or sexual functions, and in varying degree of paralysis [ 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
Venous2
  • The pial surface and superficial regions of the spinal cord are drained by radial veins and the coronal venous plexus. (medscape.com)
  • Whereas arterial occlusion in the spinal region quickly becomes symptomatic by neurological deficits, venous outflow obstruction may be clinically unnoticed for much longer and usually manifests as a slowly progressive neurological deficit. (fortunejournals.com)
Vertebral5
  • The blood flow to the posterior spinal arteries originates from intradural vertebral arteries, which are from medullary segments of the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries and segmental radiculopial arteries. (medscape.com)
  • More than in any other part of the nervous system, pathologic lesions impinging on the spinal cord often originate in the membranes or vertebral column that surround it. (neupsykey.com)
  • FIGURE 6-1 Schematic illustration of the relationships between the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and vertebral column (lateral view), showing the termination of the dura (dura mater spinalis) and its continuation as the filum terminale externum. (neupsykey.com)
  • A surgical procedure that entails removing all ( laminectomy ) or part (laminotomy) of selected vertebral lamina to relieve pressure on the SPINAL CORD and/or SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Vertebral lamina is the thin flattened posterior wall of vertebral arch that forms the vertebral foramen through which pass the spinal cord and nerve roots. (lookformedical.com)
Aortic dissection1
  • Preoperative Spinal Drain Placement is Associated with Reduced Risk of Spinal Cord Ischemia in Patients Undergoing Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for Aortic Dissection. (harvard.edu)
Arterial3
  • The knowledge of the arterial blood supply to the spinal cord is very important in planning the procedures of the spinal cord treatment as well as in animal experiments. (intechopen.com)
  • This chapter compares the arterial spinal cord blood supply of the frequently used species (pig, dog, cat, rabbit and rat) in experimental spinal cord injury and in human. (intechopen.com)
  • A complete understanding of the anatomy of the arterial blood supply to the spinal cord is critical for the anatomists and clinicians to determinate the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model for next studies. (intechopen.com)
Blood flow to the spinal cord2
Arteries1
  • The posterior spinal arteries give rise to the "vasocorona," which eventually branches into peripheral arteries and mainly supplies the white matter of the spinal cord. (medscape.com)
Myelopathy1
Disruption1
  • Extremity vascular injury results in bleeding and lack of blood flow beyond the site of vessel disruption (ischemia). (techbriefs.com)
Posterior spinal cord2
Complication2
Lesion6
  • Signs and symptoms are related to the portion of spinal cord affected, and appear below the level of lesion. (wikipedia.org)
  • Death of cells at the complete transverse level is presented clinically as lower paraplegia or quadriplegia, sensory loss below the lesion, urinary incontinence, and disturbances in autonomous nervous system and hormonal system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evaluating for a sensory level using a pin to detect pain sensation is more sensitive to detect a spinal level originating from a lesion in the spinothalamic tract. (emcrit.org)
  • Motor weakness may be used to evaluate the level of a spinal lesion that involves the corticospinal tract. (emcrit.org)
  • Predictably, the syndrome of symptoms varies with the level of the spinal cord in which the lesion occurs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This condition is usually caused by a lesion in the upper BRAIN STEM which injures the descending cortico-spinal and cortico-bulbar tracts. (lookformedical.com)
Tumors1
  • Intramedullary spinal cord tumors, both primary CNS and metastatic (especially renal cell carcinoma), can also bleed and lead to hematomyelia. (medscape.com)
Prognosis5
  • In general, any SCI patient presented with paraplegia/tetraplegia without deep pain perception (DPP), the prognosis for functional recovery is guarded as the "spinal cord function" is completely blocked or transected at the injured site. (vin.com)
  • A thorough neurological examination is fundamental to evaluate the spinal cord function and provide the client with a reasonable prognosis. (vin.com)
  • Without emergency intervention, ischemia can be fatal with a lifelong prognosis of heart, brain, or other organ damage at best. (hamptonking.com)
  • Prognosis is poor if transition to complete spinal cord injury occurs (see below). (amboss.com)
  • Prognosis is better if transition to incomplete spinal cord syndrome occurs. (amboss.com)
Traumatic spinal cord i1
  • Following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), one of the main concerns from cat-owners is whether their cat can recover (i.e., a "functional pet" that can walk, able to regain urinary/fecal continence). (vin.com)
Central spinal cord syndrome1
  • In central spinal cord syndrome, impairment of motor function in the upper body is considerably more severe than that of lower body, which is related to hyperextension of corticospinal tracts and spinocerebellar tract in cervical spinal cord, accompanied by dysfunction in urinary bladder and sensational loss at a varying degree. (wikipedia.org)
Tracts2
  • Therefore, a sensory level to light touch may be absent unless both of these are involved (e.g., a complete injury that involves all spinal cord tracts). (emcrit.org)
  • Three major tracts run through the spinal cord, as shown below. (emcrit.org)
Injury23
  • Predictors and outcomes of spinal cord injury following complex branched/fenestrated endovascular aortic repair in the US Aortic Research Consortium. (harvard.edu)
  • Cerebrospinal fluid drainage (CSFD) may increase the perfusion pressure to the spinal cord and hence reduce the risk of ischaemic spinal cord injury. (cochrane.org)
  • To determine the effect of CSFD during thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) surgery on the risk of developing spinal cord injury. (cochrane.org)
  • CSFD did not have a significant benefit in preventing ischaemic injury to the spinal cord. (cochrane.org)
  • ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of neuronal damage and death. (bvsalud.org)
  • Ischemia/reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle leads to sterile inflammation and affects structure and function permanently. (bvsalud.org)
  • This chapter will provide a detailed experimental setup and a step-by-step protocol for the dynamic imaging of leukocyte-endothelial-interaction in an ischemia/reperfusion injury model. (bvsalud.org)
  • AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims to investigate the mechanism underlying microglial pyroptosis and polarization, as well as the potential efficacy of JDHXD against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). (bvsalud.org)
  • It is estimated (depending on the source) that globally between 250,000 to 500,000 people each year an injury, spinal cord, the involved suffer. (joinsoftwave.com)
  • Several animal models exist to examine physiological and functional changes after the spinal cord injury with aim to explain knowledge about the spinal cord injury in human. (intechopen.com)
  • Stem cell research in neurodegenerative disorders (ex: spinal cord injury) is still in developmental stage. (edu.in)
  • In a recent interview given by Prof. Alan Mackay-Sim, Director of National Centre for Adult Stem Cell Research in Australia, he has explained Phase I clinical trials in exploring the use of stem cells for spinal cord injury treatment. (edu.in)
  • Yet, in several countries, stem cells therapy is being used to treat spinal cord injury (SPI) although such therapies are not scientifically proved. (edu.in)
  • The device retrains patients with spinal cord injury to sit more stably and gain an expanded active sitting workspace. (techbriefs.com)
  • To assess the occurrence and risk factors for complications following spinal cord injury during and after inpatient rehabilitation. (medicaljournals.se)
  • A total of 212 persons with a spinal cord injury admitted to specialized rehabilitation centres. (medicaljournals.se)
  • Multi-level random coefficient analyses revealed that complications were common following spinal cord injury. (medicaljournals.se)
  • Complications are common following spinal cord injury. (medicaljournals.se)
  • Spinal cord injury (SCI) is often followed by complications, which add to the detrimental effect that loss of motor, sensory and autonomic function have on a person's health, social participation and quality of life (1-4). (medicaljournals.se)
  • We must plead for the expert treatment of the patients of a spinal cord injury. (back2healthchiro.net)
  • After some days to weeks the spinal shock wears off and a complete spinal cord injury may remain which manifests with spastic paresis , hyperreflexia , and continued sensory loss. (amboss.com)
  • Less than five percent of cases fully recover after complete spinal cord injury . (amboss.com)
  • Throughout the past half century, septic AKI has essentially been considered secondary to tubular injury, which, in turn, has been considered secondary to renal ischemia. (edu.au)
Ischaemic spinal1
  • While it takes minutes for ischaemic spinal stroke to develop the symptoms, the time could be extended to days and weeks in hemorrhagic spinal stroke. (wikipedia.org)
Patients10
  • Patients may spend years for rehabilitation after the spinal cord stroke. (wikipedia.org)
  • Patients with a male gender, younger age, lower body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are predisposed to higher risks of severe spinal cord stroke. (wikipedia.org)
  • The second trial of 33 patients reported that a combination of CSF drainage and papaverine in the region of the spinal cord (intrathecally) reduced the rate of postoperative neurological deficit compared to controls. (cochrane.org)
  • Paraplegia or paraparesis occurred less with CSF drainage (2.7% of patients with drainage versus 12.2% in the control group). (cochrane.org)
  • Patients with partial cord involvement may fail to display a sensory level. (emcrit.org)
  • the number of patients with spinal cord deficit in Group II was 4 out of the 47 who survived. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Current knowledge of the long-term outcome in patients with spinal cord ischemia is based on only a few small studies, some of which are discussed here. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although patients can be in spinal shock , when all reflex activities are lost, Stauffer et al have demonstrated that a bulbocavernosus reflex returns within 24 hours in 99% of patients, thus indicating the end of spinal shock. (jortho.org)
  • SUMMARY: We present a case series of eight consecutive patients with symptomatic spinal metastases due to thyroid carcinoma treated by our multidisciplinary team consisting of spinal surgeons, oncologists, and radiologists, with management of each case determined by our surgical algorithm. (edu.au)
  • CONCLUSION: The potential for long-term survival of several years following development of spinal metastases should be considered during the counseling and decision-making process for patients with thyroid cancer. (edu.au)
Tissue3
  • The dentate ligament is a long flange of whitish, mostly pial tissue that runs along both lateral margins of the spinal cord between the dorsal and ventral rootlets (see Fig 6-2 ). (neupsykey.com)
  • As the ventral and dorsal roots (on each side) at each segmental level converge to become a spinal nerve, they are enclosed in sleeves of arachnoidal and dural tissue (see Fig 6-2 ). (neupsykey.com)
  • The dorsal root sleeve contains the dorsal root ganglion near the point at which both sleeves merge to become the connective tissue sheath (perineurium) of a spinal nerve. (neupsykey.com)
Anesthesia3
  • Cases of spinal stroke following operations like aortography, spinal anesthesia and lumbar spine surgery are reported. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chemical meningitis is a rare but severe pathology caused by several drugs, including those given during spinal anesthesia. (pmrjabstracts.org)
  • Busto MJD, Guercio TD, Gormley JM, Castillo CM, Chandan P. Paraplegia and Chemical Meningitis After Spinal Anesthesia: A Case Report [abstract]. (pmrjabstracts.org)
Perfusion pressure2
Cervical cord2
  • Nerves to the cervical cord are located closest to the middle of the cord, whereas nerves to the sacrum are located farthest towards the edges of the spinal cord. (emcrit.org)
  • The further it runs up to the cervical cord, the more bodily functions are affected and fail. (medicinelearners.com)
Cerebral3
  • It can be classified into two types, ischaemia and haemorrhage, in which the former accounts for 86% of all cases, a pattern similar to cerebral stroke. (wikipedia.org)
  • Various treatments are used to reduce the ischaemic insult to the spinal cord including temporary blood shunts (such as distal atriofemoral bypass and re-connection of intercostal and lumbar vessels), pharmaceutical interventions (to protect the heart and cerebral blood vessels), epidural cooling and CSF drainage. (cochrane.org)
  • This review describes the role of NR2 peptide, a subunit of the NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors, in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
Quadriplegia1
Segmental1
  • Muscle weakness (involvement of the corticospinal tract) and sensory loss occur at the spinal cord segmental levels of infarct. (biomedcentral.com)
Radicular1
  • The radicular LBP caused by spinal stenosis is probably related to the inhibition of normal nerve root vascular flow with resultant nerve root nutrition, nerve root edema, and nerve root dysfunction. (medscape.com)
Incomplete3
  • During the examination, the patient presented undulating symptoms of paraplegia, varying from incomplete loss of power in the left lower limb to complete plegia. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • Further examination presented an incomplete paraplegia of the lower limb, while the right limb had a normal motor and sensible function. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
  • Anew electromyography biofeedback device that is wearable and connects to novel smartphone games may offer people with incomplete paraplegia a more affordable, self-controllable therapy to enhance. (techbriefs.com)
Occurs1
  • Ischemia is a medical event that occurs when an organ doesn't receive an adequate supply of oxygen. (hamptonking.com)
Nerve4
  • The spine is made up of hollow bones, the vertebrae (where the spinal cord passes), which transmit nerve impulses from the brain to the limbs and various organs of the body. (back2healthchiro.net)
  • These critical areas, called the internal capsules, are where the fibres from the controlling nerve cells in the grey matter of the brain pass down on their way to the spinal cord. (tier1tc.com)
  • In the spinal cord they interconnect with the nerve cells whose fibres activate the muscles of the legs and arms. (tier1tc.com)
  • Eventually, because the nerve cells in the spinal cord are separated from the control of the brain, they send an excess of signals to the muscles, causing the uncontrolled contractions known as spasticity. (tier1tc.com)
Thoracoabdominal1
  • In 1986, CSF pressure monitoring and drainage was begun in an attempt to reduce the incidence of paraplegia associated with surgical repair of descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA). (elsevierpure.com)
Neurological deficit2
  • During aortic aneurysm surgery, cross-clamping can lead to inadequate blood supply to the spinal cord resulting in neurological deficit. (cochrane.org)
  • Metastatic disease to the spine has the potential to cause severe morbidity, including pain, neurological deficit, and paraplegia. (edu.au)
Paresis1
  • Temporary paresis in limbs may occur days before the onset of spinal ischaemic stroke, though the relationship remains unclear. (wikipedia.org)
Thoracic spine1
  • Note that the spinal cord level doesn't line up precisely with the corresponding vertebrae, especially caudal to the thoracic spine. (emcrit.org)
Symptomatic1
  • The only patient with poorly differentiated thyroid cancer, which was refractory to radioiodine-131 died at 6 months after vertebroplasty procedures for symptomatic spinal metastases. (edu.au)
Abstract1
  • abstract = "Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage has been reported to protect the spinal cord during surgical procedures requiring thoracic aortic cross-clamping. (elsevierpure.com)
Anterior and posterior1
  • Anterior and posterior median spinal veins drain the anterior and posterior regions of the spinal cord, respectively. (medscape.com)
Spine1
  • Lhermitte's sign (an electric-shock sensation elicited by neck flexion that runs down the spine and sometimes into the limbs) suggests involvement of the posterior columns of the cervical spinal cord. (emcrit.org)
Onset1
  • Fibrocartilaginous emboli are described in up to 5.5% of cases for unexplained and sudden onset spinal ischemia [2]. (fortunejournals.com)
Clinical3
  • The circulation of the spinal cord has several unique features that determine the clinical presentation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Placenta-derived stem cells are being considered for similar uses and are in Phase III clinical trial for critical limb ischemia by Israel's Pluristem Therapeutics. (edu.in)
  • The use of stem cells in repairing the damaged spinal cord is still in animal testing and phase I clinical trials. (edu.in)
Shock2