ThicknessEpitheliumCorneaStromalKeratoconusTopographyMicroscopyPosteriorDystrophyRefractive surgeryCurvatureIntraocular pressureIntrastromalTransplantationAxial lengthAstigmatismEndotheliumHazeInclude cornealProgressive cornealIrregularitiesScheimpflugPreoperativeKeratometry valuesPostoperativeSlit-lampTissueDrynessEpithelial layerLASIKExcimerKeratitisOphthalmologyOcularGlaucomaSurgeonsVivoRiboflavin solutionCataractKeratocytesCorneas
Thickness21
- Contact lens-assisted cross-linking (CACXL) may be performed for people with corneal stromal thickness between 350 μm to 400 μm after epithelial removal. (wikipedia.org)
- Also required for diagnosis of all types of bullous keratopathy is increased corneal thickness as measured by ultrasonic pachymetry. (msdmanuals.com)
- In a rabbit model of DMEK surgery, SF artificial endothelial graft restored the corneal transparency and thickness at 6 week of follow-up. (arvojournals.org)
- Anterior segment optical coherence tomography revealed the SF graft as a fully integrated component in the corneal tissue, displaying a similar corneal thickness and endothelial cell count when compared with its healthy contralateral cornea. (arvojournals.org)
- Corneal diameters were 12 mm for both eyes with normal corneal thickness, intact epithelium, and diffuse mid to posterior stromal haze. (paojournal.com)
- In the epi-off group, the CDVA change could be predicted from the preoperative minimum corneal thickness and magnitude of the vertical anterior corneal primary coma component ( = 0.001, R 2 = 0.446). (hindawi.com)
- Microstructural analysis using confocal laser scanning microscopy evaluated increased corneal thickness, decreased number of cells, increased debris or specific deposits, and unusual microstructures. (scielo.br)
- Since its introduction, LASIK has been associated with various complications, specifically when performed on eyes with decreased corneal thickness, irregular astigmatism, dryness, preexisting ocular surface disease, or glaucoma, to the point where several of these entities have become relative contraindications to performing LASIK. (medscape.com)
- Evaluate corneal thickness. (crstodayeurope.com)
- Corneal thickness is an essential measurement for any LASIK case, whether the flap is created with a femtosecond laser or with a mechanical microkeratome and, likewise, whether the patient is undergoing a customized or standard procedure. (crstodayeurope.com)
- For instance, I would give more weight to a pachymetry map that is round and has a symmetrical progression of corneal thickness from the center to periphery than I would to irregularity on the anterior curvature map, which could be the product of dry eye or a transparent irregularity of the cornea. (crstodayeurope.com)
- however, I would classify this eye as abnormal for two reasons: (1) the thinnest point is inferonasal rather than central, and (2) the progression of corneal thickness is a distorted ellipse instead of symmetrical. (crstodayeurope.com)
- If corneal thickness is questionable or the cornea appears in any way abnormal, I also consult an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system such as the Optovue OCT (Optovue, Inc. (crstodayeurope.com)
- In addition to determining corneal thickness, it is also important to locate any superficial corneal scars using slit-lamp biomicroscopy. (crstodayeurope.com)
- Corneal epithelial thickness mapping after photorefractive keratectomy for myopia Journal of Refractive Surgery. (londonvisionclinic.com)
- Additional medical testing that can provide information needed to make a diagnosis may include topography and keratometry (to study the shape of the cornea), pachymetry (to measure the thickness of the cornea), specialized microscopy (providing detailed pictures to assess the health of the endothelial cells, or to identify infectious agents) and assessment of the tear film. (ambayeye.com)
- Pachymetry measure corneal thickness. (eyeinstituteaz.com)
- So, it's important to have an adequate corneal thickness to get the best results. (eyeinstituteaz.com)
- Uncorrected visual acuities (UCVA) and distance corrected visual acuities (DCVA), keratometry values and ocular biometric data by Lenstar LS900 including anterior chamber depth (ACD), aqueous depth, central corneal thickness(CCT),lens thickness(LT) and axial length(AL) were evaluated pre and 8 years postoperatively. (researchsquare.com)
- These are average values, and each individual's corneal thickness can vary by a significant amount. (isthisyourhomework.com)
- One hundred eleven newly diagnosed POAG patients, including 43 high tension glaucoma (HTG) and 68 normal tension glaucoma (NTG), were measured by Corvis ST to obtain intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal biomechanical parameters at baseline and at each follow-up visit after initiation of PGA treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Epithelium12
- In this group, the most common side effects are haziness of the cornea, punctate keratitis, corneal striae, corneal epithelium defect, and eye pain. (wikipedia.org)
- In those who use it after post-LASIK ectasia, the most common side effects are haziness of the cornea, corneal epithelium defect, corneal striae, dry eye, eye pain, punctate keratitis, and sensitivity to bright lights. (wikipedia.org)
- Transepithelial or epithelium-on (epi-on) cross-linking is a technique which was first performed in 2004 in the U.S., the corneal epithelium layer is left intact. (wikipedia.org)
- In a vitrectomy, greater comfort and improved corneal epithelium were observed on the seventh day after surgery. (bvsalud.org)
- Tight junctions between individual cells in the corneal epithelium impede efficient absorption. (crstoday.com)
- If the riboflavin is on or in the corneal epithelium, then the UV-A light penetrates the corneal stroma less efficiently. (crstoday.com)
- By retaining a flap of corneal epithelium, LASEK may decrease the risk of infection and incidence of corneal haze, while reducing recovery time and postoperative discomfort when compared with PRK. (medscape.com)
- This technique involved the use of alcohol to separate the corneal epithelium from the stroma to create an epithelial sheet that could be repositioned over the ablated stroma. (medscape.com)
- The non-regenerative layer of tissue between the epithelium and the stroma (5-10 microns thick - .005 to .01 millimeters). (fisherswale.com)
- The cornea is approximately 500 microns thick (.5 millimeter) and consists of 5 layers of epithelium, Bowman's membrane, stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium. (fisherswale.com)
- Preoperatively ocular biometric parameters (AL ,ACD ;measured from central corneal epithelium to the lens, aqueous depth and LT ) were determined using Lenstar-LS900 (Haag-Streit AG, Koeniz, Switzerland). (researchsquare.com)
- The cornea is comprised primarily of the Stroma, with a layer of transparent skin, the Epithelium, covering it. (isthisyourhomework.com)
Cornea13
- Some hospitals are using this accelerated CXL technique delivering a similar amount of UV-A energy in eight to ten minutes, following research showing the cornea may better tolerate this shorter burst of UV-A. However, a recent study using the real-world registry data showed that the standard (Dresden) CXL was associated with better visual and corneal curvature outcomes 5-years post-surgery. (wikipedia.org)
- Bullous keratopathy is caused by edema of the cornea, resulting from failure of the corneal endothelium to maintain the normally transparent, dehydrated state of the cornea. (msdmanuals.com)
- Subepithelial fluid-filled bullae form on the corneal surface as the corneal stroma (the deeper dense connective tissue layer of the cornea) swells, leading to decreased visual acuity, loss of contrast, glare, and photophobia. (msdmanuals.com)
- Bullous keratopathy is caused by edema of the cornea, most frequently due to Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy or corneal endothelial trauma. (msdmanuals.com)
- the cornea obtained after lamellar keratoplasty showed replacement of most of the Bowman's membrane and the stroma by fibrous tissue, with accumulation of extracellular acid mucopolysaccharides. (paojournal.com)
- The layer of the cornea between the stroma and endothelium. (fisherswale.com)
- An optic section of a keratoconic cornea shows corneal thinning. (medscape.com)
- The three major corneal layers are the outer layer of the cornea or epithelial layer, the middle layer termed the stroma and finally a single layer of cells called the endothelium. (ambayeye.com)
- Signs of corneal problems can include redness around the cornea and/or corneal cloudiness. (ambayeye.com)
- Blurred vision may be the result of an irregular tear layer or epithelial layer (as seen in dry eye), scarring (following trauma or infection), cataracts, deformity of the corneal curvature (as seen in keratoconus) or swelling of the cornea (as seen in Fuchs' dystrophy). (ambayeye.com)
- The femto laser creates a flap in the corneal tissue, which the surgeon lifts to provide access to the cornea stroma reshaped during the LASIK procedure. (eyeinstituteaz.com)
- The endothelium's chief function is to remove fluid from the center of the corneal, the stroma, allowing the cornea to remain clear. (lvcenter4sight.com)
- Chronic use of PGA probably influences the corneal biomechanical properties directly, which is to make cornea less deformable. (biomedcentral.com)
Stromal5
- The Bowman layer graft (white arrowheads) is visible within the recipient stroma, without any interface haze or stromal reaction. (jamanetwork.com)
- The ring consists of granular, bright particles that increase in density toward Descemet's membrane, and is associated with a decreased number of keratocytes and peculiar dark, round areas in all stromal layers, probably a sign of corneal damage. (scielo.br)
- Pallikaris then used the excimer laser ablation on the corneal stromal bed under a hinged flap in rabbit corneas. (medscape.com)
- Our study examined the effect of a selective Rho kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, on corneal wound healing and potential stromal scarring after superficial keratectomy. (molvis.org)
- Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive, noninflammatory, bilateral (but usually asymmetric) ectatic corneal disease, characterized by paraxial stromal thinning and weakening that leads to corneal surface distortion. (medscape.com)
Keratoconus12
- Corneal cross-linking (CXL) with riboflavin (vitamin B2) and UV-A light is a surgical treatment for corneal ectasia such as keratoconus, PMD, and post-LASIK ectasia. (wikipedia.org)
- A 2015 Cochrane review found that the evidence on corneal cross-linking was insufficient to determine if it is an effective procedure for the treatment of keratoconus. (wikipedia.org)
- Based on three 12-month clinical trials, the US Food and Drug Administration approved riboflavin ophthalmic solution and Avedro's KXL system for crosslinking on 18 April 2016, for the treatment of progressive keratoconus, and on 19 July 2016, for corneal ectasia after refractive surgery, making them the first FDA approved treatment for keratoconus and post-LASIK ectasia. (wikipedia.org)
- In this report, we describe a case of corneal ectasia after photorefractive keratectomy in a patient who presented a suspicious tomography pattern preoperatively but had no degenerative alterations associated with pathologic keratoconus, as revealed by in vivo corneal confocal microscopy. (bvsalud.org)
- Study participants were at least 8 years old when they were diagnosed with keratoconus or an ectactic disorder, and they had a minimum pachymetry reading of at least 375 µm. (crstoday.com)
- Compared with penetrating keratoplasty (PK), deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) presents several advantages that make it currently considered by many corneal surgeons as the first-choice surgical procedure in patients with keratoconus. (bmj.com)
- To investigate the potential predictive factors of the visual change achieved with accelerated epi-on and epi-off corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) in keratoconus. (hindawi.com)
- 2 ] demonstrated that the lower pretreatment corneal asphericity and corneal keratoconus index (CKI) were associated to a higher K max reduction after CXL [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Femtosecond laser-assisted small incision sutureless intrastromal lamellar keratoplasty (SILK) for corneal transplantation in keratoconus Journal of Refractive Surgery. (londonvisionclinic.com)
- Advanced keratoconus diseases are treated with anterior lamellar keratoplasty or corneal transplant surgery. (ambayeye.com)
- This test determines whether you are at risk for uncommon corneal diseases such as keratoconus following LASIK eye surgery. (eyeinstituteaz.com)
- Corneal biomechanical properties have recently attracted increasing attention for its involvement in glaucoma and in other ocular diseases, such as keratoconus [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Topography4
- People that are considered for treatment must undergo an extensive clinical workup, including corneal tomography, computerized corneal topography, endothelial microscopy, ultrasound pachymetry, b-scan sonography, keratometry and biomicroscopy. (wikipedia.org)
- Corneal topography showed symmetrical bow-tie astigmatism of -3.38D for the right eye and -3.00D for the left eye. (paojournal.com)
- Visual acuity, specular microscopy, corneal topography and optical coherence tomography findings were recorded. (bmj.com)
- Decentration measurements using Placido corneal tangential curvature topography and Scheimpflug tomography pachymetry difference maps after small-incision lenticule extraction Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. (londonvisionclinic.com)
Microscopy1
- In vivo confocal microscopy is a useful tool for evaluating the corneal microstructure when a Kayser-Fleischer ring is clinically present. (scielo.br)
Posterior4
- In the left eye (OS) of case 8, the anterior (A-C) and posterior (D-F) keratometric values show significant corneal flattening, whereas the pachymetry (G-I) remains unchanged. (jamanetwork.com)
- In the peripheral posterior stroma, there were dust-like, bright, granular deposits that tended to increase in number and density toward Descemet's membrane, masking the peripheral endothelium. (scielo.br)
- Buratto performed excimer laser ablation on the posterior surface of the resected corneal disc before replacing and resuturing it back to its original position. (medscape.com)
- Alcon Laboratories, Inc.) to measure the anterior corneal surface and the posterior elevation and (2) using laser interferometry pachymetry to evaluate axial length. (crstodayeurope.com)
Dystrophy4
- Most frequently, it is due to Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy or corneal endothelial trauma. (msdmanuals.com)
- Fuchs dystrophy is a genetic disorder that causes bilateral, progressive corneal endothelial cell loss, sometimes leading to symptomatic bullous keratopathy by age 50 to 60. (msdmanuals.com)
- The endothelial layer can be the center of different diseases, like Fuch's Corneal dystrophy. (lvcenter4sight.com)
- Certain diseases that damage the corneal endothelium, such as Fuchs' corneal dystrophy, lead to endothelial changes such as guttae and eventually lead to corneal edema. (lvcenter4sight.com)
Refractive surgery6
- The occurrence of corneal ectasia after photorefractive keratectomy is a rare but serious complication of refractive surgery. (bvsalud.org)
- Concepts of corneal refractive surgery, such as keratectomy, keratotomy, and thermokeratoplasty, were first described in 1898 by Lans who published a set of experiments that focused on treating astigmatism in rabbits. (medscape.com)
- Refractive surgery, as it is known today, was not realized until 1966 when Pureskin first appreciated its potential with the demonstration that refractive changes could be made by removing central tissue underneath a corneal flap. (medscape.com)
- Corneal scars in the Bowman membrane can occur after sterile infiltrate or bacterial keratitis and are common in contact lens wearers, who make up the majority of patients who elect refractive surgery to correct myopia, hyperopia, and/or astigmatism. (crstodayeurope.com)
- Aborted SMILE due to false plane creation and strategy for subsequent removal based on corneal layered pachymetry imaging Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. (londonvisionclinic.com)
- A "cold" laser used in refractive surgery to remove corneal tissue. (fisherswale.com)
Curvature1
- 0.000001) increased statistically significantly with PGA therapy over time after adjusting for age, gender, axial length, corneal curvature, IOP and CCT. (biomedcentral.com)
Intraocular pressure2
- Baseline examinations and postoperative follow-ups were carried out to measure intraocular pressure at 1, 3, and 6 months after LASIK or PRK, using Goldmann Applanation Tonometer (GAT) and Ocular Response Analyzer, corneal compensated IOP (ORA IOPcc). (bvsalud.org)
- The control eyes all presented normal visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and corneal appearance. (scielo.br)
Intrastromal1
- The intrastromal cavity is directly above the Bowman layer graft (arrowheads) owing to intraoperative stretching of the donor tissue toward the recipient corneal limbus to obtain a maximum flattening effect. (jamanetwork.com)
Transplantation2
- How successful is corneal transplantation? (jamanetwork.com)
- The conservative treatment modalities, such as spectacles and gas permeable rigid contact lenses, become insufficient for visual rehabilitation in the advanced stages of KC, and 10-20% of patients need corneal transplantation [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Axial length1
- In our center, we use the Lenstar/Allegro BioGraph (Haag Streit AG/Alcon Laboratories, Inc.), which produces both axial length and central corneal pachymetry measurements. (crstodayeurope.com)
Astigmatism1
- Visual loss occurs primarily from irregular astigmatism and myopia, and secondarily from corneal scarring. (medscape.com)
Endothelium2
- in this method a pre-corneal riboflavin film, a riboflavin-soaked UV barrier-free soft contact lens of negligible power and a pre-contact lens riboflavin film are used to decrease UV irradiance to safe levels at the level of the endothelium. (wikipedia.org)
- All corneal layers may be compromised, but the Descemet membrane and endothelium are only affected in more advanced stages. (eyewiki.org)
Haze1
- Adverse events include corneal haze and scarring, infectious keratitis, sterile infiltrates, and delayed epithelial healing. (crstoday.com)
Include corneal1
- The most common (classic or typical features) include corneal clouding, ocular hypertension and glaucoma, retinopathy and optic disc involvement (optic disc swelling or atrophy). (eyewiki.org)
Progressive corneal1
- A progressive corneal thinning and bulging. (fisherswale.com)
Irregularities1
- All patients had both eyes evaluated with Orbscan IIz (Bausch & Lomb, Rochester NY) scanning slit device to screen and detect any corneal irregularities, measuring CCT, corneal k values including keratometry in flat meridian (K1), keratometry in steep meridian (K2) and mean keratometry (K mean ) for subsequent analysis .All participants were assessed with Zywave aberrometer (Bausch and Lomb, Rochester, New York, USA). (researchsquare.com)
Scheimpflug1
- The Corvis ST uses an ultra-high-speed Scheimpflug camera to record corneal deformation in real time and provides direct information on corneal biomechanical behavior [ 15 ] and could potentially provide more information on corneal biomechanics than ORA [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Preoperative1
- Preoperative pachymetry readings were 540 μm OU. (crstoday.com)
Keratometry values1
- Mean pachymetry, flat, steep and mean keratometry values increased significantly from 6 months to 8 years postoperative. (researchsquare.com)
Postoperative2
- Postoperative symptoms, corneal healing, and visual outcomes were studied. (bvsalud.org)
- Bandage contact lens was applied as a postoperative aid in corneal refractive, cataract, and vitrectomy surgeries. (bvsalud.org)
Slit-lamp2
- Slit-lamp examination of all types of bullous keratopathy reveals corneal epithelial bullae and swelling of the corneal stroma. (msdmanuals.com)
- Slit-lamp examination reveals corneal epithelial bullae and swelling of the corneal stroma. (msdmanuals.com)
Tissue1
- A medical instrument that produces a powerful beam of light that is focused at close range to remove corneal tissue. (fisherswale.com)
Dryness1
- Syndrome characterized by corneal dryness due to deficient tear production. (fisherswale.com)
Epithelial layer1
- The corneal epithelial layer is generally removed to increase penetration of the riboflavin into the stroma, a procedure known as the Dresden protocol. (wikipedia.org)
LASIK2
- A complication of LASIK wherein epithelial cells grow underneath the corneal flap. (fisherswale.com)
- For reasons that will become readily apparent after reading this article, I strongly recommend against the corneal flap-based Lasik procedures. (isthisyourhomework.com)
Excimer1
- An excimer laser reshapes the stroma. (eyeinstituteaz.com)
Keratitis1
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Corneal Inflammation: Role in Microbial Keratitis? (elsevierpure.com)
Ophthalmology1
- Previously (2012-2015), he was senior scientist at the Laboratorio de Optica, University of Murcia, Spain, investigating novel instruments for optical metrology in the human eye as well as the applications of ultrafast lasers in ophthalmology including corneal cross linking. (athenseyehospital.gr)
Ocular1
- [13] In a tertiary centre in Portugal, all 5 patients with MPS type VI presented corneal clouding and this was the first ocular manifestation. (eyewiki.org)
Glaucoma1
- To investigate the corneal biomechanical changes in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients treated with long-term prostaglandin analogue (PGA). (biomedcentral.com)
Surgeons1
- Many surgeons evaluate pachymetry numbers, but I feel they underutilize pachymetry as a topographic map. (crstodayeurope.com)
Vivo1
- ORA is the first developed device, which is able to provide an in vivo measurement of corneal viscoelastic parameter called corneal hysteresis (CH) [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Riboflavin solution2
- Corneal cross-linking involves application of riboflavin solution to the eye that is activated by illumination with UV-A light for approximately 30 or fewer minutes. (wikipedia.org)
- Raiskup F, Spoerl E. Corneal cross-linking with hypo-osmolar riboflavin solution in thin keratoconic corneas. (jamanetwork.com)
Cataract1
- Corneal endothelial trauma can occur during intraocular surgery (eg, cataract removal) or after placement of a poorly designed or malpositioned intraocular lens implant. (msdmanuals.com)
Keratocytes1
- Compared with the control corneas, there were fewer keratocytes in the anterior stroma (17.380 vs. 22.380/mm 3 ). (scielo.br)
Corneas1
- She also established two corneal disease models in rodents and large animals with surgical tool-inner stopper trephines, which she invented to create consistent corneal defects in animal corneas. (stanford.edu)