AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, Agriculture
Iron OverloadIronIron Chelating AgentsHemochromatosisFerritinsChelation Therapybeta-ThalassemiaHepcidinsDeferoxamineHemosiderosisTransferrinPhlebotomyIron, DietaryIron-Dextran ComplexIron Metabolism DisordersSiderosisAntimicrobial Cationic PeptidesHemosiderinThalassemiaBlood TransfusionPyridonesHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIron Carbonyl CompoundsLiverIron CompoundsCation Transport ProteinsReceptors, TransferrinIron RadioisotopesBenzoatesFerric CompoundsMembrane ProteinsAnemia, Iron-DeficiencyBloodlettingIron IsotopesSiderophoresErythrocyte TransfusionCeruloplasminFerrous CompoundsIron-Binding ProteinsAnemia, SideroblasticAnemia, HypochromicApoferritinsAnemiaHomozygoteTriazolesMyocardiumIron-Regulatory ProteinsLiver DiseasesHemoglobinsHomeostasisPorphyria Cutanea TardaCardiomegalyAnemia, Sickle CellLiver CirrhosisIron Regulatory Protein 1Myelodysplastic SyndromesCardiomyopathiesErythropoiesisIntestinal AbsorptionMutationDisease Models, AnimalOxidative StressFerrocyanidesBeerMononuclear Phagocyte SystemHLA AntigensMagnetic Resonance ImagingIron Regulatory Protein 2DuodenumEthyl EthersMice, Inbred C57BLBiopsyHemeChelating AgentsCebusMetal Metabolism, Inborn ErrorsGenotypeBone Morphogenetic Protein 6Fatty LiverMice, KnockoutFriedreich Ataxia
Induced oxidative stressCause oxidative stressLiverInflammationMetabolismDeficiencyStress inducedMitochondrialToxicityAccumulationReactiveTransfusionalDamageLIPID PEROXIDATIONFerroptosisResult in iron overloadExcess ironChelationNeurodegenerative diseasesDiseasesSynthesisGlutathioneCellularAntioxidantAbsorptionHemochromatosisFentonHepaticHepatocytesPathologyFerrousIntracellularExcretionDepletionCardiac dysfunctionSystemic ironHemosiderosisTissueTransfusionsHemeChelatorsMinimizeInflammatoryThalassemia majorOrganSerum ironPorphyrinsLiversHepatitisChelatorChronic transfusionHepatocytePatientsAnemiaMitochondriaBound to transferrinReducesPrimarily
Induced oxidative stress3
  • The present study examined the effectiveness of omega-3 and Manuka honey combination or Manuka honey alone to the conventional therapy (deferasirox, blood transfusion, and L-carnitine) used for preventing and managing oxidative stress or iron overload-induced oxidative stress conditions in pediatric β-thalassemic patients (type major). (europeanreview.org)
  • Our study demonstrates that pre-treatment of hesperidin for five days reduced the iron induced oxidative stress indicated by the reduction in lipid peroxidation, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartic acid transaminase, and alanine aminotransaminase activities and a rise in the glutathione-s-transferase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase and glutathione contents in the mice liver. (biomedres.us)
  • Canonical Wnt Signaling in the Pathology of Iron Overload-Induced Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Diseases. (jefferson.edu)
Cause oxidative stress2
Liver8
  • Another paradigmatic organ for transfusion-associated complication due to iron overload is the liver, in which the role of ferroptosis is yet to be elucidated. (unito.it)
  • Assessing the state of iron-overload in patients with SCD constitutes a diagnostic challenge because of the unreliability of serum ferritin levels and the risks associated with liver biopsy. (medscape.com)
  • Symptomatic patients might have any of the characteristic manifestations of systemic iron overload: liver disease with the eventual development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, arthropathy, increased skin pigmentation, cardiomyopathy, diabetes mellitus, gonadal insufficiency and other endocrine disorders. (medscape.com)
  • The master regulator of iron balance in humans is hepcidin, a peptide produced by the liver [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • PCT has also been reported in conditions that cause oxidative liver damage (ie, diabetes mellitus and hepatic steatosis ), pregnancy, advanced renal failure on dialysis (with associated iron overload), and myeloproliferative disorders. (logicalimages.com)
  • Livers treated with NMP combined with BMMSCs showed better liver function, relieved histopathological damage, reduced oxidative stress injury and ferroptosis, and the mechanism of reduction was associated with downregulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free Fe²⁺ levels. (medscimonit.com)
  • The glutathione, glutathione-s-transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartic acid transaminase, and alanine aminotransaminase levels were estimated in the liver of iron treated mice after 30 days post-iron treatment. (biomedres.us)
  • The role of iron in various cancers, such as colorectal cancer and liver cancer was presented. (cdc.gov)
Inflammation4
  • The sugars lactose and galactose that are found in milk can increase oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in the body - both of which are major causes of serious and chronic diseases. (diagnose-me.com)
  • Recent research in the lab indicates that inflammation promotes cellular iron overload in a vicious cycle leading to cell death. (upenn.edu)
  • Excess iron promotes oxidative stress and inflammation, which has been associated with arthritis and the development of Cushing?s disease. (equisearch.com)
  • Oxidative stress and inflammation in iron-overloaded patients with ß-thalassemia or sickle cell disease. (ejournals.ca)
Metabolism9
  • New findings could change how iron metabolism in the human body is understood, and open new horizons for research and therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. (fabresearch.org)
  • The findings of this study move ferritin to the center stage of systemic iron metabolism, as a protein that not only stores, but also transports iron in a controlled manner, giving it all attributes of an iron regulator. (fabresearch.org)
  • Females Are Protected From Iron-Overload Cardiomyopathy Independent of Iron Metabolism: Key Role of Oxidative Stress. (kassirilab.com)
  • The purpose of the study was to analyze how the presence of myelodysplastic hematopoiesis, iron overload and chelation impact on mitochondrial metabolism. (unige.it)
  • In summary, MDS-MNCs display an altered energy metabolism associated with increased oxidative stress, due to iron accumulation. (unige.it)
  • In order to systematize the available information on metabolic disorders, the article presents generalized data on changes in nitrogen, carbohydrate, iron and hemoglobin metabolism, as well as their impact on the bone marrow microenvironment, overall survival and the risk of transformation into AML. (clinlabdia.ru)
  • 1] The increased oxidative stress associated with all of these factors has been shown to reduce hepatic expression of the gene encoding hepcidin, a regulator of iron absorption and metabolism, thus increasing iron absorption and iron overload. (medscape.com)
  • 1985. Spin-trapping of methyl radical in the oxidative metabolism of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. (cdc.gov)
  • The metabolism of all living organisms requires iron. (medscape.com)
Deficiency23
  • Inform patients that their condition is hereditary and that physicians sometimes mistake the disorder for iron deficiency. (medscape.com)
  • mRNA-binding protein tristetraprolin is essential for cardiac response to iron deficiency by regulating mitochondrial function. (northwestern.edu)
  • Iron deficiency impairs oxygen transfer throughout the body, cell division and energy production yet, excess, 'free' iron, i.e. iron that is not bound to any protein, may trigger oxidative stress that can be toxic to the organism. (fabresearch.org)
  • Therefore, both, iron deficiency or overload may lead to stress, which mediates inflammatory diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. (fabresearch.org)
  • Before going into causes, it's important to stress what is not the likely reason: iron deficiency. (equisearch.com)
  • Educated horse owners know that dietary iron deficiency is virtually nonexistent in horses, and that supplementing iron doesn't stimulate red-blood cell production. (equisearch.com)
  • Iron deficiency from any cause is very rare but possible if there is constant loss of blood into the intestinal tract over a long period of time (e.g. from a malignancy), but the fact is that other symptoms would likely become apparent and critical before the anemia developed. (equisearch.com)
  • Horses that lose a large volume of blood from an injury should be monitored for iron-deficiency anemia, but even then it's unlikely. (equisearch.com)
  • Jian J, Yang Q, Dai J, Eckard J, Axelrod D, Smith J, Huang X 2011 Effects of Iron Deficiency and Iron Overload on Angiogenesis and Oxidative Stress-A Potential Dual Role for Iron in Breast Cancer. (vitamindwiki.com)
  • Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) during pregnancy increase the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight. (hindawi.com)
  • Children born to iron-deficient mothers will start their lives suffering from iron deficiency or even IDA. (hindawi.com)
  • In a global perspective, the most frequent nutritional insufficiency is definitely iron deficiency, which is encountered with a high prevalence in women of fertile age as well as in pregnant and postpartum women [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In many developing countries, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnancy is more the rule than the exception with a prevalence of approximately 52% [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Iron deficiency, even without IDA, reduces the cognitive abilities and physical performance in nonpregnant women [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In pregnant women, IDA is associated with preterm delivery, low birth weight of the newborns [ 7 ] as well as iron deficiency in the newborns. (hindawi.com)
  • Furthermore, untreated iron deficiency and IDA in the third trimester strongly predisposes to postpartum iron deficiency and IDA [ 8 ], which are associated with decreased physical abilities and psychic disturbances including emotional instability, depression, stress, and reduced cognitive performance tests [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Contribution of oxidative stress to pathology in diaphragm and limb muscles with dystrophin deficiency. (tamu.edu)
  • Iron deficiency also exerts negative effects on the cells [8]. (biomedres.us)
  • Patients with Plummer-Vinson syndrome may experience esophageal webs, dysphagia, and iron deficiency anemia. (medscape.com)
  • Although rare, splenomegaly in individuals with iron deficiency anemia likely results from other causes. (medscape.com)
  • The classic combination of these laboratory findings is observed only in severe and uncomplicated iron deficiency anemia that presents in patients without infection or malignancy who are not receiving blood transfusions or iron therapy. (medscape.com)
  • If patients with iron deficiency anemia receive iron medication before blood is drawn, normal or high concentrations are typically noted. (medscape.com)
  • Serum iron testing does not reliably determine iron deficiency or identify hemochromatosis or other iron overload states. (medscape.com)
Stress induced2
  • A new ingredient in some skin care products, beta-glucan, increases the skin's resistance to oxidative stress induced by UVA rays. (diagnose-me.com)
  • Cell has got inbuilt mechanism to protect itself from oxidative stress-induced by iron. (biomedres.us)
Mitochondrial3
  • Different from apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, ferroptosis is strictly dependent on iron and reactive oxygen species, with a dysregulation of mitochondrial structure/function. (unito.it)
  • The first one is chronic hypoxia resulting from chronic anemia and ineffective erythropoiesis leading to mitochondrial damage and the second is iron overload also due to chronic anemia and tissue hypoxia leading to increase intestinal iron absorption in thalassemic patients. (hindawi.com)
  • At the cellular level, dysregulation of this small mitochondrial protein results in the overproduction of iron-sulfur clusters, free radical oxidative stress, and mitochondrial iron overload[ 75 ]. (wjgnet.com)
Toxicity6
  • The question as to what causes the destruction of the dopamine-producing cells has puzzled researchers for years but a consensus is now emerging that Parkinson's disease is caused by oxidative stress and metal toxicity. (diagnose-me.com)
  • Iron Toxicity in the Retina Requires Alu RNA and the NLRP3 Inflammasome. (upenn.edu)
  • Endocrine dysfunction is the most common and earliest organ toxicity seen in subjects with chronic iron-induced cellular oxidative damage and can be seen in those without clinical evidence of iron overload. (medscape.com)
  • Ferritin is one of the central factors regulating cellular iron content and protecting the organism from iron toxicity. (fabresearch.org)
  • There is a concern that labile plasma iron (LPI), the redox-active form of iron, can be involved in the occurrence of toxicity and other complications commonly observed in the early post-HSCT period. (karger.com)
  • Organ toxicity begins when reticuloendothelial sites of iron storage become saturated and iron becomes deposited in other cells. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Accumulation8
  • Iron accumulation is a key mediator of several cytotoxic mechanisms leading to the impairment of redox homeostasis and cellular death. (unito.it)
  • Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity has been proven to be mediated predominantly by iron accumulation and ferroptosis, whereas there is evidence about the role of ferritin in protecting cardiomyocytes from ferroptosis and consequent heart failure. (unito.it)
  • Progressive iron accumulation eventually overwhelms the body's capacity for safe sequestration of the excess. (medscape.com)
  • The pattern of iron accumulation and the predilection of iron to target organs in NTDT is markedly different from transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). (hindawi.com)
  • Hossein Ardehali, MD, PhD, is working to understand the role of iron and metabolic processes in cardiovascular disease and develop new therapies that target iron accumulation in people with CVD and many other chronic diseases. (northwestern.edu)
  • Iron accumulation can affect older people through atherosclerosis that can lead to vascular disease and neurological disease such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. (northwestern.edu)
  • In summary, findings in the present study confirmed that BP-QDs induce ferroptosis via increasing lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation in vitro and in vivo.PMID:3748. (medworm.com)
  • Mitochondria are key regulators of apoptosis and a site of iron accumulation that favors reactive oxygen species (ROS) production with detrimental effects on cell survival. (unige.it)
Reactive7
  • Oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (generated by free globin chains and labile plasma iron) is believed to be one of the main contributors to cell injury, tissue damage, and hypercoagulability in patients with thalassemia. (hindawi.com)
  • The researchers determined that ebselen primarily preserves cardiac function in iron-overloaded conditions by binding to intracellular iron and reducing the synthesis of reactive oxygen species, which is made possible by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. (hematologyadvisor.com)
  • Plasma 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), CRP (C-reactive protein), ferritin level, and serum iron were determined at baseline and month 10. (europeanreview.org)
  • Free iron in the form of intracellular ferrous (Fe 2+ ), in the presence of oxygen, will initiate the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), produce another free radical superoxide that will oxidize the lipid and protein compounds of the cell membrane. (ejournals.ca)
  • A huge amount of iron is released in the plasma which exceeds transferrin's capacity to transport iron and thus we have production of NTBI (non-transferrin bound iron), which is the toxic form of iron to cells via the formation of ROS (reactive oxygen species). (haema-journal.gr)
  • These free radicals produced by iron are highly reactive and they interact with proteins, DNA and lipid inflicting severe damage to these biomolecules and subsequently tissue injury [5]. (biomedres.us)
  • Presence of iron is a double-edged sword, it is extremely indispensable to carry various important metabolic processes at the same time its slight excess induces oxidative stress due to production of free radicals, especially the hydroxyl radical which is highly reactive and provoke critical and even irreversible cell injury. (biomedres.us)
Transfusional3
  • they may require transfusional support if they are not responsive to iron repletion modalities. (medscape.com)
  • As opposed to thalassemia major, where transfusional induced iron overload is targeted towards the reticuloendothelial system and parenchyma, iron is amassed in patients with NTDT that differ, primarily occurs in hepatocytes [ 10 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Title : The impact of chelation therapy on survival in transfusional iron overload: a meta-analysis of myelodysplastic syndrome Personal Author(s) : Mainous, Arch G.;Tanner, Rebecca J.;Hulihan, Mary M.;Amaya, Mirna;Coates, Thomas D. (cdc.gov)
Damage12
  • Increased free radical activity ( oxidative stress ) appears to fuel Alzheimer's pathology - acting simultaneously as a mediator, product, and trigger for this "clogging" process and its related neural damage. (diagnose-me.com)
  • Activation of this receptor leads to increased oxidative stress that may result in cellular damage. (diagnose-me.com)
  • Manganese can protect against the free radical damage from excess iron. (diagnose-me.com)
  • SDG has been shown to counter oxidative stress in human colonic epithelial tissue and protect against mtDNA damage in vitro, by H2O2 exposure, in a dose-dependent manner[citation needed], and counters (in-vitro) oxidative stress on heart cells caused by Iron overload. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evidence suggests that cumulative oxidative damage contributes to AMD and aging in general. (upenn.edu)
  • Repeated transfusions are associated with iron overload and possible iron-induced organ damage. (medscape.com)
  • Ardehali says too much iron can lead to significant damage to the cells through oxidative stress. (northwestern.edu)
  • Dalle-Donne I, Rossi R, Colombo R, Giustarini D, Milzani A. Biomarkers of oxidative damage in human disease. (ejournals.ca)
  • Amplification of pro-inflammatory phenotype, damage, and weakness by oxidative stress in the diaphragm of mdx mice. (tamu.edu)
  • Photoexcited porphyrins in the skin mediate oxidative damage to biomolecular targets, causing cutaneous lesions. (medscape.com)
  • Гемосидероз Hemosiderosis is focal deposition of iron that does not typically cause tissue damage. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Age-related influence on DNA damage, proteomic inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. (cdc.gov)
LIPID PEROXIDATION7
  • This study aimed to determine the association between hyperferritinemia and lipid peroxidation in kidney reflected as elevated u-F 2 IsoPs as controlling several factors affecting oxidative stress in the kidney. (ejournals.ca)
  • Transfusion volume, rather than hyperferritinemia, independently associated to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation of the kidney in BTM. (ejournals.ca)
  • Janicka M, Kot-Wasik A, Kot J, NamieÅ›nik J. Isoprostane’s biomarkers of lipid peroxidation: their utility in evaluating oxidative stress and analysis. (ejournals.ca)
  • After 24 h of exposure to different doses (4-32 μg/mL) of BP-QDs, intracellular lipid peroxidation and iron overload occurred in Beas-2B cells. (medworm.com)
  • Iron overload, glutathione (GSH) depletion and lipid peroxidation in the lung tissue of mice in the exposure group. (medworm.com)
  • Treatment of hesperidin for 5 days before iron overload elevated the activities of glutathione-s-transferase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase and glutathione concentration, whereas the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartic acid transaminase, and alanine aminotransaminase and lipid peroxidation declined significantly. (biomedres.us)
  • By contrast, the addition of iron chelators on MNCs from young healthy subjects determined a decrement in the OxPhos efficiency and an increment of lactate fermentation and lipid peroxidation. (unige.it)
Ferroptosis3
  • Ferroptosis was induced the programmed cell death with iron overload Fenton reaction. (frontiersin.org)
  • Ferroptosis is an oxidative, iron-dependent form of cell death. (medworm.com)
  • Furthermore, based on the ferroptosis-associated protein and mRNA expression, it was hypothesized that BP-QDs induced ferroptosis through increasing intracellular free iron and polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis. (medworm.com)
Result in iron overload2
Excess iron5
  • Chemicals called iron chelators can bind to iron and make it inactive, which can help treat people with excess iron. (northwestern.edu)
  • Iron is essential to many biological and metabolic processes used in all organisms, but excess iron can result in complications such as cirrhosis, diabetes, and heart failure. (lakeheadu.ca)
  • Ghazaiean M, Aliasgharian A, Karami H, Darvishi-Khezri H. Ebselen: a promising therapy protecting cardiomyocytes from excess iron in iron-overloaded thalassemia patients . (hematologyadvisor.com)
  • Since the body has no mechanism for excretion of excess iron, iron overload can occur after as few as 10 transfusions. (clinlabnavigator.com)
  • 7] Excess iron facilitates formation of toxic oxygen species, thus amplifying porphyrinogenesis by catalyzing formation of oxidative inhibitors of UROD enzyme activity. (medscape.com)
Chelation8
  • Patients receiving long-term transfusion therapy also require iron chelation. (medscape.com)
  • Vitamin C may improve iron excretion in patients receiving iron chelation, especially with deferoxamine. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment for patients with thalassemia major includes long-term transfusion therapy, iron chelation, splenectomy, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, gene therapy, and supportive measures. (medscape.com)
  • Iron chelation therapy has already had a significant clinical impact on diseases other than cancer, primarily to treat iron-overload diseases but also to treat oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 4. Sometimes (in case of low-risk MDS anemia), chelation removes the toxic effect of iron on erythropoiesis and transforms transfusion dependent anemia in transfusion-independent. (haema-journal.gr)
  • 5. Chelation of iron by available drugs: the most effective way which applies to all cases. (haema-journal.gr)
  • Treatment with iron chelation agents, such as parenteral deferoxamine, should be initiated early in the course of chronic transfusion therapy. (clinlabnavigator.com)
  • The biochemical alterations of MNCs from MDS patients have been partially restored by the in vitro iron chelation, while only slight effects were observed in the age-matched control samples. (unige.it)
Neurodegenerative diseases1
  • Such insights are bound to contribute to the development of therapies for the numerous neurodegenerative diseases, which are characterized by abnormal iron distribution in the brain. (fabresearch.org)
Diseases7
  • Iron overload is often associated with haematological diseases which require regular blood transfusion/phlebotomy, and it represents a common complication in thalassaemic patients. (unito.it)
  • W e 're hoping that our studies (with iron chelators and cardiovascular disease) in the preclinical phase , will guide us to translate those into clinical practice and treating patients with various chronic diseases. (northwestern.edu)
  • A major goal of his research is to find ways to reduce iron in chronic diseases and therefore reduce the oxidative stress that iron can cause. (northwestern.edu)
  • He has long been fascinated with the role of iron in chronic diseases such CVD. (northwestern.edu)
  • His work is currently in animal models, but he hopes to bring it into human clinical trials to investigate iron chelator therapies for many chronic diseases, including cancer. (northwestern.edu)
  • The excess of iron has been indicated in several diseases as it induces oxidative stress. (biomedres.us)
  • The mismanagement of iron in the cells is the principle cause of underlying pathogenic event in oxidative stress that is harbinger of several diseases [11,12]. (biomedres.us)
Synthesis2
  • As such, ribonucleotide reductase, which is involved in DNA synthesis and which contains a differic iron site, requires iron as a cofactor to support its activity [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Iron is essential constituent of numerous enzymes, including iron-sulphur and heme proteins of the respiratory chain, as well as ribonucleotide reductase, which catalyses the rate-limiting step in DNA synthesis [9,10]. (biomedres.us)
Glutathione2
  • Prior studies indicated that ebselen, an imitator glutathione peroxidase, can alleviate cardiac dysfunction in iron-overloaded situations. (hematologyadvisor.com)
  • The feeding of different concentrations of iron for 30 days led to an increase in the oxidative stress as indicated by a decline in the glutathione concentration, and glutathione-s-transferase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities accompanied by the rise in the lactate dehydrogenase, aspartic acid transaminase, and alanine aminotransaminase levels. (biomedres.us)
Cellular1
  • The cover story of Blood Journal's January 18 issue presents research conducted in the Technion Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering that uncovers, for the first time, a mechanism for cellular transport and secretion of ferritin, a protein that was considered central mainly to iron storage in the human body. (fabresearch.org)
Antioxidant1
  • Melatonin inhibits cholesterol secretion from the gallbladder, helps convert cholesterol to bile, and as an antioxidant can reduce oxidative stress on the gallbladder. (diagnose-me.com)
Absorption9
  • Drinking tea may help to reduce iron absorption through the intestinal tract. (medscape.com)
  • Hypoxia downregulates the expression of hepcidin, which leads to both increased intestinal iron absorption and increased release of recycled iron from the reticuloendothelial system [ 21 , 22 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Additionally, excessive vitamin C intake may increase the risk of kidney stone formation in some individuals and can lead to iron overload in those with conditions that increase iron absorption. (bacchusgamma.org)
  • Additionally, individuals with conditions that increase iron absorption, such as hemochromatosis, should exercise caution when supplementing with vitamin C. Excessive intake can lead to iron overload, which can be harmful to overall health. (bacchusgamma.org)
  • 2. Try to correct iron hyper absorption which is associated with low levels of hepcidin. (haema-journal.gr)
  • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the role of these two proteins in iron absorption. (haema-journal.gr)
  • Role of erythroferrone and hepcidin in iron absorption in normal situation. (haema-journal.gr)
  • Role of erythroferrone and hepcidin in iron absorption in hemolysis and ineffective erythropoiesis. (haema-journal.gr)
  • These factors suppress hepcidin production leading to increased iron absorption from the intestine and to iron release from macrophages. (haema-journal.gr)
Hemochromatosis1
Fenton1
Hepatic1
  • Porphyrins accumulate, particularly when there is increased oxidative stress in the hepatocytes, which is usually due to increased hepatic iron, but which may also be due to alcohol, smoking, estrogens , or hepatitis C or HIV infection. (msdmanuals.com)
Hepatocytes2
Pathology1
  • Lawler, J.M. Exacerbation of pathology by oxidative stress in respiratory and locomotor muscles with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (tamu.edu)
Ferrous5
  • The Danish National Board of Health has since 1992 recommended prophylactic oral iron supplements to all pregnant women and the currently advocated dose is 40-50 mg ferrous iron taken between meals from 10 weeks gestation to delivery. (hindawi.com)
  • However, 30-40 mg ferrous iron is probably an adequate dose in most affluent societies. (hindawi.com)
  • In contrast, in most developing countries, general iron prophylaxis is indicated, and higher doses of oral iron, for example, 60 mg ferrous iron or even more should be recommended, according to the present iron status situation in the specific populations of women of fertile age and pregnant women. (hindawi.com)
  • In the prosperous western societies, the frequency of IDA is lower due to better nutrition, approximately 25% in pregnant women not taking iron supplements and less than 5% in women taking prophylactic iron supplements of 40-60 mg ferrous iron per day [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Iron exists in two oxidative states, ferrous (Fe+ 2 ) and ferric (Fe+ 3 ), which can donate or accept electrons [1-3]. (biomedres.us)
Intracellular1
  • The Blood Journal study describes and explains the intracellular distribution in, and secretion of ferritin from macrophages, cells of the immune system that play a central role in the systemic iron cycle. (fabresearch.org)
Excretion2
  • In line with this theory, applying iron chelators that bind very tightly to iron thereby promoting its excretion and subsequent depletion in biological systems should be of major interest [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Treatment includes iron depletion by phlebotomy and enhancing porphyrin excretion by treatment with low dose chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine. (msdmanuals.com)
Depletion2
  • This in turn causes depletion of macrophage iron, relatively low levels of serum ferritin, and preferential portal and hepatocyte iron loading [ 13 , 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The anticancer activities of iron depletion are based on the fact that neoplastic cells require more iron than normal cells for proliferation [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cardiac dysfunction1
  • Chronic cardiac iron overload directly correlates with cardiac dysfunction and may ultimately cause heart failure. (lakeheadu.ca)
Systemic iron1
  • Finding iron rich extracellular ferritin strongly implies that ferritin is not merely a vessel for secure and available storage of iron within the cell, but also a key player in tissue and systemic iron distribution. (fabresearch.org)
Hemosiderosis1
Tissue2
  • To investigate the mechanisms of retinal iron regulation, the lab uses conditional knockout mouse models, human retinal tissue, and retinal cell tissue culture. (upenn.edu)
  • If this continues for an extended time, tissue iron overload may be observed. (medscape.com)
Transfusions2
  • The predicted risks of iron overload and endocrine organ failure increase with both the duration of disease requiring transfusion therapy and the number of transfusions. (medscape.com)
  • The best way to prevent iron overload is to limit the number of transfusions as much as possible. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Heme4
  • Adult hemoglobin consists of an iron-containing heme ring and four globin chains: two alpha and two beta chains. (rupahealth.com)
  • The iron is then liberated from heme and cumulates in the cytoplasm. (haema-journal.gr)
  • Iron and iron salts are poorly water soluble however, it is an essential micronutrient, which is required for numerous biological reactions including mammalian cell growth, heme and DNA biosyntheses, oxygen transport, cell proliferation, cytochrome p450 enzyme activity, and hypoxic response reactions [8]. (biomedres.us)
  • Iron is a part of heme, which is the active site of peroxidases that protect cells from oxidative injury by reducing peroxides to water. (medscape.com)
Chelators4
  • Ardehali is working to find out how these iron chelators can target iron that accumulates specifically in mitochondria. (northwestern.edu)
  • As dependence on iron is a key feature of tumor cells, using chelators to reduce iron represents an opportunity to improve conventional GBM therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Taken together, these in vitro results could raise the question of the benefit of using iron chelators in their native forms under the hypoxic conditions often encountered in solid tumors such as GBM. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intriguingly, the properties of ebselen…make it an exciting and promising possibility for adjuvant therapy in patients with thalassemia alongside the standard treatment with iron chelators, particularly in severe cases with cardiomyopathy," the authors of the study concluded. (hematologyadvisor.com)
Minimize1
  • A better comprehension of (dys)similarities is pivotal for the development of future therapeutic strategies that can be designed to specifically target this type of cell death in an attempt to minimize iron-overload effects in specific organs. (unito.it)
Inflammatory1
  • 2)In retinal cell culture, study the effects of inflammatory mediators on retinal iron transporters. (upenn.edu)
Thalassemia major3
Organ1
  • Figure 1 schematically represents organ lesions secondary to iron overload in chronically transfused patients (From Reference 1). (haema-journal.gr)
Serum iron6
Porphyrins1
  • these excess substrates then undergo iron-facilitated spontaneous oxidization to photoactive porphyrins. (medscape.com)
Livers1
  • it's common to find the livers of horses, especially older horses, so overloaded with iron that they are black. (equisearch.com)
Hepatitis2
  • Factors causing type 1 PCT include iron overload, alcohol use disorder , smoking, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection , use of certain drugs, and HIV infection . (logicalimages.com)
  • Prevention is by avoidance of sunlight, alcohol, smoking, estrogens , and iron-containing medications and successful treatment of any concomitant hepatitis C and HIV infections. (msdmanuals.com)
Chelator4
  • The aim of the present study was, therefore, to investigate the cytostatic and cytotoxic impact of the new iron chelator deferasirox (DFX) on human GBM cells in well-defined clinical situations represented by radiation therapy and mild-hypoxia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For many years, the most widely used iron chelator was the high affinity constant hexadentate ligand desferrioxamine (DFO). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Deferiprone, a bidentate iron chelator, has been shown to have antiproliferative and cytotoxicity activities in neuroblastoma cell lines [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Deferasirox is an oral iron chelator that can aid in management of iron overload. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Chronic transfusion1
  • Because human beings do not possess effective mechanisms to get rid of iron, chronic transfusion leads to iron overload responsible of lesions in parenchymal organs and or in dysfunctions of endocrine glands. (haema-journal.gr)
Hepatocyte1
  • Hydrogen peroxide was used to induce an oxidative stress model of hepatocyte IAR-20 cells to evaluate the protective effects of BMMSCs in vitro. (medscimonit.com)
Patients9
  • nevertheless, patients with the disease start experiencing iron-related morbidity beyond 10 years of age [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • however, its importance is less pronounced in NTDT patients, even those with relatively elevated total body iron [ 16 - 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Body iron disorders have been reported after myeloablative conditioning in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). (karger.com)
  • Researchers conducted a systematic review to further uncover the role of ebselen in relieving cardiomyopathy associated with iron overload in patients with thalassemia. (hematologyadvisor.com)
  • A literature review published in De Gruyter Open Access concluded that ebselen is a promising adjuvant therapy in treating patients with iron-overloaded thalassemia. (hematologyadvisor.com)
  • Results showed that omega-3 + Manuka honey was more effective than Manuka alone or the conventional treatment alone in managing oxidative stress of β-thalassemic patients. (europeanreview.org)
  • Iron overload is still a problem in transfusion-dependent patients. (haema-journal.gr)
  • Pathophysiology of iron overload in chronically transfused patients may be summarized as follows: In a first step transfused erythrocytes are phagocytized by RES (reticulo-endothelial-system). (haema-journal.gr)
  • The EPIC study demonstrated reduction in iron burden and a clinically acceptable safety profile in patients with sickle cell anemia (Br J of Haematol. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Anemia2
Mitochondria1
  • Iron is an essential element, which is abundant in the red blood cells and plays a key role during oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of all cells. (biomedres.us)
Bound to transferrin2
Reduces1
  • In addition, the iron can ligand up to six places that reduces it otherwise high reactivity. (biomedres.us)
Primarily1