• Patients with tamoxifen-induced liver dysfunction may be at increased risk for granulosa cell tumors because of alterations in tamoxifen metabolism. (nih.gov)
  • Sex cord-stromal tumors are groups of tumors composed of granulosa cells, theca cells, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and fibroblasts of stromal origin, singly or in various combinations. (medscape.com)
  • A worldwide database analysis revealed that younger age, smaller tumor size, early stage, and granulosa cell tumor histologic type appear to be independent prognostic factors for improved survival in patients with malignant sex cord-stromal tumors who undergo lymph node dissection. (medscape.com)
  • Granulosa-Theca Cell tumors are one of the most common types of tumors identified in the equine reproductive tract. (mvsequine.com)
  • These tumors may also result in poor performance either due to behavioral issues or discomfort resulting from an enlarged ovary. (mvsequine.com)
  • GTCT usually only affect one ovary, although bilateral tumors are possible. (mvsequine.com)
  • Diagnosis of Granulosa-Theca Cell Tumors (GTCT) requires bloodwork. (mvsequine.com)
  • Introduction Several biomarkers have been proposed for the detection of recurrences in adult-type granulosa cell tumors of the ovary. (bmj.com)
  • Here we validate the value of inhibin B in detecting recurrences and investigate its role in guiding follow-up examinations and treatment strategies in postmenopausal patients with ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumors. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions Our results confirmed that inhibin B is a sensitive and specific marker for adult-type granulosa cell tumors of the ovary that may be used during follow-up for detection of recurrences. (bmj.com)
  • El-Sheikh Ali H , Kitahara G , Nibe K , Plasma anti-Müllerian hormone as a biomarker for bovine granulosa-theca cell tumors: comparison with immunoreactive inhibin and ovarian steroid concentrations . (avma.org)
  • Granulosa cell tumors(GCTs) arising outside the ovary are extremely rare. (researchsquare.com)
  • Purpose Granulosa cell tumors account for 2 - 3 % of ovarian malignancies. (thieme-connect.de)
  • range, 26 - 75) who received chemotherapy after surgery for ovarian granulosa cell tumors. (thieme-connect.de)
  • The rarity of ovarian granulsa cell tumors suggests a need for a central registry and prospective studies to compare chemotherapy regimens. (thieme-connect.de)
  • 3 Evans A T, Gaffey T A, Malkasian G D, Annegers J F. Clinicopathological review of 118 granulosa and 82 theca cell tumors. (thieme-connect.de)
  • 4 Fox H, Langly F A. A clinicopathological study of 92 cases of granulosa cell tumors of the ovary with special reference to factors influencing prognosis. (thieme-connect.de)
  • 5 Malmström H, Hogberg T, Risberg B, Simonsen E. Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary: prognostic factors and outcome. (thieme-connect.de)
  • 6 Ohel G, Kaneti H, Schenker J G. Granulosa cell tumors in Israel: A study of 172 cases. (thieme-connect.de)
  • 9 Segal R, De Petrillo A D, Thomas G. Clinical review of adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary. (thieme-connect.de)
  • There are many types of tumors that can start in the ovaries. (news-medical.net)
  • Ovarian tumors are named according to the type of cells the tumor started from and whether the tumor is benign or cancerous. (news-medical.net)
  • Epithelial ovarian tumors develop from the cells that cover the outer surface of the ovary. (news-medical.net)
  • UTROSCT lacks FOXL2 and DICER1 mutations, which are found in granulosa cell tumors and Sertoli Leydig cell tumors of the ovary, respectively. (cedars-sinai.edu)
  • Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of the ovary belong to the group of ovarian sex-cord stromal tumors and represent 5 to 10% of ovarian malignancies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neuroblastoma is one of the most common solid tumors of childhood, arising from immature sympathetic nervous system cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pauniaho SL, Salonen J, Helminen M, Vettenranta K, Heikinheimo M, Heikinheimo O. The incidences of malignant gonadal and extragonadal germ cell tumors in males and females: a population-based study covering over 40 years in Finland. (cancercentrum.se)
  • Mayr D, Hirschmann A, Marlow S, Horvath C, Diebold J. Analysis of selected oncogenes (AKT1, FOS, BCL2L2, TGFbeta) on chromosome 14 in granulosa cell tumors (GCTs): a comprehensive study on 30 GCTs combining comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and fluorescence-in situ-hybridization (FISH). (cancercentrum.se)
  • Mutation of FOXL2 in granulosa-cell tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
  • CpG methylation of the FHIT, FANCF, cyclin-D2, BRCA2 and RUNX3 genes in Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of ovarian origin. (cancercentrum.se)
  • The prevalence and prognostic impact of lymph node metastasis in malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
  • Conservative surgery to preserve ovarian function in patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. (cancercentrum.se)
  • Bjorkholm E, Silfversward C. Granulosa- and theca-cell tumors. (cancercentrum.se)
  • Retroperitoneal nodal metastasis in primary and recurrent granulosa cell tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
  • Ayhan A, Salman MC, Velipasaoglu M, Sakinci M, Yuce K. Prognostic factors in adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary: a retrospective analysis of 80 cases. (cancercentrum.se)
  • Patterns of metastasis in sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary: can routine staging lymphadenectomy be omitted? (cancercentrum.se)
  • Surgical staging and adjuvant chemotherapy in the management of patients with adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
  • Patterns of spread and recurrence of sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
  • Stromal tumors of the ovary include germ-cell tumors, sex-cord stromal tumors, and other more rare types. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, it might play a potential role in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. (ajol.info)
  • MiR-93-5p promotes granulosa cell apoptosis and ferroptosis by the NF-kB signaling pathway in polycystic ovary syndrome. (nih.gov)
  • This data will allow for analysis of the selected steroid hormones and related binding protein that can be used to assist in disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases, such as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), androgen deficiency, certain cancers, and hormone imbalances. (cdc.gov)
  • An increased level of AMH is often seen with polycystic ovary syndrome. (cdc.gov)
  • Measurements of DHEAS provides information about the adrenal gland function and can help with the diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and polycystic ovary syndrome. (cdc.gov)
  • Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with known cardiovascular risk factors, consequently predisposing to premature cardiovascular disease. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • Emerging research shows melatonin also plays a key role in improving fertility , and in particular, for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). (pcosnutrition.com)
  • Few women (7.7%) reported a previous diagnosis of polycystic ovary disease. (researchgate.net)
  • Cell cycle ratio and apoptosis in the two groups were determined using flow cytometry, while Pi3k/Akt signal route-linked protein levels were assayed by immunoblot method. (ajol.info)
  • This study was performed to determine the effects of human placenta mesenchymal stem cell (hPMSC) transplantation on granulosa cell apoptosis and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) expression in autoimmune drug-induced premature ovarian failure (POF) mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Granulosa cell apoptosis of the ovaries was examined by In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Granulosa cells were isolated and treated with SiAmh interference and hPMSC supernatant to observe the effects of AMH expression on granulosa cell apoptosis in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • granulosa cell apoptosis was decreased following hPMSC transplantation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • hPMSC transplantation can significantly improve the serum levels of high gonadotropin and low estrogen of POF mice, promote follicular development, inhibit excessive follicular atresia and granulosa cell apoptosis, and improve the ovarian reserve capacity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Liver and lung samples were collected for cell proliferation and apoptosis analyses. (nih.gov)
  • Apoptosis is a genetically controlled cell death that was initially recognized for its role in development. (jneurosci.org)
  • Nearly half of neural cells die by apoptosis during brain development. (jneurosci.org)
  • Only a few follicles in the human ovary survive to complete the cytodifferentiation process, with 99.9% dying by a programmed cell death mechanism called apoptosis. (glowm.com)
  • MicroRNA-543 promotes cell invasion and impedes apoptosis in pituitary adenoma via activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by negative regulation of Smad7. (cancerindex.org)
  • HP75 cells treated with overexpressed miR-543 exhibited increased cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while decreased cell apoptosis as well as expression of Cleaved caspase-3 and Cleaved caspase-8 were observed. (cancerindex.org)
  • HA-ADT promoted apoptosis by suppressing the expressions of phospho (p)-protein kinase B (PKB/AKT), p-glycogen synthase kinase-3ß (GSK-3ß), p-ß-catenin, and also inhibited autophagy via the downregulation of the protein levels of p-Smad2, p-Smad3, and transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) in human HCC cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • 833 When an oocyte completes its maturation in the ovary, a surge of luteinizing hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland which stimulates the release of the oocyte through the rupture of the follicle, a process called ovulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Endocrine changes include decreased inhibin B and antimüllerian (AMH) levels and a lower antral follicle count in the ovary. (medscape.com)
  • Follicle cysts of the ovary are the most common cystic structures found in healthy ovaries. (medscape.com)
  • Follicle cysts are lined with an inner layer of granulosa cells and an outer layer of theca interna cells. (medscape.com)
  • Estradiol is produced primarily in the ovary (follicle, corpus luteum), but small quantities are also formed in the testes and in the adrenal cortex, as well as in fat cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Typically, the human ovaries produce a single dominant follicle that results in a single ovulation each menstrual cycle (Fig. 1). (glowm.com)
  • The remaining cells in the follicle wall ( i.e. granulosa, membrana and periantral, theca, the theca interna and externa) develop into the corpus luteum. (glowm.com)
  • During the course of folliculogenesis, growth is achieved by cell proliferation and formation of follicular fluid, whereas development involves cytodifferentiation of all the cells and tissues in the follicle. (glowm.com)
  • Specialized hypothalamic neurons secrete pulses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) into the portal blood vessels, which acts on the gonadotrophs to cause a pulsatile release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which act on ovarian follicle cells to control folliculogenesis. (glowm.com)
  • Our granulosa-like cells form ovary-like organoids (ovaroids) when aggregated with hPGCLCs, and recapitulate key ovarian phenotypes including support of germ cell maturation, follicle formation, and steroidogenesis. (biorxiv.org)
  • Ovarian granulosa cell tumours are low-grade malignant sex cord-stromal tumours. (peertechzpublications.org)
  • in our retrospective study, we reviewed seven cases of adult granulosa cell tumours that were diagnosed at the pathology department of Mongi Slim hospital over a fourteen-year period (2002- 2015). (peertechzpublications.org)
  • Adult granulosa cell tumours of the ovary are considered as low grade malignancies with a relatively more favourable prognosis compared with much more commonly encountered epithelial ovarian tumours. (peertechzpublications.org)
  • A current perspective on the pathological assessment of FOXL2 in adult-type granulosa cell tumours of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
  • C: Tumor either Stage IA or Stage IB, but with tumor on the surface of one or both ovaries, or with capsule ruptured, or with ascites containing malignant cells or with positive peritoneal washings. (medscape.com)
  • Inhibin suppresses the production of follicles on the non-diseased ovary, thus causing the normal ovary to regress into a dormant state. (mvsequine.com)
  • Included in the follicles are the cumulus oophorus, membrana granulosa (and the granulosa cells inside it), corona radiata, zona pellucida, and primary oocyte. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the ovaries, the developing egg cells (or oocytes) mature in the fluid-filled follicles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Follicles are composed of different types and number of cells according to the stage of their maturation, and their size is indicative of the stage of oocyte development. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) or Müllerian-inhibiting substance, a dimeric glycoprotein secreted by granulosa cells of the preantral and small antral ovarian follicles. (cdc.gov)
  • Throughout a female's reproductive lifespan, the ovaries undergo continual structural changes that are crucial for the maturation of ovarian follicles and the production of sex steroid hormones. (mdpi.com)
  • AMH is released by the (granulosa) cells surrounding small (antral and pre-antral) follicles in the ovary. (inviafertility.com)
  • Each ovary is whitish in color and located alongside the lateral wall of the uterus in a region called the ovarian fossa. (wikipedia.org)
  • The side of the ovary closest to the fallopian tube is connected to it by infundibulopelvic ligament, and the other side points downwards attached to the uterus via the ovarian ligament. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ovaries lie within the peritoneal cavity, on either side of the uterus, to which they are attached via a fibrous cord called the ovarian ligament. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ovaries are uncovered in the peritoneal cavity but are tethered to the body wall via the suspensory ligament of the ovary which is a posterior extension of the broad ligament of the uterus. (wikipedia.org)
  • The part of the broad ligament of the uterus that covers the ovary is known as the mesovarium. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are 2 ovaries, with 1 located on each side of the uterus. (cancer.net)
  • The fallopian tubes are small ducts that connect the ovaries to the uterus. (cancer.net)
  • During ovulation, which typically happens monthly, an egg is usually released from 1 ovary and travels through a fallopian tube to the uterus. (cancer.net)
  • The frontal section shows the fallopian tubes, 2 small ducts that link the 2 ovaries (1 on each side) to the hollow, pear-shaped uterus. (cancer.net)
  • At the completion of childbearing, usually the remaining ovary and uterus are removed. (medscape.com)
  • After an ultrasound, her doctor saw a mass on one of her ovaries and a thickening in the lining of her uterus. (cdc.gov)
  • Right away, the doctor recommended surgery to remove her uterus and ovaries. (cdc.gov)
  • But even after evacu- made of endometrial stromal sarcoma tomography and magnetic resonance ation, the uterus appeared enlarged or poorly differentiated granulosa cel imaging [ 2 ]. (who.int)
  • GCTs can arise from tissues other than ovary, may be with poor prognosis, and origin from mesenchymal tissues of embryologic genital ridge. (researchsquare.com)
  • Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen confirmed the diagnosis of adult granulosa cell tumour in all cases. (peertechzpublications.org)
  • Methods Data from 140 patients with a diagnosis of adult-type granulosa cell tumor of the ovary referred to the European Institute of Oncology of Milan from January 1996 to March 2016 were retrospectively collected. (bmj.com)
  • Increases in the amount of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells during follicular development occurs in some but not all species, indicating that other proteases or protease inhibitors may be involved in IGFBP degradation. (bioone.org)
  • si-Prok1 arrests cell cycle, induces apoptotic changes, and inhibits the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells through a mechanism related to the regulation of Pi3k/Akt signaling pathway. (ajol.info)
  • Inhibin is a hormone produced by the diseased ovary and is elevated in 80-85% of mares with a GTCT. (mvsequine.com)
  • In this study, compared with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, a fast H2S-releasing donor) and morpholin-4-ium (4-methoxyphenyl)-morpholin-4-ylsulfanylidenesulfido-λ5-phosphane (GYY4137, a slow H2S-releasing donor), HA-ADT showed stronger inhibitory effect on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle of human HCC cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Prognostic impact of lymphadenectomy in clinically early stage malignant germ cell tumour of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
  • When egg cells (oocytes) are released from the fallopian tube, a variety of feedback mechanisms stimulate the endocrine system which cause hormone levels to change. (wikipedia.org)
  • The term "ovarian cancer" is often used to describe cancers that begin in the cells in the ovary, fallopian tube, or peritoneum. (cancer.net)
  • Should the normal ovary remain intact, normal reproductive function of the mare should return in 6-8 months post-surgery. (mvsequine.com)
  • The ovary is an organ in the female reproductive system that produces an ovum. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mature egg cell, observes Roger Gosden, a reproductive biologist at the University of Leeds in England, is the rarest cell in the human body. (discovermagazine.com)
  • The characteristic MRI appearance of a reproductive female ovary is a homogenous soft-tissue T1-weighted signal intensity, which can be difficult to differentiate from adjacent bowel. (eurorad.org)
  • The female reproductive system is dependent upon the health of the ovaries. (mdpi.com)
  • The ovaries are part of the female reproductive system. (cancer.net)
  • The ovaries are the female reproductive organs in which egg cells are produced. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The tumor consists of sex cord-like and mesenchymal differentiation with various possible components, including Sertoli-like tubules, nested granulosa-like architecture, retiform growth, lipidized cells, Leydig-like cells, stromal cells with infiltrative growth, and solid sheets of smooth muscle-like cells. (cedars-sinai.edu)
  • Ovarian granulosa cells from a rat model of PCOS were assigned to control and si-Prok1 groups, after cell culture. (ajol.info)
  • Myo-inositol and melatonin have shown to enhance, synergistically, oocyte and embryo quality and may even help improve IVF outcomes in women with PCOS by offering protection against cell damage from oxidative stress . (pcosnutrition.com)
  • or ascites present containing malignant cells or with positive peritoneal washings. (medscape.com)
  • Tumor involving one or both ovaries with peritoneal implants outside the pelvis and/or positive retroperitoneal or inguinal nodes. (medscape.com)
  • B. Tumor of one or both ovaries with histologically confirmed implants of abdominal peritoneal surfaces, none exceeding 2 cm in diameter. (medscape.com)
  • and (3) there are ascites containing malignant cells or with positive peritoneal washings. (news-medical.net)
  • Rarely, peritoneal cancer can develop after ovaries and fallopian tubes have been removed. (cancer.net)
  • Primary peritoneal cancer often spreads to the ovaries. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Other structures and tissues of the ovaries include the hilum. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tissue culture commonly refers to the culture of animal cells and tissues, with the more specific term plant tissue culture being used for plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • [12] He suggested that the potentialities of individual cells via tissue culture as well as that the reciprocal influences of tissues on one another could be determined by this method. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2 Björkholm E. Granulosa cell tumor: A comparison of survival in patients and matched controls. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, matured in vitro, and injected with frozen-thawed stallion sperm. (bioone.org)
  • Because cancers that begin in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and peritoneum are so similar and spread easily from one of these structures to the others, they are often difficult to distinguish. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In about 10 percent of cases, ovarian cancer develops not in epithelial cells but in germ cells, which are precursors to egg cells, or in hormone-producing ovarian cells called granulosa cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) is a steroid hormone that is primarily produced in the adrenal glands, as well as in ovaries, testes, and placenta. (cdc.gov)
  • They must inject themselves daily for four weeks with large doses of hormones to encourage their ovaries to produce numerous mature oocytes while simultaneously suppressing the normal menstrual cycle, which would eject the eggs into the fallopian tubes. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Malignant ovarian lesions include primary lesions arising from normal structures within the ovary and secondary lesions from cancers arising elsewhere in the body. (medscape.com)
  • The ovaries are surrounded by a capsule, and have an outer cortex and an inner medulla. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell Commun Signal, 2023 Apr 19. (nih.gov)
  • In 1907 the zoologist Ross Granville Harrison demonstrated the growth of frog embryonic cells that would give rise to nerve cells in a medium of clotted lymph . (wikipedia.org)
  • Stage I - Growth of the cancer is limited to the ovary or ovaries. (news-medical.net)
  • Stage IA - Growth is limited to one ovary and the tumor is confined to the inside of the ovary. (news-medical.net)
  • Stage IB - Growth is limited to both ovaries without any tumor on their outer surfaces. (news-medical.net)
  • Stage II - Growth of the cancer involves one or both ovaries with pelvic extension. (news-medical.net)
  • An ovarian cyst is an abnormal growth of tissue that forms on the surface of the ovary and includes fluid. (cancer.net)
  • Therefore, HA-ADT can suppress the growth of HCC cells by blocking the AKT/GSK-3ß/ß-catenin and TGF-ß/Smad2/3 signaling pathways. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cancers occur when a buildup of mutations in critical genes-those that control cell growth and division or repair damaged DNA-allow cells to grow and divide uncontrollably to form a tumor. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Because the altered protein is less able to regulate cell growth and division, a cancerous tumor may develop. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Carcinoma of the ovary is most common in women over age 60. (news-medical.net)
  • ORAOV1, CCND1, and MIR548K are the driver oncogenes of the 11q13 amplicon in squamous cell carcinoma. (ucsf.edu)
  • An enlarged ovary with a papillary serous carcinoma on the surface. (medscape.com)
  • In one set of experiments, begun in 1994, he removed ovaries from ewes, froze strips of the ovarian tissue, then later reimplanted the tissue in the same animals. (discovermagazine.com)
  • The overall 5-year survival rate is at least 75% if the cancer is confined to the ovaries and decreases to 17% in women diagnosed with distant metastases. (news-medical.net)
  • The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture . (wikipedia.org)
  • Since Haberlandt's original assertions, methods for tissue and cell culture have been realized, leading to significant discoveries in biology and medicine. (wikipedia.org)
  • P.C., C.K., M.P.S., and G.M.C. are listed as inventors for U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/326,640, entitled "Methods and Compositions for Producing Granulosa-Like Cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • In this form of cancer, certain cells in the ovary become abnormal and multiply uncontrollably to form a tumor . (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the adult stem cells that have been studied in recent years and used to treat many diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Incidental Langerhans cell histiocytosis associated with metastatic neuroendocrine tumor in the adult liver. (ucsf.edu)
  • Follicular cells are flat epithelial cells that originate from surface epithelium covering the ovary. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common form of ovarian cancer begins in epithelial cells, which are the cells that line the surfaces and cavities of the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These cancers can arise in the epithelial cells on the surface of the ovary. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, researchers suggest that many or even most ovarian cancers begin in epithelial cells on the fringes (fimbriae) at the end of one of the fallopian tubes, and the cancerous cells migrate to the ovary. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cancer can also begin in epithelial cells that form the lining of the abdomen (the peritoneum). (medlineplus.gov)