Organelle mitochondria. Medical search. Frequent questions

This finding has led to general acceptance of the endosymbiotic hypothesis - that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes are able to respire to generate cellular energy. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles that are used to separate all these processes, which means the kitchen is separate from the master bathroom - there are dozens of walled-off rooms, all of which serve a different function in the cell. (yahoo.com)

The outer mitochondrial membrane can associate with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, in a structure called MAM (mitochondria-associated ER-membrane). (wikipedia.org)
These organelles can float freely in the cytoplasm or be connected to the endoplasmic reticulum (see above). (medlineplus.gov)
part of these networks is also established by contacts of the mitochondria with organelles (e.g., with endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, and peroxisomes) [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
For instance, the association of mitochondria with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), in a juxtaposition known as Mitochondria-Associated Membrane (MAM), has an important role in controlling mitochondria biogenesis, Ca 2+ release, and lipid synthesis and apoptosis [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
A primary hepatocyte from an obese mouse, showing close interaction between the endoplasmic reticulum (red) and the mitochondria (green). (harvard.edu)
They counted each of the contact points between two cellular organelles - the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria - and demonstrated for the first time that the number of these connections, called MAMs, markedly increase during obesity. (harvard.edu)

A mitochondrion contains outer and inner membranes composed of phospholipid bilayers and proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Because of this double-membraned organization, there are five distinct parts to a mitochondrion: The outer mitochondrial membrane, The intermembrane space (the space between the outer and inner membranes), The inner mitochondrial membrane, The cristae space (formed by infoldings of the inner membrane), and The matrix (space within the inner membrane), which is a fluid. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane Cell membranes or plasma membranes surround cells, separating the cytoplasm and organelles on the inside from the extracellular fluid on the outside. (bookrags.com)
The generators in the cellular power plants are biological membranes located inside the mitochondria. (sciencedaily.com)
Mitochondria have enclosing outer membranes, and inner membranes with deep folds, called cristae, which extend far into the mitochondrial matrix. (harvardmagazine.com)

Recent work using high-resolution microscopy demonstrates the dynamic formation of inter-organelle membrane contact sites between mitochondria and lysosomes, allowing for their direct interaction in a pathway distinct from mitophagy or lysosomal degradation of mitochondrial-derived vesicles. (nih.gov)
Mitochondria-lysosome contact site tethering is mechanistically regulated by mitochondrial proteins promoting Rab7 GTP hydrolysis, and allows for the bidirectional crosstalk between mitochondria and lysosomes and the regulation of their organelle network dynamics, including mitochondrial fission. (nih.gov)
Mitochondria receive cholesterol from late endosomes and lysosomes (LE/LYSs) or from the plasma membrane for production of oxysterols and steroid hormones. (nature.com)
Using fluorescence microscopy, we localize endo-lysosomes containing NPC2 relative to mitochondria based on the Euclidian distance transform and use statistical inference to show that about 30% of such LE/LYSs are in contact to mitochondria in human fibroblasts. (nature.com)
We devise a protocol to determine the surface fraction of endo-lysosomes in contact with mitochondria and show that this fraction does not depend on functional NPC1 or NPC2 proteins. (nature.com)
Lasting MCSs between endo-lysosomes containing NPC2 and mitochondria move by slow anomalous sub-diffusion, providing location and time for sterol transport between both organelles. (nature.com)
Lysosomes are acidic organelles that traffic throughout neurons delivering catabolic enzymes to distal regions of the cell and maintaining degradative demands. (bvsalud.org)
Precursor vesicles are distinct from conventional secretory organelles, endosomes, and degradative lysosomes and are transported by coincident detection of PI(3,5)P2 and active ARL8 via kinesin KIF1A to the presynaptic compartment. (bvsalud.org)

Although most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own genome ("mitogenome") that is substantially similar to bacterial genomes. (wikipedia.org)
Those energy-producing organelles are inherited from a mother and have their own DNA, distinct from the genetic information - from both parents - that's stored in a cell's nucleus. (sciencenews.org)
The jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located. (enchantedlearning.com)
A flattened, layered, sac-like organelle that looks like a stack of pancakes and is located near the nucleus. (enchantedlearning.com)
An organelle within the nucleus - it is where ribosomal RNA is produced. (enchantedlearning.com)
Prokaryotes (bacteria) do NOT have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles. (proprofs.com)
Prokaryotic cells are simpler and lack the eukaryote's membrane-bound organelles and nucleus, which encapsulate the cell's DNA. (yahoo.com)
there are two locations the DNA comes from-- the nucleus and the mitochondria. (bartleby.com)

Some cells in some multicellular organisms lack mitochondria (for example, mature mammalian red blood cells). (wikipedia.org)
Toxicant effects on mammalian oocyte mitochondria. (cdc.gov)
As the oocyte matures in the postnatal mammalian ovary during folliculogenesis it increases exponentially in volume, and the oocyte mitochondria population proliferates to about 100 000 mitochondria per healthy, mature murine oocyte. (cdc.gov)

It is important to note that there are other mitochondrial signals such as mtDNA for inflammation and cytochrome c for apoptosis that are also active areas of research into the role of mitochondria as signaling organelles. (indiabioscience.org)
Together, these functions highlight the critical role of mitochondria in the life and death of cells. (fda.gov)

According to this view, the later development of mitochondria rendered peroxisomes largely obsolete because many of the same reactions-which had formerly been carried out in peroxisomes without producing energy-were now coupled to ATP formation by means of oxidative phosphorylation . (nih.gov)
The oxidative reactions performed by peroxisomes in present-day cells would therefore be those that have important functions not taken over by mitochondria. (nih.gov)
Mitochondria are the energy producing organelles in eukaryotic cell providing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). (hindawi.com)
A recent study showed that mitochondria clustering around the perinuclear region can act as signaling for increased oxidative stress affecting hypoxia inducible promoters [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
This key function of mitochondria is executed via oxidative phosphorylation, which is composed of four complexes (I through IV) of the electron transport chain that couple with complex V to produce energy as ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). (fda.gov)
One of the unique features of mitochondria is that they contain their own small, circular DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and independent machinery of ribosomal and transfer RNAs (ribonucleic acid) and ribosomes for synthesis of 13 proteins encoded by the mitochondrial DNA essential for oxidative phosphorylation. (fda.gov)
A major site of oxidative stress in cells is in mitochondria, Bottje said. (feedstuffs.com)
It was therefore assumed that cancer cells were generating energy using glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and that the mitochondria were dysfunctional. (researchgate.net)

Larger proteins can enter the mitochondrion if a signaling sequence at their N-terminus binds to a large multisubunit protein called translocase in the outer membrane, which then actively moves them across the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Far from being inert fat-storage depots within cells, these lipid-loaded organelles recruit immune proteins and block bacterial growth. (the-scientist.com)
are organelles that process the cell's genetic instructions to create proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
These proteins show similar domain architectures as known organelle-targeted expression regulators of the octotrico peptide repeat type in algae and plants. (frontiersin.org)
Like mitochondria and chloroplasts, however, peroxisomes are thought to acquire their proteins by selective import from the cytosol . (nih.gov)
And both organelles use their DNA to produce many proteins and enzymes required for their function. (utah.edu)
The mitochondria have their own chaperones and proteolytic enzymes that remove damaged or unfolded proteins [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mitochondria-related genes are regions on DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which encode proteins that are important for mitochondrial structure and function. (fda.gov)
For the most part, these proteins are synthesized outside of the organelles and then imported with the help of protein translocases. (sciencedaily.com)
Mitochondria are especially sensitive to toxic insults, as they are a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), they contain their own DNA (mtDNA) that is unprotected by histone proteins, they contain the electron transport chain that uses electron donors, including oxygen, to generate ATP, and they are important sensors for overall cellular stress. (cdc.gov)

Beyond the organelle dynamics, the constant interaction with the ubiquitin-proteasome-system (UPS) has become an emerging aspect of healthy mitochondria. (hindawi.com)
Scientists have also recently reported a method of extracting defective mitochondria, the energy powerhouses of cells, from a woman 's egg and replacing them with healthy mitochondria from a donor egg" (Ghose 2014). (bartleby.com)

In plant cells, ATP is produced in the cristae of mitochondria and chloroplasts. (enchantedlearning.com)
Peroxisomes differ from mitochondria and chloroplasts in many ways. (nih.gov)
There is compelling evidence that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once primitive bacterial cells. (utah.edu)
Over millions of years of evolution, mitochondria and chloroplasts have become more specialized and today they cannot live outside the cell. (utah.edu)
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have striking similarities to bacteria cells. (utah.edu)
A double membrane surrounds both mitochondria and chloroplasts, further evidence that each was ingested by a primitive host. (utah.edu)

Prof. Chandel's lab studies the many ways in which mitochondria, and metabolism in general, can affect changes in cell functions. (indiabioscience.org)
One hypothesis is that peroxisomes are a vestige of an ancient organelle that performed all the oxygen metabolism in the primitive ancestors of eucaryotic cells. (nih.gov)
This is very clearly a burgeoning field, as our understanding of oocyte mitochondria and metabolism is still relatively new, and we contend much more research is needed to understand the detrimental impacts of exposure to toxicants on oocyte mitochondria. (cdc.gov)

We demonstrate that the motility of peroxisomes, recycling endosomes and mitochondria can be locally and repeatedly induced or stopped, allowing rapid organelle repositioning. (nature.com)
Peroxisomes thus resemble the ER in being a self-replicating, membrane-enclosed organelle that exists without a genome of its own. (nih.gov)
Because we do not discuss peroxisomes elsewhere, we shall digress to consider some of the functions of this diverse family of organelles, before discussing their biosynthesis. (nih.gov)
Like mitochondria, peroxisomes are major sites of oxygen utilization. (nih.gov)

Mitochondrial and lysosomal function are intricately related and critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis, as highlighted by multiple diseases linked to dysfunction of both organelles. (nih.gov)
Mitochondria have been implicated in several human disorders and conditions, such as mitochondrial diseases, cardiac dysfunction, heart failure and autism. (wikipedia.org)
Dysfunction of mitochondria and UPS increases with age and correlates with many age-related diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration. (hindawi.com)

For many organelles, however, the precise connection between position and function has remained unclear, because strategies to control intracellular organelle positioning with spatiotemporal precision are lacking. (nature.com)
No longer free-living, that bacterium evolved to become what is now the mitochondrion, an intracellular organelle. (harvardmagazine.com)

Symbiotic organelles: plastids and mitochondria. (elte.hu)
The endosymbiotic acquisition of mitochondria and plastids more than one billion years ago was central for the evolution of eukaryotic life. (frontiersin.org)
The cercozoan amoeba Paulinella chromatophora contains photosynthetic organelles-termed chromatophores-that evolved from a cyanobacterium ∼100 million years ago, independently from plastids in plants and algae. (frontiersin.org)
These findings imply that similar to the situation in mitochondria and plastids, also in P. chromatophora nuclear factors evolved that control metabolite exchange and gene expression in the chromatophore. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, the mechanism generating metabolic connectivity of the chromatophore fundamentally differs from the one for mitochondria and plastids, but likely rather resembles the poorly understood mechanism in various bacterial endosymbionts in plants and insects. (frontiersin.org)

The findings may help scientists to throw light on the mechanisms of diseases caused by defects in the biogenesis of mitochondria. (sciencedaily.com)

Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy. (wikipedia.org)
Spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. (enchantedlearning.com)

The advance paves the way for one day fixing mutations in mitochondria. (sciencenews.org)
Earlier that week, he'd read about them in his pathology class, for which the definitive textbook included just a single, brief reference suggesting that mutations in mitochondria might lead to a human muscle disease. (harvardmagazine.com)
The mutations in the mitochondria can occur in the mother and then be given to the offspring. (bartleby.com)

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Small organelles composed of RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis. (enchantedlearning.com)
The association of huntingtin with the cytoplasmic surface of a variety of organelles, including transport vesicles, synaptic vesicles, microtubules, and mitochondria, raises the possibility of the occurrence of normal cellular interactions that might be relevant to neurodegeneration. (medscape.com)

PL: mitochondria) is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi. (wikipedia.org)
The mitochondria stolen via these tiny connections give tumor cells a metabolic boost while the T cells are left weakened, according to in vitro experiments. (the-scientist.com)
Our quantitative imaging strategy will be of high value for characterizing the dynamics and function of MCSs between various organelles in living cells. (nature.com)
It also provides a track-like system that directs the movement of organelles and other substances within cells. (medlineplus.gov)
An organelle in some plant cells that stores starch. (enchantedlearning.com)
The difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells has to do with the little stuff-doing parts of the cell, called organelles. (yahoo.com)
Mitochondrion is an organelle that plays a critical role in the survival and function of cells. (fda.gov)
While mitochondrial energy is vital for the survival of cells, these organelles also play an important role in the execution of apoptosis (programmed cell death), a process that serves as a major defense mechanism to remove unwanted and potentially dangerous cells. (fda.gov)
Using an immunogold labeling method with anti- (malate synthase) antiserum, the only organelles stained in cells were the mitochondria. (bioone.org)
Feb. 18, 2020 As power plants and energy stores, mitochondria are essential components of almost all cells in plants, fungi and animals. (sciencedaily.com)
This Copernican Revolution from organelle biology to organelle zone biology will drastically change and advance our thoughts about cells. (go.jp)
In contrast, the KCBP knockout (KO) line in the moss Physcomitrella patens showed a defect in nuclear and organelle positioning in apical stem cells. (go.jp)
[ 3 ] In response to alveolar hypoxia, the mitochondria in the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells change reactive oxygen species and redox couples, which inhibits potassium channels, depolarizes the cell, activates voltage-gated calcium channels, and increases the calcium concentration within the cell to cause vasoconstriction. (medscape.com)
The subject was mitochondria, the tiny energy-producing organelles inside cells. (harvardmagazine.com)
Even in an era of specialization, such singular focus might seem extreme, but mitochondria are one of the most complex biological machines within cells-and arguably the most interesting. (harvardmagazine.com)
Cells can also produce a quick and easy form of sugar-based energy without the help of mitochondria, through an anaerobic process called glycolysis, but a mitochondrion oxidizing the same sugar yields 15 times as much energy for the cell to use. (harvardmagazine.com)
In an elegant proof-of-principle approach, the researchers used synthetic molecules to decrease the physical distance between the ER and mitochondria in cells and in liver tissue and found that this intervention impaired mitochondrial function and made mice more sensitive to high fat diet-induced insulin resistance and diabetes. (harvard.edu)
He decided to analyze DNA from Neanderthal mitochondria - organelles in cells that contain their own DNA. (nobelprize.org)
These organelles that are found in cells are called the powerhouse of the cells. (bartleby.com)
They observed high glucose consumption and large amounts of lactate excretion from cancer cells compared with normal cells, which oxidised glucose using mitochondria. (researchgate.net)
Advances in research techniques since then have shown the mitochondria in cancer cells to be functional across a range of tumour types. (researchgate.net)
cells, which oxidised glucose using mitochondria. (researchgate.net)
Oocyte mitochondria are unique organelles that establish a founder population in primordial germ cells (PGCs). (cdc.gov)
Unlike mammals, birds have nucleated red blood cells that retain almost all functional organelles in the mature state. (lu.se)

Mitochondria have folding to increase surface area, which in turn increases ATP (adenosine triphosphate) production. (wikipedia.org)
The mitochondrion converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for the cell. (enchantedlearning.com)
In a five-part respiratory chain, the organelle captures oxygen and combines it with glucose and fatty acids to create the complex organic chemical ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the fuel on which life runs. (harvardmagazine.com)

Both enzymes were found in the mitochondrial fraction after organelle fractionation by isopycnic centrifugation. (bioone.org)

We now include manually curated annotations of sub-mitochondrial localization (matrix, inner membrane, intermembrane space, outer membrane) as well as assignment to 149 hierarchical 'MitoPathways' spanning seven broad functional categories relevant to mitochondria. (nih.gov)
The size and separation of functional 'rooms,' or organelles, in eukaryotes is similar to the many rooms and complex organization of a mansion. (yahoo.com)
The maintenance of "healthy" and fully functional mitochondria is thus essential for cellular homeodynamics. (hindawi.com)
It turns out that the enhanced MAM formation in obesity is too much of a good thing, leading to functional failure of multiple organelles and amplification of cellular stress," Hotamisligil said. (harvard.edu)

This in vitro fertilization technique requires mitochondria from a donor egg, in addition to genetic information from a mother and father. (sciencenews.org)

In line with this notion, mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that undergo fission and fusion and move into the cell along the microtubules to generate the mitochondrial network [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)

In this review, we summarize recent advances in mitochondria-lysosome contact site regulation and function, and discuss their potential roles in cellular homeostasis and various human diseases. (nih.gov)

There are no cures for these diseases and currently, the only way to prevent a child from inheriting dysfunctional mitochondria is a controversial "three-parent baby" method ( SN: 12/14/16 ). (sciencenews.org)

Electron microscopy of this fraction indicated that mitochondria were the only recognizable organelles. (bioone.org)

This catalogue was compiled using a Bayesian integration of multiple sequence features and experimental datasets, notably protein mass spectrometry of mitochondria isolated from fourteen murine tissues. (nih.gov)
Using the intrinsically fluorescent cholesterol analog, cholestatrienol, we directly observe sterol transport to mitochondria in fibroblasts upon treating NPC2 deficient human fibroblasts with NPC2 protein. (nature.com)
Two critical factors during this dauntingly complex process appear to be the establishment of metabolic connectivity between the symbiotic partners, and the evolution of nuclear control over protein expression levels within the organelle. (frontiersin.org)
Mitochondria produce metabolic energy by oxidizing carbohydrates, protein, and fatty acids. (harvardmagazine.com)

Archamoebae comprises free-living or endobiotic amoebiform protists that inhabit anaerobic or microaerophilic environments and possess mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs) adapted to function anaerobically. (lu.se)

The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is the cell organelle responsible for energy production. (answers.com)
Mitochondria are responsible for the production of cell's energy in the form of ATP and are therefore also called as powerhouse of a cell. (answers.com)
Mitochondria provide energy to the cell, and are known as the "powerhouses" of the cell. (answers.com)
What is the organelle responsible for making energy? (answers.com)
Cell organelle that provides energy to the cell? (answers.com)
What organelle is most important for providing energy to a cell? (answers.com)
Mitochondria have historically been viewed as a simple energy source for the cell. (indiabioscience.org)
In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell death, as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth. (wikipedia.org)
are complex organelles that convert energy from food into a form that the cell can use. (medlineplus.gov)
The smaller prokaryote could perform aerobic respiration, or process sugars into energy using oxygen, similar to the mitochondria we see in eukaryotes that are living today. (yahoo.com)
In addition to the prime function of energy production, these cellular organelles are involved in fatty acid β-oxidation, the citric acid cycle (TCA cycle), heme and iron-sulfur cluster assembly, amino acids, pyrimidine, and steroid synthesis, and calcium and iron homeostasis. (fda.gov)
These organelles make energy stored in food ready for use by the cell. (sciencedaily.com)
Mitochondria are organelles that provide most of the energy necessary for the cell. (pasteur.fr)
Mitochondria are key organelles involved in energy production as well as numerous metabolic processes. (imperial.ac.uk)

The multiply-folded inner membrane of a cell's mitochondrion that are finger-like projections. (enchantedlearning.com)

Mitochondria stripped of their outer membrane are called mitoplasts. (wikipedia.org)

Continuous delivery of a portion of cellular cholesterol to mitochondria ensures synthesis of cholesterol-derived sterols, like oxysterols and steroid hormones via mitochondria-localized oxidoreductases. (nature.com)

Prof. Chandel's lab has elucidated mitochondria have a third distinct role whereby they participate in cellular signaling processes through the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the metabolite L‑2hydroxyglutrate (L‑2HG). (indiabioscience.org)
Furthermore, mitochondria are major sites of production of reactive oxygen species. (fda.gov)

They have also identified that mitochondria release the metabolite L‑2HG, which increases histone and DNA methylation to control hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation and regulatory T cell (Treg) function, respectively. (indiabioscience.org)

The physical principles that dictate the formation of these subcellular compartments are simple, but they dictate the organelles' complex functions. (the-scientist.com)
In addition, the subcellular distribution of mitochondria can affect the cellular transcriptome and transcription rates. (hindawi.com)

The module will provide detailed information on aspects of basic mitochondrial biology including the origins and essential functions of mitochondria, the maintenance and expression of the mitochondrial genome, and the metabolic processes in which mitochondria play a role. (ncl.ac.uk)

Optimized tweezers enable precise 3-D manipulations of a cell's organelles. (the-scientist.com)
Arizona State University's "Ask a Biologist" provides a description and illustration of each of the cell's organelles . (medlineplus.gov)

each organelle has functionally distinct zones, and zones in different organelles closely interact each other in order to perform complex cellular functions. (go.jp)

The mitochondrion is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. (wikipedia.org)
[18] [19] The mitochondrion is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. (wikipedia.org)
Microbes, traditionally thought to lack organelles, get a metabolic boost from geometric compartments that act as cauldrons for chemical reactions. (the-scientist.com)

The DNA from the mitochondria is called the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), this DNA has over 16,000 base pairs (bps) that can be used to view the the lineage of a person's history. (bartleby.com)

A mature red blood cell has no mitochondria, whereas a liver cell can have more than 2000. (wikipedia.org)
This review will examine the role mitochondria play in the pathophysiology of common liver diseases, including alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma. (imperial.ac.uk)

Damage to mitochondria can lead to diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and obesity. (fda.gov)

[ 2 ] The oxygen-sensing organelle mediating pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction is hypothesized to be located in the mitochondria. (medscape.com)
Probing mitochondria and oxygen, Vamsi Mootha finds new ways to understand disease. (harvardmagazine.com)

For decades, the mitochondria have been primarily viewed as biosynthetic and bioenergetic organelles generating metabolites for the production of macromolecules and ATP, respectively. (indiabioscience.org)
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that provide essential metabolic functions and represent the major bioenergetic hub of eukaryotic cell. (hindawi.com)

The eukaryote Monocercomonoides is known to have completely lost its mitochondria, and the multicellular organism Henneguya salminicola is known to have retained mitochondrion-related organelles in association with a complete loss of their mitochondrial genome. (wikipedia.org)
Until recent years, the mitochondrial genome, located in the mitochondrion, and the genetic information encoded by it have been given little attention. (bartleby.com)

Moreover, nonreversible mitochondrial damage targets the organelle to a specific autophagic removal, namely, mitophagy. (hindawi.com)

A large number of unicellular organisms, such as microsporidia, parabasalids and diplomonads, have reduced or transformed their mitochondria into other structures. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria are single-celled organisms with a circular DNA molecule and no organelles. (utah.edu)

The mitochondrion is popularly nicknamed the "powerhouse of the cell", a phrase coined by Philip Siekevitz in a 1957 article of the same name. (wikipedia.org)

This is important in the ER-mitochondria calcium signaling and is involved in the transfer of lipids between the ER and mitochondria. (wikipedia.org)
Cholesterol trafficking between sterol-rich organelles, such as the PM and endosomes and metabolically active but sterol-poor organelles, like ER and mitochondria, is very important, as the two latter harbor the molecular machinery to sense cellular cholesterol abundance and to convert cholesterol into essential sterol metabolites, respectively 4 . (nature.com)
In this way, mitochondria are constantly communicating important information to the rest of the cell. (feedstuffs.com)
Mitochondria are cool, important, and fascinating. (scienceblogs.com)

Anatomy48

Organisms15

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs115

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Eukaryotic cells2

Endoplasmic reticulum6

Membranes5

Lysosomes8

Nucleus8

Mammalian3

Role of mitochondria2

Oxidative8

Proteins10

Healthy mitochondria2

Chloroplasts6

Metabolism3

Peroxisomes4

Dysfunction3

Intracellular organelle2

Plastids5

Biogenesis1

Double membrane2

Mutations3

Cytoplasmic7

Cells24

Adenosine triphosphate3

Enzymes1

Functional4

Donor egg1

Fission1

Lysosome1

Dysfunctional1

Electron microscopy1

Protein4

Anaerobic1

Energy14

Inner membrane1

Outer membrane1

Synthesis1

Reactive oxygen2

Increases1

Subcellular2

Metabolic processes1

Cell's organelles2

Distinct1

Compartments3

MtDNA1

Liver2

Diseases1

Oxygen2

Bioenergetic2

Genome2

Mitophagy1

Organisms2

Powerhouse1

Important4