Oral rotavirus vaccines. Medical search. Frequent questions

The RotaTeq brand of rotavirus oral vaccine is for use in children between the ages of 6 weeks and 32 weeks old. (everydayhealth.com)
What is Rotateq (Rotavirus Vaccine, Live (Oral)) used for? (everydayhealth.com)
Can I take Rotateq (Rotavirus Vaccine, Live (Oral)) if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding? (everydayhealth.com)
RotaTeq is indicated for the prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants and children caused by Types G1, G2, G3, G4, and G9 when administered as a 3-dose series to infants between the ages of 6 to 32 weeks. (merckvaccines.com)
RotaTeq ® (Rotavirus Vaccine, Live, Oral, Pentavalent) should not be administered to infants with a demonstrated history of hypersensitivity to the vaccine or any component of the vaccine. (merckvaccines.com)
Post-marketing reports of gastroenteritis, including severe diarrhea and prolonged shedding of vaccine virus, have been reported in infants who were administered RotaTeq and later identified as having SCID. (merckvaccines.com)
RotaTeq may not protect all vaccine recipients against rotavirus. (merckvaccines.com)
Before administering RotaTeq ® (Rotavirus Vaccine, Live, Oral, Pentavalent) , please read the accompanying Prescribing Information . (merckvaccines.com)
As of 2013, there are two types of vaccine available globally, Rotarix and RotaTeq. (wikipedia.org)
A 2021 Cochrane systematic review concluded that Rotavac, RotaTeq, and Rotarix vaccines are safe and are effective at preventing diarrhea that is related to a rotavirus infection. (wikipedia.org)
RotaTeq is a live, oral pentavalent vaccine that contains five rotavirus strains produced by reassortment. (wikipedia.org)
In February 2006, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an oral vaccine for rotavirus (RotaTeq). (medscape.com)
An older rotavirus vaccine (RotaShield) was associated with an increased incidence of intussusception and is no longer on the market, but RotaTeq did not show an increased risk compared with placebo in clinical trials. (medscape.com)
consisting of either two oral doses of RV1 (trade name: Rotarix®) or three oral doses of RV5 (trade name: RotaTeq®) beginning at about 2 months of age (no earlier than 6 weeks of age). (vaccinesafety.edu)
There are two rotavirus vaccines currently licensed in the United States: RV5 (RotaTeq®), which contains five reassortant rotaviruses suspended in a buffer solution, and RV1 (Rotarix®), which contains one attenuated strain of human rotavirus and is reconstituted from lyophilized powder prior to administration 1 . (vaccinesafety.edu)
We therefore aimed to compare the immunogenicity of RotaTeq (Merck, Kenilworth, NJ, USA) and Rotarix (GlaxoSmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium) rotavirus vaccines in the same population and examined risk factors for low seroresponse. (cdc.gov)
We randomly assigned participants (1:1), using block randomisation via a computer-generated electronic allocation with block sizes of 8, 16, 24, and 32, to receive either three RotaTeq vaccine doses at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks or two Rotarix doses at ages 6 and 10 weeks without oral poliovirus vaccine. (cdc.gov)
Seroconversion at age 18 weeks in the RotaTeq arm and age of 14 weeks in the Rotarix arm was used to compare the complete series of each vaccine. (cdc.gov)
Rotavirus IgA seroconversion 4 weeks after the full series occurred in 390 (73%) of 531 infants age 18 weeks in the RotaTeq arm and 354 (64%) of 549 infants age 14 weeks in the Rotarix arm (p=001). (cdc.gov)
In the RotaTeq arm, rotavirus IgA seroconversion was lower in non-secretors than in secretors at ages 14 weeks (p=008), 18 weeks (p=001), and 22 weeks (p=002). (cdc.gov)
One death due to aspiration occurred in the RotaTeq arm, which was not related to the vaccine. (cdc.gov)
INTERPRETATION: RotaTeq induced a higher magnitude and longer duration of rotavirus IgA response than Rotarix in this high child mortality setting. (cdc.gov)

Rotavirus shedding in stool occurs after vaccination with peak excretion occurring around Day 7 after Dose 1. (rotarixhcp.com)
A 2009 review estimated that vaccination against rotavirus would prevent about 45% of deaths due to rotavirus gastroenteritis, or about 228,000 deaths annually worldwide. (wikipedia.org)
Rotavirus vaccines are licensed in more than 100 countries, and more than 80 countries have introduced routine rotavirus vaccination. (wikipedia.org)
In the United States, vaccination has reduced rotavirus-related hospitalizations by as much as 86% since 2006. (wikipedia.org)
When in doubt about the appropriate handling of a vaccine, vaccination providers should contact that vaccine's manufacturer. (cdc.gov)
In certain circumstances in which a single vaccine type is being used (e.g., in preparation for a community influenza vaccination campaign), filling a small number (10 or fewer) of syringes may be considered (5). (cdc.gov)
Maximum age of the first dose of rotavirus vaccination is 14 weeks and 6 days, and maximum age for any dose is 8 months 1,2 . (vaccinesafety.edu)
Severe allergic reaction (e.g. anaphylaxis) to a previous dose, vaccine component or component of the oral applicator is a contraindication to further vaccination with RV. (vaccinesafety.edu)
It takes just five visits to your General Practice (family doctor) to complete your baby's vaccination schedule, giving your baby the best protection from these vaccine preventable diseases. (hse.ie)
Live, attenuated vaccines should be administered only when an inactivated version does not exist and the risk of the disease clearly outweighs the theoretical risk of vaccination. (hivguidelines.org)
Use live, attenuated vaccines only if an inactivated alternative is not available and the risk of disease is greater than the risk of vaccination. (hivguidelines.org)
Thus, when an adverse event occurs after vaccination, it needs to be determined whether the adverse event was caused by the vaccine or whether it was just coincidental in time with the administration of the vaccine-that is, it was going to happen anyway. (immunizationinfo.org)
If symptoms of the disease occurred before vaccination, then the vaccine is not the cause. (immunizationinfo.org)
Causation may be inferred if the adverse event or disease only occurs following vaccination and does not occur in persons who did not receive the vaccine. (immunizationinfo.org)
Although immunization with the human papillomavirus vaccine is recommended for all boys and girls, vaccination rates remain low. (aafp.org)
Family physicians should gather accurate information about the harms and benefits of vaccines to advocate for vaccination and decrease the incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases. (aafp.org)
2 , 5 Administration of acetaminophen at the time of vaccination or shortly afterward may alleviate some adverse effects, but there may be a decreased antibody response to some vaccine antigens in children who receive antipyretics. (aafp.org)
Footnote 2 The European Rotavirus Vaccination Advocacy Committee ( ERVAC ) has recently advocated introduction of rotavirus vaccine into childhood immunization programs, although the members agree that further studies on the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in Europe need to be done for a better evaluation of the cost and benefit of rotavirus vaccination programs. (canada.ca)
Oral administration of vaccines is the most convenient way of vaccination, owing to the factors such as oral vaccines are non-invasive, safe, and suitable for all age groups, especially children. (medgadget.com)
Oral vaccines are mostly preferred for mass vaccination and are mostly liquid filled in sachet or blister. (medgadget.com)
For instance, in August 2019, the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), reported that around 400,000 people including 65,000 children were vaccinated in a six day oral cholera vaccination campaign run by the local health authorities of Yemen in three cities of Yemen (Aden, Al Dhale'e, and Taizz). (medgadget.com)
Rotavirus is most dangerous for young infants like Gunjan, so early vaccination is crucial. (defeatdd.org)
To further the control of disease by vaccination, we must develop safe and effective new vaccines to combat infectious diseases, and address the public's concerns. (nature.com)
Oral vaccines hold potential to take immunization to new level of excellence, due to more adherence to vaccination regime. (health-newswire.net)
Based on end user, the global oral vaccines market has been classified as hospitals, clinics, government vaccination centers, and research institutes. (health-newswire.net)
Government vaccination centers are expected to contribute highest market share in the global oral vaccines market due to strong patient pool towards national immunization programs. (health-newswire.net)
In the United States before rotavirus vaccination became available, a wave of rotavirus illness would begin in the Southwest in December and end in the Northeast in April or May. (msdmanuals.com)
An inactivated adjuvanted vaccine for the vaccination of pregnant mares to stimulate the production of antibodies against Equine Rotavirus H2 serotype in colostrum and milk as an aid in the management of Rotavirus Enteritis. (theanimalpharmacy.com.au)
Unique specialist breeding vaccine for the vaccination of pregnant mares to provide passive transfer of antibodies to foals to reduce the risk of diarrhoea caused by Equine Rotavirus. (theanimalpharmacy.com.au)
84/185 infants (45%) showed an increase in neutralising antibody titre after receiving rotavirus vaccination, compared with 20/91 (22%) of unvaccinated infants. (gla.ac.uk)
High maternal antibody levels to rotavirus at the time of vaccination may have reduced the immune response to vaccination. (gla.ac.uk)
In anticipation of the development of a successful rotavirus vaccine, factors leading to poor vaccination compliance were investigated. (gla.ac.uk)
A strong public health infrastructure at national, $4,360,695 state, and local levels is vital to sustaining high vaccination coverage levels and low incidence of vaccine prevent- able diseases. (cdc.gov)
Investments in Connecticut support national efforts to improve influenza prevention through vaccination and $948,991 col ect data that helps decide the makeup of the next season's flu vaccine. (cdc.gov)
Additional vaccination strategies should be evaluated to overcome the suboptimal performance of current oral rotavirus vaccines in these settings. (cdc.gov)

Contract prices are those for CDC vaccine contracts that are established for the purchase of vaccines by immunization programs that receive CDC immunization cooperative agreement funds (i.e., state health departments, certain large city immunization projects, and certain current and former U.S. territories). (cdc.gov)
In Brazil, Rotarix, a monovalent attenuated human rotavirus vaccine for infants 6-24 weeks of age, was introduced in the National Immunization Programs in March, 2006. (cdc.gov)
The prequalification program ensures that the vaccines are safe and effective for the immunization programs. (medgadget.com)
The prequalification status qualifies the vaccine ShanIPV for purchase by the agencies of the United Nations for various immunization programs. (medgadget.com)
The growth in this market is majorly driven by factors such as strong pipeline for vaccines, increasing government focus on immunization programs, and technological progress in vaccine administration. (globenewswire.com)
The growth in the global vaccines market is mainly attributed to the strong pipeline for vaccines, increasing government focus on immunization programs, and technological progress in vaccines administration. (globenewswire.com)

Safety and efficacy trials in Africa and Asia found that the vaccines dramatically reduced severe disease among infants in developing countries, where a majority of rotavirus-related deaths occur. (wikipedia.org)
In the team's earlier field work in children in Ghana and Pakistan, they found that infants with good immunity to the rotavirus vaccine had specific bacteria in their intestine. (sciencedaily.com)
While the results from this study are limited since rotavirus is a childhood disease and the microbiome of infants and children is different in adults, the researchers are buoyed that their microbiome/vaccine response theory deserves further study. (sciencedaily.com)
Harris emphasizes that this work does not advocate for antibiotic use in infants or children to boost rotavirus responses. (sciencedaily.com)
If the government of India decides to introduce the vaccine into the country's Universal Immunization Programme, it will also be made available to all infants in India free of charge. (path.org)
Mathew Esona] Rotaviruses are the most common cause of diarrhea in infants and young children, and are a serious public health issue. (cdc.gov)
Children with SCID have developed persistent diarrhea caused by rotavirus vaccines that was cured only after the infants received bone marrow transplants to correct the immune deficiency 7,8 . (vaccinesafety.edu)
Patients with HIV should avoid handling diapers of infants vaccinated against rotavirus in the previous 4 weeks, and all household members should wash their hands after changing diapers of an infant recently vaccinated against rotavirus. (hivguidelines.org)
Rotavirus Vaccine The rotavirus vaccine is recommended for infants to protect against gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus disease. (msdmanuals.com)
Rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants and young children may last 5 to 7 days. (msdmanuals.com)
It has an established tradition of research excellence, with discoveries including the Sabin oral polio vaccine, the surfactant preparation that saves the lives of thousands of premature infants each year, and a rotavirus vaccine that saves the lives of hundreds of thousands of infants around the world each year. (cincinnatichildrens.org)

Rotavirus is responsible for the hospitalization of approximately 55,000 children each year in the United States and the death of more than 600,000 children annually worldwide, as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (online-family-doctor.com)

The vaccine was well tolerated when administered with other childhood vaccines, including oral polio vaccine. (path.org)
For instance, in October 2018, Sanofi Pasteur received the prequalification status from the World Health Organization (WHO) for its inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV), ShanIPV. (medgadget.com)
Another ACIP recommendation is the oral polio vaccine. (jpands.org)
Yet, the live oral polio vaccine is still given, and some people still get polio from the vaccine. (jpands.org)
2, boost population immunity and accelerate the eradication of polio, all countries successfully switched from trivalent to bivalent oral polio vaccine and introduced inactivated polio vaccine, meeting the set timelines for the global switch. (who.int)
The first oral vaccines came into market was Sabin attenuated strains trivalent polio vaccine (tOPV), which witnessed huge success since in terms of immunization and population acceptance in Americas, Europe and Western Pacific, since 1999. (health-newswire.net)
No effect from the concurrent administration of oral polio vaccine on the immune response to rotavirus vaccine was observed. (gla.ac.uk)
Lower type 1 and type 3 polio antibody levels were found in children who received oral polio and rotavirus vaccines than those who received oral polio vaccine and placebo but differences between the two groups were not statistically significant. (gla.ac.uk)

A Cochrane Database review evaluated the results of 43 trials with 190,551 participants comparing rotavirus vaccines, both the monovalent and pentavalent types (RV1 and RV5), with placebo. (medscape.com)
Currently, two oral vaccines, monovalent and pentavalent vaccines are available. (who.int)
Monovalent rotavirus vaccine is administered orally in a two-dose schedule while pentavalent Rotavirus vaccine is administered orally in a three-dose schedule. (who.int)

The SE15901-08 strain, collected on day 7 after the first dose, showed 100% nt identity with all Rotarix strain gene segments and could represent vaccine shedding. (cdc.gov)
ROTARIX is a vaccine indicated for the prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis caused by G1 and non-G1 types (G3, G4, and G9) when administered as a 2-dose series. (rotarixhcp.com)
Rotarix is a monovalent, human, live attenuated rotavirus vaccine containing one rotavirus strain of G1P[8] specificity. (wikipedia.org)
In April 2008, the FDA approved Rotarix, another oral vaccine, for prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis. (medscape.com)
Rotarix was efficacious in a large study, which reported that Rotarix protected patients with severe rotavirus gastroenteritis and decreased the rate of severe diarrhea or gastroenteritis of any cause. (medscape.com)
However, on March 22, 2010, the FDA recommended the temporary discontinuation of its use, pending further studies on the reported presence of an apparently benign pig virus in the Rotarix vaccine. (medscape.com)
Similarly, in the Rotarix arm, rotavirus IgA seroconversion was lower in non-secretors than in secretors at ages 14 weeks (p=002) and 22 weeks (p=001). (cdc.gov)

Avoid receiving the doses of this vaccine in different clinics or from different doctors. (everydayhealth.com)
Your child should receive the same brand of rotavirus oral vaccine for all doses given. (everydayhealth.com)
Vaccine from two or more vials should never be combined to make one or more doses. (cdc.gov)
In Ireland vaccine uptake rates of the first and second doses of the MMR vaccine have dropped below the 95% rate that is recommended by the WHO to stop measles from spreading. (hse.ie)
Immunogenicity, vaccine response monitoring, and requirements for additional booster doses for patients with HIV are discussed on pages for individual vaccines. (hivguidelines.org)
The key to this vaccine is all three doses need to be given before the baby's eight months old,' Hampton said. (cbc.ca)
Babies get 2 or 3 oral doses between ages 2-6 months (depending on the vaccine brand). (webmd.com)
Pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) - It comes in four doses, starting at 2 months. (webmd.com)
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) - Four doses protect against polio. (webmd.com)
Children should get 2 doses of the vaccine starting at age 1. (webmd.com)
Despite the global delivery of roughly 15 billion doses through different mechanisms as of October 2022, only 12% of this total came from COVAX, a worldwide global alliance for equitable access to Covid vaccines. (grandviewresearch.com)
4. The Regional immunization coverage with three doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis- containing vaccine (DTP3)2 stagnated at 74% in 2016, below the expected GVAP and RSPI 90% coverage target. (who.int)
So, of the 11 types of vaccines approved for pediatric use (and given in 36 doses because many are given multiple times), Oregon says you need to prove your child received 6 of them to enter kindergarten, or just over half of the vaccines recommended by CDC. (ageofautism.com)
The rotavirus vaccine is given in two or three doses at two, four and six months. (tenethealth.com)
Children receive four doses of this vaccine at two, four and six months, and then between 12 to 15 months. (tenethealth.com)
Two doses of Hepatitis A vaccine (HepA) are recommended, with the first some time between 12 and 23 months old. (tenethealth.com)
Three doses of rotavirus vaccine were administered, commencing at the age of ten weeks, concurrently with oral or killed poliomyelitis vaccine. (gla.ac.uk)

Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are a frequent cause of diarrhea in children. (cdc.gov)
In 2009, when vaccine coverage achieved 85.9%, reduction in hospitalization associated with diarrhea (17%) and in related mortality rates (22%) was observed ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
The rotavirus vaccine is a vaccine used to protect against rotavirus infections, which are the leading cause of severe diarrhea among young children. (wikipedia.org)
The vaccines prevent 15-34% of severe diarrhea in the developing world and 37-96% of the risk of death among young children due to severe diarrhea. (wikipedia.org)
In April 2016, the World Health Organization released statistics for the period of 2000-2013, which showed developing countries that have introduced rotavirus vaccines experienced significant decreases in deaths and hospitalizations from rotavirus diarrhea after introduction. (wikipedia.org)
Rotavirus is the most common cause of acute diarrhea in children. (medlineplus.gov)
Children with diarrhea should be given oral rehydration solutions to replace lost fluids and electrolytes. (medlineplus.gov)
Two types of diarrhea can be prevented - rotavirus diarrhea and traveler's diarrhea. (medlineplus.gov)
Both vaccines were found to be effective in preventing rotavirus diarrhea. (medscape.com)
The study concluded that there was substantial heterogeneity in pathogen-specific burdens of diarrhea, with important determinants including age, geography, season, rotavirus vaccine usage, and symptoms. (medscape.com)
Vaccines for rotavirus and cholera have the potential to reduce diarrhea morbidity and mortality burden. (biomedcentral.com)
Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in young children globally accounting for an estimated 527,000 (475 000-580 000) deaths each year, mostly in children under the age of two years [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Collectively these four organisms account for a great number of cases of diarrhea across the world and vaccines targeting the most common strains of all these pathogens are currently being developed, improved and undergoing trials across the globe. (biomedcentral.com)
In follow-up to a May 2013 announcement about the study's early results, the article includes more detailed data from the phase 3 study, which showed that ROTAVAC® significantly reduced severe rotavirus diarrhea by more than half-56 percent during the first year of life, with protection continuing into the second year of life. (path.org)
Clinical manifestations of rotavirus infection are nonspecific and range from asymptomatic to severe with fever, vomiting and dehydrating diarrhea. (vaccinesafety.edu)
RV also significantly reduced physician visits related to diarrhea and hospitalization related to rotavirus 1 . (vaccinesafety.edu)
Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea among children. (online-family-doctor.com)
Rotavirus is the most common diagnosis for young children with acute diarrhea, but other causes may include bacteria (Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter are most common), parasites (Giardia and Cryptosporidium are most common), localized infection elsewhere, antibiotic-associated adverse effects (such as those related to treatment for Clostridium difficile), and food poisoning. (online-family-doctor.com)
Rotavirus can cause watery diarrhea, vomiting and fever. (cbc.ca)
Rotavirus (RV) - This protects your child from a stomach infection that causes life-threatening diarrhea. (webmd.com)
The country is scaling up these new domestically produced vaccines as part of routine childhood immunization against the deadliest form of diarrhea. (defeatdd.org)
Management is generally supportive: In most cases, the best option for treatment of acute-onset diarrhea is the early use of oral rehydration therapy (ORT). (medscape.com)
Oral rehydration salts (ORS) and nutritional improvements probably have a greater impact on mortality rates than the incidence of diarrhea. (lww.com)
Rotavirus is the most common cause of sporadic, severe, dehydrating diarrhea in young children worldwide (peak incidence, 3 to 15 months). (msdmanuals.com)

The inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is administered at two and four months of age, and then between six to 18 months and four to six years. (tenethealth.com)

The most common adverse effects of the human papillomavirus vaccine are transient and similar to those of other vaccines, including mild pain and bruising at the injection site, headache, lightheadedness, and syncope. (aafp.org)

The measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine is not associated with autism. (aafp.org)
The measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine does not increase the risk of autism and should be routinely used. (aafp.org)
The MMR vaccine protects against measles, mumps and rubella. (tenethealth.com)

Your child should not receive this vaccine if he or she has ever had a life-threatening allergic reaction to a rotavirus oral vaccine, if the child has ever had intussusception (a blockage of the intestines), or if the child has severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID). (everydayhealth.com)
Rotavirus oral vaccine may cause intussusception, a blockage of the intestines. (everydayhealth.com)
Post-licensure studies in the United States have shown RV5 to be associated with approximately 1.1 excess cases of intussusception per 100,000 vaccine recipients in the 7 days after the first dose, and 1.5 excess cases per 100,000 recipients in the 21 days after the first dose. (vaccinesafety.edu)
The rotavirus vaccine minimally increases the rate of intussusception, whereas other vaccines minimally increase the risk of syncope. (aafp.org)
In 1998 an RV vaccine consisting of a Rhesus-human reassortant (Rotashield™, Wyeth) was licensed in the U.S., but was withdrawn in 1999 after only a few months of usage following reports in post-marketing surveillance of intussusception among vaccine recipients. (canada.ca)
The shadow cast by these safety concerns is highlighted, although the new RV vaccine has undergone extensive safety testing in approximately 35,000 recipients to estimate the risk of intussusception in vaccinees. (canada.ca)

The incidence and severity of rotavirus infections has declined significantly in countries that have acted on the recommendation to introduce the rotavirus vaccine. (wikipedia.org)
Based on the evidence, we propose a 74% mortality reduction in rotavirus specific mortality, 52% reduction in cholera incidence due to their respective vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)
Live oral rotavirus vaccines have been used to reduce its incidence in many countries. (news-medical.net)
3 The fourth dose of the diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine is associated with an increased incidence of fever and injection site reactions compared with the first dose (one in four children). (aafp.org)
The subunit vaccines segment is estimated to have the fastest CAGR during the forecast period, owing to the increasing incidence of infectious diseases, the rising demand for safe & effective vaccines, and the growing focus on preventive healthcare. (grandviewresearch.com)
The major share of this segment is attributed to rising incidence of pneumococcal diseases like pneumonia, meningitis, febrile bacteraemia, otitis media, and sinusitis, development of quality vaccines such as PPSV23, and initiatives by government organizations and private sectors to prevent and control outbreak of pneumococcal diseases. (globenewswire.com)
The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of oral cavity and pharynx (OCP) cancer among service members in the active component military (i.e. (health.mil)

Immunosuppressives may diminish therapeutic effects of vaccines and increase risk of adverse effects (increased risk of infection). (medscape.com)
This vaccine will not treat an active infection that has already developed in the body. (everydayhealth.com)
In the case of a more severe illness with a fever or any type of infection, wait until the child gets better before receiving this vaccine. (everydayhealth.com)
The Salmonella typhi vaccine is recommended for travelers to countries with a high risk of this infection, persons with intimate exposure to a documented typhoid fever carrier, and workers with frequent exposure to this bacteria. (medscape.com)
In group A rotaviruses, the segment 7 of the genome encodes NSP3, which is a translation enhancer of viral positive-sense RNAs, expressed moderately in cells following infection. (news-medical.net)
That is, people get sick with rotavirus infection after putting something in their mouth that has been contaminated with fecal material containing the virus. (cdc.gov)
Rotaviruses can be zoonotic, that is, become an infection that is passed from animals to humans. (cdc.gov)
We need to find out just how common rotavirus infection is in bats, and if similar natural reassortment strains exist in bats in other regions of the world. (cdc.gov)
However, if rotavirus infection is not treated, it can be fatal. (vaccinesafety.edu)
Small numbers of the rotavirus can lead to infection if a baby puts fingers or other objects contaminated with the virus into the mouth. (online-family-doctor.com)
Atoltivimab, maftivimab, and odesivimab-ebgn may lower your body's resistance and there is a chance you might get the infection the vaccine is meant to prevent. (drugs.com)
Vaccines (eg, rotavirus) can help increase resistance to infection. (medscape.com)
Also, not all clinics offer some of the optional vaccines, such as vaccines against meningococcal infection or Japanese encephalitis. (mountelizabeth.com.sg)
There are now vaccines for hepatitis A and B, which can prevent infection with these two strains of virus. (coursehero.com)
The Hib vaccine helps prevent Haemophilus influenza type B, which can lead to meningitis, pneumonia and a severe throat infection. (tenethealth.com)
This thesis reports the results of these studies and places them in the context of current knowledge concerning the epidemiology and immunology of rotavirus infection. (gla.ac.uk)
Rotavirus diarrhoea was more severe than diarrhoea due to all other causes and clinical rotavirus infection was associated with weight loss in the post-infection period. (gla.ac.uk)
A case-control study was conducted on 92 cases and 92 age and vaccine status matched controls to determine social and environmental risk factors for rotavirus infection. (gla.ac.uk)

This vaccine works by exposing your child to a small dose of the virus, which causes the body to develop immunity to the disease. (everydayhealth.com)
Vaccines are biologically prepared products, which provide active acquired immunity to diseases such as cholera, polio, rotavirus, smallpox, yellow fever and others. (medgadget.com)
Advances in our understanding of the determinants of protective immunity and immunological memory, of the mechanisms by which adjuvants affect the quality and magnitude of immunological responses, and of microbial genomics, offer the promise for new and more effective vaccines in the near future. (nature.com)
Oral polio vaccines stimulate mucosal immunity and thus is more effective in transmission of virus. (health-newswire.net)

In Nicaragua, which in 2006 became the first developing country to introduce the rotavirus vaccine, investigators recorded a substantial impact, with rotavirus vaccine preventing 60% of cases against severe rotavirus and cutting emergency room visits in half. (wikipedia.org)

The rotavirus oral vaccine is used to help prevent this disease in children. (everydayhealth.com)
Like any vaccine, the rotavirus oral vaccine may not provide protection from disease in every person. (everydayhealth.com)
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that rotavirus vaccine be included in national routine vaccinations programs, especially in areas where the disease is common. (wikipedia.org)
In Mexico, which in 2006 was among the first countries in the world to introduce rotavirus vaccine, the diarrheal disease death rates from rotavirus dropped by more than 65% among children age two and under during the 2009 rotavirus season. (wikipedia.org)
Previous research has shown that vaccines protect children against the disease but that they work less well in low-income settings. (sciencedaily.com)
Instead, the researchers view these results as a starting point with great potential for altering the microbiome to improve vaccine performance and ultimately better protect children in low-income settings from rotavirus, which continues to be a life-threatening disease. (sciencedaily.com)
Rotavirus is a common diarrheal disease that affects young children. (news-medical.net)
However, with the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and amid focus on vaccines as the only definitive method of durable control, a new study describes the possibility of producing a combined vaccine against both infections. (news-medical.net)
The rotavirus strain that forms the basis of ROTAVAC® is unusual and rarely causes clinical disease in India or elsewhere. (path.org)
When your child is given a vaccine, their body responds by making antibodies, in the same way as if they had caught the disease but without getting sick. (hse.ie)
In the case of a live virus vaccine, a causal relationship between vaccine and disease may often be inferred if the virus is recovered from a normally sterile body site (for example, blood or cerebral spinal fluid). (immunizationinfo.org)
and epidemiology cannot prove the negative-that means it cannot prove that a vaccine does not cause a disease. (immunizationinfo.org)
It's an an injectable or oral medicine that protects you against a serious or deadly disease. (webmd.com)
So if you're exposed to the disease right before or right after getting the vaccine for it, you could still get sick. (webmd.com)
Meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) - This protects against four types of meningococcal bacteria that causes meningitis, a disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. (webmd.com)
Meningococcal b vaccine -- The MenB shot protects against a fifth type of meningococcal bacterium (called type B). It is fairly new and is recommended for 16 years and older who are at increased risk for meningococcal disease. (webmd.com)
A vaccine comprise an agent resembling to the disease causing microorganism. (medgadget.com)
The vaccines are generally developed from live attenuated or killed forms of the disease causing microorganism, its toxins, or its surface proteins. (medgadget.com)
2005) to generate evidence of the disease burden of vaccine-preventable diseases targeted by new vaccines. (who.int)
Vaccines are biological agents that elicit an immune response against a specific antigen derived from disease-causing pathogen. (globenewswire.com)
The induced immune response against disease-causing organism through vaccine configures the body's immune cells in such a way so that they become capable of quickly recognizing and reacting to the same antigen in a more powerful manner when encountered again. (globenewswire.com)
On the basis of indication, pneumococcal disease segment commanded the largest share of the overall vaccines market in 2019. (globenewswire.com)
Vaccines are necessary until a disease is eliminated worldwide. (tenethealth.com)
Foals from vaccinated mares are spared the growth rate check caused by rotavirus disease. (theanimalpharmacy.com.au)
The implications of the above findings for further research into rotavirus and diarrhoeal disease in general are also considered. (gla.ac.uk)
Before a vaccine was available, Hib disease was the most common cause of meningitis in children under the age of five, and often led to pneumonia, skin infections, hearing loss, permanent brain injury or death. (texas.gov)
Vaccines are one of the most effective tools to protect the public's health and prevent disease. (cdc.gov)
This improves CDC's understanding of why vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks occur, $259,755 risk factors for disease, and our ability to respond to outbreaks when they happen. (cdc.gov)

For instance, in February 2019, according to the journal of the American Chemical Society (ACS), Nano Letters, researchers have developed the oral vaccines coupled with micromotors. (medgadget.com)
For instance, in February 2019, Bharat Biotech acquired Chiron Behring vaccines, a manufacturer of rabies vaccine and subsidiary of GlaxoSmithKline. (medgadget.com)
The global vaccines market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.2% from 2019 to 2027 to reach $62.2 billion by 2027. (globenewswire.com)
On the basis of route of administration, intramuscular vaccines accounted for the largest share of the overall vaccines market in 2019. (globenewswire.com)

The rotavirus A parent strains of the reassortants were isolated from human and bovine hosts. (wikipedia.org)
Both vaccines provide protection against the majority, but not all strains of rotavirus circulating in the United States. (vaccinesafety.edu)
The vaccines showed superior results against influenza A strains but fell short against certain influenza B strains. (grandviewresearch.com)

Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap ) - This is a follow-up shot to the DTaP vaccine kids get when they're younger. (webmd.com)
or tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine. (aafp.org)
At one time, the DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) vaccine sold for 10 cents per dose, and the drug manufacturers were dropping out of the market because of low profits and liability problems. (jpands.org)
The diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine, which is three vaccines in one, is given as a series of five shots at two, four and six months, and then usually between 15 and 18 months, as well as between four to six years. (tenethealth.com)

The Report Titled on " Vaccine Market Report- Development Trends, key Industry trends, Size, sales volume, Share, Industry Analysis & Opportunity Assessment in 2021 " firstly introduced the Vaccine Industry.This market report makes available the company profile, product specifications, capacity, production value, and market shares for each company for the forecast period. (pharmiweb.com)
Global Vaccine Market will rise from Covid-19 crisis at moderate growth rate during 2021 to 2028. (pharmiweb.com)

For example, varicella vaccine should be discarded if not used within 30 minutes after reconstitution, whereas MMR vaccine, once reconstituted, must be kept in a dark place at 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C) and should be discarded within 8 hours if not used. (cdc.gov)
The varicella vaccine is given to protect children against chickenpox. (tenethealth.com)

The success of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines has given impetus to the development of mRNA platforms for the prevention of various infectious diseases such as flu and RSV. (grandviewresearch.com)
Hence, due to vaccine's high potential in prevention of diseases, development of new vaccines is growing exponentially with incessant launch of new vaccines and many candidates in pipeline. (globenewswire.com)
Between June 1984 and June 1986 a variety of studies on rotavirus diarrhoea and its prevention were conducted in Bakau, a peri-urban Gambian community. (gla.ac.uk)
200,000 also provides an infrastructure for further public health vaccine research, including post-licensure vaccine efficacy evaluations and analyses of the effectiveness of prevention policies. (cdc.gov)

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) - The vaccine protects against a bacteria that causes dangerous brain, lung, and windpipe infections. (webmd.com)
All countries had introduced hepatitis B vaccine and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine as of December 2015. (who.int)
An example is the development of polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type b. (nature.com)

A booster vaccine called Td is given to prevent tetanus and diphtheria at age 11 or older and then every 10 years throughout life. (tenethealth.com)

Mathew Esona] Like many gastro-enteric infections, it follows a fecal-oral route. (cdc.gov)
Rotavirus is transmitted through the fecal-oral route and replicates in the epithelium of the small intestine. (vaccinesafety.edu)
most infections occur by the fecal-oral route. (msdmanuals.com)

The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) protects against a type of bacteria that can cause ear infections. (tenethealth.com)

The Reportable Events Table (RET) reflects what is reportable by law ( 42 USC 300aa-25 ) to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System ( VAERS ) including conditions found in the manufacturers package insert. (cdc.gov)
The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System and National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program track adverse events and allow compensation for documented harms from vaccinations. (aafp.org)

Four reassortant rotaviruses express one of the outer capsid, VP7, proteins (serotypes G1, G2, G3, or G4) from the human rotavirus parent strain and the attachment protein VP4 (type P7) from the bovine rotavirus parent strain. (wikipedia.org)
The fifth reassortant virus expresses the attachment protein VP4, (type P1A), from the human rotavirus parent strain and the outer capsid protein VP7 (serotype G6) from the bovine rotavirus parent strain. (wikipedia.org)
A randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial of the bovine rotavirus vaccine KIT 4237 was undertaken in young Gambian children. (gla.ac.uk)

A vaccine helps your immune system build the tools, called antibodies, it needs to fight viruses and bacteria that cause illnesses. (webmd.com)
Background: Neutralizing antibodies in breast milk may adversely influence the immune response to live oral vaccines. (uib.no)
Interference from transplacental and breast milk antibodies may impede the performance of oral livevaccines. (uib.no)
Vaccines work by taking weakened or killed versions of bacteria or viruses and then stimulating the immune system to create antibodies that will fight possible exposure in the future. (tenethealth.com)
Foals of the vaccinated mares show an increase in antibodies against Equine Rotavirus for approximately sixty days. (theanimalpharmacy.com.au)

Additionally, the vaccines may also prevent illness in non-vaccinated children by limiting exposure through the number of circulating infections. (wikipedia.org)
About half a million children under the age of five die every year from rotavirus infections. (cdc.gov)
Rising incidences of infections such as cholera, tuberculosis, and others are expected to propel growth of the oral vaccine market over the forecast period. (medgadget.com)

The following are the most common symptoms of rotavirus. (online-family-doctor.com)
In adults the symptoms of rotavirus gastroenteritis are usually mild. (msdmanuals.com)

The global vaccine market size was estimated at USD 124.2 billion in 2022 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1.4% from 2023 to 2030. (grandviewresearch.com)
Excluding the impact of COVID-19, the vaccine market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 8.6% from 2023 to 2030. (grandviewresearch.com)
In the U.S., the COVID vaccine market is anticipated to go commercial by the second half of 2023 as the stock purchased by the federal government will be exhausted. (grandviewresearch.com)
For instance, in March 2023, Moderna announced that its COVID vaccine market price will increase to around USD 110 to USD 130 per dose. (grandviewresearch.com)
Rotavirus in the U.S. Accessed April 27, 2023. (msdmanuals.com)

and Flucelvax, the first cell-culture derived influenza vaccine approved in the U.S., designed to protect adults 18 years and older against seasonal flu. (genengnews.com)
Thimerosal is currently used only in multidose vials of influenza vaccine, and exposure through vaccines is not associated with adverse neurologic outcomes. (aafp.org)
Vaccines that are optional but encouraged are the Rotavirus vaccine and influenza vaccine. (mountelizabeth.com.sg)
The influenza vaccine is an injection that is recommended for babies older than 6 months old, children and adults. (mountelizabeth.com.sg)

This helps to protect them against the 'stomach flu-causing' Rotavirus which causes bad diarrhoea, fever and vomiting in their early years as they grow up. (mountelizabeth.com.sg)
Short, well-demarcated epidemics of rotavirus diarrhoea were observed in this study during two consecutive cool dry seasons in The Gambia. (gla.ac.uk)
5 years of age, rotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis worldwide, accounting for 37% of deaths from diarrhoea among children in this age group. (who.int)

Do not administer live vaccines 30 days before or concurrently with belimumab. (medscape.com)
certolizumab pegol decreases effects of rotavirus oral vaccine, live by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
Do not give live vaccines concurrently with certolizumab. (medscape.com)
Live-attenuated vaccines should be avoided for at least 3 mo after cessation of immunosuppressive therapy. (medscape.com)
We found that the weakened live virus in the vaccine replicates at a higher level in antibiotic-treated recipients," says co- first author Vanessa Harris, of the Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development and the Division of Infectious Diseases and Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine at the Amsterdam Medical Center, the Netherlands. (sciencedaily.com)
Live-attenuated, killed whole-cell, and capsular polysaccharide vaccines are available. (medscape.com)
For non-live vaccines, manufacturers typically recommend use within the same day that a vaccine is withdrawn or reconstituted. (cdc.gov)
For live vaccines that require reconstitution, manufacturers typically recommend the vaccine be used as soon as possible after reconstitution and be discarded if not used within 30 minutes after reconstitution. (cdc.gov)
This has allowed live-cell imaging, thus advancing knowledge of rotavirus behavior in an infected cell. (news-medical.net)
Rotavirus vaccines (RV) are live attenuated oral vaccines containing no preservatives. (vaccinesafety.edu)
However, there is concern that individuals with HIV-associated immunodeficiency may not be able to mount and maintain an appropriate immune response to vaccines and may be harmed by live virus vaccines. (hivguidelines.org)
For patients with HIV and CD4 counts ≥200 cells/mm 3 , inactivated forms of vaccines such as those for polio, influenza, typhoid, and zoster are preferred over the live vaccine options. (hivguidelines.org)
In addition, you should not be around other persons living in your household who receive live virus vaccines because there is a chance they could pass the virus on to you. (drugs.com)
Based on product type, the global oral vaccines market has been classified as live attenuated vaccines, killed/inactivated vaccines, recombinant vaccines and others (ribosomal fractions, antigenic preparations). (health-newswire.net)
On the basis of technology, the vaccine market is segmented into conjugate vaccines, inactivated and subunit vaccines live attenuated vaccines and others. (pharmiweb.com)

With the development of oral vaccines global efforts to control contagious diseases, such as cholera and flu, are entering a new level as they offer an opportunity to prevent outbreak among population living in vulnerable areas. (health-newswire.net)
In addition to this, patient adherence to needle-free vaccine regime, preference to oral vaccines by children and geriatric population, cost effective nature, recent FDA approvals to oral vaccines for diseases such as cholera etc. are some of the factors expected to fuel the growth of global oral vaccines market. (health-newswire.net)

The estimated effect of cholera, shigella, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and rotavirus vaccines was determined by applying the standard Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group (CHERG) rules. (biomedcentral.com)
Older generation injectable cholera vaccines have been abandoned since the 1970s owing to their limited efficacy and local side effects. (biomedcentral.com)
Oral Cholera Vaccines (OCV) are good candidates for the control of cholera particularly in endemic areas. (biomedcentral.com)

The growing need for more effective vaccines against diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and allergies is also driving the demand for subunit vaccines. (grandviewresearch.com)

It appoints members of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) , which then makes a schedule of vaccine recommendations and publishes it in the CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report . (jpands.org)
One of the current ACIP recommendations is that all newborn babies be given the hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours of birth. (jpands.org)
Last year, the ACIP recommended the rotavirus vaccine. (jpands.org)
The ACIP made the recommendation without even knowing the price of the vaccine (i.e., what the drug manufacturer was going to charge), so it is obvious that a cost/benefit analysis of the vaccine was not done. (jpands.org)
For a vaccine maker, landing one of your own people on the ACIP is pay dirt. (ageofautism.com)

Smallpox vaccine is accessed by dipping a bifurcated needle directly into the vaccine vial. (cdc.gov)
The use of vaccines to prevent and eradicate diseases like smallpox and poliomyelitis is one of the great successes of modern medicine. (jpands.org)
The subsequent eradication of smallpox and the remarkable effects of other vaccines are among the most important contributions of biomedical science to human health. (nature.com)
In the ensuing years, vaccines for more than 20 infectious diseases have been developed, and in 1977, Jenner's original experiment was brought to full fruition when smallpox was eradicated worldwide 6 . (nature.com)
Development of vaccine has led to eradication of various infectious diseases such as smallpox and polio, which are now completely eliminated from many countries, including countries located within North & Latin America and Europe. (globenewswire.com)

Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is the universally recommended form of treatment, proven to be successful even in children who vomit or have mild-to-moderate dehydration. (medscape.com)
Oral Rehydration Oral fluid therapy is effective, safe, convenient, and inexpensive compared with IV therapy. (msdmanuals.com)
An antiemetic (eg, ondansetron ) may be given if vomiting makes oral rehydration difficult. (msdmanuals.com)

Most vaccine-preventable illnesses are unfamiliar to modern parents. (aafp.org)
With the success of vaccinations, many parents no longer have contact with children who have vaccine-preventable illnesses. (aafp.org)
and (iv) to attain and maintain elimination/control of other vaccine-preventable diseases. (who.int)
However, in developed countries, the public's fear of vaccine-preventable diseases has waned, and awareness of potential adverse effects has increased, which is threatening vaccine acceptance. (nature.com)
Also, in 2018, Indian government launched comprehensive multi-year plan (2018-22) to reduce mortality and morbidity due to vaccine preventable diseases. (globenewswire.com)
Support also maintains public health preparedness for response to a vaccine-preventable national emergency, such as a pandemic or biologic attack. (cdc.gov)
The EIP network gathers laboratory and population-based information for many vaccine-preventable, invasive bacterial and respiratory diseases, as well as diseases for which vaccines are in development. (cdc.gov)

For up to 15 days after receiving rotavirus vaccine , the child should avoid coming into contact with anyone who has a weak immune system. (everydayhealth.com)
Perhaps certain bacteria help the rotavirus replicate or antibiotics alter bacteria and thereby trigger immune responses that are favorable or unfavorable for a virus. (sciencedaily.com)
Rotavirus vaccine can be administered together with other EPI vaccines with no interference with the immune response. (who.int)
For a person with a healthy immune system, rotavirus gastroenteritis is a self-limited illness, lasting only days. (online-family-doctor.com)
The age when a vaccine works best in the immune system. (webmd.com)
Vaccine is a biologics that used to boost up person's immune system and provide immunization against chronic diseases. (pharmiweb.com)
In addition, naturally circulating enteroviruses may have interfered with the immune response to the rotavirus vaccine. (gla.ac.uk)

Routine wellness visits that include vaccines are another important way to protect your child's health. (webmd.com)
Routine use of these vaccines has nearly eliminated meningitis and other diseases caused by H. influenzae type b 6 . (nature.com)

Parenteral administration is highly preferred for administering vaccines and hence the segment dominated the vaccine market with a share of 97.09% in 2022. (grandviewresearch.com)
Parenteral administration provides faster absorption, is more effective, and reduces the risk of contamination and vaccine degradation. (grandviewresearch.com)
In past few years, there has been tremendous increase in the demand for needle-free vaccines due to obvious choice to more comfortable oral delivery over parenteral administration. (health-newswire.net)
On the basis of route of administration, vaccine market is segmented into oral and parenteral. (pharmiweb.com)

But there is no substantial evidence of efficacy for ETEC and shigella vaccines, although several promising vaccine concepts are moving from the development and testing pipeline towards efficacy and Phase 3 trials. (biomedcentral.com)
The medical journal The Lancet today published results from a phase 3 efficacy trial of ROTAVAC® , a new rotavirus vaccine developed in India. (path.org)
The vaccine's efficacy compares favorably with the efficacy of the currently licensed rotavirus vaccines in low-resource countries. (path.org)
Manufacturer(s) have sought approval of the vaccine(s) and provided evidence as to its safety and efficacy only when it is used in accordance with the product monographs. (canada.ca)
Vaccines undergo extensive testing prior to approval to assess immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety. (cdc.gov)
Currently, several oral vaccine products are being evaluated in clinical trials, but they require more extensive human studies to establish the efficacy. (health-newswire.net)

The rotavirus vaccine is administered orally at the ages of two, four and six months. (cbc.ca)
ROTAVAC is an orally administered rotavirus vaccine. (defeatdd.org)

Other solid performers in vaccines include GlaxoSmithKline, which placed five vaccines on the list, and Pfizer, whose vaccine Prevnar 13 topped the list with nearly $4 billion in sales last year. (genengnews.com)

Compared to pre-licensure studies, higher percentages of both specialties reported a great deal of confidence in post-licensure vaccine safety studies in both years, and more physicians from both specialties reported a great deal of confidence in 2010/11 than in 2007. (cdc.gov)
Conclusion-- While most family physicians and pediatricians report confidence in post- licensure vaccine safety studies, one third of family physicians report little or no confidence in Author Manuscript pre-licensure studies. (cdc.gov)

However, compromised immunogenicity in children and cost for maintaining a cold chain, inaccessibility in remote areas etc. are some of the factors limiting growth of global oral vaccines market. (health-newswire.net)
Seroconversion at age 22 weeks was used to compare the immunogenicity at the same age after receiving the full vaccine series. (cdc.gov)

Is the hepatitis B vaccine safe? (jpands.org)

The diagnosis is determined by rapid antigen detection of rotavirus in stool specimens. (online-family-doctor.com)
The advantages of these vaccines over traditional vaccines such as their ability to adjust antigen design and even integrate sequences from multiple variants to tackle new mutations in the virus genome are a major factor for the segments' dominance. (grandviewresearch.com)

Anatomy1

Organisms2

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs22

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Information Science1

Named Groups2

Health Care5

Geographicals2

RotaTeq22

Vaccination35

Immunization programs6

Infants11

Centers for Diseas1

Polio vaccine8

Pentavalent3

Rotarix7

Doses17

Diarrhea24

Poliovirus vaccine1

Human papillomavirus1

Measles3

Intussusception6

Incidence7

Infection18

Immunity4

Severe rotavirus1

Disease28

20194

Strains3

Pertussis4

20212

Varicella2

Prevention4

Haemophilus3

Diphtheria1

Fecal-oral3

Conjugate vaccine1

Adverse Event Reporting System2

Bovine rotavirus3

Antibodies5

Infections3

Symptoms of rotavirus2

20235

Influenza vaccine4

Diarrhoea3

Live15

Diseases such as cholera2

Cholera3

Subunit1

ACIP5

Smallpox5

Rehydration3

Preventable7

Immune7

Routine2

Parenteral4

Efficacy6

Orally2

GlaxoSmithKline1

Post-licensure vaccine2

Immunogenicity2

Hepatitis B vacci1

Antigen2