• The nasal glands are the seromucous glands in the respiratory region of the nasal mucous membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The three major types of nasal glands are anterior serous glands, seromucous glands, and Bowman glands. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Bowman glands are serous glands that help the olfactory region with smelling. (wikipedia.org)
  • and the associated olfactory glands. (lookformedical.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB), also known as olfactory neuroblastoma, is a rare, malignant tumor of neuroectodermal origin that arises from the olfactory neuroepithelium. (bvsalud.org)
  • A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. (goldrally118.click)
  • [8] In the uterus , the mucous membrane is called the endometrium , and it swells each month and is then eliminated during menstruation . (goldrally118.click)
  • Ovoid body resting on the CRIBRIFORM PLATE of the ethmoid bone where the OLFACTORY NERVE terminates. (lookformedical.com)
  • The olfactory neuroepithelium is located at the upper area of each nasal chamber adjacent to the cribriform plate, superior nasal septum, and superior-lateral nasal wall. (medscape.com)
  • Like both the Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), COVID-19 may also enter the brain directly through the olfactory tract without the need for ACE2 receptors [8]. (debuglies.com)
  • As other coronaviruses, 6-9 SARS-CoV-2 exploits host proteins to initiate cell-entry, in particular TMPRSS2 and ACE2, two membrane-bound proteins expressed in the upper and lower respiratory tract. (rsc.org)
  • Genetic interaction of mammalian IFT-A paralogs regulates cilia disassembly, ciliary entry of membrane protein, Hedgehog signaling, and embryogenesis. (childrensmercy.org)
  • active transport: the movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration that requires the expenditure of energy (ATP). (studygate.com)
  • Other secretory mechanisms include holocrine (in which the gland cell membrane disintegrates to release its secretion), apocrine (in which the ends of the gland cells pinch off, carrying the secretion), and direct active transport of particular molecules across the gland cell membrane. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)
  • Set of nerve fibers conducting impulses from olfactory receptors to the cerebral cortex. (lookformedical.com)
  • It is a specialized pseudostratified neuroepithelium containing the primary olfactory receptors. (medscape.com)
  • In neonates, this area is a dense neural sheet, but, in children and adults, the respiratory and olfactory tissues interdigitate. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] A 2002 study showed that the prevalence of objective olfactory impairment in adults older than 53 years is 24.5% and grows more prevalent with age, reaching 62.5 % in those aged 80-97 years. (medscape.com)
  • You should also be able to name the important cells of the taste and olfactory epithelia. (medcell.org)
  • olfactory axon bundles (lightly stained, rounded areas) connected to olfactory cells. (edu.au)
  • TC10 regulates breast cancer invasion and metastasis by controlling membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase at invadopodia. (microvolution.com)
  • archaebacteria: ancient bacteria that have a different ribosomal structure, membrane composition, and cell wall composition than modern bacteria. (studygate.com)
  • The nuclear lamina, which coats the inner nuclear cell membrane, represents a major repressive environment in the nucleus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The most common secretory mechanism is merocrine, in which secretion-filled intracellular vesicles release their contents by fusing with the cell membrane. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • The function of the membrane is to stop pathogens and dirt from entering the body and to prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated. (goldrally118.click)
  • Importance: Current olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) staging systems inadequately delineate locally advanced tumors, do not incorporate tumor grade, and poorly estimate survival and recurrence. (bvsalud.org)
  • Figure 4 Nose, Olfactory epithelium - Hyperplasia, Atypical in a male F344/N rat from a chronic study. (nih.gov)
  • A proliferative band of neuronal-like cells is present beneath the basement membrane, and the overlying olfactory epithelium is disorganized. (nih.gov)
  • Atypical hyperplasia of the olfactory epithelium often manifests as proliferation of basal epithelial cells that extends below the basement membrane. (nih.gov)
  • The type of epithelium affected should be included in the diagnosis as a site modifier (i.e., squamous, transitional, respiratory, or olfactory epithelium). (nih.gov)
  • The choice is random, except that each OR gene is available for expression only in a defined region of the olfactory epithelium called a zone. (eneuro.org)
  • Thus, we attempted to investigate the gene expression and protein distribution of CAPN5 in the olfactory epithelium compared with that in the central nervous system (CNS). (biomedcentral.com)
  • By performing reverse-transcriptase PCR and in situ hybridization, we confirmed that CAPN5 mRNA was expressed in the olfactory epithelium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We obtained cDNAs from the olfactory epithelium and the brain and examined the expression profiles of CAPN5 mRNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We confirmed the expression of CAPN5 mRNA in the olfactory epithelium and the brain (Fig. 1 d). (biomedcentral.com)
  • nevertheless, its relationship with olfactory epithelium regeneration remains unclear. (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, we used a severe zinc deficiency mouse model to investigate the effects of zinc deficiency on olfactory epithelium regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
  • Male wild-type C57BL/6 mice were divided into zinc-deficient and control diet groups at the age of 4 weeks, and methimazole was administered at the age of 8 weeks to induce severe olfactory epithelium damage. (bvsalud.org)
  • We evaluated the olfactory epithelium before and 7, 14, and 28 days after methimazole administration by histologically analyzing paraffin sections. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the zinc-deficient group, the regenerated olfactory epithelium thickness was decreased at all time points, and the numbers of Ki-67-positive, GAP43-positive, and olfactory marker protein-positive cells (i.e. proliferating cells, immature olfactory neurons, and mature olfactory neurons, respectively) failed to increase at some time points. (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, zinc deficiency delays olfactory epithelium regeneration after damage in mice. (bvsalud.org)
  • Neurons in the olfactory epithelium with receptors that bind, and thus detect, odorants. (medindex.am)
  • In addition to the olfactory neurons, the epithelium is composed of supporting cells, Bowman glands and ducts unique to the olfactory epithelium, and basal cells that allow for the regeneration of the epithelium, including the olfactory sensory neurons. (medscape.com)
  • Arising also from the anterior neural region, bilateral olfactory placodes (see Fig. 6.6 ) are the precursors of the olfactory epithelium. (clinicalgate.com)
  • For example, the vertebrate olfactory receptor neuron has become an important neurobiologic model system in the area of molecular and cell biology for the study of neuronal plasticity and neuronal development or neurogenesis, including the developmental steps of cell birth and lineage, differentiation, synaptogenesis, growth, migration, maturation, and death. (nih.gov)
  • The olfactory neuroepithelium is unrivaled in its capacity for neuron replacement and regeneration throughout life. (nih.gov)
  • A developmental program of epigenetic repression prepares each mammalian olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) to strongly express one allele from just one of hundreds of odorant receptor (OR) genes, but what completes this process of OR gene choice by driving the expression of this allele is incompletely understood. (eneuro.org)
  • 1000 different subtypes of the olfactory sensory neuron (OSN), each defined by the expression of a single odorant receptor (OR) gene. (eneuro.org)
  • In a process called OR gene choice, each olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) selects one allele of one OR gene for high-level expression ( Rodriguez, 2013 ). (eneuro.org)
  • Each olfactory receptor cell is a primary sensory bipolar neuron. (medscape.com)
  • Each regenerating receptor cell extends its axon (CN I) into the CNS as a first-order olfactory neuron and forms synapses with target mitral and tufted cells in the olfactory bulb. (medscape.com)
  • Nests of proliferative cells (arrows) have extended beneath the basement membrane. (nih.gov)
  • Proliferative GN appears hypercellular without further identification of increased cells or basement membrane thickening. (nih.gov)
  • Membranoproliferative GN is characterized by basement membrane thickening, either uniform or irregular, which can be demonstrated by periodic acid-Schiff or silver stains. (nih.gov)
  • Histologically, the involved skin showed deposition of fine brownish granules in the basement membrane of the eccrine sweat glands, on the inner surface of the blood vessel walls, and along elastic fibers of the superficial dermis in addition to sparse deposits noted throughout the dermis. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
  • The nasal glands are the seromucous glands in the respiratory region of the nasal mucous membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • Generalized argyria results from deposition of silver in the skin, nails, mucous membranes, and internal organs and is characterized by a diffuse bluish-gray discoloration in sun-exposed areas. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
  • Odorants diffuse into the mucous and are transported to the olfactory receptor. (medscape.com)
  • The olfactory neuroepithelium is located at the upper area of each nasal chamber adjacent to the cribriform plate, superior nasal septum, and superior-lateral nasal wall. (medscape.com)
  • It is a specialized pseudostratified neuroepithelium containing the primary olfactory receptors. (medscape.com)
  • However, the direct and indirect effects of these agents on the peripheral and central olfactory system are poorly understood. (nih.gov)
  • Syntabulin is a peripheral membrane-associated protein that targets to mitochondria through its carboxyl-terminal tail. (rupress.org)
  • The peripheral process extends to the mucosal surface to end in an olfactory knob, which has several immobile cilia forming a dense mat at the mucosal surface. (medscape.com)
  • Benefitting from its safety and easy availability, olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem cells (OM-MSCs) are considered a preferable MSC source for clinical application. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESEARCH OBJECTIVES BACKGROUND Certain features of the olfactory system are valuable in the study of some general properties of neural systems and some of these features provide excellent models for studying the effects of environmental agents on sensory systems. (nih.gov)
  • Encoded by human OR1G1 Gene (GPCR1 Family), 313-aa 35-kDa integral membrane protein Olfactory Receptor 1G1 is a putative odorant receptor. (medindex.am)
  • To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)
  • Odorants can also be perceived by entering the nose posteriorly through the nasopharynx to reach the olfactory receptor via retronasal olfaction. (medscape.com)
  • The D 1 and D 2 receptors are notably present in the stratum as well as in the nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • D 5 receptor types are expressed to a reduced extent, localized mainly in olfactory tubercle, hippocampus and hypothalamus. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • The most common secretory mechanism is merocrine, in which secretion-filled intracellular vesicles release their contents by fusing with the cell membrane. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Enhanced K + channel conductance results in an increased hyperpolarizing current, which displaces membrane potential away from the threshold potential. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Closely associated with the olfactory placodes is the preneural tissue that forms the functionally associated olfactory bulbs of the brain. (clinicalgate.com)
  • lowest olfactory stimulus intensity a subject can detect or that can elicit an olfactory response. (medindex.am)
  • This location puts the olfactory system at risk for damage from environmental toxicants and pathogens. (nih.gov)
  • The purpose of this Program Announcement (PA) is to foster investigator-initiated research fundamental to understanding the impact of environmental toxicants and pathogens on the olfactory system. (nih.gov)
  • and the vulnerability of an aged olfactory system to toxic agents. (nih.gov)
  • This PA, Vulnerability of the Olfactory System to the Impact of Environmental Toxicants and Pathogens, is related to the priority area of environmental health. (nih.gov)
  • any agent or influence that activates the olfactory system. (medindex.am)
  • 3] A 2002 study showed that the prevalence of objective olfactory impairment in adults older than 53 years is 24.5% and grows more prevalent with age, reaching 62.5 % in those aged 80-97 years. (medscape.com)