• Treatment options for vitiligo recalcitrant to first-line therapy include, among others, light box therapy with narrowband B (NB-UVB) and psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA). (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • Psoralen plus ultraviolet A uses a psoralen derivative in conjunction with long-wavelength ultraviolet A (UVA) light (sunlight or artificial) for photochemotherapy of skin conditions. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • Bergapten serves to have the skin absorb more light, and pigmentary diseases like vitiligo (leukodermia) and psoriasis have treatments involving furanocoumarins often in conjunction with sun exposure or solar radiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • With psoriasis, bergapten has been valued as an oral photochemotherapy treatment for its efficacy and lack of phototoxic and drug-insensitive reactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • 8-MOP (methoxsalen) is a naturally occurring substance that is reactive to light used in combination with UVA light therapy to treat severe psoriasis . (rxlist.com)
  • Photochemotherapy (methoxsalen with long wave UVA radiation) is indicated for the symptomatic control of severe, recalcitrant, disabling psoriasis not adequately responsive to other forms of therapy and when the diagnosis has been supported by biopsy. (rxlist.com)
  • Methoxsalen with UV radiation should be used only by physicians who have special competence in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis and vitiligo and who have special training and experience in photochemotherapy. (drugs-library.com)
  • For the treatment of patients with psoriasis, photochemotherapy should be restricted to patients with severe, recalcitrant, disabling psoriasis which is not adequately responsive to other forms of therapy, and only when the diagnosis is certain. (drugs-library.com)
  • The most frequently occurring type of psoriasis which accounts for 90% of the disease is psoriasis vulgaris, and the most common symptoms that present with psoriasis are itchiness, redness, and even dryness within the patch region. (the-socioesthetician-international.com)
  • It is stated that for psoriasis with early onset, occurring before the age of 40, individuals with HLA-Cw6 and environmental factors such as strep infections cause the disease state. (the-socioesthetician-international.com)
  • However, psoriasis can occur at any age. (the-socioesthetician-international.com)
  • Lotions, creams, and other topical ointments are often the first treatment for people with mild psoriasis because they may reduce the scaling, itching, and discomfort that can occur. (foodpharmacy.blog)
  • Pregnancy-associated impetigo herpetiformis: Occurring predominately in the third trimester, this is a variant of acute pustular psoriasis that carries an increased risk of subsequent stillbirth or fetal abnormalities. (medscape.com)
  • Palmoplantar psoriasis (PPP) is a common condition which may occur alone or at times may alternate with psoriasis in some patients. (jsstd.org)
  • Oral PUVA is generally given 1.5 hours before exposure to UVA radiation. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • Currently there is also the option of using radiation with UV-B rays instead of UV-A rays, and there is no need to sensitize the skin with psoralens. (tabletsmanual.com)
  • Psoralen and ultraviolet radiation therapy should be under constant supervision of such a physician. (rxlist.com)
  • The combination treatment regimen of psoralen (P) and ultraviolet radiation of 320-400 nm wavelength commonly referred to as UVA is known by the acronym, PUVA. (drugs-library.com)
  • Photochemotherapy is intended to be administered only in conjunction with a schedule of controlled doses of long wave ultraviolet radiation. (drugs-library.com)
  • When taken orally, P. leucotomos provides some degree of protection against the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation,[3,4] thereby helping to minimize the photoaging effects of sunlight, including hyperpigmentation and textural changes. (jcadonline.com)
  • For most individuals, the main source of Units and measurements of UV radiation exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the sun. (who.int)
  • are the main source of deliberate exposure to However, UV radiation detectors for research or artificial UV radiation. (who.int)
  • Solar radiation erythemal exposure of 100 joules per square meter (J.m-2). (who.int)
  • The extrinsic factors include ultraviolet radiation and drugs ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Among the inducers and positive regulators of melanogenesis are L-tyrosine and L-DOPA (pigment precursors), ultraviolet radiation and the melanocortin 1 receptor ( 5 , 9 , 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Psoralens are tricyclic furocoumarins that occur in certain plants and can also be synthesized. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • It belongs to a group of compounds known as psoralens, or furocoumarins. (rxlist.com)
  • The oral psoralen products Oxsoralen-Ultra® (methoxsalen soft gelatin capsules) has been approved by the FDA and is made by Bausch Health, a generic product is also available from various manufacturers. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • Topical psoralen products (Oxsoralen, Valeant Pharmaceuticals) and methoxsalen hard gelatin have been discontinued. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • Methoxsalen is a naturally occurring photoactive substance found in the seeds of the Ammi majus (Umbelliferae) plant and in the roots of Heraclem Candicans . (rxlist.com)
  • Methoxsalen, upon photoactivation, conjugates and forms covalent bonds with DNA which leads to the formation of both monofunctional (addition to a single strand of DNA) and bifunctional adducts (crosslinking of psoralen to both strands of DNA) (Dall' Acqua et at. (drugs-library.com)
  • Topical PUVA therapy refers to the direct application of psoralen to the skin with subsequent exposure to UVA light. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • With topical PUVA, UVA exposure is generally administered within 30 minutes of psoralen application. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • psoralens, and ultraviolet A (PUVA)] is specific for PUVA. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • PUVA for the treatment of vitiligo which is not responsive to other forms of conservative therapy (e.g., topical corticosteroids, coal/tar preparations, and ultraviolet light) meets member benefit certificate primary coverage criteria that there be scientific evidence of effectiveness in improving health outcomes. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • Targeted phototherapy (i.e., broadband (BB)-ultraviolet B (UVB) devices, narrowband (NB)-UVB devices, xenon chloride (XeCl) lasers and lamps) for the treatment of vitiligo does not meet member benefit certificate primary coverage criteria that there be scientific evidence of effectiveness in improving health outcomes. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • Administration of the drug and subsequent exposure to UVA can lead to cell injury. (drugs-library.com)
  • Bergapten is a derivative of psoralen, the parent compound of a family of naturally-occurring organic compounds known as the linear furanocoumarins (so called since they exhibit a linear chemical structure). (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition to preventing many harmful effects associated with sunlight exposure, orally administered Polypodium leucotomos also appears to provide adjunctive benefits in treating vitiligo, melasma, and may have the potential to help with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. (jcadonline.com)
  • Studies claim that the rate of occurs are vastly different based on ethnic backgrounds while latitude differences also affect the rate of occurrence due to the beneficial effect of sunlight on the disease. (the-socioesthetician-international.com)
  • Atypical GA, as its name implies, is unusual in its higher level of severity and uncharacteristic trait of developing after exposure to sunlight . (zwivel.com)
  • The short-term side effects include dizziness, nausea, and the need to protect skin and eyes from ultraviolet exposure after treatment, until the psoralen wears off. (zjzklasershop.com)
  • Starting off with non-drug treatment, there is ultraviolet light therapy. (the-socioesthetician-international.com)
  • It occurs when the skin cells undergo abnormal changes, usually due to exposure to harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun or other sources. (senderrarx.com)
  • Protect your skin from UV rays with sunscreen and protective clothing and a void tanning beds and excessive sun exposure. (senderrarx.com)
  • Original ultraviolet B devices consisted of a Phillips TL-01 fluorescent bulb with a maximum wavelength (lambda max) of 311 nm. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • Depigmentation occurs because melanocytes are no longer able to function properly. (arkansasbluecross.com)
  • Another hypothesis is the melanocytorrhagy theory, which proposes that defective cell adhesion leads to detachment and transepidermal loss of melanocytes with exposure of autoantigens and activation of the immune system leading to melanocyte injury ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Vitiligo is a disease that affects about 1% of the world population and causes progressive depigmentation of the skin, reaching all ethnicities, being, however, clinically more evident when it occurs in people with darker skin. (tabletsmanual.com)
  • If sufficient cell injury occurs in the skin, an inflammatory reaction occurs. (drugs-library.com)
  • Vitiligo occurs in all skin types and in all races. (zjzklasershop.com)
  • Skin discoloration occurs and irritated patches of skin can turn brown, form a crust, ooze, weep, and even bleed. (amaskincare.com)
  • This may be triggered by an animal or insect bite, minor skin lesions, sun exposure, a tuberculin skin test or vaccination. (zwivel.com)
  • Vitiligo can appear at any age, but its peak incidence occurs during the second and third decades of life. (tabletsmanual.com)
  • The sun is the main source of exposure to UV for The clinically observed minimal erythemal most individuals. (who.int)
  • The capsules should be taken 2 hours before UVA exposure with some food or milk. (rxlist.com)
  • Contact with plant parts containing bergapten (and other linear furanocoumarins) followed by exposure to ultraviolet light may lead to phytophotodermatitis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Occurring predominately in patients middle-aged or older, SCPD is associated with underlying malignancies (most commonly multiple myeloma and IgA monoclonal gammopathy) and pyoderma gangrenosum. (medscape.com)
  • At times, GA occurs in patients who also suffer from a similar condition called necrobiosis lipoidica. (zwivel.com)
  • At 15 minutes, the medium concentration exposure is barely different from none at all. (foodpharmacy.blog)
  • Although dandruff and cradle cap are often found in the scalp, seborrhea can also occur on the face - behind the ears, on the eyelids and around the nose. (findatopdoc.com)
  • This document does not contain all possible side effects and others may occur. (rxlist.com)