Occur trematode infections. Medical search. Frequent questions

This makes Schistosoma infection the second most prevalent tropical infectious disease in areas such as sub-Saharan Africa after malaria. (medscape.com)
The flukes that cause most human infections are Schistosoma species (blood fluke), Paragonimus westermani (lung fluke), and Clonorchis sinensis (liver fluke). (medscape.com)
Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma mekongi occur in Asia and Southeast Asia. (msdmanuals.com)
Schistosoma intercalatum occurs in Central and West Africa. (msdmanuals.com)
The aim was to test whether trematode parasites such as Schistosoma spp. (biomedcentral.com)
relationships of schistosoma haematobium, hookworm and malarial infections and metrifonate treatment to growth of kenyan school children. (liverpool.ac.uk)
we evaluated praziquantel for therapy of active schistosoma mansoni infection in 15 rural egyptian males with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. (liverpool.ac.uk)
schistosoma haematobium infection (less than 10 eggs ml-1 urine) was present in three patients. (liverpool.ac.uk)
to obtain a better understanding of the possible influence of swamp rice farming on the patterns of schistosoma mansoni and schistosoma haematobium infections, the populations of two communities in rural liberia were studied. (liverpool.ac.uk)
regression of splenomegaly and hepatomegaly in children treated for schistosoma haematobium infection. (liverpool.ac.uk)
during a study in kenya of the relationships between schistosoma haematobium infection and anemia and growth, evidence was found to suggest that this infection was associated with splenomegaly in children, and that both splenomegaly and hepatomegaly regressed in children treated for urinary schistosomiasis, compared with a placebo group. (liverpool.ac.uk)
subcutaneous vaccination with cord factor (4.50 mg) and muramyl dipeptide (4.56 mg) 6 days before percutaneous exposure to 3000 schistosoma haematobium cercariae/baboon (c.p.b.) failed to protect naive baboons: baboons with a 7-month-old, 5000 c.p.b. s. haematobium primary infection had developed too strong a natural immunity to detect any protection attributable to vaccination. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Schistosomiasis is infection with blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma , which are acquired transcutaneously by swimming or wading in contaminated freshwater. (merckmanuals.com)
We built a spatial CRF to estimate infection risks for Ascaris lumbricoides , Trichuris trichiura , hookworms ( Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus ) and Schistosoma mansoni using data from a national survey of Rwandan schoolchildren. (biomedcentral.com)
Infections with Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum, S. mekongi, and S. intercalatum are associated with intestinal lesions and chronic hepatic fibrosis. (wikitropica.org)
Infection with flukes (trematodes) of the genus SCHISTOSOMA. (lookformedical.com)
Schistosomiasis is an acute and chronic parasitic disease caused by blood flukes (trematode worms) of the genus Schistosoma. (who.int)
Background: Schistosomiasis, previously thought to be a rural problem, is a common parasitic disease caused by flukes (trematodes) of the genus Schistosoma. (bvsalud.org)

Trematode infections such as schistosomiasis have emerged as important tropical infections. (medscape.com)
Schistosomiasis is infection caused by certain flatworms (flukes), called schistosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
Undetected, and therewith untreated, urinary or intestinal schistosomiasis leads to chronic infections and serious morbidities including a wide range of different pathologies, e.g. anaemia, stunted growth, impaired cognition and organ damages, that negatively affect economic activities and therewith maintain poverty [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Schistosomiasis is by far the most important trematode infection. (merckmanuals.com)
Schistosomiasis and infection by soil-transmitted helminths are some of the world's most prevalent neglected tropical diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Acute schistosomiasis syndrome or "Katayama syndrome" a few weeks to months after primary infection (beginning of egg production). (wikitropica.org)
Schistosomiasis or bilharziasis (this terminology should be abandoned) is a disease caused by flatworms (trematodes or flukes). (wikitropica.org)
An analysis conducted in selected sentinel districts showed that infection levels among 2000 individuals sampled have fallen by more than half since the beginning of a schistosomiasis control project launched in 2010, from 20% at baseline to 8%, with less than 4% harbouring severe infections. (who.int)
Transmission occurs when people suffering from schistosomiasis contaminate freshwater sources with their excreta containing parasite eggs which hatch in water. (who.int)
Urogenital schistosomiasis is also considered to be a risk factor for HIV infection, especially in women. (who.int)
More than 207 million people, 85% of whom live in Africa, are infected with schistosomiasis, and an estimated 700 million people are at risk of infection in 76 countries where the disease is considered endemic because agricultural work, domestic chores, and recreational activities expose them to infested water. (bvsalud.org)
The infection manifests itself as a variety of different pathologies, depending on the location of the parasite and its ova in the body.Like other developing countries, schistosomiasis is endemic in certain regions of South Africa. (bvsalud.org)
Over 200 million people are infected with schistosomiasis, with approximately 85% of the burden of disease occurring in Africa [1] , [2] . (cdc.gov)
As the price of praziquantel has recently decreased and drug companies are increasing the quantity of drug donations, the bulk of costs incurred by schistosomiasis control program remain diagnosis and mapping of areas to determine prevalence of infection [6] . (cdc.gov)

Echinostoma revolutum is a trematode parasites, of which the adults can infect birds and mammals, including humans. (wikipedia.org)
A caring God may have designed trematodes, now recognized as parasites, to serve other functions before the Fall of man (Genesis 3). (creationresearch.org)
Trematode Parasites: What Is Their Genesis? (creationresearch.org)
These parasites cannot be classified on the single basis of reproductive isolation, as many animal species are, because trematodes are hermaphroditic and several species often inhabit the same estuary. (creationresearch.org)
We also provide a comprehensive dataset of parasites associated with mammal species that occur in Brazil, the Brazilian Mammal Parasite Occurrence Data (BMPO). (bvsalud.org)
The location of parasites within individual hosts is often treated as a static trait, yet many parasite species can occur in multiple locations or organs within their hosts. (bvsalud.org)
While metacercariae (i.e., cysts) of two parasites (C. americanus and A. marcianae) were relative generalists in habitat selection and often occurred throughout the host, two others (R. ondatrae and Echinostoma spp. (bvsalud.org)
Samples of trematode parasites and snails were confirmed on species level by molecular genetic methods. (biomedcentral.com)
While more than 40 species are recognized as parasites of mammals, only 8 cause significant human infections. (logicalimages.com)
However for complex-life cycle parasites, measurement of mobile host diversity and abundance often occurs on a different spatial scale than sampling for parasites in less-mobile hosts making comparisons between host groups and parasite infections difficult. (confex.com)
The diagnosis of philophthalmiasis was based on epidemiological, clinical, and pathological findings associated with the morphological characteristics of the parasites present in the conjunctival sacs which were similar to the trematode Philophthalmus sp. (pvb.org.br)
Surprisingly, it also occurs amongst some members of a group of parasites known as flatworms or flukes. (biomedcentral.com)
Both fresh water and salt water fish are a potential source of human infection with parasites. (fsai.ie)
Infection in humans is associated with the consumption of fish containing live parasites. (fsai.ie)
What are the human health effects of infection with fish parasites? (fsai.ie)
Infection status for multiple parasites can act as a useful proxy for data-poor individual-level or environmental risk factors while avoiding regression dilution bias. (biomedcentral.com)
Parasite co-infections were common, with 19.57% of children infected with at least two parasites. (biomedcentral.com)
Yet even after capturing demographic and environmental risk factors, the presences or absences of other parasites were strong predictors of individual-level infection risk. (biomedcentral.com)
Symptoms depend upon worm load (number of worms), anatomical location of parasites, duration of infection and host immune system reactions. (wikitropica.org)
This study assessed the utility of nUPDx for the detection of parasitic infections in animals using blood, tissues, and other biological sample types from mammals, birds, and reptiles, known to be infected with helminth, apicomplexan, or pentastomid parasites (confirmed by microscopy or PCR), as well as negative samples. (cdc.gov)
The adults are blood parasites and live in the mesenteric veins where mating occurs. (tamu.edu)
They usually occur in the spring and these parasites are characteristic of over fertile water. (pondboss.com)
These parasites weaken fish and make the fish more susceptible to bacterial or more lethal parasitic infections. (pondboss.com)

Small Echinostoma revolutum-endemic foci or a few cases of human infection were discovered in the People's Republic of China, Indonesia, and Thailand until 1994. (wikipedia.org)
However, no information is available about human Echinostoma revolutum infection after 1994, even in areas where the parasite was previously endemic. (wikipedia.org)
Authors reported echinostomiasis as an endemic trematode infection among schoolchildren in Pursat. (wikipedia.org)
Although the infection is rare in the West, travelers from endemic regions may harbor the infection and introduce it to non-endemic areas. (acsh.org)
A safe and effective drug, namely praziquantel, is currently used for mass drug administration programs in endemic settings as well as for treatment of individual acute infections. (biomedcentral.com)
relationships of s. haematobium, hookworm and malarial infections to growth 6 months after metrifonate treatment were studied in kenyan primary school children in an area where poor growth, s. haematobium and hookworm were common and malaria was endemic. (liverpool.ac.uk)
It often is observed in immigrants from Southeast Asia or from other regions of the world where trematode infections are endemic. (medscape.com)
Transmission of these species does not occur within the United States (including Puerto Rico) and Canada, but the disease may be present in travelers and immigrants from endemic areas. (merckmanuals.com)
Heterobilharzia americana is a trematode parasite endemic to the Gulf Coast region of Texas. (tamu.edu)

If two different species of trematode invade the same mollusc, war ensues and one species of redia can predate the other. (biomedcentral.com)
From these four commercially important shellfish species, a total of two sporozoans, three species of trematode sporocyst, and a copepod were found. (vuw.ac.nz)
A species of trematode blood flukes of the family Schistosomatidae. (lookformedical.com)

the 3 groups did not differ significantly before treatment in age, sex ratio, anthropometry or prevalence of other parasite infections. (liverpool.ac.uk)
In contrast, trematode richness and prevalence decreased in wetlands with larger surface areas but were positively related to bird abundance. (confex.com)
Consistency of trematode infection prevalence in host populations across large spatial and temporal scales. (shoalsmarinelaboratory.org)
The CRF ensemble achieved higher predictive power than single-parasite models by improving estimates of co-infection prevalence at the individual level and classifying schools into World Health Organization treatment categories with greater accuracy. (biomedcentral.com)
Spatial predictions delineated high-risk regions in need of anthelminthic treatment interventions, including areas with higher than expected co-infection prevalence. (biomedcentral.com)
Age-specifc prevalence of Epstein-Barr In immunocompromised persons, solid organ and virus infection among individuals aged 6-19 years in the United States and factors affecting its acquisition. (ehd.org)
Prevalence of infection is higher among females. (medscape.com)
Currently, the Kato-Katz technique, a procedure that requires microscopic examination of stool specimens and is both time and labor intensive, is the most widely used method to identify S. mansoni infection and the primary source of data for calculating infection prevalence [4] , [5] . (cdc.gov)

Depending on the habitat in the infected host, flukes can be classified as blood flukes, liver flukes, lung flukes, or intestinal flukes (see Classification of trematodes according to their habitat). (medscape.com)

Certain Paragonimus species of flukes cause infections of the lungs. (msdmanuals.com)
Paragonimiasis is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by trematodes of the genus Paragonimus (commonly known as lung flukes). (logicalimages.com)
Lungworms should not be confused with lung flukes, such as those of the genus Paragonimus , which are trematodes (phylum Platyhelminthes). (britannica.com)
Paragonimiasis is a foodborne anthropozoonotic disease caused by the trematode Paragonimus species. (blogspot.com)
Trematodes of the Paragonimus genus cause paragonimiasis, a parasitic disease that strikes carnivores, causing a subacute to chronic inflammatory disease of the lung. (medscape.com)
Of the 10 or more Paragonimus species that are human pathogens, only 8 cause significant infections in humans. (medscape.com)
This micrograph depicts an egg from the trematode parasite Paragonimus westermani. (medscape.com)
In Japan, transmission has also occurred following human ingestion of raw pork from wild pigs that contained the juvenile stages of Paragonimus species. (medscape.com)

The most common flatworms or flukes involved in human infection are liver fluke worms belonging to the family Opisthorchiidae and some species of intestinal fluke worms belonging to the Heterophyidae and Echinostomatidae families. (fsai.ie)
Massive infections may result in intestinal obstruction. (fsai.ie)
One such infection is soil-transmitted helminthiasis, which is caused by intestinal worms and affects over 1.5 billion people globally. (gooddecisions.com)
Recently, the introduction of multiplex panels for human gastrointestinal infections has enhanced the identification of common intestinal protozoa in feces along with bacterial and viral pathogens. (cdc.gov)

Trematodes, also called flukes, cause various clinical infections in humans. (medscape.com)
All the flukes that cause infections in humans belong to the group of digenetic trematodes. (medscape.com)
The life cycle of trematodes is completed in 2 different classes of hosts: definitive (ie, humans, domestic animals, wild animals) and intermediate (ie, freshwater snails). (medscape.com)
in Thailand Physa occidentalis Radix auricularia In Pursat Province, Cambodia, children eating undercooked snails or clams were identified as a possible source of infection in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Signs of infection in humans due to this type of fluke can result to weakness and emaciation. (wikipedia.org)
The life cycle of the trematodes can be completed in two different classes of hosts: definitive (humans, domestic, and wild animals) and intermediate (i.e. freshwater fish or snails). (acsh.org)
Zoonotic infections are defined as infections that are transmitted from nonhuman vertebrates to humans. (scienceopen.com)
for example, Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections have been most commonly transmitted to humans via the ingestion of undercooked ground beef. (scienceopen.com)
1 As many zoonotic agents are uncommon in humans and, for a number, have been established as causes of laboratory-acquired infections, good communication with the clinical microbiology laboratory is essential. (scienceopen.com)
However, DNA analyses have shown N risticii is most closely related to N helminthoeca , the agent of salmon poisoning in dogs, and Ehrlichia sennetsu , which causes a rare infection in humans in Japan. (merckvetmanual.com)
The rat lungworm ( A. cantonensis ) normally occurs as a parasite in rats in Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands , but in humans it causes rat lungworm disease, which is characterized by eosinophilic meningitis, an elevation of the white blood cells known as eosinophils in the central nervous system . (britannica.com)
They are able to multiply in humans, which contributes to their survival and also permits serious infections to develop from just a single organism. (cdc.gov)
Humans are the main reservoir of infection. (merckmanuals.com)
Ivermectol is a medication that has been used for decades to treat parasitic infections in both humans and animals. (gooddecisions.com)
Cercariae penetrate the skin of humans or, in the case of S. japonicum, humans and other mammalian hosts that act as reservoirs for infection. (wikitropica.org)
Human infections have been reported in 39 countries, with 9 species identified that cause infections in humans. (blogspot.com)
The infection in humans, an accidental host, occurs as a result of the ingestion of raw freshwater crabs, crayfish, and other crustaceans infected with the metacercariae. (blogspot.com)
Leprosy is a bacterial infection transmitted through cough or fluid contact whilst LF is caused by filarial parasitic worms ( Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Brugia timori ) living in the lymphatic system of humans and is transmitted by mosquitoes of the Culex and Aedes genus. (biomedcentral.com)
infected, resulting in damage to organism, which highlighted the Fish-borne zoonotic parasitic diseases include cestodes, zoonotic importance of this genus that belongs to Anisakidae trematodes and nematodes that infect humans by means of family (Vidal-Martinez et al. (bvsalud.org)

A genus of trematode flukes belonging to the family Schistosomatidae. (lookformedical.com)
A genus of trematode liver flukes of the family Fasciolidae. (nih.gov)

Typical pentastomid lesions seen on fish grossly resemble infections by digenean trematodes or flukes (see UF/IFAS Fact Sheet FA-28, Monogenean Trematodes). (ufl.edu)
Digenean trematodes and pentastomids have different life cycles and different control methods.Therefore, proper identification is important. (ufl.edu)
These digenean trematodes have a complex life-cycle and usually use molluscs as first intermediate hosts. (biomedcentral.com)

Infection of Echinostoma revolutum usually results from ingestion of raw snails or frogs that serve as an intermediate host. (wikipedia.org)
We screened the snails by using a digestion technique with a 0.5% pepsin/0.1% HCl solution and found that the snails were heavily infected with metacercariae, which are the encysted infective stage of the trematode. (cdc.gov)
As shown previously (Lumsden and Armitage, 1999), digenetic, heterophyid trematode parasitic worms of the genus Ascocotyle infect certain amnicolid snails as first intermediate hosts (such as Littoradinops ). (creationresearch.org)
N risticii has been identified in freshwater snails and isolated from trematodes released from the snails. (merckvetmanual.com)
We aimed to (1) describe the seasonal pattern of bird use of small freshwater systems, and (2) determine the relationship between trematode infections in freshwater snails and bird abundance and diversity. (confex.com)
To determine the relationship between trematode infections in snails and bird abundance and diversity, we subset the 10 month daily time series to match both the temporal resolution of trematode sampling and three additional sites monitored with trail cameras from June - August, 2010. (confex.com)
We suggest that this pattern may be related to sites with more birds contributing more infectious material, but for this particular set of wetlands, larger sites may have had reduced size and quality of littoral zones, which may reduce transmission of trematodes to freshwater snails. (confex.com)
In contrast, Bin Dajem (2009) in his study revealed none trematode immature stages in different snails under study.The lack of comprehensive studies on these snails, especially in relation to rate of infection, in the Mazandaran Province, was the major factor for the decision to conduct the present study. (scialert.net)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurance of trematodea infections in Lymnollect and recognize of lymnaeid snails using the crushing and emerging methods. (scialert.net)

The approach to the patient with a potential zoonotic infection involves the generation of a differential diagnosis that includes those infectious agents that are potentially transmissible from the specific animal(s) to which the patient was exposed. (scienceopen.com)
The lack of an effective veterinary or human public health infrastructure in a given country may result in a lack of knowledge of those zoonotic infections transmitted from even commonly encountered animals. (scienceopen.com)
Zoonotic trematode (brachylaimiasis) and cestode (rodentoleposis) infections have been reported from semi-arid environments. (cgrb.org)
within the Region it has become more common in the southern Sudan where anthro- ponotic and zoonotic sub-species infections overlap. (who.int)

This study discusses the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological characteristics of two outbreaks of ocular infection in ostriches (Struthio camelus) caused by the trematode Philophthalmus sp. (pvb.org.br)
The outbreaks occurred in the states of Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte in Northeast Brazil. (pvb.org.br)
This study describes the epidemiological and clinical-pathological aspects of outbreaks of avian pox diagnosed in poultry associated with fungal co-infections. (pvb.org.br)
These outbreaks by echinostome trematodes are previously unrecognized and potentially debilitating to urban wildlife. (yale.edu)
Outbreaks can occur from fall to spring. (pondboss.com)
Several disease agents have occurred in outbreaks or epizootics in blue crabs from Maryland and Virginia ( Table 1 ). (vims.edu)
In general, the outbreaks are localized to specific bays or regions, but widespread epizootics are known to occur, especially along the seaside locations of the Eastern Shore. (vims.edu)

The neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are the world's most common infections of people living in poverty [1] . (plos.org)
Schistosome infections are listed among the 20 neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) targeted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for elimination by 2030 [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite the remarkable success of ivermectol in treating neglected tropical diseases , there are still many parasitic infections that continue to afflict millions of people worldwide. (gooddecisions.com)

Digenic trematodes are unsegmented, leaf-shaped worms that are flattened dorsoventrally. (medscape.com)
The hermaphroditic, adult trematode worms mature in the intestines of definitive hosts, most often piscivorous birds, but also certain mammals such as the raccoon. (creationresearch.org)
In a few cases, mouth larvae infestations can occur concurrently with other parasitic worms, which include nematodes or trematodes. (urbansplatter.com)
In clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis [ two conditions associated with fish trematodes ], the adult worms lodge in the smaller bile ducts of the liver, causing inflammation and fibrosis of the adjacent tissues. (fsai.ie)

roundworms (nematodes), flatworms or flukes (trematodes), and tapeworms (cestodes). (fsai.ie)

Anisakidae (nematodes) infection by Eustrongylides sp. (bvsalud.org)

The infection of enterocytes of the small and large intestine results in acute colitis, which is one of the principal clinical signs of PHF. (merckvetmanual.com)
Death may occur during the acute phase of infection. (medscape.com)
For those who survive the acute phase, spontaneous recovery usually occurs within 1-2 months, but symptoms may recur intermittently over several years. (medscape.com)
At times, tourists present with severe acute infection and unusual problems including paralysis. (who.int)
In some rare instances, acute appendicitis has been shown to occur simultaneously with a variety of gynaecologic diseases, which can add to the diagnostic dilemma. (bvsalud.org)

Chronic inflammation from a parasitic infection is a known cause of CCC. (acsh.org)
The results show that the overall parasitic infection rate in crocodile lizards was 33.33% (23/69). (researchgate.net)

Paragonimiasis is a zoonoses caused by infection with lung flukes (trematodes) of various species. (uab.edu)

Mouth larvae infestations can weaken the host's immune machine, making them greater prone to fungal infections, inclusive of oral thrush (Candida albicans). (urbansplatter.com)
A retrospective study was carried out, and cases of avian pox with suspected associated fungal infection were selected. (pvb.org.br)
The slides were subjected to routine and special histochemical staining in cases of suspected fungal infection, in addition to performing the immunohistochemical technique. (pvb.org.br)
The diagnosis of fungal co-infections was confirmed through immunohistochemistry, with positive immunostaining for fungi of the genus Aspergillus sp. (pvb.org.br)
It is concluded that the occurrence of fungal co-infections secondary to the cutaneous lesions of avian pox represents a complicating factor of the disease, favoring the weakness of these animals and death. (pvb.org.br)
Athlete's foot (tinea pedis) is a fungal infection of the skin that causes scaling, flaking, and itching of affected areas. (shuttlelotion.com)
Secondary bacterial infection can accompany the fungal infection, sometimes requiring a course of oral antibiotics. (shuttlelotion.com)
There are many conventional medications (over-the-counter and prescription) as well as alternative treatments for fungal skin infections, including athlete's foot. (shuttlelotion.com)

Infections typically occur after ingestion of raw or undercooked fish. (acsh.org)

Multivariate approaches can be instrumental in the global effort to reduce and eventually eliminate neglected helminth infections in developing countries. (biomedcentral.com)
Together they infect over 1.4 billion people world wide and the majority are caused by protozoan or helminth infections. (biomedcentral.com)

People get lung fluke infections when they swallow cysts containing immature flukes (larvae) in raw, undercooked, or pickled freshwater crabs or crayfish. (msdmanuals.com)
Sporozoan cysts were found to occur in 10% of the oysters from Foveaux Strait, but were not observed to adversly affect the oyster. (vuw.ac.nz)

Morbidity is related to recurrent biliary infection and may manifest as pancreatobiliary abnormalities, such as pancreatitis, biliary fistulae, hepatic abscesses, and suppurative cholangitis. (medscape.com)
Consequences of systemic infections and remote foci of infections account for distant or nonpancreatobiliary morbidity. (medscape.com)
Chronic infections are invariably associated with severe morbidity [ illness ]. (fsai.ie)
Infection by more than one parasite (co-infection) is common and can contribute to clinical morbidity in children. (biomedcentral.com)

However, nomadic Sahelian pastoralists health concerns regarding their livestock and anecdotal reports about trematode infections of Fasciola spp. (biomedcentral.com)
Differences in the compatibility of infection between the liver flukes Fascioloides magna and Fasciola hepatica in a Colombian population of the snail Galba sp. (cambridge.org)

non-specific immunostimulants were used in an attempt to protect baboons from infection by schistosomes. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Copulation occurs in the blood vessels of the liver (in contrast to other trematodes, schistosomes are not hermaphroditic but have separate sexes). (wikitropica.org)

Important features exhibited by adult digenetic trematodes are summarized below (see Features of digenic trematodes). (medscape.com)

We confirmed identification of Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex trematodes as the causative agent of disease among 170 children in northern Bihar, India. (cdc.gov)

Flatworms (platyhelminths) - these include the trematodes (flukes) and cestodes (tapeworms). (cdc.gov)

Other sequelae of a chronic long-term infection can include the formation of stones within the gallbladder and bile ducts, superimposed bacterial infections and cancer of the bile ducts. (acsh.org)
Jaundice may occur from either the flukes plugging up the bile ducts or from stones or cancer (cholangiocarcinoma) which results after a prolonged chronic infection. (acsh.org)
Furthermore, Cryptosporidium infections have been reported in at least 57 reptilian species [14], with chronic cryptosporidiosis and lethality in some snakes [14,15]. (researchgate.net)
On migration of flukes into the lungs, patients can experience fevers, cough productive of brownish sputum, and occasionally hemoptysis as early signs of chronic pulmonary infection. (logicalimages.com)
The serologic diagnosis of chronic Chagas disease, caused by infection with the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is challenging and lacks a gold-standard assay. (cdc.gov)

Most infections are asymptomatic but those people with severe infection can have abdominal pain and fatigue. (acsh.org)
According to the World Health Organisation, "early and light infections often pass unnoticed, as they are asymptomatic or only scarcely symptomatic. (fsai.ie)
Most infections are asymptomatic. (fsai.ie)

Individuals suffering from severe infections can have an enlarged liver with abdominal discomfort, intense itching, loss of appetite or no appetite, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and indigestion. (acsh.org)
Liver fluke infection or distomatosis is a parasitic disease in ruminants that is caused by trematodes or flatworms. (dopharmaforturkeys.com)
In addition, a liver fluke infection can amplify or reduce the effect of other pathogens or interfere with their diagnosis (see further in this text). (dopharmaforturkeys.com)
Liver fluke infections used to occur only in countries further to the south, but in recent years we have seen increasing numbers of liver fluke infestations in our countries too. (dopharmaforturkeys.com)
In addition, the changing weather conditions also mean that the period in which infection with liver fluke can occur starts earlier on in the pasture season. (dopharmaforturkeys.com)
A study performed in Denmark revealed that heifers and non-lactating cows that graze in wet pastures form significant risk factors for persistence of a liver fluke infection at a dairy farm. (dopharmaforturkeys.com)
For example, resistance to triclabendazole can result in a steady spread of liver fluke infections. (dopharmaforturkeys.com)

Infection in the biliary system from Ascaris lumbricoides or from trematodes, such as Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini, often results in significant epithelial damage. (medscape.com)

During 2004-2017, several cases of echinostome infection were reported in children at Shri Shubh Lal Hospital and Research Centre in Bihar, India. (cdc.gov)

Spontaneous cercarial shedding of F. magna occurred in 7 of 100 Galba sp. (cambridge.org)

Occupational and recreational activities in close contact with freshwater, e.g., fishing, doing laundry and bathing present the main risk of infections. (biomedcentral.com)
This is particularly important when infrequent transmission events have disproportionately large effects on parasite abundance, such as sporadic visits to small freshwater wetlands by bird hosts, which then transmit infections to other aquatic hosts. (confex.com)

In this paper, based on high-throughput sequencing, we investigated parasitic infections in captive and wild crocodile lizard populations in the Daguishan National Nature Reserve and Guangdong Luokeng Shinisaurus crocodilurus National Nature Reserve. (researchgate.net)
occur in human populations living around the Sahara desert lakes of Ounianga Kebir and Ounianga Serir in northern Chad. (biomedcentral.com)

Alternatively, the immature (larval) states can cause disease through their infection of various body tissues. (cdc.gov)

It is an unusual condition brought about by a hyperparasitic protozoan, Urosporidium crescens , that infects the trematode Microphallus bassodactylus . (vims.edu)

Affected fish may have grub-like lesions within the skin and muscle, however, infections can occur within internal organs of fish with no external signs present. (ufl.edu)
Trematodes (Grubs) Flukes or grubs infect gills, skin and internal organs of fish. (pondboss.com)

Two asexual generations occur in a snail or mollusc. (wikipedia.org)
The second host could be another snail or a tadpole, in which development into metacercaria occurs. (wikipedia.org)
We also identified the snail Pila globosa as a potential source of infections in the study area. (cdc.gov)
The intermediate host snail of S. haematobium ( Bulinus truncatus ) occurred at water contact sites near both study villages, revealing the potential for local transmission. (biomedcentral.com)
Eighteen species of trematodes infect the snail, so this was an ideal host with which to explore the development of species with soldier rediae. (biomedcentral.com)
The California horn snail is long-lived and can host a large number of trematode species. (biomedcentral.com)
It had already been established that a dominance hierarchy exists within the guild of trematodes parasitizing this snail, and five of the dominant species (all in the family Echinostomatidae) have soldier rediae. (biomedcentral.com)

The presence of mouth larvae can weaken the host's immune device, making them more susceptible to secondary infections. (urbansplatter.com)
On the skin, erosion of mucus and skin makes the fish susceptible to secondary bacterial infections. (pondboss.com)

In contrast, the intensity of F. magna infection in Galba sp. (cambridge.org)

Infection is initiated when a free swimming, ciliated larva, the miracidium, invades the host, metamorphoses and divides to produce a clone of offspring. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of this study was to elucidate the species diversity of larva trematodes in the Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran. (scialert.net)

The epidemiology of PHF has been shown to involve a trematode vector. (merckvetmanual.com)

Collection sites of clinical samples from patients infected with Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex trematodes at SSL Hospital and Research Center, Sitamarhi, Bihar, India. (cdc.gov)
The clinical symptoms for infection included nictitating membrane inflammation, epiphora (tearing), eyelid edema, ocular congestion, eyeball destruction, emaciation, and death, and the infection period ranged from 8 to 16 months. (pvb.org.br)
An infection in cattle is often sub-clinical and therefore latent, resulting in economic consequences. (dopharmaforturkeys.com)
It is likely that the clinical signs are primarily caused by the inflammation induced by the trematode ova. (tamu.edu)

The bile ducts of patients with cholangiohepatitis are thought to be increasingly susceptible to bacterial seeding as a result of helminthic infections or as a consequence of malnutrition. (medscape.com)
Most experts believe that RPC is initiated by helminthic infection of the bile ducts and/or sludge/stone formation from deficient glucuronidation as a consequence of profound malnutrition. (medscape.com)
The initial insult(s) to the bile ducts precipitates a cycle of biliary stone formation and infection that results in recurrent episodes of pyogenic cholangitis. (medscape.com)

Doctors diagnose the infection when they see eggs in a person's sputum or eggs from swallowed sputum in stool. (msdmanuals.com)
Doctors diagnose lung fluke infections when they see eggs in a person's sputum or stool. (msdmanuals.com)

This can cause secondary infections, such as periodontal disease or oral abscesses. (urbansplatter.com)
It irritates the skin and gills causing fish to die from impaired respiration problems, secondary infections or starvation. (pondboss.com)

The first reported human infection was in Taiwan in 1929. (wikipedia.org)
For example, camels have been noted to have serologic evidence of infection with Coxiella burnetii, but human cases of Q fever as a result of contact with camels or ingestion of camel milk have often been poorly documented. (scienceopen.com)
For example, every year, tens of thousands of human deaths occur from rabies, usually contracted from dogs. (disabled-world.com)
Transmission of protozoa that live in a human's intestine to another human typically occurs through a fecal-oral route (for example, contaminated food or water or person-to-person contact). (cdc.gov)
Food chains occurring in a range of Australian ecosystems and environments, some associated with feeding arthropods, others with accidental ingestion of invertebrates, may result in human exposure and infection. (cgrb.org)
A range of organisms normally occurring in wildlife, domestic animals or the environment may be involved in causing human disease. (cgrb.org)
From a human infection perspective, the most common roundworms are from the family of Anisakidae and include Anisakis spp. (fsai.ie)
Human infections caused by fish tapeworm are most commonly caused by the genus Diphylloborothrium . (fsai.ie)
Pathogens traverse disciplinary and taxonomic boundaries, yet infectious disease research occurs in many separate disciplines including plant pathology, veterinary and human medicine, and ecological and evolutionary sciences. (springer.com)
methods, increase of raw seafood consumption, and growth in The most involved species in human infection are Pseudoterranova the international market of fish (New et al. (bvsalud.org)

Most people with fluke lung infections do not develop symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
Many patients with pulmonary P. westermani infections may have nonspecific signs and symptoms, usually with radiologic abnormalities such as lung infiltrates, nodules and cavities, airspace consolidation, or pleural effusions that may mimic tuberculosis. (blogspot.com)

The consequences of long-term infection vary from disease to disease and include blindness, disfiguring scars and ulcers, severe pain, limb deformities, impaired mental and physical development, and damage to internal organs. (disabled-world.com)

S. haematobium infection mainly results in fibrosis, strictures and calcification of the urinary tract. (wikitropica.org)

Here, we apply distributional heat maps to study the within- and between-host infection patterns for four trematodes (Alaria marcianae, Cephalogonimus americanus, Echinostoma spp. (bvsalud.org)

The adult trematode is reddish-brown and ovoid. (medscape.com)

They also vary in metacercarial cyst shape and thickness, location of infection within the second intermediate host, and the specific host type. (creationresearch.org)

The researchers focussed on four species of trematodes belonging to the family Heterophyidae. (biomedcentral.com)

Infection in West Africa is due to P. africanus and P. uterobilateralis . (uab.edu)

One such treatment is albendazole, which is known to be effective against certain types of parasitic infections like tapeworms and roundworms. (gooddecisions.com)

Organisms6

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs1

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Phenomena and Processes1

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science1

Health Care1

Schistosoma18

Schistosomiasis14

Parasites23

Endemic9

Species of trematode3

Prevalence8

Blood flukes1

Paragonimus8

Intestinal4

Humans19

Genus of trematode2

Digenean trematodes3

Snails9

Zoonotic4

Outbreaks7

Neglected tropical3

Worms4

Flatworms or flukes1

Nematodes1

Acute5

Parasitic infection2

Paragonimiasis1

Fungal8

Ingestion of raw1

Helminth2

Cysts2

Morbidity4

Fasciola2

Schistosomes2

Digenetic1

Causative agent1

Cestodes1

Chronic5

Asymptomatic3

Liver7

Ascaris1

Echinostome1

Cercarial1

Freshwater2

Populations2

Immature1

Infects1

Internal organs of fish2

Snail7

Susceptible to secondary2

Contrast1

Larva2

Epidemiology1

Clinical4

Bile ducts3

Eggs2

Secondary2

Human10

Symptoms2

Consequences1

Haematobium1

Americanus1

Adult1

Intermediate host1

Heterophyidae1

West Africa1

Tapeworms1