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This amount can be determined experimentally by the construction of an adsorption isotherm. (wikipedia.org)
An adsorption isotherm is a graph of Γ(P,T) versus partial pressure of the adsorbate(P/P0) for a given constant temperature, where Γ(P,T) is the number of molecules adsorbed per surface area. (wikipedia.org)
Irving Langmuir was the first to derive a scientifically based adsorption isotherm in 1918. (wikipedia.org)
It is the most common isotherm equation to use due to its simplicity and its ability to fit a variety of adsorption data. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrogen coverage dependence on overpotential and current is discussed with reference to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. (astm.org)
The adsorption of Cu$^{2+}$ on nanocomposites followed the Langmuir isotherm model well. (tubitak.gov.tr)
Additionally, the fitting of isotherm data by the Dubinin-Radushkevich model showed that the adsorption process occurred by physisorption mechanism. (tubitak.gov.tr)

[4] The term sorption encompasses both adsorption and absorption, and desorption is the reverse of sorption. (wikipedia.org)
Adsorption/desorption as a partitioning process associated with organic carbon, is not a relevant endpoint for these inorganic salts and bioavailability is considered the more relevant criterion. (europa.eu)
It works with solar radiation and the cooling is achieved by means of a thermodynamic adsorption-desorption cycle lasting 24 hours. (phys.org)
For this method, desorption takes place at a temperature much higher than adsorption. (processengr.com)
The elevated temperature shifts the adsorption equilibrium resulting in contaminant desorption and regeneration of the adsorbent bed. (processengr.com)
In this process, desorption occurs at a pressure much lower than adsorption. (processengr.com)
Almost half of all Adsorption-Desorption-Recovery (ADR) plants worldwide use Jacobi's activated carbons GoldSorb and PicaGold. (environmental-expert.com)
The key findings of this research are new experimental data on (1) P adsorption from urine and anaerobic digester filtrate to resin under continuous-flow operation and corresponding regeneration efficiency, and (2) chemical requirements for and mineral purity of P precipitation in the spent regenerants from resin adsorption/desorption and original waste waters. (rsc.org)
The regards amongst others determination of the adsorption/desorption behaviour of the substances, determination of bioaccumulation, determination of the ready biodegradability, determination of the long-term fish toxicity, and other tests. (janusinfo.se)

The greater adsorption capacity of water treatment residuals nanoparticles (nWTRs) in comparison with larger particles suggests their use as a very promising candidate for contaminated water and wastewater remediation. (hindawi.com)
Adsorption, ion exchange and chromatography are sorption processes in which certain adsorbates are selectively transferred from the fluid phase to the surface of insoluble, rigid particles suspended in a vessel or packed in a column. (wikipedia.org)
Due to the small size of the particles, the kinetics of adsorption onto AC are much faster than can be achieved with granular activated carbon (GAC) for above-ground treatment applications, resulting in higher removal efficiencies. (frtr.gov)
Iron often form complexes with inorganic ligands and occurs mainly in the forms of oxides and hydroxides either as small particles or in association with the surfaces of other minerals. (europa.eu)
The compressed air to be treated is filtered both at the inlet and at the outlet of the adsorption dryer, serving to protect the adsorbent material from contaminants as well as to retain particles of the adsorbent material at the outlet. (ingersollrand.com)
Adsorption of chromium (VI) to suspended and bottom sediment exhibits typical anionic sorption behaviour where the adsorption occurs to positively charged sites on mineral particles. (europa.eu)
Zobell [7] reported that bacteria attached themselves to inert particles and hypothesized that adsorption was beneficial for the growth of bacteria. (who.int)

Maximum adsorption occurred at pH 3. (academicjournals.org)
The kinetic studies show that uptake of lead ions increases with time and that maximum adsorption was obtained within the first 30 min of the process. (academicjournals.org)

Biosurfactants are naturally occurring amphiphiles that reduce surface and interfacial tension in aqueous solutions and water-oil mixtures. (aiche.org)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102061] We examine here the micellization of mono-rhamnolipids and di-rhamnolipids in aqueous solutions and their adsorption on solid surfaces, and discuss the effects of rhamnolipid headgroup, rhamnolipid purification, and presence of salt in water. (aiche.org)
Reactions responsible for the electrolytic production of hydrogen in aqueous solutions are described for corrosion processes that occur in occluded regions on or below the surface of the metal. (astm.org)

Our Carbon Management Program helps customers to understand how activated carbon behaviour affects circuit performance and ultimately gold recovery levels, and includes services such as audits of carbon circuits, analytical testing of carbon samples, and on-site troubleshooting of carbon adsorption systems. (environmental-expert.com)

The adsorption isotherms obtained at 27ºC and optimum pH fitted well into both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. (academicjournals.org)
By employing a Langmuir trough integrated with X-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction techniques, this study examined the molecular packing structure of 1,2-palmitoyl- sn-glycero -3-phosphocholine (DPPC) films before and after enzyme adsorption and enzyme-catalyzed degradation. (rsc.org)

The thermodynamic data indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. (tubitak.gov.tr)

[3] While adsorption does often precede absorption, which involves the transfer of the absorbate into the volume of the absorbent material, alternatively, adsorption is distinctly a surface phenomenon, wherein the adsorbate does not penetrate through the material surface and into the bulk of the adsorbent. (wikipedia.org)
Odor fade can be caused by adsorption, absorption, oxidation or any combination thereof. (socalgas.com)
Hydrogen adsorption-absorption processes and electrochemical hydrogen permeation test techniques for the determination of the susceptibility of metals to internal hydrogen embrittlement are presented. (astm.org)
The effect of atomic oxygen adsorption on the structure and electronic properties of monolayer graphite (MG or graphene) grown on Pt(111) and Ir(111) has been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy. (lu.se)

Citrus limetta peel powder is cheap, effective and potential adsorbent for Congo red adsorption from wastewater. (iwaponline.com)
We simulated the adsorption of antimony in the presence of nano-zero valent iron (nZVI) adsorbent, on kaolinite and in the presence of nZVI coated on kaolinite from mineral wastewater using VISUAL MINTEQ 3.1 software. (iwaponline.com)

Adsorption is the adhesion of ions or molecules onto the surface of another phase. (wikipedia.org)
The adsorption process can be characterized by determining what amount of the ions or molecules are adsorbed to the surface. (wikipedia.org)
Because the ability of a surface to adsorb molecules onto its surface depends on energies of interaction, thermodynamics of adsorption can be used to understand the driving forces for adsorption. (wikipedia.org)
Adsorption is the adhesion [1] of atoms , ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface . (wikipedia.org)
Brunauer, Emmett and Teller's model of multilayer adsorption is a random distribution of molecules on the material surface. (wikipedia.org)
The protonated part of hydroxyl and carboxyl group of CLPP combine with negative part of Congo red dye for adsorption of dye molecules. (iwaponline.com)
The presence of an oil layer can entirely prevent the transmission of water molecules through the LRGO side, and selective water adsorption only occurs within the GO layer. (eurekalert.org)
Moreover, graphene can be used as an adsorption template for studying reactions between adsorbates and gas phase molecules. (lu.se)

Different polymer surfaces have different side chains on their monomers that can become charged due to the adsorption or dissociation of adsorbates. (wikipedia.org)
Oxygen adsorption of Pt(533) proceeds in the main part via the sequential precursor route to dissociation proposed for adsorption on the Pt(111) surface. (soton.ac.uk)

The extent of chromium (III) oxidation is limited by anionic adsorption of chromium (VI) to the mineral surface in acidic solutions and by precipitation of Cr (OH)3 in neutral to alkaline solutions. (europa.eu)
Graphene oxidation predominantly occurs through the formation of epoxy groups and causes atomic-scale buckling of the graphene lattice, as evidenced by an sp(2)-to-sp(3) bonding transformation. (lu.se)

1995b), little adsorption to soil or sediment is expected to occur. (cdc.gov)

Studying adsorption kinetics showed that the experimental data are described better by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. (tubitak.gov.tr)

It may also occur due to electrostatic attraction. (wikipedia.org)
The model simulates the removal of all tested pollutants based on electrostatic adsorption to a continuously forming surface, associated with the precipitating ferrihydrite. (tudelft.nl)
The model fits were good for HA and PFOA removal, indicating that these were indeed mainly removed by electrostatic adsorption. (tudelft.nl)
The poor model fit may indicate that the mechanism of PFOS removal extends beyond strict electrostatic adsorption. (tudelft.nl)
The adsorption of dispersing agents is based on the principle of electrostatic and steric stabilization. (bharatbook.com)
Electrostatic stabilization occurs when the dispersant carries a charge that is opposite to the particle's surface charge, resulting in repulsion. (bharatbook.com)

Using a combination of X- ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and low-energy electron diffraction, we take advantage of graphene's sensitivity to changes in its chemical environment to obtain an atomic scale understanding of different reactions occurring above and below the film. (lu.se)

Adsorption may occur via physisorption and chemisorption. (wikipedia.org)
The exact nature of the bonding depends on the details of the species involved, but the adsorption process is generally classified as physisorption (characteristic of weak van der Waals forces ) or chemisorption (characteristic of covalent bonding). (wikipedia.org)

The objectives of this study were therefore (i) to determine cadmium adsorption capacity of water treatment residual nanoparticles and to investigate the pertinent adsorption mechanism and (ii) to study the effects of operational parameters including adsorbent dosages, solution pH, and competing cations on the removal of Cd by nWTRs. (hindawi.com)
The paper presents an original study on adsorption and aggregation phenomena in a mixed system consisting of a macromolecular compound, heavy metal ions and an innovative adsorbent. (mdpi.com)
The adsorption of gases and solutes is usually described through isotherms, that is, the amount of adsorbate on the adsorbent as a function of its pressure (if gas) or concentration (for liquid phase solutes) at constant temperature. (wikipedia.org)

From the intricate filtration mechanism to the power of microfiltration and adsorption, we'll uncover the secrets behind clean and safe drinking water. (consumerenergycenter.org)
Researchers have investigated whether ion adsorption in a layered material called birnessite occurs via a faradaic or non-faradaic mechanism. (materialstoday.com)

Dashed arrows represent backward reactions that do not always occur under the same conditions as the corresponding forward reaction. (greencarcongress.com)
Further research is needed to explore these possibilities and determine improved equilibrium constants for the relevant adsorption reactions. (tudelft.nl)

Applying these additional treatment amendments may serve to regenerate the AC surface area and create a dynamic equilibrium between contaminant influx, adsorption, and degradation to allow for continued adsorption of COC mass flux in groundwater. (frtr.gov)
To remove the purged fluid during the next adsorption cycle, the contaminant in the feed must be more selectively adsorbed than the displacement purge fluid. (processengr.com)

The term pressure dew point refers to the temperature at which water condensation occurs. (ingersollrand.com)
A cooling step then returns the bed to its adsorption temperature. (processengr.com)
The effects of contact time, initial concentration of Cu$^{2+}$, initial pH of Cu$^{2+}$ solutions, and temperature on adsorption process were investigated. (tubitak.gov.tr)

Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR) analyses suggested the participation of OH − , O-Al-O, FeOH, and FeOOH entities in the adsorption process. (hindawi.com)
Adsorption is present in many natural, physical, biological and chemical systems and is widely used in industrial applications such as heterogeneous catalysts , [8] [9] activated charcoal , capturing and using waste heat to provide cold water for air conditioning and other process requirements ( adsorption chillers ), synthetic resins , increasing storage capacity of carbide-derived carbons and water purification . (wikipedia.org)
In situ treatment using AC amendments typically involves a two-step process - adsorption and subsequent degradation. (frtr.gov)
Microfiltration and adsorption play crucial roles in the purification process. (consumerenergycenter.org)
Overnight, the cooling process is achieved, and the adsorption and evaporation period occurs. (phys.org)
The adsorption process continues all night until morning. (phys.org)
Part 2 of this blog topic continues the discussion from last month of some important aspects of adsorption on activated carbon in the process industries and both parts are intended to serve as an introduction to the topic. (processengr.com)
The recovery of PO 4 using the two-step adsorption-precipitation process was compared with direct precipitation in urine and anaerobic digester filtrate considering chemical requirements for precipitation and mineral purity. (rsc.org)

The activated carbon is added in leach, with gold adsorption occurring nearly simultaneously with gold dissolution by the cyanide solution. (environmental-expert.com)
It was found that the organic carbon deactivating environment of cicl lowers, but does not eliminate, the adsorption of gold on activated carbon. (cdc.gov)
In this environment a refractory ore alteration, gold extraction, and recovery on activated carbon occurs. (cdc.gov)

Moreover, conclusive evidences have demonstrated that the smaller size fraction of WTRs greatly increases their active surface area and adsorption performance [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Like surface tension , adsorption is a consequence of surface energy . (wikipedia.org)
Adsorption onto the surface of the AC is attributed to its highly porous internal structure. (frtr.gov)
adsorption - 1) The formation of a layer of gas, liquid, or solid on the surface of a solid or, less frequently, of a liquid. (silver-colloids.com)
The dynamics of dissociative adsorption of hydrogen and oxygen on the Pt(533) (or 4(111) x (100)) surface has been studied under UHV conditions with a supersonic molecular beam. (soton.ac.uk)
Reduction of chromium (VI) to chromium (III) may also occur to some extent in surface waters, particularly where oxygen-deficient conditions exist. (europa.eu)
On the other hand, chromium (III) exhibits a typical cationic sorption behaviour, where adsorption occurs onto negatively charged sites on the mineral surface or onto organic matter. (europa.eu)
SP-B and SP-C work in concert to facilitate rapid adsorption and spreading of DPPC as a monolayer to lower the surface tension at the alveolar air-fluid interface in vivo during expiration, thus preventing atelectasis. (medscape.com)

upon adsorption of sPLA 2 to the monolayer the packing became tighter. (rsc.org)
In contrast, sPLA 2 -catalyzed degradation of DPPC occurred in the presence of Ca 2+ , leading to disruption of the ordered monolayer structure of DPPC. (rsc.org)

The WTR nanoparticles demonstrated high removal efficiency for Cd from aqueous solution as the adsorption capacities of nWTR were 17 and 10 times higher than those of bulk WTR in single- and multielement systems, respectively. (hindawi.com)

The adsorption equilibrium constants were the most important model parameters. (tudelft.nl)

adsorption dryers are predominantly used for instrument air in EPC contracts. (ingersollrand.com)

2021. Multiple co-occurring and persistently detected cyanotoxins and associated cyanobacteria in adjacent California lakes. (usc.edu)

We show that graphene acts as a catalyst for water formation by providing the required adsorption configuration that promotes the reaction. (lu.se)
This finding paves the way for future research using graphene as an adsorption template for fundamental catalysis studies. (lu.se)

Δ G and Δ H being negative suggest that the adsorption was thermodynamically favorable and spontaneous. (iwaponline.com)

In 2011, a major experimental breakthrough occurred when for the S2 state of photosynthesis. (lu.se)

In the conducted stimulation, the optimum pH was 2-5 and the highest adsorption occurred in an acidic state. (iwaponline.com)

The main form of Cd in contaminated water is Cd(II) and the remediation technologies available to reduce Cd concentrations in contaminated water systems include ion-exchange, solvent extraction, chemical precipitation, phytoextraction, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and adsorption [ 3 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Water treatment alternatives such as adsorption using agricultural residues are currently being studied to eliminate pollutants that cause eutrophication in water bodies, avoiding the alteration of aquatic ecosystems. (mdpi.com)
Ceramic water filters provide effective filtration: By utilizing a combination of microfiltration and adsorption mechanisms, ceramic water filters can remove bacteria, protozoa, and turbidity, making water safer to drink. (consumerenergycenter.org)
Water purification of pathogens from natural bodies of freshwater occurs primarily in wetlands. (vin.com)
Adsorption compressed air dryers are designed to remove moisture by passing air over a regenerative desiccant material, which attracts and retains water vapour molecule. (ingersollrand.com)
3, MCI method, KOCWIN v2.00) a removal from the water column to a significant degree by adsorption to sewage sludge can be expected (Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, Chapter R.7b, (ECHA, 2014). (europa.eu)

Chromium (III) is not readily, or rapidly, oxidised to chromium (VI) under most conditions found in the environment, but can be by oxidised by naturally occurring manganese oxides. (europa.eu)

these are demonstrable only by agar precipitation and specific adsorption mehtod (HI). (cdc.gov)

The adsorption of chromium (VI) to particulate matter decreases with increasing pH and when competing dissolved anions are present. (europa.eu)
The adsorption of chromium (III) increases with pH but decreases when competing cations are present, however, in general, the adsorption of chromium (III) to particulate matter is much higher than that of chromium (VI) under the same conditions. (europa.eu)

At incident energies up to 18meV trapping can occur into a physisorbed state that is fully accommodated. (soton.ac.uk)
At incident energies up to 150meV a third channel to adsorption exists. (soton.ac.uk)

Little Goose Creek, Goose Creek, and the Tongue River in the Tongue River drainage basin, and Clear Creek in the Powder River drainage basin, which have headwaters in the Bighorn Mountains, consistently had the smallest median dissolved-sodium concentrations, sodium-adsorption ratios, dissolved-sulfate concentrations, and dissolved-solids concentrations. (usgs.gov)
The results of the simulation indicated that the nZVI concentration, initial concentrations of antimony and pH factor are effective on the adsorption of antimony. (iwaponline.com)
With increasing initial concentrations of antimony in the simulation, we concluded that nZVI had absorbed various concentrations above 90% and, by increasing the concentration of nZVI, antimony adsorption rate increased. (iwaponline.com)

Testing the suggested technique with groundwater resulted in an 82% CR adsorption efficiency. (iwaponline.com)

Pharmaceutical industry applications, which use adsorption as a means to prolong neurological exposure to specific drugs or parts thereof, [ citation needed ] are lesser known. (wikipedia.org)
Severe neurological impairment, usually subacute combined system degeneration, occurs in cobalamin deficiency. (medscape.com)
Cobalamine neurological disorders can occur independently of hematological manifestations of pernicious anemia. (medscape.com)

The adsorption capacity of Fe$_{3}$O$_{4}$ @ montmorillonite composite was 5 mg g$^{-1}$ Pb and 2 mg g$^{-1}$ Cd. (tubitak.gov.tr)
By introducing magnetic laponite RD the adsorption capacity of nanocomposites for Cu$^{2+}$ was significantly improved. (tubitak.gov.tr)

An improved fundamental understanding of biosurfactant self-assembly and adsorption properties is important for their utilization in environmental and consumer products applications. (aiche.org)

In the interest of all users of the Environmental Health Criteria monographs, readers are requested to communicate any errors that may have occurred to the Director of the International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, in order that they may be included in corrigenda. (inchem.org)

A typical pressure dew point specified for an adsorption dryer is -40°C which prevents corrosion and inhibits the growth of microorganisms. (ingersollrand.com)

Once floc formation has occurred, upflow filtration provides excellent separation of settleable solids via sedimentation for removal from the aquasystem. (vin.com)

Noticeably, Cd(II) adsorption was clearly suppressed in the multi-ion system as Cu and Pb form the most stable monohydroxo complexes. (hindawi.com)

In the present study, immobilisation of Candida rugosa (CRL) lipase onto amino-activated mica is performed via covalent bonding (namely Amino-CRL) and the cross-linking of lipases into nano-reactors through physical adsorption (namely NER-CRL). (researchgate.net)
These two models' plots showed that both physical and chemical adsorption were feasible. (iwaponline.com)

Our aim was to determine the factors affecting the adsorption of antimony by applying simulation. (iwaponline.com)

A separation step (e.g., distillation) to purify the product during adsorption and another one to recover the purge fluid may be required. (processengr.com)

Competitive inhibition and ingestion by beneficial microorganisms is an important function which occurs primarily in the microstructure of the periphyton. (vin.com)

Organisms2

Chemicals and Drugs42

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes12

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture11

Health Care4

Isotherm7

Desorption9

Particles7

Maximum adsorption2

Aqueous Solutions3

Carbon adsorption1

Langmuir2

Thermodynamic1

Absorption4

Wastewater2

Molecules8

Dissociation2

Oxidation2

Sediment1

Kinetics1

Electrostatic6

Scanning tunneling1

Physisorption2

Adsorbent3

Mechanism2

Reactions2

Contaminant2

Temperature3

Process8

Activated carbon3

Surface8

Monolayer2

Capacities1

Equilibrium1

Predominantly1

20211

Graphene2

Spontaneous1

Experimental1

Acidic1

Water6

Oxides1

Precipitation1

Decreases2

Energies2

Concentrations3

Efficiency1

Neurological3

Capacity2

Fundamental1

Environmental1

Corrosion1

Solids1

Complexes1

Physical2

Determine1

Fluid1

Important1