AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHealth Care
IsocyanatesAsthma, OccupationalAsthmaCyanatesOccupational DiseasesToluene 2,4-DiisocyanateOccupational ExposureAir Pollutants, OccupationalPolyurethanesPaintRhodiumResins, PlantBronchial Provocation TestsInhalation ExposureButylaminesPeak Expiratory Flow RateTear GasesSkin TestsRhinitisIndolizidinesFlourAutomobilesWorkers' CompensationImmunoglobulin EBarberingAllergensRespiratory HypersensitivityWoodEnvironmental MonitoringMustard CompoundsWeldingBeauty CultureChemical IndustryForced Expiratory VolumeAlveolitis, Extrinsic AllergicAlkynesRespiratory Function TestsFood-Processing IndustryRespiratory Protective DevicesDustBleaching AgentsMethacholine ChlorideAnti-Asthmatic AgentsAerosolsMetallurgyBronchial HyperreactivityLatex HypersensitivitySpirometryGlutaral
ExposuresCompoundsWorkplaceIrritantsAllergensRhinitisSensitizationPaintsDiisocyanatesWorkers exposedExacerbate asthmaReactive chemicalsTolueneSymptomsFumesChest tightnessSensitizer-induced occupational asthmaAirwayRespiratory diseaseAliphatic isocyanatesWork-exacerbated asthmaInhalationFamily of highly reactiveCommonlyOccurAirborneSensitisation1989ChronicAdhesivesConcentrationsLung diseaseBiologicalSensitizersLungsNIOSHPotentiallyPathogenesisVapoursHazardousMonomersSpray paintersFoam insulationDiseasesChemicals that causeImmune mediatedInflammationHealthPaintersAllergySubstancesDiagnosisExposure LimitsTruck bedlinerInsulationFormaldehyde
Exposures25
  • This Alert summarizes seven case reports of disease and deaths following occupational exposure to diisocyanates, and provides recommendations for prevention of exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • It also presents the known human health effects of TDI and TDA, and suggests guidelines for minimizing occupational exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • The hygiene hypothesis of asthma states that naturally occurring infections and allergen exposures might essentially immunize against the development of asthma and allergic and autoimmune diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • A recent review has raised questions about adult exposures to formaldehyde and asthma, based on review of literature over a limited time period. (cdc.gov)
  • Other authoritative bodies, such as the Centers for Disease Control, recommend that people with asthma avoid exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposures to airborne isocyanates may also occur from the melting or burning of polyurethane foams during fire fighting. (cdc.gov)
  • Isocyanate exposures have also caused deaths due to both asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. (paintsquare.com)
  • Applicators of foam insulation are among the occupational groups at risk for isocyanate exposures. (paintsquare.com)
  • The painting, automotive, building and construction industries are among those called out in the document as industries where isocyanate exposures are known or likely to occur. (paintsquare.com)
  • Occupational exposures are believed to be responsible for as many as 21 percent of deaths due to asthma in the United States. (concentra.com)
  • WEA is present in about a fifth of patients with asthma and a wide variety of conditions at work, including irritant chemicals, dusts, second-hand smoke, common allergens that may be present at work, as well as other "exposures" such as emotional stress, worksite temperature, and physical exertion can exacerbate asthma symptoms in these patients. (mdwiki.org)
  • The questions facing NIOSH are these: Which of these individuals or groups of employees may be at risk of cancer or other adverse health effects from potential occupational exposures, decades ago, to radiation and other agents? (cdc.gov)
  • Although scientists know much about the health effects of short, intense, high-level, non-occupational exposures to radiation, there are few data on the effects from exposures over longer durations at lower levels. (cdc.gov)
  • Under this program, former nuclear production workers or their survivors may file claims for compensation for cancers and illnesses caused by past occupational exposures at nuclear weapons production facilities. (cdc.gov)
  • Analyzing the monomer and oligomer isocyanates in a single method provides the most efficient solution for determining the concentrations present during potential exposures. (webvent.tv)
  • Research studies have estimated that up to 25% of adults with asthma have work-related asthma, and 15% of adult-onset asthma may be caused by hazardous occupational exposures. (nationalasthma.org.au)
  • 3] In addition, by highlighting a potential occupational cause for a patient's asthma, medical practitioners can assist in advising about avoiding future exposures at work, contribute to accurate data collection and thereby influence future workplace safety regulation. (nationalasthma.org.au)
  • Growing awareness of the link between work exposures and the development of work-related asthma is key for driving better health and safety practices. (nationalasthma.org.au)
  • Several other airway diseases caused by inhalational workplace exposures can be distinguished from occupational and occupationally aggravated asthma. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It was concluded that where there is good control of exposures and compliance with established occupational exposure limits, isocyanate asthma (condition associated with exposure to the substance) can be minimised. (h2compliance.com)
  • Environmental triggers, irritants, allergens, occupational exposures, and other causal factors must be considered in clients with asthma symptoms. (atrainceu.com)
  • OBJECTIVES: There is a scarcity of evidence on occupational exposures that may increase eczema in adults. (bvsalud.org)
  • We aimed to investigate potential associations between occupational exposures and eczema in middle-aged adults. (bvsalud.org)
  • Current exposures to isocyanates (aOR=5.27 (95% CI 1.17 to 23.7)) and acrylates (aOR=8.41 (95% CI 1.60 to 44.3)) were associated with AE. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: In this exploratory assessment, multiple occupational exposures were associated with current eczema in middle-aged adults. (bvsalud.org)
Compounds5
  • The most widely used compounds are diisocyanates, which contain two isocyanate groups, and polyisocyanates, which are usually derived from diisocyanates and may contain several isocyanate groups. (cdc.gov)
  • Quantification was performed with positive electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS. The adduct peak found in vivo was confirmed with the less sensitive negative ESI-MS. In summary, these are new compounds and methods to determine isocyanate-specific adducts with albumin in workers exposed to HDI. (occupationalasthma.com)
  • Compounds in isocyanates are recognized as potentially carcinogenic (cancer-causing agents). (wellnesskeen.com)
  • All isocyanate compounds have N = C = O bonds that are highly reactive and readily react with biological molecules and are very important stimuli in the respiratory tract and are the major cause of asthma and chemical bronchitis [22]. (waocp.com)
  • Isocyanates include compounds also classified as potential human carcinogens (cancer causing compounds) and are known to cause cancer in animals. (employeeshealth.com.au)
Workplace27
  • Engineering controls such as closed systems and ventilation should be the principal method for minimizing isocyanate exposure in the workplace. (cdc.gov)
  • The chemicals mentioned in these two cases are among more than 300 substances used in the workplace that are known or suspected to cause asthma in healthy employees or exacerbate asthma in employees who have received an asthma diagnosis. (concentra.com)
  • Asthma that occurs due to or worsens due to exposure to certain substances or chemicals at a workplace is termed as occupational asthma. (epainassist.com)
  • Do you have asthma symptoms only when you are in the workplace, or do you have asthma symptoms only when you are performing a. (epainassist.com)
  • Occupational asthma is a disease of the lung in which substances in the workplace cause irritation thus swelling and narrow the respiratory tract of. (epainassist.com)
  • Occupational asthma is a lung condition induced by chemicals or substances used in the workplace. (epainassist.com)
  • Occupational asthma is a type of asthma triggered only in the workplace when the body reacts against a specific substance in the workplace. (epainassist.com)
  • Occupational asthma appears when a person is exposed to certain substances in his workplace that either causes inflammation or irritation in the lungs. (epainassist.com)
  • When you develop asthma because of substances like chemicals, dust, pollens, etc. at your workplace, it is termed as occupational asthma. (epainassist.com)
  • Occupational asthma is new onset asthma or the recurrence of previously quiescent asthma directly caused by exposure to an agent at workplace. (mdwiki.org)
  • Another type of work-related asthma is work-exacerbated asthma (WEA) which is asthma worsened by workplace conditions but not caused by it. (mdwiki.org)
  • Like other types of asthma, it is characterized by airway inflammation, reversible airways obstruction, and bronchospasm, but it is caused by something in the workplace environment. (mdwiki.org)
  • Furthermore, the most common cause of occupational asthma in the workplace are isocyanates. (mdwiki.org)
  • Once work-related asthma is confirmed, a revised risk assessment in the workplace is needed to prevent further cases. (ersjournals.com)
  • These guidelines are mainly directed towards new onset asthma induced by workplace allergens, agents with unknown pathomechanisms and irritants. (ersjournals.com)
  • However, aggravation of pre-existing asthma by workplace exposure and occupational COPD are also briefly addressed and some consideration is given to other work-related airway disorders (such as asthma-like symptoms and occupational rhinitis). (ersjournals.com)
  • Every workplace has its hazards and employees working with sprayers, coatings and spray painters often face serious isocyanate exposure that is harmful to the lungs. (tsmfg.com)
  • WEA is defined as a pre-existing or coincidental new-onset asthma worsened by non-specific factors in the workplace, such as cold and dry air, exertion, dust and fumes [3,4]. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Occupational asthma is reversible airway obstruction that develops after months to years of sensitization to an allergen encountered in the workplace. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Numerous chemicals and other agents that may be encountered in the workplace have been identified as causing occupational asthma. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A list of workplace airborne allergens that have been associated with occupational asthma can be found at the Commission des normes, de l'équité, de la santé et de la sécurité du travail . (msdmanuals.com)
  • Occupational rhinitis usually results in worsening of symptoms at the workplace and tends not to have seasonal variation in symptoms. (medscape.com)
  • We conduct these health assessments, as per WorkSafe requirements, for workers exposed to isocyanates in the workplace. (employeeshealth.com.au)
  • Due to the health issues associated with isocyanate exposure, there is legislation governed by Worksafe requiring persons conducting a business or undertaking (PCBU) to initiate a Health Surveillance (monitoring) program for workers exposed to these chemicals in the workplace. (employeeshealth.com.au)
  • To Extract the harmful hazardous smoke to be suck and Filter in mandatory to all soldering process.TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF COLOPHONY:Industrial Solder fume is one of the top causes of occupational asthma in the workplace. (cleantekindia.com)
  • Dr David Fishwick Well to give you an example I saw a case a few months ago of a worker working in a food processing plant who had become so unwell on nightshift that he had to be dragged out of the workplace by by his colleagues desperately ill with asthma. (hse.gov.uk)
  • Normally in the workplace this will be a nurse or an occupational health provider. (hse.gov.uk)
Irritants6
Allergens6
  • Studies of exposure to allergens and risk of asthma have yielded paradoxical results. (cdc.gov)
  • Decreased exposure to infections and allergens in early childhood has been linked to the increased incidence of asthma in industrialized countries (the "hygiene hypothesis") [Liu and Murphy 2003]. (cdc.gov)
  • Also, the World Health Organization states that in children, "some case control and cross sectional studies have indicated a possible association between low formaldehyde exposure and asthma or sensitization to certain allergens. (cdc.gov)
  • OA in bakers, textile workers, tanners, herbal and fruit tea processors, and health care workers) was atopics and had positive prick tests to occupational allergens. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Diagnosis is based on occupational history, including assessment of job activities, allergens in the work environment, and a temporal association between work and symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Allergens in Occupational Allergy: Prevention and Management - Focus on Asthma -- 5. (nshealth.ca)
Rhinitis6
  • Most children with asthma have allergic rhinitis, a major independent risk factor for asthma. (cdc.gov)
  • Rhinitis and asthma can be viewed as manifestations of one syndrome - the chronic allergic respiratory syndrome - in different parts of the respiratory tract [Togias 2003]. (cdc.gov)
  • People with rhinitis may go on to develop asthma. (aixuebb.com)
  • Exposure to plicatic acid can cause or exacerbate asthma, rhinitis or conjunctivitis in humans and in animals, and the damage can be progressive. (reptilestar.com)
  • The chapters not only cover asthma but also elaborate on contact dermatitis, rhinitis, and other allergic conditions, providing readers with a comprehensive overview of the substances disrupting autoimmunity and their effects on the human body. (nshealth.ca)
  • there is a known association between occupational exposure to several paint constituents and the occurrence of rhinitis and/or asthma. (blsgroup.com)
Sensitization10
  • At the time of selecting them, the literature referred to them all as chemicals that cause asthma, although some have questioned the strength of association between exposure and asthma and the mechanism of action-irritation and/or sensitization. (cdc.gov)
  • Occupational exposure standards for isocyanates are based on respiratory irritation and sensitization and carcinogenesis. (cdc.gov)
  • Animal studies have suggested that skin exposure to isocyanates may be an important risk factor for respiratory sensitization leading to asthma. (cdc.gov)
  • Further research which would better quantify skin exposure, and its potential relationship to respiratory sensitization and asthma is warranted. (cdc.gov)
  • Here is a on-demand webinar from the American Chemistry Council's Diisocyanates Panel and Aliphatic Diisocyanates Panel that provides an introduction and basic overview of the available science concerning sensitization and diisocyanate-related occupational asthma. (sprayfoam.org)
  • The webinar addresses topics such as what is sensitization, what is "work-related" asthma, how does diisocyanate exposure relate to respiratory sensitization, how do doctors diagnose "work-related asthma," and why are medical surveillance programs important? (sprayfoam.org)
  • The intended audience for this webinar includes value chain stakeholders that are involved in product safety interactions, as well as occupational health and safety professionals who may field questions related to the sensitization potential of diisocyanates. (sprayfoam.org)
  • Bronchial sensitization and asthma are among the major adverse clinical reactions associated with low-level chronic exposure to isocyanates. (occupationalasthma.com)
  • Sensitization to isocyanates is the main pathway for adverse health effects. (occupationalasthma.com)
  • The overall increase in IgE concentrations found in humans with red- cedar asthma (Frew 1995, Paggiaro 1987) indicates an overall sensitization of the immune system to a foreign substance. (reptilestar.com)
Paints8
  • Isocyanates are highly reactive chemicals that are used in many construction products, such as paints, glues, and spray polyurethane foams (SPF or spray foam insulation). (cpwr.com)
  • Latex gloves were not adequate protection for workers using isocyanate paints. (cdc.gov)
  • Isocyanates , commonly used in paints, coatings, spray-on polyurethane products, and building insulation materials, are the focus of a new National Emphasis Program by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (paintsquare.com)
  • De Vries TT, Bello D, Stowe MH, Harari H, Slade MD, Redlich CA. Transferability of aliphatic isocyanates from recently applied paints to the skin of auto body shop workers. (umassmed.edu)
  • Nanoparticles like zinc oxide are widely used in sunscreens, paints, textiles, and other products and can lead to accidental occupational inhalational exposure. (medscape.com)
  • Examples of substances that can result in asthma include acid anhydrides used in epoxy adhesives and paints. (medscape.com)
  • Isocyanates used in polyurethane paints and foam are commonly associated with asthma. (medscape.com)
  • Paints, varnishes and epoxy solvents now often contain a family of highly reactive chemicals known as isocyanates. (employeeshealth.com.au)
Diisocyanates5
  • The most commonly used diisocyanates include methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). (cdc.gov)
  • Your assistance will help prevent asthma and other respiratory disease in the 280,000 U.S. workers potentially exposed to diisocyanates. (cdc.gov)
  • In this report, diisocyanates as a group will be referred to as isocyanates. (cdc.gov)
  • Indirect methods using biological monitoring of coatings, diisocyanates have emerged as the most com- urine to determine the skin contribution to total exposure monly identi®ed cause of occupational asthma in developed have also been applied [Durham et al. (cdc.gov)
  • As for diisocyanates, toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is the most common isocyanate involved in the manufacture of polyurethane. (leafscore.com)
Workers exposed4
  • The findings of this study suggest that the serum VDBP level may be used as a serological marker for the detection of isocyanate-OA among workers exposed to isocyanate. (korea.ac.kr)
  • Respiratory disease among workers exposed to isocyanates has been recognized since the 1950s. (paintsquare.com)
  • Occupational Asthma Reference: Biomonitor Workers Exposed to 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate, Chem. (occupationalasthma.com)
  • In the UK, a management control system is required for workers exposed to isocyanates and for this to be successful workers should not become sensitized. (accas.info)
Exacerbate asthma1
  • This report takes the perspective that in order to reduce the incidence or worsening of asthma, the use reduction approach should be applied to all "asthma-related chemicals," those which could cause or exacerbate asthma, in adults and children. (cdc.gov)
Reactive chemicals1
  • According to their molecular weight these occupational agents are categorized into high-molecular-weight (HMW) agents (e.g. animal and plant proteins, flour and grain dust, latex, etc.) and low-molecular-weight (LMW) reactive chemicals (e.g. isocyanates, colophony, aldehydes, metal salts, etc. (peertechzpublications.com)
Toluene2
  • I suspect his symptoms are due to toluene diisocyanate or a similar isocyanate vapor. (cdc.gov)
  • The most common of these are toluene diisocyanate (TDI), methylene bisphenyl isocyanate (MDI), and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). (cdc.gov)
Symptoms16
  • Workers potentially exposed to isocyanates who experience persistent or recurring eye irritation, nasal congestion, dry or sore throat, cold-like symptoms, cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, or chest tightness should see a physician knowledgeable in work-related health problems. (cdc.gov)
  • A 39-year-old man hired by an auto parts manufacturer had been diagnosed with asthma six years earlier but never experienced any symptoms. (concentra.com)
  • What Are The First Symptoms Of Occupational Asthma & How Do You Test For It? (epainassist.com)
  • The GP will usually be able to diagnose asthma by asking about symptoms and carrying out some simple tests. (wales.nhs.uk)
  • Identifying and avoiding your asthma triggers can help you keep your symptoms under control. (wales.nhs.uk)
  • Unlike those with sensitizer-induced occupational asthma, subjects with irritant-induced occupational asthma do not develop work-related asthma symptoms after re-exposure to low concentrations of the irritant that initiated the symptoms. (mdwiki.org)
  • [2] Reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS) is a severe form of irritant induced asthma where respiratory symptoms usually develop in the minutes or hours after a single accidental inhalation of a high concentration of irritant gas, aerosol, vapor, or smoke. (mdwiki.org)
  • A number of diseases have symptoms that mimic occupational asthma, such as asthma due to nonoccupational causes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), irritable larynx syndrome, hyperventilation syndrome , hypersensitivity pneumonitis , and bronchiolitis obliterans . (mdwiki.org)
  • Symptoms may develop over many years as in sensitizer induced asthma or may occur after a single exposure to a high-concentration agent as in case of RADS. (mdwiki.org)
  • Apart from occupational asthma, airway irritation and asthma-like symptoms such as cough , wheezing and dyspnoea are commonly reported. (accas.info)
  • Only recently have we started to understand that the most known disinfectants might cause or even worsen asthma symptoms, as Dr. Harber explains. (thelastinghealth.com)
  • Sensitizer-induced OA was diagnosed by serial measurement of peak expiratory flow (PEF) at and away from work or by combination of serial PEF measurement at and away from work and non-specific bronchial provocation at and away from work in subjects with diagnosed asthma and work-relatedness of the symptoms. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Chemical irritation of the airway can result in the development of new onset asthma or worsening of prior symptoms of asthma. (medscape.com)
  • If you continue to exposure yourself you are likely to have troublesome continuing asthma symptoms. (hse.gov.uk)
  • [2] Asthma is classified according to the frequency of symptoms, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rate . (mdwiki.org)
  • [15] Some people with asthma rarely experience symptoms, usually in response to triggers, whereas others may react frequently and readily and experience persistent symptoms. (mdwiki.org)
Fumes8
  • these include isocyanates (e.g. as used by car paint sprayers), flour and grain dust, wood dust, solder fumes and laboratory animals. (who.int)
  • In addition to the ones listed, other work aspects cited in reports of occupational asthma include smoke and fumes, physical conditions such as poor ventilation, vapors and gases, and other unidentified substances. (concentra.com)
  • Two of the most common lung hazards resulting from breathing in the fumes thick with isocyanate are occupational asthma and airway passageways overgrowing with mucus. (tsmfg.com)
  • OA is a form of WRA induced by exposure to airborne dusts, vapors, or fumes in working environment, in subjects with or without pre-existing asthma. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • In reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS), which is nonallergenic, people with no history of asthma develop persistent, reversible airway obstruction after acute overexposure to irritant dust, fumes, or gas. (msdmanuals.com)
  • These fumes can cause occupational asthma, long term carcinogenic diseases and other serious complaints. (jorlink.com)
  • In addition, using flux containing resin produces solder fumes that, if inhaled, can result in occupational asthma or make existing asthmatic conditions worsen. (cleantekindia.com)
  • The fumes can also cause eye and upper respiratory tract irritation for workers.It is not expected that occasional soldering activities that take place within areas that are well ventilated or have additional local exhaust ventilation will pose an occupational hazard to the employee. (cleantekindia.com)
Chest tightness2
  • Frequently serious and sometimes fatal, occupational asthma is characterized by intermittent breathing difficulty that includes chest tightness, wheezing, coughing and shortness of breath. (paintsquare.com)
  • Asthma is characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing , shortness of breath , chest tightness , and coughing . (mdwiki.org)
Sensitizer-induced occupational asthma1
  • Sensitizer-induced occupational asthma is an immunologic form of asthma which occurs due to inhalation of specific substances (i.e., high-molecular-weight proteins from plants and animal origins, or low-molecular-weight agents that include chemicals, metals and wood dusts) and occurs after a latency period of several weeks to years. (mdwiki.org)
Airway3
  • This was reiterated recently by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) who declared that "the clinician must be aware of the potential occupational etiologies for obstructive airway disease and consider them in every patient with asthma or COPD" [ 4 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Астма Asthma is a disease of diffuse airway inflammation caused by a variety of triggering stimuli resulting in partially or completely reversible bronchoconstriction. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Airway inflammation persists even after removal of the acute irritant, and the syndrome is indistinguishable from asthma. (msdmanuals.com)
Respiratory disease5
  • This Alert summarizes four case reports: one death and several incidents of asthma or other respiratory disease following exposure to MDI during spray-on truck bed lining operations. (cdc.gov)
  • The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) requests assistance in preventing asthma, other respiratory disease, and death from diisocyanate exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • These same chemicals can also damage the respiratory tract, causing chronic respiratory disease, and asthma, and some studies have found an association between exposure to some wood dusts and oral cancers. (reptilestar.com)
  • Failure to treat these allergic reactions can prove fatal and cause respiratory disease and asthma attack. (wellnesskeen.com)
  • According to the CDC , such exposure can result in isocyanate-induced asthma, respiratory disease, and death. (leafscore.com)
Aliphatic isocyanates1
  • Methods Three auto body shops of different size which use different paint systems were examined for the presence of aliphatic isocyanates on environmental surfaces and workers' skin and for breakthrough of personal protective equipment. (cdc.gov)
Work-exacerbated asthma4
Inhalation4
Family of highly reactive1
  • Isocyanates are a family of highly reactive, low molecular weight chemicals. (cdc.gov)
Commonly3
  • Using the example of isocyanate induced asthma, the most commonly reported immune mediated occupational asthma, the authors developed a model based approach to evaluate the costs and benefits of surveillance from both an employer and a societal perspective. (bmj.com)
  • Foam insulations commonly contain toxic flame retardants, and spray foam contains asthma -causing isocyanates. (healthybuilding.net)
  • A commonly asked employer question is why other coworkers do not have similar complaints of occupational asthma (OA). (medscape.com)
Occur6
  • exposure may also occur through skin contact during the handling of liquid isocyanates. (cdc.gov)
  • Comorbidities - including chronic sinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux, sleep apnea, cardiac disease and psychiatric disease - frequently occur when individuals have asthma. (concentra.com)
  • Frequently, sensitisation and new-onset occupational asthma occur in the early period of exposure to high molecular weight (HMW) agents. (ersjournals.com)
  • Airborne monomer and oligomer isocyanates can occur together in product formulations, such as automotive clear coat finishes. (webvent.tv)
  • A number of other health conditions occur more frequently in people with asthma, including gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), rhinosinusitis , and obstructive sleep apnea . (mdwiki.org)
  • Cavities occur more often in people with asthma. (mdwiki.org)
Airborne1
  • The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has established 8-hour time-weighted averages (TWA) on the airborne concentrations of hazardous chemicals. (medscape.com)
Sensitisation1
19893
  • 1989]. However, exposure isocyanates were not available until recently when calori- characterization in auto body workers, particularly painters, metric sampling pads were developed. (cdc.gov)
  • From 1980 to 1989, the age-adjusted death rate for asthma as the underlying cause of death increased from 1.3 per 100 000 population to 1.9 per 100 000. (who.int)
  • Following exposure to red cedar or plicatic acid, a person with occupational asthma may have either an immediate, or a delayed reaction, or both (Malo 1989). (reptilestar.com)
Chronic4
  • Asthma is one of the commonest chronic diseases worldwide and is increasing in children and probably also in adults. (who.int)
  • Occupational and Environmental Contributions to Chronic Cough in Adults: Chest Expert Panel Report. (umassmed.edu)
  • 9 ]. Similar relationships exist for occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which typically occurs after long-term exposure and shows some overlap with work-related asthma [ 10 , 11 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Chromium, in particular, has an oxidising and corrosive action causing chronic ulcers and perforation of the nasal septum, a sensitising action causing chronic bronchitis and asthma, and a carcinogenic action responsible for lung cancer. (blsgroup.com)
Adhesives1
  • In her doctoral dissertation, R&D Manager Soilikki Kotanen is currently studying how polyurethane adhesives can be manufactured without isocyanate, using chemicals made from carbon dioxide. (kiilto.com)
Concentrations2
  • Exposure to these chemicals can be lethal when inhaled at high concentrations by sensitized subjects, can elicit hypersensitivity pneumonitis and accelerated lung function loss, and is considered one of the most frequently reported causes of occupational asthma (Lockey, J. E., et. (cdc.gov)
  • Isocyanates , for example, are not volatile, but spread together with aerosols in the form of dust in very high concentrations. (blsgroup.com)
Lung disease5
  • Occupational asthma is a type of lung disease characterized by reversible narrowing of the windpipes due to exposure to a particular substance in the. (epainassist.com)
  • It is an occupational lung disease and a type of work-related asthma . (mdwiki.org)
  • As of recent times, asthma has emerged as one of the most common forms of occupational lung disease. (nationalasthma.org.au)
  • Work-related asthma (WRA) is the most common work-related lung disease in the last decades, causing significant morbidity, disability and high costs [2]. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Occupational lung disease can result from inhalational exposure to minerals and dusts, microbes, animal and insect proteins, and chemicals and can have long-lasting effects even after the exposure ceases. (medscape.com)
Biological2
  • Reactivity of the isocyanate on the most soluble constituents with biological nucleophiles at the site of contact is the most important process affecting the hazard potential of the MDI substances in the body. (europa.eu)
  • Improvement Notice 310977167 issued as your employees are liable to be exposed to isocyanate vapours, a substance hazardous to health, and you have not placed those employees under suitable personal biological monitoring, giving rise to the risk of serious personal ill health, namely occupational asthma. (hse.gov.uk)
Sensitizers3
  • Atopic people and those who smoke may have an enhanced risk of problems if exposed to occupational sensitizers. (who.int)
  • They are respiratory and skin sensitizers and a major cause of occupational asthma in the UK. (accas.info)
  • More than 250 occupational sensitizers causing OA have been described. (peertechzpublications.com)
Lungs4
  • Asthma is a recurring disorder of the lungs that involves swelling of the airways. (epainassist.com)
  • Asthma is caused by swelling (inflammation) of the breathing tubes that carry air in and out of the lungs. (wales.nhs.uk)
  • The greatest risks are from inhaling vapours, fine droplets (aerosols) and dusts containing Isocyanates, as they irritate the linings of the nose, throat, lungs and eyes. (employeeshealth.com.au)
  • Asthma is a common long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs . (mdwiki.org)
NIOSH2
  • NIOSHTIC-2 is a searchable bibliographic database of occupational safety and health publications, documents, grant reports, and journal articles supported in whole or in part by NIOSH. (cdc.gov)
  • In another case, this one reported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), a man in his 20s went to work for a resin manufacturer. (concentra.com)
Potentially2
  • Accepted 27 October1999 occupationally or potentially exposed to isocyanates in ß 2000 Wiley-Liss,Inc. (cdc.gov)
  • This wide range of uses means that there are thousands of workers potentially exposed to isocyanates. (accas.info)
Pathogenesis3
  • In the present study, we evaluated the clinical relevance of VDBP as a serological marker in screening for isocyanate-OA among exposed workers and its role in the pathogenesis of isocyanate-OA. (korea.ac.kr)
  • WRA includes two distinct categories in regard to its pathogenesis and management: occupational asthma (OA) and work-exacerbated (WEA). (peertechzpublications.com)
  • It will also help the patient understand the pathogenesis of asthma and the value of allergen avoidance (NIH, NHLBI, 2007). (atrainceu.com)
Vapours1
  • People exposed to Isocyanates at work are at greater risk of developing respiratory problems, such as asthma, if they breathe in isocyanate vapours or droplets of resin spray. (employeeshealth.com.au)
Hazardous4
  • This HSE Guide/Information sheet will help employers, the selfemployed and franchisees to comply with the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (CoSHH), as amended, to control exposure to Isocyanates and protect workers' health. (levcentral.com)
  • even with the improvement of the job must be conservative's injection foam material is exposed to isocyanates be included in the list of hard and hazardous jobs. (waocp.com)
  • Few occupational exposure limits exist specifically for nanomaterials and certain nanoparticles may be more hazardous than larger particles of the same substance. (medscape.com)
  • All isocyanates are hazardous substances and require care when handling. (employeeshealth.com.au)
Monomers1
  • Polymethylene polyphenylene isocyanate (PPI), is a polyurea-based polymer derived from isocyanate monomers that is used in some glues, aerosol foams, plastics, paint and household products. (wikipedia.org)
Spray painters2
  • 1990]. A number of studies have described cases of However, little has been reported in the literature on surface asthma in auto body spray painters [Cockcroft and Mink, and skin contamination by isocyanates in auto body shops. (cdc.gov)
  • For all automotive body repair employers and paint and panel workshops, there is a WorkSafe responsibility to initiate an isocyanate Health Surveillance program to minimise the risk of permanent health damage to their spray painters. (employeeshealth.com.au)
Foam insulation1
  • The chemicals used in polyurethane foam insulation are known to cause occupational asthma, most predominantly due to the chemical, isocyanate. (wellnesskeen.com)
Diseases4
Chemicals that cause1
  • Isocyanates are the chemicals that cause curing agents in hardeners to activate. (tsmfg.com)
Immune mediated1
  • There two types of occupational asthma-one has an immune-mediated mechanism of action and the other a nonimmune-mediated mechanism. (msdmanuals.com)
Inflammation1
  • Asthma-related inflammation causes excessive mucus production within the airways, which. (epainassist.com)
Health28
  • Preventing exposure to isocyanates is a critical step in eliminating the health hazard. (cdc.gov)
  • Collects the past 14 years of isocyanate-related Health Hazard Evaluations in a concise format for easy reference and examination. (cdc.gov)
  • However, this report includes formaldehyde because the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) currently refers to formaldehyde as a sensitizing agent, and notes that it can cause "allergic reactions" and "asthma-like respiratory problems. (cdc.gov)
  • Conclusions: This work-related fatality investigation demonstrates the need for isocyanate manufacturers/formulators to inform end users of their products of appropriate health and safety work practices associated with new technologies. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, health care providers need more education and assistance to recognize and manage work-related asthma. (cdc.gov)
  • The current Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limit (PEL) for TDI is 0.02 part per million parts of air (0.02 ppm), or 0.14 milligram per cubic meter of air (0.14 mg/m3) as a ceiling limit [29 CFR* 1910.1000]. (cdc.gov)
  • Printed materials for training and hazard communication are an essential part of occupational safety and health programs, but they must be accessible to their intended audience. (cpwr.com)
  • Evaluating the readability and suitability of construction occupational safety and health materials designed for workers appeared in the American Journal of Industrial Medicine . (cpwr.com)
  • However, its manufacturing process requires isocyanates, exposure to which creates a health hazard that can result in occupational asthma. (kiilto.com)
  • 2,3 This young man, in good health at the start, developed asthma two years into his job. (concentra.com)
  • The following tables show occupations that are known to be at risk for occupational asthma, the main reference for these is the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety. (mdwiki.org)
  • This short HSE Guide/Information leaflet describes specialist advice on health surveillance for occupational skin disease, which includes dermatitis. (levcentral.com)
  • What leads us to our topic of discussion is the presence of isocyanates in Side A which is harmful to our health. (wellnesskeen.com)
  • Health surveillance that detects occupational asthma is recording failure - there needs to be intervention earlier in the exposure-to-disease paradigm. (accas.info)
  • But for those affected by work- related asthma, their best hope lies in quick access to health care and support services. (nationalasthma.org.au)
  • Occupational asthma (OA) became an important public health problem worldwide in the last few decades. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • International Congress of Occupational Health. (nshealth.ca)
  • Allergy and Immunotoxicology in Occupational Health is a valuable resource for professionals and researchers in the occupational health sector, who will discover novel insights into immune effects, providing a foundation for future considerations of the health impairments caused by environmental and occupational exposure to these substances. (nshealth.ca)
  • Employees Health provide onsite isocyanate health monitoring all around Australia. (employeeshealth.com.au)
  • What is involved in Health Surveillance for Isocyanates? (employeeshealth.com.au)
  • Isocyanate Health Monitoring - How Often? (employeeshealth.com.au)
  • There are serious health effects associated with occupational exposure to isocyanates. (employeeshealth.com.au)
  • Dr Mark Piney Occupational health surveillance. (hse.gov.uk)
  • should be under occupational health surveillance. (hse.gov.uk)
  • What's your views on what's good occupational health surveillance can you give me an example of where it's worked. (hse.gov.uk)
  • Dr David Fishwick Occupational health surveillance is very important for watching groups of workers who may be exposed to agents that cause asthma. (hse.gov.uk)
  • For those for those who are unaware about what occupational health surveillance is it maybe a nurse or a doctor seeing each individual within a workforce. (hse.gov.uk)
  • We implemented our method on 457 CEQTs for association with family history of diabetes, asthma, and coronary heart disease (CHD) in 42,940 adults spanning 8 waves of the 1999-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). (cdc.gov)
Painters3
  • Some painters exposed to PPI and related isocyanate chemicals have developed occupational asthma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Results Environmental surfaces such as painters' workbenches, spray equipment, and cleaning tools were found contaminated with isocyanates. (cdc.gov)
  • Isocyanates are increasingly used in protective coatings for the automobile industry, putting those painters at risk, according to OSHA. (paintsquare.com)
Allergy2
  • Engineered Nanomaterials and Occupational Allergy -- 4. (nshealth.ca)
  • And prawn meat itself can cause an allergy and asthma. (hse.gov.uk)
Substances2
  • The fuel contained pulverized phthalic anhydride and anhydrous maleic anhydride, two substances that have been documented as linked to asthma. (concentra.com)
  • Breathing in substances called respiratory sensitisers at work can cause occupational asthma. (aixuebb.com)
Diagnosis3
  • The development of a serological marker for early diagnosis of isocyanate-induced occupational asthma (isocyanate-OA) may improve clinical outcome. (korea.ac.kr)
  • A stepwise approach is taken for the long-term management of asthma after confirming the diagnosis and assessing the severity of disease [NHLBI 2007, GINA 2011]. (cdc.gov)
  • The motivation for the Task Force was therefore to produce guidelines to facilitate early diagnosis, enabling a swift response to prevent new causes of work-related asthma occurring in the future and to make improvements in the management, preventative measures, regulations and compensation. (ersjournals.com)
Exposure Limits1
Truck bedliner3
  • This poster provides helpful tips on protecting workers from the hazards of isocyanate exposure during spray-on truck bedliner applications. (cdc.gov)
  • Asthma death after spraying polyurethane truck bedliner. (cdc.gov)
  • In 2003, a male in his mid-40s died of an acute asthmatic reaction approximately 1 hr after he sprayed the inside of a cargo van with an isocyanate-containing truck bedliner. (cdc.gov)
Insulation2
  • Appliance manufacturing boom is very high hand customers always have a great deal of attention to products that have low energy consumption, therefore the use of isocyanates MDI as a thermal insulation in the body of the refrigerator and is also widely used as a binder in the production of washing machines. (waocp.com)
  • Plus, so many spray-in-place insulation products might lead to asthma, if the exposure isn't properly controlled. (thelastinghealth.com)
Formaldehyde2
  • The standard scientific references on occupational asthma include formaldehyde in a discussion of chemicals that can cause occupational asthma although the asthma incidence rate has not been determined and the mechanism of induction may not be known. (cdc.gov)
  • Those of highest concern include halogenated flame retardants, formaldehyde-based binders, and isocyanates reacting on site. (healthybuilding.net)