DiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHumanitiesInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Cohort StudiesProspective StudiesRisk FactorsObservational Study as TopicObservationFollow-Up StudiesRetrospective StudiesIncidenceTreatment OutcomeProportional Hazards ModelsTime FactorsRisk AssessmentLongitudinal StudiesUnited StatesAge FactorsQuestionnairesCase-Control StudiesRiskOdds RatioMultivariate AnalysisLogistic ModelsInfant, NewbornPregnancyPrevalencePrognosisSeverity of Illness IndexPredictive Value of TestsSex FactorsRegression AnalysisConfidence IntervalsCardiovascular DiseasesBody Mass IndexRegistriesCross-Sectional StudiesComorbidityJapanDenmarkBiological MarkersSmokingHospitalizationEpidemiologic MethodsStrokeCaliforniaGreat BritainTaiwanConfounding Factors (Epidemiology)Chi-Square DistributionKaplan-Meier EstimateRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicFinlandCause of DeathNeoplasmsSurvival AnalysisLinear ModelsDietSurvival RateAge DistributionSwedenDisease ProgressionIowaSocioeconomic FactorsReproducibility of ResultsNetherlandsHIV InfectionsSex DistributionPostmenopauseIntensive Care UnitsBreast NeoplasmsDatabases, FactualEstrogen Replacement TherapyGenotypeResearch DesignMortalityEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Sensitivity and SpecificityChronic DiseasePolymorphism, Single NucleotideBirth WeightObesityROC CurveWomen's HealthSpainCritical IllnessAlcohol DrinkingOutcome Assessment (Health Care)EuropeQuality of LifeSurvivorsRecurrenceHealth StatusOccupational DiseasesDiabetes MellitusMyocardial InfarctionIsraelLife StyleStatistics, NonparametricGenetic Predisposition to DiseasePatient SelectionProstatic Neoplasms
LongitudinalMethodsRetrospective cohorClinicalEPIDEMIOLOGYOutcomesProspective StudiesConclusionsMortalityOutcomeNursesPatientsHumansDesignQuantitativeAnalyzeParticipantsNeonatalHospitalDataHealthcareChronicPublicationAssessProgressionSystematic ReviewResearchRiskDeterminantsSettingSensitivityExcessGroupResultsLargestIdentifyDesignsYearsTrialResources
Longitudinal4
  • Background Enroll-HD is a global, observational, longitudinal study that combines two existing Huntington's disease (HD) observational studies, "REGISTRY" conducted in Europe and "COHORT" in North America and Australia. (bmj.com)
  • Design Observational longitudinal cohort study. (bmj.com)
  • However, prolonged MSUM races offer the best opportunity to study physical adaptation and the associations of the physiological parameters of athletes in a longitudinal setting day by day. (biomedcentral.com)
  • METHODS: In a longitudinal cohort study of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, we investigated the protection from symptomatic and asymptomatic polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection conferred by vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2, Oxford-AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 nCOV-19) and prior infection (determined using anti-spike antibody status), using Poisson regression adjusted for age, sex, temporal changes in incidence and role. (ox.ac.uk)
Methods13
  • Methods Using data from one of Nepal's largest population-based retrospective cohort studies (in Kathmandu, Nepal), we followed a total of 3191 HIV-infected people aged 15 years and older who received ART over the period of 2004-2015. (bmj.com)
  • Understanding the research methods used in the studies that guide best practice are necessary for nurses to be able to adequately interpret results and fully understand how the knowledge translates to practice. (ukessays.com)
  • Strengths and limitations of observational research are included at the end of the literature review, along with a comparison to other research methods. (ukessays.com)
  • Observational research has its roots in the naturalistic observational methods of naturalists who study nonhuman animals or ethnographers who study human behavior (Brandes, 2008). (ukessays.com)
  • Methods: After IRB approval, eight patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder procedures were recruited into this prospective cohort study. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Meanwhile, the increasingly accessible results from whole genome sequencing reporting on clinically actionable genetic biomarkers are yet to be fully integrated into the clinical care pathway.Methods and analysisA prospective observational cohort study of up to 200 participants is planned, recruiting adults with primary or secondary liver cancer being considered for liver resection at Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Methods and analysis The Predicting Post-Discharge Mortality study is a prospective, observational study being conducted at Muhimbili National Hospital (Dar es Salaam, Tanzania) and John F. Kennedy Medical Center (Monrovia, Liberia). (bmj.com)
  • Methods and Results-In a nationwide, prospective, multicenter cohort study (Swiss Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Registry, NCT01368250), outcomes of consecutive transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation patients treated with the Sapien 3 THV (S3) versus the Sapien XT THV (XT) were investigated. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This study compares the sensitivity and false discovery rates of three methods of fall detection: the current gold standard, prospective paper fall calendars, real-time self-reporting and automated detection, the latter two from a novel body-worn device. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Methods: This study used information collected by the prospective, nationwide, Utstein registry to examine data from 352,689 adult patients who experienced OHCA from 2012 to 2016 in Japan. (elsevierpure.com)
  • MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety women with generalized chronic periodontitis, aged 45-70 years, were studied. (who.int)
  • Methods: This was a multi-centre retrospective cohort study that included all laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases with definitive outcomes in Saudi Arabia during March 2020. (who.int)
  • To facilitate further discussion, we list side by side the recommendations for action that emerged from the NCI and NHLBI processes and group them into seven thematic areas: leadership, resources, cohorts, methods, workforce, integration, and evaluation (Table 1). (cdc.gov)
Retrospective cohor1
  • We performed a retrospective cohort study of 87 infants treated for NAS and evaluated at 2 years of age. (nature.com)
Clinical2
  • Both sets of recommendations highlight epidemiology cohorts as a tool for clinical and population research. (cdc.gov)
  • Both sets of recommendations suggest embedding, when appropriate, experimental designs such as randomized clinical trials in already assembled cohorts. (cdc.gov)
EPIDEMIOLOGY1
  • Epidemiology , the study of the distribution and determinants of human disease in populations, is a foundational science of public health and provides important insights for medical practice and disease prevention. (cdc.gov)
Outcomes4
  • The purpose of this study was to describe patient defecation status after intensive care unit (ICU) admission and determine the association of early-onset constipation and diarrhea after ICU admission with outcomes for critically ill ventilated patients. (researchsquare.com)
  • The term cohort has a military root and consists of bands or groups of people marching forward in time from an exposure to one or more outcomes (Grimes & Schulz, 2002). (ukessays.com)
  • There are few prospective paediatric perioperative outcomes studies, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). (smu.ac.za)
  • These findings should be used to develop strategies to improve paediatric surgical outcomes in LMICs, and support the need for larger prospective, observational paediatric surgical outcomes research in LMICs. (smu.ac.za)
Prospective Studies1
Conclusions1
  • Conclusions: Although larger studies are required to determine the true incidence of vocal cord paresis following US-guided IBPB, our results suggest that incidence of unwanted nerve blockade other than brachial plexus is much lower than that previously described. (elsevierpure.com)
Mortality1
Outcome2
  • Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the defecation status during the first week after ICU admission and to clarify the association of constipation and diarrhea in the early stage of ICU admission with the outcome for critically ill patients. (researchsquare.com)
  • Multimodal hypersensitivity derived from quantitative sensory testing predicts pelvic pain outcome: an observational cohort study. (medscape.com)
Nurses4
  • Nurses are increasingly expected to understand and conduct research and engage in disciplined studies benefiting nursing and its patients (Polit & Beck, 2017). (ukessays.com)
  • Research findings from rigorous studies provide strong evidence for informing nurses' decisions and actions and nurses are accepting the need to base specific actions on research evidence (Polit & Beck, 2017). (ukessays.com)
  • Factors associated with lift equipment use during patient lift s and transfers by hospital nurses and nursing care assistants: a prospective observational cohort study. (cdc.gov)
  • The two Institutes have heavily invested in the creation and follow-up of large population cohort studies (such as the Nurses' Health Study and the Framingham Heart Study ) that have been used to study both cancer and cardiovascular disease with an enormous scientific output over many decades. (cdc.gov)
Patients9
  • In a prospective observational cohort study, PD patients and immunocompetent medical personnel were evaluated for SARS-CoV-2 spike-IgG- and Nucleocapsid-IgG-antibody-levels before, 2 weeks after the first, and 6 weeks after the second SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and vaccine tolerability after the first and second vaccination. (nih.gov)
  • Vaccination appeared to be safe in the PD patients studied. (nih.gov)
  • The primary aim was to identify significant spectral peaks of change in sera from cancer patients and the secondary aim was to assign molecular species at Raman peaks.In this prospective observation study of a secondary care RDC, patients referred with vague cancer-related symptoms were recruited. (swan.ac.uk)
  • Our group has employed advanced molecular imaging techniques in patients with large-vessel vasculitis to study whether serial imaging has diagnostic and prognostic value in addition to monitoring utility. (nih.gov)
  • Prognostic factors for high societal costs: a register-based study on 561,665 patients with shoulder disorders. (medscape.com)
  • Relationship, differences, and agreement between objective and subjective sleep measures in chronic spinal pain patients with comorbid insomnia: a cross-sectional study. (medscape.com)
  • The aim of the study was to investigate the distribution of Candida species isolated from urine specimens of hospitalized patients in Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey, as well as their susceptibilities to antifungal agents. (who.int)
  • A total of 100 patients who had nosocomial candiduria between March 2003 and May 2004 at the facility were included in the study. (who.int)
  • Aims: This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with poor prognosis among COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia. (who.int)
Humans1
  • The aim of this study was to assess the wide spectrum of adaptive responses in humans regarding the different tissues, organs and functional systems being exposed to such chronic physical endurance load with limited time for regeneration and resulting negative energy balance. (biomedcentral.com)
Design1
  • The purpose of this literature review is to fully discuss the nonexperimental study design using the existing literature on methodologies. (ukessays.com)
Quantitative3
  • Along side, "Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences: Research designs" by P.E. Spector (1981), the most relevant observational research method articles and books were included in this literature review. (ukessays.com)
  • Precision medicine for liver tumours with quantitative MRI and whole genome sequencing (Precision1 trial): study protocol for observational cohort study. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Participants will be offered an additional non-invasive quantitative MRI scan prior to the operation and the impact of the imaging results on treatment decision-making will be evaluated.Ethics and disseminationThis study was reviewed by the NHS Health Research Authority and given favourable opinion by the Brighton and Sussex Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 20/PR/0222). (ox.ac.uk)
Analyze2
  • Studies span different gestational ages, analyze single or pooled samples and use a variety of techniques to determine macronutrient content. (nature.com)
  • The main objective of this three-year research project is to analyze the cohorts of FDNY firefighters and EMS workers, both WTC-exposed and non-WTC exposed in order to compare cancer incidence by WTC-exposure status during the early post-9/11 years. (cdc.gov)
Participants6
  • Participants Participants from the original Echocardiographic Heart of England Screening (ECHOES) study were invited to attend for rescreening. (bmj.com)
  • Results 1618 of 3408 participants underwent screening which represented 47% of survivors and 26% of the original ECHOES cohort. (bmj.com)
  • Sixty-eight out of 1232 (5.5%, 95% CI 4.3% to 6.9%) participants who were recruited from the general population over the age of 45 and did not have heart failure in the original study, had heart failure on rescreening. (bmj.com)
  • Forty-four study volunteers (67% of the participants) were cluster randomized into two groups for MRI measurements (22 subjects each) according to the project protocol with its different research modules: musculoskeletal system, brain and pain perception, cardiovascular system, body composition, and oxidative stress and inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These studies are considered nonexperimental because they don't involve a random assignment of participants to group or have an active introduction or manipulation of an intervention by the researcher (Cook & Cook, 2008). (ukessays.com)
  • Its membership has increased over time and currently includes more than 50 cohorts that involve more than 7 million study participants. (cdc.gov)
Neonatal2
  • A cohort comparison of buprenorphine versus methadone treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome. (nature.com)
  • Lactating mothers and their VPI (delivery at or before 32 0 weeks of gestation) admitted to the Neonatal Unit between January 2018 and January 2020 were consecutively approached for inclusion in the study when milk production exceeded enteral feeding requirements. (nature.com)
Hospital1
  • Ethics and dissemination This study received ethical clearance from the Tanzania National Institute of Medical Research, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, the John F. Kennedy Medical Center Institutional Review Board, and the Boston Children's Hospital Institutional Review Board. (bmj.com)
Data4
  • Enroll-HD will also include new sites in Latin America and Asia to establish one comprehensive observational study collecting a common data set across all sites. (bmj.com)
  • Generally, when using observational research, many more observations or data points than typical experimental approaches are used but may not all be able to be studied (Brandes, 2008). (ukessays.com)
  • From these efforts, we have published some of the only observational cohort data in relapsing polychondritis. (nih.gov)
  • Both also called for processes to facilitate sharing and pooling of data among cohorts. (cdc.gov)
Healthcare1
  • An Observational Cohort Study on the Incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection and B.1.1.7 Variant Infection in Healthcare Workers by Antibody and Vaccination Status. (ox.ac.uk)
Chronic1
  • Mediators of the association between childhood trauma and pain sensitivity in adulthood: a Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain Research Network analysis. (medscape.com)
Publication1
  • This journal is the official publication of the International Association for the Study of Pain and publishes original research on the nature, mechanisms and treatment of pain. (medscape.com)
Assess2
  • The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of serum Raman spectroscopy for cancer detection in a rapid diagnosis center (RDC) setting. (swan.ac.uk)
  • Such studies can rely on economies of scale to quickly assess hypotheses raised in the observational setting. (cdc.gov)
Progression1
  • Objectives Rescreen a large community cohort to examine the progression to heart failure over time and the role of natriuretic peptide testing in screening. (bmj.com)
Systematic Review1
  • A systematic review of genome-wide association studies for pain, nociception, neuropathy, and pain treatment responses. (medscape.com)
Research4
  • Articles pertaining directly to retrospective and cohort designs were included, however articles using observational research of any sort as a method of specific study were excluded. (ukessays.com)
  • The literature is organized in a way that discusses observational research broadly, and then more narrowly to its subsets of retrospective and cohort designs. (ukessays.com)
  • The use of observational research of various kinds can be found in all the social sciences and in fields that range from business to biology (Brandes, 2008). (ukessays.com)
  • Yet, epidemiologic research continues to attract criticism, including " excess expense, repudiated findings, studies that offer small incremental knowledge, inability to innovate at reasonable cost, and failure to identify research questions with the greatest merit . (cdc.gov)
Risk2
  • Ornoy A. The impact of intrauterine exposure versus postnatal environment in neurodevelopmental toxicity: long-term neurobehavioral studies in children at risk for developmental disorders. (nature.com)
  • Variations (polymorphisms) in the SLC6A3 gene have been studied as possible risk factors for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). (medlineplus.gov)
Determinants1
  • This study assesses the disparities in survival, life expectancy and determinants of survival among HIV-infected people receiving ART. (bmj.com)
Setting1
  • The invisible cost of pain management by the current International Classification of Diseases coding system: a study in a tertiary care inpatient setting. (medscape.com)
Sensitivity1
  • No effect of social interaction on experimental pain sensitivity: a randomized experimental study. (medscape.com)
Excess1
  • We reported a modest excess of cancer cases in the WTC-exposed cohort compared with the US population. (cdc.gov)
Group2
  • Our group recently established the largest prospective cohort of relapsing polychondritis. (nih.gov)
  • As in any observational study, we cannot rule out the possibility that effects in the exposed group might be due to unidentified confounders. (cdc.gov)
Results1
  • Although the study is conducted in occupationally exposed responders, the results will be relevant to other individuals exposed to the WTC attacks. (cdc.gov)
Largest1
  • The study represents a rescreen of one of the largest well-phenotyped cohorts screened for heart failure in the world. (bmj.com)
Identify1
  • This study aimed to identify psychological and neuroimaging metrics collected before acupuncture treatment that might determine acupuncture efficacy in knee osteoarthritis. (medscape.com)
Designs1
  • Nonexperimental or observational designs manipulate variables that could normally not be manipulated ethically and explore causal relationships when experimental work is not possible (Polit & Beck, 2017). (ukessays.com)
Years1
  • The study cohort contributed 8484.8 person years, with an overall survival rate of 3.3 per 100 person years (95% CI 3.0 to 3.7). (bmj.com)
Trial1
  • This study demonstrates the feasibility of conducting a trial based centrally on mobile MR-measurements which were performed during ten weeks while crossing an entire continent. (biomedcentral.com)
Resources1
  • This recommendation is important to avoid unnecessary scientific dead ends and to maximize the value of the cohort resources. (cdc.gov)