• Amitosis (a- + mitosis), also called karyostenosis, direct cell division or binary fission, is cell proliferation that does not occur by mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rather, it effects nuclear proliferation without the involvement of chromosomes, unsettling for cell biologists who have come to rely on the mitotic figure as reassurance that chromatin is being equally distributed into daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The phenomenon of amitosis, even though it is an accepted as occurring in ciliates, continues to meet with skepticism about its role in mammalian cell proliferation, perhaps because it lacks the reassuring iconography of mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • A thorough examination of the literature not only validates the involvement of amitosis in cell proliferation but also explores diverse amitotic mechanisms that generate "progeny nuclei" without relying on "mitotic chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additional examples of non-mitotic proliferation, and important insights into underlying mechanisms, have resulted from extensive work with polyploid cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Both agents concomitantly induced a series of changes in the CBS cells that influence proliferation and differentiation, but cellular responses to the two agents were not identical. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Infection of bovine leukocytes by the apicomplexan parasite Theileria annulata results in alteration of host cell gene expression and stimulation of host cell proliferation. (lookformedical.com)
  • Interestingly, stimulation of CysLT1R located in the nuclei induced the activation of ERK1/2, an enzyme which have been shown to mediate LTD4 induced proliferation. (lu.se)
  • Each cell is programmed for a certain number of cell divisions and at the end of that time proliferation halts. (lookformedical.com)
  • Microarray analysis reveals that inhibition of Notch signalling causes downregulation of stem cell-associated genes in parallel with decreased proliferation and increased numbers of ciliated cells and that organoids also respond to oestradiol and progesterone treatment in a physiological manner. (nature.com)
  • In addition, previous studies have shown that lysosomes may play important roles in cancer development and progression through the abovementioned biological processes and that the functional status and spatial distribution of lysosomes are closely related to cancer cell proliferation, energy metabolism, invasion and metastasis, immune escape and tumor-associated angiogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Comparing HESC controls with HESCs deficient in SRC-3, gene enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed gene set revealed an overrepresentation of genes involved in chromatin remodeling, cell proliferation/motility, and programmed cell death. (frontiersin.org)
  • These data show that the N-terminal GEF homology domain serves to inhibit the transforming effects of Sbf1, possibly sequestering the protein to the cytoplasm, and suggest that this region may be a modulatory domain that relays growth control signals. (wikigenes.org)
  • How do nuclei maintain independent cell cycle stages within a common cytoplasm? (iu.edu)
  • Bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis showed that SAD1 interacts with all four E3 ubiquitin ligases in plant cells in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. (rwth-aachen.de)
  • Histologically, ALCL is characterized by sheets of large pleomorphic cells with abundant cytoplasm, horseshoe- or wreath-shaped nuclei, and multiple prominent nucleoli. (medscape.com)
  • A couple of decades of research has shown that polyploid cells are frequently "reduced" to diploid cells by amitosis (Zybina et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • For instance, naturally occurring polyploid placental cells have been shown capable of producing nuclei with diploid or near-diploid complements of DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, Zybina and her colleagues have demonstrated that such nuclei, derived from polyploid placental cells, receive one or more copies of a microscopically identifiable region of the chromatin, demonstrating that even without the reassuring iconography of identical chromosomes being distributed into "identical" daughter cells, this particular amitotic process results in representative transmission of chromatin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studying rat polyploid trophoblasts, this research group has shown that the nuclear envelope of the giant nucleus is involved in this subdivision of a highly polyploid nucleus into low-ploidy nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
  • Polyploid cells are also at the heart of experiments to determine how some cells may survive chemotherapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • In a src-transformed 3Y1 cell line, as well as other cell lines, giant cells containing polyploid nuclei with DNA contents of 16C to 32C were produced by continuous treatment with K-252a, indicating that the agent induced several rounds of the incomplete cell cycle without mitosis. (rupress.org)
  • The transport of serum amino acids into cells is an active process that is facilitated by plasma membrane-localized amino acid transporters. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Furthermore, we observed that CysLT1R is located in the plasma membrane and in the outer nuclei membrane. (lu.se)
  • Lysosomes are an important component of the inner membrane system and participate in numerous cell biological processes, such as macromolecular degradation, antigen presentation, intracellular pathogen destruction, plasma membrane repair, exosome release, cell adhesion/migration and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 5) Lysosomes can also fuse with the plasma membrane to mediate membrane repair or discharge contents outside the cell, such as cathepsins or immune factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human cells have a surface membrane (called the cell membrane) that holds the contents together. (msdmanuals.com)
  • However, this membrane is not just a sac, it is an active participant in the life of a cell. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The membrane controls what chemicals and other substances can enter and leave the cell. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The membrane also has receptors that identify the cell to other cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)
  • The results showed that chaperonin containing tailless complex polypeptide the large number of proteins involved, the complex relationship between proteins and the lack of research on the effects of movement and cell protein folding and degradation. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Within the cell nucleus, DNA is wrapped around proteins called histones, forming a densely packed structure known as chromatin. (mit.edu)
  • Available online 25 January 2010 peaks have been linked to a dipolar flip-flop polarization transfer from 1H nuclei to rapidly relaxing amide 14N nuclei in rotationally immobilized proteins. (lu.se)
  • Although the LAT family plays important roles in the development and function of normal tissues, they are frequently increased in cancer cells ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Tissues and Organs Tissues are related cells that are joined together. (msdmanuals.com)
  • genic models are inadequate for number of activated CD8-positive T LMP1 was strongly expressed in the understanding the cancer etiology in cells increased considerably in the lymphoma tissues but was hardly the context of natural viral infection. (who.int)
  • The stem cells suits human needs, does not cause harm and can be obtained from both adult and fetal does not conflict with religious beliefs, it has tissues, umbilical cord and early embryos. (who.int)
  • and a basal layer of cuboidal cells. (wikidot.com)
  • [ 5 , 6 ] In a localized primary infection, the virus penetrates the mucosal epithelium and invades the cells of the basal layer, where the viral DNA inserts into the host DNA. (medscape.com)
  • Here we profile 65,309 single-nucleus transcriptomes from 30 frontal cortex and choroid plexus samples across 14 control individuals (including 1 patient with terminal influenza) and 8 patients with COVID-19. (nature.com)
  • This is a collection of single cell and single nucleus combinatorial indexing-based RNA-seq data covering 4 million cells from 15 organs obtained during mid-gestation. (ucsc.edu)
  • This compound interacts with specific receptors in the skin cells, particularly in the nucleus, initiating a cascade of intracellular events. (dewlabbeauty.com)
  • Recent studies suggest that brain cell type specific intracellular environments may play important roles in the generation of structurally different protein aggregates that define neurodegenerative diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Importantly, we discovered that aSYN protein aggregation is modulated by patient brain cells' intracellular milieus at the primary nucleation phase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, there is no data that indicates if and how patient-specific brain cells' intracellular milieus modulate protein aggregation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we studied changes in intracellular environment of PD patients' brain cells and how they modulate aSYN protein aggregation, using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) and biochemical methods combined with infrared spectroscopy technique. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Notably, we performed a Thioflavin T (ThT)-based fluorescence assay to examine the effect of patient genome-induced changes in brain cells intracellular milieu on aggregation of recombinant p.A53T aSYN monomers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For the intracellular metabolomic analysis, cells were quickly washed three instances with PBS to remove contaminations from the metabolites in the press. (immune-source.com)
  • Differential cell surface marker expression and divergent responses to differentiation conditions suggest that the NP subtypes may correspond to distinct maturation stages and represent distinct NP cell subpopulations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The presence of 'stem cell-like' cells has previously been postulated based on sphere-forming capacity and differentiation in vitro 1 and evidence for the presence of label-retaining cells in the distal fallopian tube 2 . (nature.com)
  • Our data reveal a significant overlap between Notch-dependent genes in the fallopian epithelium and the defined 'stem cell signature' of the mouse intestine, suggesting the existence of a conserved pathway that regulates tissue renewal and directly controls cell fate specification and differentiation in the organoid by inhibiting cilliogenesis. (nature.com)
  • Relatively little is known about cellular subpopulations in the mature nucleus pulposus (NP). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Detailed understanding of the ontogenetic, cellular and molecular characteristics of functional intervertebral disc (IVD) cell populations is pivotal to the successful development of cell replacement therapies and IVD regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we report the generation of clonal NP cell lines from nondegenerate human IVD tissue and present a detailed characterization of NP cellular subpopulations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Successful development of cell replacement therapies and IVD regeneration is crucially dependent on an in-depth understanding of cellular and molecular characteristics of the functional IVD. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although our systematic analysis yields no molecular traces of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain, we observe broad cellular perturbations indicating that barrier cells of the choroid plexus sense and relay peripheral inflammation into the brain and show that peripheral T cells infiltrate the parenchyma. (nature.com)
  • As it projects a long dorsally directed cellular extension, the cap cell reorients the dendrite of the v'ch1 neuron and tows its cell body dorsally. (biologists.com)
  • One approach is to binarize images of stained cellular structures to define cell boundaries. (readthedocs.io)
  • The advantage of using nuclei is that it will result in a more accurate number of cells since it is not as prone to over-segmentation artifacts as using the distance transform and nuclear stains are usually more robust than cellular stains. (readthedocs.io)
  • The Incucyte ® Live-Cell Analysis System delivers flexible kinetic quantification of biological phenotypes to monitor growth, motility, morphology, and cellular function. (news-medical.net)
  • The field of the subject invention is the use of major histocompatibility complex antigen lacking cells and organs which may serve as universal donors in cellular and organ therapies including transplantation and to produce chimeric non-human mammals. (justia.com)
  • Overall, our pioneering findings demonstrate that cells dynamically respond to disease-relevant changes in their environment by altering their rRNA pseudouridylation profiles, with consequences for ribosome function and the cellular proteome relevant to human disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • We previously demonstrated the critical involvement of SRC-2 in murine embryo implantation as well as in human endometrial stromal cell (HESC) decidualization, a cellular transformation process required for trophoblast invasion and ultimately placentation. (frontiersin.org)
  • These molecular findings are supported at the cellular level by the inability of HESCs to morphologically transform from a stromal fibroblastoid cell to an epithelioid decidual cell when endogenous SRC-3 levels are markedly reduced. (frontiersin.org)
  • Moreover, endogenous NLRC5 localized to the nucleus and occupied the proximal promoter region of H-2 genes. (unige.ch)
  • Chen and Wan not only reported amitosis in rat liver but also proposed a four-stage amitotic process wherein chromatin threads are replicated and equally apportioned to daughter cells as the nucleus divides. (wikipedia.org)
  • And each time a cell divides, chemical marks allow a cell to restore its 3D folding of its genome. (mit.edu)
  • This cell, the zygote, divides many times, and as it divides, the descendant cells develop different characteristics and functions. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Abcam is leading the way in addressing this with our range of recombinant monoclonal antibodies and knockout edited cell lines for gold-standard validation. (abcam.cn)
  • ALCL was recognized in 1985, when tumor cells consistently demonstrated labeling by the monoclonal antibody Ki-1, a marker later shown to recognize the CD30 antigen. (medscape.com)
  • Here it is shown that a subset of juvenile polyposis families carry germ line mutations in the gene SMAD4 (also known as DPC4), located on chromosome 18q21.1, that encodes a critical cytoplasmic mediator in the transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathway. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ESE-1 initiates transformation of MCF-12A cells via a non-transcriptional, cytoplasmic process that is mediated by a unique 40-amino acid serine and aspartic acid rich (SAR) subdomain, whereas, ESE-1's nuclear transcriptional property is required to maintain the transformed phenotype of MCF7, ZR-75-1 and T47D breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, we show that exclusive cytoplasmic targeting of the SAR domain is sufficient to initiate transformation, and we report that an intact SAR domain is required, since block mutagenesis reveals that an intact SAR domain is necessary to maintain its full transforming potency. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The staurosporine analogues, K-252a and RK-286C, were found to cause DNA re-replication in rat diploid fibroblasts (3Y1) without an intervening mitosis, producing tetraploid cells. (rupress.org)
  • It is lined by simple columnar epithelium containing secretory and ciliated cells, which produce tubular fluid and facilitate transport of gametes, respectively. (nature.com)
  • Here we demonstrate the existence of adult stem cells in the human fallopian tube epithelium, which gives rise to a monolayer of differentiated epithelial cells in a complex 3D organoid in vitro . (nature.com)
  • In HHV-1 and HHV-2 oral infections, viral replication within the oral epithelium may cause lysis of epithelial cells, with vesicle formation. (medscape.com)
  • Electron microscopy demonstrated that the CAL 27 cells treated with GEF under AAS culture conditions exhibited swelling of the cytosol and organelles with an increased number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes, but without chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • While a distance transformation of the binarized cell stain images could also be used to seed watershed, nuclear stained images are almost always included in an experiment. (readthedocs.io)
  • The multifunctional nuclear protein large T-antigen was detectable by immunohistochemical analyses in a subset of neoplastic cells. (cdc.gov)
  • MIT study suggests 3D folding of the genome is key to cells' ability to store and pass on "memories" of which genes they should express. (mit.edu)
  • However, out of about 30,000 genes, each cell expresses only those genes that it needs to become a nerve cell, immune cell, or any of the other hundreds of cell types in the body. (mit.edu)
  • A key aspect of how cell types differ is that different genes are turned on or off. (mit.edu)
  • Histones can display a variety of modifications that help control which genes are expressed in a given cell. (mit.edu)
  • Furthermore, Notch is responsible for the regulation of known stem cell factor genes. (nature.com)
  • Genes Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body or the code for functional ribonucleic. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)
  • Our cell lines yield novel insights into NP biology and provide promising new tools for studies of IVD development, cell function and disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The use of real-time, live-cell analysis provides new possibilities and cell biology workflows. (news-medical.net)
  • p53 participates in relevant aspects of cell biology, including apoptosis and cell cycle control and must be strictly regulated to maintain normal tissue homeostasis. (molvis.org)
  • One of the greatest controversies triggered tissue, a stem cell encoding for heart tissue by the rapid pace of evolution in biology, will eventually develop into heart tissue particularly in genomics and biotechnology, and so on. (who.int)
  • In this article we show that these animals exhibit slightly decreased CD8(+) T cell percentages, a phenotype compatible with deregulated MHC I expression. (unige.ch)
  • Accumulating research, including in the liver now suggests that cells containing multiple copies of the genome are importantly involved in a cell's ability to adapt to its environment. (wikipedia.org)
  • The research team suggests that within each cell's nucleus, the 3D folding of its genome determines which parts of the genome will be marked by these chemical modifications. (mit.edu)
  • Immortalized cells were clonally expanded and characterized based on collagen type I, collagen type II, α1 (COL2A1), and SRY-box 9 (SOX9) protein expression profiles, as well as on expression of a subset of established in vivo NP cell lineage markers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The pathways related to cell protein folding and degradation need to be elucidated because of training was set. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Chaperonin Containing Tailless Complex Polypeptide 1 (CCT-1) is one of the important elements of protein folding pathway in cells and proteasome is an important component of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) dependent protein degradation pathway in cells. (ijpsonline.com)
  • We found that Ca 2+ and/or 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 stimulated CaSR promoter activity and CaSR protein expression in the human colon carcinoma CBS cells, which possessed a functional CaSR. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Uncoupled cell cycle without mitosis induced by a protein kinase inhibitor, K-252a. (rupress.org)
  • A ubiquitously expressed telomere-binding protein that is present at TELOMERES throughout the CELL CYCLE. (lookformedical.com)
  • The ER81 ETS protein, for example, is activated in human breast cancer cells by the oncoprotein HER-2, resulting in over-expression of the prosurvival telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) and biochemical and vibrational spectroscopy techniques, we studied whether Parkinson's disease (PD) patient genomes could modulate alpha-synuclein (aSYN) protein aggregates formation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Selection of laboratory and/or imaging studies to rule out conditions other than migraine headache is determined by the individual presentation (eg, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels may be appropriate to exclude temporal/giant cell arteritis). (medscape.com)
  • The Reed Sterberg cells also have with a specific protein called CD15 or CD30 on them. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • 1 nucleus with a static residual quadrupole coupling, also for the water-1H magnetization, even in systems with high enhanced I-spin relaxation is observed at I-spin Larmor frequencies water content, as long as the protein component is immobilized matching an eigenfrequency of the static S-spin Hamiltonian. (lu.se)
  • Renal cysts were recognized by the presence of a cuboidal epithelial lining and those with a diameter above 50?m were scored while positive. (immune-source.com)
  • This promotes induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and causes the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of skin. (jcpjournal.org)
  • HPV infections have received particular attention in recent years, as high-risk strains have been linked to some cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • The present invention provides a simple and robust human liver cell-based system in which persistent hepatitis C infection, persistent hepatitis B infection or ethanol exposure induces a clinical Prognostic Liver Signature (PLS) high-risk gene signature. (sumobrain.com)
  • Thus, although PyV-induced oncogenesis in laboratory animals has been a prolific model for the study of the cell cycle and cell transformation, natural infections rarely result in tumor formation, so the steps in cell transformation after natural infection are being revealed more slowly. (cdc.gov)
  • Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that support our immune system by fighting infection and disease. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • B-cells, which make antibodies to fight infection. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • T-cells that can fight infection directly and recruit other immune cells. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • When they become cancerous lymphoma cells, you cannot fight infection as easily. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • Additional bar chart subtracks pool the cell by other characteristics such as by sex ( Fetal Sex ), assay ( FetalAssay ), donor ( Fetal Donor ID ), experiment ( Fetal Exp ), organ ( Fetal Organ ), and reverse transcription group ( Fetal RT Group ). (ucsc.edu)
  • patients with type E (AD) tumor had higher incidence of nodal metastasis at MGCD0103 cell line TGF-beta inhibitor mediastinal lymph node than did patients in tumor groups, and all mediastinal positive nodes existed in lower mediastinal area. (hsdpathway.com)
  • In order to create a cell by gene expression matrix from image-based transcriptomics data, RNA spots must be assigned to cells. (readthedocs.io)
  • Treatment of CRC cells with MS-444 resulted in growth inhibition and increased apoptotic gene expression, while similar treatment doses in non-transformed intestinal cells had no appreciable effects. (oncotarget.com)
  • This group of tracks shows data from A human cell atlas of fetal gene expression . (ucsc.edu)
  • What we have done in this work is develop a simple model that highlights qualitative features of the chemical systems inside cells and how they need to work in order to make memories of gene expression stable. (mit.edu)
  • We compared the power of gene expression measurements with that of conventional prognostic markers, i.e., clinical, histo- pathological, and cell biological parameters, for predicting distant metastases in breast cancer patients using both established prognostic indices (e.g., the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI)) and novel combinations of conventional markers. (lu.se)
  • Western blot analysis of H2AX (pS139) in transformed human epithelioid carcinoma (Left Panel). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • NLRC5 was sufficient to induce MHC I expression in a human lymphoid cell line, requiring both caspase recruitment and LRR domains. (unige.ch)
  • It does not involve maximal condensation of chromatin into chromosomes, observable by light microscopy as they line up in pairs along the metaphase plate. (wikipedia.org)
  • One variant of amitosis involves fissioning, where a nucleus splits into two without involving chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fission-mediated amitosis has also been noted in mammalian liver cells and human adrenal cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including gefitinib (GEF) have been reported to induce the apoptosis of several cancer cell lines, in the present study, we examined whether the cytotoxic effects of GEF are further enhanced under amino acid starvation (AAS) culture conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The cell enters a quiescent state after which it experiences CELL DEATH via the process of APOPTOSIS. (lookformedical.com)
  • E. Wells containing endothelial cells with microspheres were analyzed for fluorescence. (hsdpathway.com)
  • In other cases, where certain cells are lacking, such as islets of Langerhans in the case of diabetes, or cells which secrete dopamine in the case of Parkinson's disease, or bone marrow cells in various hematopoietic diseases, or muscle cells in muscle wasting disease, or retinal epithelial cells in visual disorders, it would be desirable to be able to provide cells which could fulfill the desired function. (justia.com)
  • If the atomic structure of the material is such that the force of attraction between its nucleus and outer electrons is small, little force is required to cause electron loss. (medscape.com)
  • Materials such as porcelain and glass are composed of atoms that have powerful bonds between their nuclei and the outer electrons. (medscape.com)
  • Accessory cells, which include glia and other cell types that develop in close association with neurons, have been shown to play key roles in regulating neuron development. (biologists.com)
  • A particularly intimate association between accessory cells and neurons is found in insect chordotonal organs. (biologists.com)
  • In appendix, there is corroboration that DRG-infiltrating unaffected cells present to unbidden activity of injured neurons. (daubnet.com)
  • Traditionally, all models of sound localization have assumed that MSO neurons represent a single population of cells with specialized and homogeneous intrinsic and synaptic properties that enable the detection of synaptic coincidence on a timescale of tens to hundreds of microseconds. (jneurosci.org)
  • Here, using patch-clamp recordings from large populations of anatomically labeled neurons in brainstem slices from male and female Mongolian gerbils ( Meriones unguiculatu s), we show that MSO neurons are far more physiologically diverse than previously appreciated, with properties that depend regionally on cell position along the topographic map of frequency. (jneurosci.org)
  • A whiplike motility appendage present on the surface cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • This article discusses how a combination of live-cell analysis methods deliver the required flexibility to allow these highly dynamic astrocytic models to be characterized, via quantification of their growth, motility, morphology, and functional analysis. (news-medical.net)
  • Misexpression of Netrin-A in oenocytes, secretory cells that lie ventral to the cap cell, leads to aberrant cap cell morphogenesis, suggesting that Netrin-A acts as an instructive cue to direct the growth of the cap cell process. (biologists.com)
  • We show that single epithelial stem cells in vitro can give rise to differentiated organoids containing ciliated and secretory cells. (nature.com)
  • b , Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) of 38,217 nuclei from the medial frontal cortex of 8 control individuals (including 1 patient with influenza) and 8 patients with COVID-19. (nature.com)
  • The overall effect after watershed is to segment objects into convex shapes, which is generally a good approximation for a cell or nucleus. (readthedocs.io)
  • The initial stages of DDD correlate with reduced cellularity, aberrant cell function, loss of proteoglycans and concomitant tissue dehydration [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The lethality of mdm2 −/− mice before implantation makes it impossible to analyze Mdm2 interaction with p53 in vivo at specific times of development, at postnatal/adult stages, or in specific cell types. (molvis.org)
  • Consistent with downregulated MHC I expression, the elimination of Nlrc5(Δ/Δ) lymphocytes by cytotoxic T cells was markedly reduced and, in addition, we observed low NLRC5 expression in several murine and human lymphoid-derived tumor cell lines. (unige.ch)
  • Lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects your blood cells called lymphocytes. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • Our lymphatic system is also where our B-cell lymphocytes make disease fighting antibodies. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • Our lymphocytes are white blood cells that are a big part of our immune system. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • Unlike our other blood cells, lymphocytes usually live in our lymphatic system rather than in our blood stream. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • T-cell lymphocytes. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • Hodgkin Lymphoma - all Hodgkin Lymphomas are lymphomas of B-cell lymphocytes. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) - these are lymphomas of all other B-cells or T-cell lymphocytes, including NK cells. (lymphoma.org.au)
  • NP cells were immortalized by simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LTag) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Of course the relatively recent discovery of copy number variations (CNVs) in mammalian cells within an organ significantly challenges the age-old assumption that every cell in an organism must inherit an exact copy of the parental genome to be functional. (wikipedia.org)
  • While searching for "mitosis in mammalian cells" in the Medline database yields over 10,000 studies on the topic, "amitosis in mammalian cells" yields fewer than 50 paper titles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lunasin is a novel, cancer-preventive peptide whose efficacy against chemical carcinogens and oncogenes has been demonstrated in mammalian cells and in a skin cancer mouse model. (weeksmd.com)
  • Lunasin internalizes into mammalian cells within minutes of exogenous application, and localizes in the nucleus after 18 hours. (weeksmd.com)
  • It inhibits acetylation of core histones in mammalian cells. (weeksmd.com)
  • In order to induce its effects on the intestinal epithelial cells, LTD4 binds to its receptor CysLT1R. (lu.se)
  • This phenomenon has been observed in placental tissue as well as cells derived from it in rats, human trophoblasts, and mouse trophoblasts. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, we aimed to investigate whether phenotypically distinct clonal cell lines representing different subpopulations in the human NP could be generated using immortalization strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is in part because the high-quality, fresh-frozen human brain tissue from patients with COVID-19 needed for single-cell transcriptomic studies is largely inaccessible, and methods to isolate human brain barrier cells have only recently emerged 22 , 23 . (nature.com)
  • Bone is the basic unit of the human skeletal system and provides the framework for and bears the weight of the body, protects the vital organs, supports mechanical movement, hosts hematopoietic cells, and maintains iron homeostasis. (medscape.com)
  • Immunofluorescent staining of human cell line. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Flow cytometric analysis of H2AX (pS139) expression on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Right Panel). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Every cell in the human body contains the same genetic instructions, encoded in its DNA. (mit.edu)
  • The epithelial lining of the fallopian tube is of critical importance for human reproduction and has been implicated as a site of origin of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. (nature.com)
  • Here we report on the establishment of long-term, stable 3D organoid cultures from human fallopian tubes, indicative of the presence of adult stem cells. (nature.com)
  • PyV-induced tumorigenesis in laboratory animals, by simian virus 40 (SV40) or by multiple human PyVs, such as JC virus (JCV), is used extensively as a cell transformation model. (cdc.gov)
  • Human cells vary in size, but all are quite small. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In addition to human cells, the human body has foreign cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Although often thought of as a static support structure, the skeletal system is a dynamic organ with many functions, including giving us our human shape, allowing locomotion and motor function, facilitating respiration, protecting vital organs, producing marrow-derived cells, and playing a crucial role in homeostasis. (medscape.com)
  • Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)
  • that is histopathological y very simi- T cel s, B cel s, natural kil er cel s, LMP1 of EBV can transform ro- lar to that caused by hepatitis B vi- macrophages, and dendritic cells, dent fibroblasts and is expressed rus (HBV) in humans, but it does so and this humanized mouse model in most of the human cancers as- through a different mechanism. (who.int)
  • The con- is removed and replaced by a nucleus of cept of human cloning has long been in the another cell type, the stem cell will then imagination of many scientists, scholars and be reprogrammed to produce the product fiction writers [ 1 ]. (who.int)
  • Unicellular for those cells that are derived from human organisms are primed to replicate (clone) pre-embryos, which seem to have a high themselves by nature. (who.int)
  • No. 569397)-treated (right image) HeLa cells (ATCC CCL-2) were probed with Purified Mouse anti-H2AX (pS139) (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • HeLa cells (ATCC CCL-2) were seeded in a 96-well plate at ~10,000 cells per well (Middle Panels). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • ICC/IF: HeLa, NIH/3T3, whole cell. (abcam.cn)
  • IP: HeLa whole cell lyaste. (abcam.cn)
  • One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)
  • In particular, they found that certain chromatin regions, with marks telling cells not to read a particular segment of DNA, attract each other and form dense clumps called heterochromatin, which are difficult for the cell to access. (mit.edu)
  • The proportion was higher in the distal compared with the proximal region (5.0±0.3% versus 2.3±1.3%, respectively) in line with previous reports 11 . (nature.com)
  • In the subsequent years, the scientific community briefly entertained the notion that cells could divide through either mitosis or amitosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • They also suggest that a periodic activation of p34cdc2 is required for S phases in the cell cycle without mitosis. (rupress.org)
  • This form of division is termed closed mitosis, and it is considered to be the most ancient mechanism of eukaryotic cell division. (iu.edu)
  • Of interest, NLRC5 ablation only mildly affected MHC I expression on APCs and, accordingly, Nlrc5(Δ/Δ) macrophages efficiently primed CD8(+) T cells. (unige.ch)
  • While the mechanisms of tumorigenesis in FH-deficient cells have been extensively looked into, the metabolic changes caused by the loss of FH activity have only been partially tackled. (immune-source.com)
  • We therefore chose to study CysLT1 in colon cancer specimens and in non-transformed and colon cancer cell lines. (lu.se)
  • In this study, we show that the cells of the colon crypt acquire CaSR expression as they differentiate and migrate towards the apex of the crypt. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The samples were flash-frozen for majority of the experiments and then nuclei extracted for sequencing. (ucsc.edu)
  • An epigenetic mechanism of action is proposed whereby lunasin selectively kills cells being transformed or newly transformed by binding to deacetylated core histones exposed by the transformation event, disrupting the dynamics of histone acetylation-deacetylation and leading to cell death. (weeksmd.com)
  • In mammals, the immune systems serves as the primary defense with many different types of cells and mechanisms to protect the host. (justia.com)
  • The immune system which results from cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages is developed in vivo, so as to recognize self from non-self. (justia.com)
  • When the host lacks the ability to raise a defense against a particular disease, there may also be an interest in administering specific T-cells or B-cells or precursors thereof which may supplement the host's compromised immune system. (justia.com)
  • In order for the cells to be effective, they must be safe from attack by the host, so that they may function without being destroyed by the immune system. (justia.com)
  • It is therefore of interest to find effective ways to produce cells which may function, proliferate, and differentiate as appropriate, while being safe from attack by a recipient's immune system. (justia.com)
  • This gene, which encodes a member of the serine/threonine kinase family, regulates cell polarity and functions as a tumor suppressor. (cancerindex.org)
  • A problem arises when there are contiguous or partially overlapping cells, as is often the case in tissue. (readthedocs.io)
  • After a cell copies its DNA, the marks are partially lost, but the 3D folding allows the cell to easily restore the chemical marks needed to maintain its identity. (mit.edu)
  • When the nucleus of a stem cell has been the technique of cloning. (who.int)
  • Background Loss of function of fumarate hydratase (FH), the mitochondrial tumor suppressor and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzyme, is associated with a highly malignant form of papillary and collecting duct renal cell malignancy. (immune-source.com)
  • About 1% of cases have been reported to transform to a malignant tumour. (wikidot.com)
  • PC-ALCL is one of the primary cutaneous CD30 + T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, a wide spectrum of disease, with lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) at the benign end of the spectrum and PC-ALCL at the malignant end. (medscape.com)
  • These modifications generate "epigenetic memory," which helps a cell to maintain its cell type. (mit.edu)
  • By using Fh1-deficient mouse epithelial kidney cells we have recently demonstrated that in the absence of Fh1, the TCA cycle is definitely truncated causing an build up of fumarate and succinate paralleled by a decrease of malate and citrate. (immune-source.com)
  • Hence, loss of NLRC5 expression represents an advantage for evading CD8(+) T cell-mediated elimination by downmodulation of MHC I levels-a mechanism that may be exploited by transformed cells. (unige.ch)
  • The protective mechanism which protects the host from disease, as a result of invasion of viruses, bacteria, or other pathogens, is also able to recognize cells which come from a different mammalian host, even an allogeneic host. (justia.com)
  • This paper outlines the debates prompted through a reproduction mechanism involv- by progress in cloning research, with special ing male and female germ cells. (who.int)
  • Astrocytes are specialized glial cells ubiquitously distributed throughout the spinal cord and brain. (news-medical.net)