• Previous studies on GGTase-I mainly focused on the regulation of cell growth and differentiation via the Rac1 pathway and have been proved to be closely related to the occurrence, invasion, and metastasis of various malignant tumors [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Dysfunction in a myriad of overlapping signalling pathways can promote endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and differentiation, smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, migration and vasoconstriction, pericyte proliferation, migration and differentiation, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, immune cell infiltration and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling in the pulmonary artery. (ersjournals.com)
  • All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is the most active metabolite of vitamin A. Several studies have described a pivotal role for RA signalling in different biological processes such as cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development and organogenesis. (mdpi.com)
  • Nuclear corepressor SMRT acts as a strong regulator of both ß-oxidation and suppressor of fibrosis in the differentiation process of mouse skeletal muscle cells. (bu.edu)
  • In addition, chemokines regulate plethora of biological processes of hematopoietic cells to lead cellular activation, differentiation and survival. (genome.jp)
  • The laminins are an important and biologically active part of the basal lamina, influencing cell differentiation, migration, and adhesion. (pearltrees.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the acute and long-term effects of mitomycin C (MMC) on quiescent rabbit corneal keratocytes regarding cell proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation and DNA repair. (molvis.org)
  • MMC significantly blocked TGFβ-induced cell proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation in cultured quiescent keratocytes and altered the transcriptional regulation of macrophage chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA). (molvis.org)
  • Atherosclerosis occurs earlier and with greater severity in the population with diabetes [ 1 - 3 ] and is characterized pathologically by endothelial cell injury, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and thickening of intima [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Here, we find that the immunosuppressor FK506 increases the protein and mRNA expression of ENG and ALK1 in cultured endothelial cells and enhances the TGF-β1/ALK1 signaling pathway and endothelial cell functions like tubulogenesis and migration. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The majority of VWF is synthesized by endothelial cells (ECs) and stored in Weibel-Palade bodies (WPB). (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Background: A major clinical feature of severe coronavirus diease 2019 (COVID-19) is microvascular thrombosis linked to endothelial cell activation. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Polyurethane vascular grafts were modified with gelatin and collagen to enhance endothelial cell adhesion and were modified using heparin to reduce thrombogenesis. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • The thin myofilaments are filaments of mostly actin and the thick filaments are of mostly myosin and they slide over each other to shorten the fiber length in a muscle contraction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, after a 16-week duration of diabetes, Pggt1b Δ / Δ mice exhibited lower α -smooth muscle actin ( α -SMA) and nitrotyrosine level, Rac1 activity, p47phox and NOXO1 expression, and phospho-ERK1/2 and phosphor-JNK content than wild-type mice. (hindawi.com)
  • Immunohistochemical studies (using antibodies against muscle specific actin, desmin, HMB45, etc) were undertaken when necessary to confirm the diagnoses. (bmj.com)
  • In response to pancreatic injury and in cell culture, pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are transformed ("activated") into highly proliferative myofibroblast-like cells that express α-smooth muscle actin and produce extracellular matrix components. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Initially designated 'intermediate' because their average diameter (10 nm) is between those of narrower microfilaments (actin) and wider myosin filaments found in muscle cells, the diameter of Intermediate filaments is now commonly compared to actin microfilaments (7 nm) and microtubules (25 nm). (pearltrees.com)
  • Emerin is a ubiquitous inner nuclear membraneprotein, presentin nearly all cell types, although its highest expression is in skeletal and cardiacmuscle.Emerin binds to many nuclear proteins, including several gene-regulatory proteins (eg, barrier-to-autointegration factor, germ cell-less, Btf), nesprins (proteins that act as molecular scaffolds), F-actin, and lamins. (medscape.com)
  • Skeletal muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells both contain myofibrils and sarcomeres and form a striated muscle tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, vitamin D action in skeletal muscle tissue and muscle cells is largely unknown. (nih.gov)
  • However, since there are many different non-muscle cell populations that reside within the tissue, these experiments cannot easily distinguish true myonuclei from those of neighboring mononuclear cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Skeletal muscle is the largest tissue in the body. (frontiersin.org)
  • The use of a muscle creatine kinase germline knockout of the gene encoding Ire1/Ern1 shifts the focus from traditional studies of tissue repair toward the regenerating myofibers. (elifesciences.org)
  • The findings shed new light on mechanisms of regeneration of healthy myofibers after severe tissue injury and suggest interplay between these fibers and muscle satellite cells though mechanisms remain to be elucidated. (elifesciences.org)
  • Skeletal muscle, the most abundant tissue of the body, has remarkable regenerative capacity mainly due to its resident muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Continuous and prolonged internal exposure to hotspot ionizing radiation from radium and its daughter nuclides could cause strong and frequent DNA damage in lung tissue, initiate different types of tumour cells, including malignant mesothelioma cells, and may cause cancers. (go.jp)
  • More proliferation was observed in muscle tissue of LBW-GLN than LBW-ALA piglets at 5 dpn, but there was no clear effect of supplementation on related gene expression. (nature.com)
  • Overall, Gln supplementation stimulated cell proliferation in muscle tissue and in vitro in myogenic cell culture, whereas muscle growth regulatory genes were barely altered. (nature.com)
  • Glutamine is regarded as the most abundant amino acid in the body, is mainly synthesized in skeletal muscle 10 , and muscle tissue is the most important site for Gln storage 11 . (nature.com)
  • Multinuclear muscle fibers have been shown with cine technique to result from both myoblast fusion and polar extension of preformed (explanted) muscle tissue. (rupress.org)
  • Moreover, isolated muscle progenitor cells retained both mitochondrial functional deficits and gene suppression observed in the tissue. (jci.org)
  • Tissue clearing for whole organ cell profiling has revolutionized biology and imaging for exploration of organs in three-dimensional space without compromising tissue architecture. (elifesciences.org)
  • Although the clinical use of thiazolidinediones in type 2 diabetes is based on effects of these agents in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle to improve glycemic control, PPAR-γ is also expressed in myocardium ( 4 - 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The first suggests that disruption of the inner nuclear membrane and the nuclear lamina causes disorganization of nuclear chromatin and gene expression, while the second proposes that the mechanical strength of the cell nucleus is disrupted when the nuclear lamina is weakened leading to structural and signaling defects in mechanically stressed tissue such as muscle and heart. (medscape.com)
  • Cardiac muscle cells form the cardiac muscle in the walls of the heart chambers, and have a single central nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Smooth muscle cells have a single nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • This occurs during myogenesis with the fusion of myoblasts each contributing a nucleus to the newly formed muscle cell or myotube. (wikipedia.org)
  • embryologically, this multinucleate condition results from multiple myoblasts fusing to produce each muscle fiber, where each myoblast contributes one nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • There is a longstanding belief that a given nucleus controls a defined volume of cytoplasm, so when a muscle grows (hypertrophy) or shrinks (atrophy), the number of myonuclei change accordingly. (frontiersin.org)
  • These and other data argue against the current interpretation of the myonuclear domain hypothesis and suggest that once a nucleus has been acquired by a muscle fiber it persists. (frontiersin.org)
  • This theory has its origins in the concept of "Wirkungssphäre" or "sphere of influence" proposed by Strassburger (1893) , in which he argued that a nucleus can only support a discrete volume of cytoplasm, thus defining the upper limits to cell size. (frontiersin.org)
  • These proteins play an important role in determining the shape of the nucleus within cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Lamins are an essential supporting (scaffolding) component of the nuclear envelope, which is the membrane that surrounds the nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The nuclear envelope regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the nucleus, and researchers believe it may play a role in regulating the activity of certain genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Barateau A, Vadrot N, Vicart P, Ferreiro A, Mayer M, Heron D, Vigouroux C, Buendia B. A Novel Lamin A Mutant Responsible for Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Causes Distinct Abnormalities of the Cell Nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The nucleus of the contracted cell is shortened and widened, with convolution of its limiting membranes. (rupress.org)
  • It was clear that a definitive experiment required the replacement of a zygote nucleus by a somatic cell nucleus, asking whether the somatic nucleus could functionally replace the zygote nucleus by eliciting normal development of the enucleated recipient egg ( Fig. 1 )? (biologists.com)
  • Briggs and King ( Briggs and King, 1952 ) had already succeeded in transplanting a blastula cell nucleus into an enucleated egg and obtaining normal tadpoles in the frog Rana pipiens . (biologists.com)
  • However, Briggs and King ( Briggs and King, 1957 ) had also found that the nucleus of an endoderm cell from a neurula embryo could no longer support normal development ( Fig. 2 ). (biologists.com)
  • The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
  • However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
  • These mutations occur during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs or sperm) or in early embryonic development. (medlineplus.gov)
  • EDMD1 is caused by mutations in the EMD gene on the X chromosome that codes for the nuclear envelope protein emerin. (medscape.com)
  • Mutations occur throughout the gene and almost always result in complete absence of emerin from muscle or mislocalization of emerin. (medscape.com)
  • New mutations have been found in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 1 ( SYNE1 ) gene and in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 2 ( SYNE2 ) gene in a few families, also termed Nesprin-1 and Nesprin-2, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • Whatever the true mechanism, the discovery of mutations in several different nuclear membrane proteins that cause similar diseases will likely eventually lead to a better understanding of nuclear membrane physiology and the pathophysiology of diseases caused by mutations in these proteins. (medscape.com)
  • Thus, both mitochondrial and nuclear mutations can cause mitochondrial disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Collectively, these findings identified a novel extra-nuclear function of TERT that regulates an insulin-insensitive pathway involved in glucose uptake in human and mouse skeletal muscle cells. (telomerescience.com)
  • Thus, vitamin D may prevent muscle atrophy via the FOXO1-mediated pathway in muscle cells. (nih.gov)
  • Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α dampens Notch signaling and canonical NF-κB pathway in skeletal muscle of adult mice. (elifesciences.org)
  • In vitro models of patient desmoid tumor cells revealed a direct effect of Tazemetostat on Wnt pathway activity. (xenbase.org)
  • Additionally, we explore thyroid hormone action and nuclear receptor signaling as a model system. (bu.edu)
  • Our work has uncovered a unique role for nuclear receptor co-regulatory proteins termed nuclear corepressors in thyroid hormone signaling and determining hormone sensitivity. (bu.edu)
  • We were pioneers in the use of knock-out mouse models to validate the role of thyroid hormone receptor co-factors, specifically nuclear corepressors, in thyroid hormone signaling. (bu.edu)
  • International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology CXIII: Nuclear Receptor Superfamily - Update 2023. (bu.edu)
  • 2018) STAC3 incorporation into skeletal muscle triads occurs independent of the dihydropyridine receptor. (i-med.ac.at)
  • Peroxisome proliferators are non-genotoxic carcinogens which are purported to exert their effect on cells through their interaction with members of the nuclear hormone receptor family, termed peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs). (thermofisher.com)
  • PPAR gamma 2, like several other nuclear hormone receptors, heterodimerizes with retinoic X receptor (RXR) alpha to form a transcriptionally competent complex. (thermofisher.com)
  • Prolia works by blocking a protein called RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta) and helps prevent bone cells called osteoclasts from breaking down bone in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Ninety-eight percent of the tumors were squamous cell carcinomas (59/60). (bvsalud.org)
  • Although desmoid tumors most commonly arise from the rectus abdominis muscle in postpartum women and in scars due to abdominal surgery, they may arise in any skeletal muscle. (medscape.com)
  • Desmoid tumors tend to infiltrate adjacent muscle bundles, frequently entrapping them and causing their degeneration. (medscape.com)
  • The myofibroblast is the cell considered to be responsible for the development of desmoid tumors (see Procedures). (medscape.com)
  • Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are necessary for stem cell maintenance, cell fate determination, and the aging process. (upf.edu)
  • The specific contribution of NPCs to the physiology of muscle stem cells (satellite cells, SCs) is largely unknown. (upf.edu)
  • There is a general agreement that hypertrophy is accompanied by the addition of new nuclei from stem cells to help the muscles meet the enhanced synthetic demands of a larger cell. (frontiersin.org)
  • We will establish the mechanisms by which undernutrition during critical windows of postnatal development impacts proliferation of skeletal muscle stem cells and the mature muscle nuclear number. (bcm.edu)
  • More precisely we are working on RNA metabolism , muscle regeneration , muscle stem cells , and fibrosis , with the final aim of developing innovative therapeutic approaches. (institut-myologie.org)
  • [ 1 ] They may be derived from mesenchymal stem cells. (medscape.com)
  • A skeletal muscle cell is long and threadlike with many nuclei and is called a muscle fiber. (wikipedia.org)
  • Skeletal muscle fibers are the only muscle cells that are multinucleated with the nuclei usually referred to as myonuclei. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recently, two independent models, one from rodents and the other from insects, have demonstrated that nuclei are not lost from skeletal muscle fibers when they undergo either atrophy or programmed cell death. (frontiersin.org)
  • Skeletal muscle is fairly unique in that the mature cells are syncytial and can contain hundreds of nuclei. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we report the recovery of cell nuclei from 14,000-15,000 years old mammoth tissues and the injection of those nuclei into mouse enucleated matured oocytes by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (go.jp)
  • This question had been asked by embryologists since 1886 ( Rauber, 1886 ), and Spemann ( Spemann, 1938 ) had demonstrated by an egg ligation experiment that the nuclei of an eight-cell frog embryo are developmentally totipotent. (biologists.com)
  • Even advanced donor cells from the endoderm of Xenopus tadpoles have nuclei that can sometimes yield normal individuals after nuclear transfer [data taken from Briggs and King ( Briggs and King, 1957 ) for Rana and from Gurdon ( Gurdon, 1962 ) for Xenopus ]. (biologists.com)
  • Fusion depends on muscle-specific proteins known as fusogens called myomaker and myomerger. (wikipedia.org)
  • These malfunctioning proteins alter the structure of the nuclear envelope in ways that are not well understood. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Flucher BE, Campiglio M. (2019) STAC proteins: The missing link in skeletal muscle EC coupling and new regulators of calcium channel function. (i-med.ac.at)
  • Nuclear hormone receptors are ligand-dependent intracellular proteins that stimulate transcription of specific genes by binding to specific DNA sequences following activation by the appropriate ligand. (thermofisher.com)
  • This complex includes nuclear membrane integral and associated proteins including emerin, lamin A/C, SUN1, SUN2, nesprin-1, and nesprin-2 that are proposed to form a mechanical link between the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton. (medscape.com)
  • Muscle cells (including myocytes and muscle fibers) develop from embryonic precursor cells called myoblasts. (wikipedia.org)
  • Skeletal muscle cells are the individual contractile cells within a muscle and are more usually known as muscle fibers because of their longer threadlike appearance. (wikipedia.org)
  • A single muscle such as the biceps brachii in a young adult human male contains around 253,000 muscle fibers. (wikipedia.org)
  • In skeletal muscle, at the end of each muscle fiber, the outer layer of the sarcolemma combines with tendon fibers at the myotendinous junction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cell membrane is anchored to the cell's cytoskeleton by anchor fibers that are approximately 10 nm wide. (wikipedia.org)
  • This method provided optically ideal conditions for the study of muscle fibers with oil immersion, phase contrast time-lapse cinematography at 1 frame per minute without apparent damage for periods as long as 10 days. (rupress.org)
  • It is suggested that this phenomenon may be responsible for numerous reports of amitosis in the genesis of muscle fibers. (rupress.org)
  • The mesohyl includes a noncellular colloidal mesoglea with embedded collagen fibers, spicules and various cells, being as such a type of mesenchyme. (pearltrees.com)
  • Vitamin D is known to be effective for the prevention of muscle atrophy, such as age-related sarcopenia. (nih.gov)
  • As well, many older individuals suffer from sarcopenia, a protracted muscle wasting disorder that typically begins after the age of 50 and involves a loss of about 1% of muscle mass per year ( Woo, 2017 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The present study investigated the effects of PQS on the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMCs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • For example, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a classic oxidant stressor that promotes vascular cell calcification by increasing the expression of the osteogenic transcription factor runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by oxidative injury is one of the main features in diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis. (hindawi.com)
  • IH develop at the distal anastomosis of the graft and are due to over proliferation and abnormal migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). (uwaterloo.ca)
  • In C2C12 cells TERT protein was mostly localised intracellularly and stimulation of cells with insulin induced translocation to the plasma membrane. (telomerescience.com)
  • and the cell membrane in a muscle cell is termed the sarcolemma. (wikipedia.org)
  • The sarcoplasmic reticulum serves as a reservoir for calcium ions, so when an action potential spreads over the T-tubule, it signals the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium ions from the gated membrane channels to stimulate muscle contraction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cell membrane of a cardiac muscle cell has several specialized regions, which may include the intercalated disc, and transverse tubules. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cell membrane is covered by a lamina coat which is approximately 50 nm wide. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nuclear membrane "wrinkling" was shown to be merely a temporary distortion that occurred during nuclear migration and rotation. (rupress.org)
  • As contraction progresses, the cell becomes ellipsoid and its borders exhibit invaginations at the points of myofilamentous attachment to the plasma membrane and vesicle-containing projections of the intervening membrane. (rupress.org)
  • They are a major component of the basal lamina (one of the layers of the basement membrane), a protein network foundation for most cells and organs. (pearltrees.com)
  • The relaxed cell is long and narrow with smooth cytoplasmic and nuclear contours. (rupress.org)
  • This alteration, as well as progressive changes in the alignment of cytoplasmic organelles, is thought to be due to forces exerted on the internal structure of the cell by the contractile elements. (rupress.org)
  • 1][4] Most types of intermediate filaments are cytoplasmic, but one type, the lamins, are nuclear. (pearltrees.com)
  • Skeletal muscles are the largest cells in the body and are one of the few syncytial ones. (frontiersin.org)
  • LMNA -related congenital muscular dystrophy (L-CMD) is a condition that primarily affects muscles used for movement (skeletal muscles). (medlineplus.gov)
  • As other skeletal muscles become weaker, these children may ultimately lose the ability to sit, stand, and walk unassisted. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In contrast, CLI patient limb skeletal muscles harbor a unique skeletal muscle mitochondriopathy that represents a potentially novel therapeutic site for intervention. (jci.org)
  • We previously found that a transcription factor, FOXO1 gene expression, was induced in various muscle atrophy conditions causing muscle atrophy by upregulating atrophy-related genes, including atrogin 1 (ubiquitin ligase) and cathepsin L (lysosomal proteinase). (nih.gov)
  • In the present study, we demonstrate that IRE1α (also known as ERN1) and its downstream target, XBP1, are activated in skeletal muscle of mice upon injury. (elifesciences.org)
  • A striated muscle fiber contains myofibrils consisting of long protein chains of myofilaments. (wikipedia.org)
  • Feeding with amino acids can stimulate protein synthesis in all tissues, especially in skeletal muscle as reviewed by Davis et al. (nature.com)
  • Microtubule-associated protein MAP1LC3C regulates lysosomal exocytosis and induces zinc reprogramming in renal cancer cells. (uc.edu)
  • SP600125 inhibited interleukin-1β-induced JNK activity and activator protein-1 activation, but it did not affect the activation of extracellular-regulated kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor-κB. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The chemokine signal is transduced by chemokine receptors (G-protein coupled receptors) expressed on the immune cells. (genome.jp)
  • By Western blot, this antibody detects an ~56 kDa protein representing PPAR gamma 2 from NIH-3T3 cell lysate. (thermofisher.com)
  • Epigenetic mechanisms regulate cell-type specific gene expression, are established during development, and persist for life. (bcm.edu)
  • These data indicate that the effect of MMC on corneal scarring and haze is related to the generation of DNA ICLs leading to defective cell replication and gene expression. (molvis.org)
  • A muscle cell is also known as a myocyte when referring to either a cardiac muscle cell (cardiomyocyte) or a smooth muscle cell, as these are both small cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cardiac muscle cells are joined to neighboring cells by intercalated discs, and when joined in a visible unit they are described as a cardiac muscle fiber. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cardiac muscle like the skeletal muscle is also striated and the cells contain myofibrils, myofilaments, and sarcomeres as the skeletal muscle cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tissues with a high energy demand (eg, brain, nerves, retina, skeletal and cardiac muscle) are particularly vulnerable to defects in oxidative phosphorylation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and the enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT) were measured in the cardiac muscle. (bvsalud.org)
  • Since then, they have been found to be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis as important post-transcriptional regulatory factors [ 15 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Compliance mismatch forces the cells around the anastomosis to be exposed to abnormal mechanical stimulation, which is translated to biological responses to increase proliferation and migration of VSMC. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • As a brand new graduate student starting in October 1956, my supervisor Michail Fischberg, a lecturer in the department of Zoology at Oxford, suggested that I should try to make somatic cell nuclear transplantation work in the South African frog Xenopus laevis . (biologists.com)
  • Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
  • if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)
  • Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)
  • Mesoglea, also known as mesohyl, is the translucent, non-living, jelly-like substance found between the two epithelial cell layers (i.e., between the ectoderm and endoderm) in the bodies of cnidarians and sponges. (pearltrees.com)
  • The repair phase after Cl2 exposure was characterized by increased airway epithelial cell proliferation, measured by immunoreactive proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), with maximal proliferation occurring 5 days after Cl2 exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • We investigated the role of TERT, in regulating cellular glucose utilisation by using the myoblastoma cell line C2C12, as well as primary mouse and human skeletal muscle cells. (telomerescience.com)
  • This study elucidated effects of glutamine (Gln) supplementation on the cellular muscle development of LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) piglets. (nature.com)
  • We observed a temporarily increased intramuscular availability of free Gln that could have influenced cellular processes in skeletal muscle. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, we complemented our investigations into the cellular development of the skeletal muscle of neonatal piglets with in vitro studies using a primary porcine myogenic cell culture model with Gln supplementation. (nature.com)
  • Our team is working on the molecular and cellular actors involved in human muscle regeneration , in muscle ageing and in muscular dystrophies including oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). (institut-myologie.org)
  • Once in the cell, they alter cellular activity to turn the individual cells into "nurse cells. (medscape.com)
  • Obestatin signalling counteracts glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy via NEDD4/KLF15 axis. (institut-myologie.org)
  • Immortalized Canine Dystrophic Myoblast Cell Lines for Development of Peptide-Conjugated Splice-Switching Oligonucleotides. (institut-myologie.org)
  • Irreversible pathological changes to airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) such as hyperplasia and hypertrophy can occur in asthmatic patients. (ersjournals.com)
  • Severe distortion of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is a common consequence of severe asthma [ 3 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • At 10 days after Cl2 exposure the airway smooth muscle mass was increased relative to controls, suggestive of airway smooth muscle hyperplasia and there was evidence of airway fibrosis. (cdc.gov)
  • This signature was defined by deficits in permeabilized myofiber mitochondrial function and a unique pattern of both nuclear and mitochondrial encoded gene suppression. (jci.org)
  • However, mtDNA shares responsibility with nuclear DNA for mitochondrial function. (msdmanuals.com)
  • These findings indicate that muscle tissues from claudicating patients and non-PAD controls were similar in both their bioenergetics profile and mitochondrial phenotypes. (jci.org)
  • Isoform 2 has the highest expression levels in tissues containing proliferating cells. (lu.se)
  • In addition to inflammatory cell infiltration in the bronchial wall 1 , histological analysis of endobronchial biopsy specimens and new methods of blood flow measurements have revealed prominent alterations of the tracheobronchial (airway) vasculature in patients with asthma. (ersjournals.com)
  • Thiazolidinediones exert electrophysiologic effects in noncardiac cells in vitro, but to date there have been no reports of effects on cardiac rhythm. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a family of nuclear receptors that regulate gene transcription, particularly those affecting energy substrate metabolism and inflammation ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • PPAR alpha is expressed mainly in skeletal muscle, heart, liver, and kidney and is thought to regulate many genes involved in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. (thermofisher.com)
  • Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α or XBP1 in mice diminishes skeletal muscle regeneration that is accompanied with reduced number of satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Finally, targeted ablation of IRE1α also reduces Notch signaling, abundance of satellite cells, and skeletal muscle regeneration in the mdx mice, a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (elifesciences.org)
  • Benedetti, B., Benedetti, A., and Flucher, B.E. (2016) Loss of the calcium channel β 4 subunit impairs parallel fiber volley and purkinje cell firing in cerebellum of adult ataxic mice. (i-med.ac.at)
  • ChIP: Chromatin prepared from HUVEC cells. (abcam.com)
  • 2019) Correcting the R165K substitution in the first voltage-sensor of Ca V 1.1 right-shifts the voltage-dependence of skeletal muscle calcium channel activation. (i-med.ac.at)
  • The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)
  • Dysregulation of microRNA molecules in chronic heart failure is thought to increase the death of heart cells, reduce the formation of new blood vessels and stiffen the heart walls. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The term applies not only to entire organisms but also to copies of molecules (such as DNA) and cells. (who.int)
  • To nourish themselves in the nurse cell, the larvae stimulate angiogenesis leading to formation of a capillary rete around the invaded muscle cell. (medscape.com)
  • Man-made sources of radioactive materials are found in consumer products, industrial equipment, atom bomb fallout, and to a smaller extent from hospital waste, medical devices, and nuclear reactors. (cdc.gov)
  • Any area in nuclear facilities or hospitals etc. where radiation levels can exceed 1.3 milli-sieverts(mSv) in 3 month period (5.2 mSv/year) or 40,000bq/m2 is designated as a 'radiological control area. (uchicago.edu)
  • Radiological exposure, especially internal irradiation, can cause not only cancer or leukemia but also many forms of cell deaths or cell damage in important human organs including blood vessels, heart muscles and brain nerve cells. (uchicago.edu)
  • First Responders should use a NIOSH-certified Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN) Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) with a Level A protective suit when entering an area with an unknown contaminant or when entering an area where the concentration of the contaminant is unknown. (cdc.gov)
  • The sarcoplasmic reticulum, a specialized type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, forms a network around each myofibril of the muscle fiber. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our previous studies showed that Gln had the potential to increase muscle fiber size in piglets 16 , but the mechanism was not clear. (nature.com)
  • In FAP syndrome patients, one APC germline gene is already mutated in every cell in the body (barring a rare reverse somatic mutation in some cells), and, therefore, only one new somatic mutation is required in the opposite APC gene for the tumor to develop. (medscape.com)
  • Expression of muscle growth related genes was quantified with qPCR. (nature.com)
  • Cell culture experiments indicated that Gln could promote cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner, but expression of myogenesis regulatory genes was not altered. (nature.com)
  • The very important question to be addressed at that time was whether all cell types in the body have the same set of genes. (biologists.com)
  • A distinguishing feature between two general subclassifications (clads) of Trichinella species is whether the nurse cell forms a collagen capsule. (medscape.com)
  • Unlike the development of squamous cell carcinoma, the development of sarcomas is unrelated to smoking and alcohol use. (medscape.com)
  • Inhibition of TERT expression or activity by using siRNA (100nM) or specific inhibitors (100nM) reduced basal 2-deoxyglucose uptake by ~50%, in all cell types, without altering insulin responsiveness. (telomerescience.com)
  • These cells are located beneath the basal lamina of myofiber in a dormant state. (elifesciences.org)
  • The breathing problems result from restrictive respiratory insufficiency, which occurs when muscles in the chest are weakened and the ribcage becomes increasingly rigid. (medlineplus.gov)