Normal gene expression regulation neoplastic. Medical search. Frequent questions

Thyroid hormone-inducible hepatic protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the THRSP gene. (wikipedia.org)
Run-on analysis showed transcriptional attenuation in the normal rat myc gene, similar to the situation in mice and humans. (lu.se)

Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
Epigenetic and genetic abnormalities thus collaborate in cancer initiation and progression, as exemplified by frequent mutations in genes encoding proteins that control the epigenome. (johnshopkins.edu)
At the same time, arsenide trioxide and 5-azacitidine are associated with the inhibition of cellular proliferation of acute leukemia cells and also promote the elevated expression of TGF- β signaling pathway-linked proteins, including TGF- β , Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4. (hindawi.com)
Additionally, DBC1 knockdown eliminated the up-regulation of MMP7, EMT-related proteins, and cell cycle-related proteins as well as the enhanced proliferation and invasiveness induced by ZNF326. (cancerindex.org)
Note that by convention gene names are italicized and the proteins they make are not. (cancerquest.org)
The mutant proteins often retain some of their capabilities but are no longer sensitive to the controls that regulate the normal form of the protein. (cancerquest.org)
Wnt-3a belongs to Wnt family of proteins that consist of structurally related genes encoding highly conserved cysteine rich secreted glycoproteins. (biolegend.com)
Wnt family proteins have been implicated in oncogenesis and in multiple developmental processes including regulation of cell fate and patterning during embryogenesis. (biolegend.com)

It is commonly known that inactivation of certain tumor-suppressor genes occurs as a consequence of hypermethylation within the promoter regions and a numerous studies have demonstrated a broad range of genes silenced by DNA methylation in different cancer types. (nih.gov)
It is believed that the occurrence of leukemia is the result of genetic and epigenetic changes in protooncogene and tumor suppressor genes [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
The tumor suppressor genes are inactivated, and the oncogenes are dominant during the formation of the tumor [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
This is in contrast with tumor suppressor genes which must BOTH be defective to lead to abnormal cell division. (cancerquest.org)
Lack of Wnt signaling disrupts transcriptional activation of tumor suppressor genes, and has been shown to result in neoplastic transformation, oncogenesis, and human degenerative disease. (biolegend.com)

Our research focuses on developmental pathways that regulate hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation and are disrupted in the course of neoplastic transformation, particularly in leukemias and lymphomas. (stanford.edu)
A genetic alteration in the expression of ZIP1 zinc transporter is associated with this metabolic transformation. (biomedcentral.com)
This study uncovers a novel IFNgamma-induced pathway in RANTES expression mediated by IRF-1 in macrophages and elucidates an important host defense mechanism against neoplastic transformation. (cornell.edu)
Analysis of lentiviral integration sites reveals a polyclonal profile without any clonal expansion or dangerous integration of the vector (risk of neoplastic transformation). (inserm.fr)
Our long-term objective is to determine the mechanisms that regulate cellular growth and neoplastic transformation in breast tissue. (grantome.com)

Multiple KAs should raise suspicion of Muir-Torre syndrome, a genodermatosis with a defect in the MSH mismatch repair gene that is associated with sebaceous neoplasms and gastrointestinal cancers. (medscape.com)

To identify genes associated with neoplastic progression in the serous subtype of ovarian tumors, we compared gene expression in tissues that exhibited the spectrum of tumor behavior, namely benign, low malignant potential (LMP) and invasive. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that the total transcript level per cell and the expression of most individual genes correlated with progression through the cell cycle, but not with cell size. (frontiersin.org)
DBC1 functions as a coactivator for AR-V7 and is required for the expression of AR-V7 target genes including CDH2, a mesenchymal marker linked to CRPC progression. (cancerindex.org)
Of the 30,000 or so genes that are currently thought to exist in the human genome , there is a small subset that seems to be particularly important in the prevention, development, and progression of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
Covers principle molecular mechanisms responsible for tumor initiation and progression, with a specific emphasis on intracellular signaling, DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoints, and loss of normal tissue homeostasis. (mcb-seattle.edu)
This pathway describes progression of a serrated precursor lesion, often followed by the onset of epigenetic instability involving promoter methylation and silencing of key tumour suppressor genes, and accounts for 15%-20% of sporadic colorectal cancer [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

Subsequently, overexpression of THRSP induced inattention, but not hyperactive and impulsive behavior in mice, suggesting that this gene plays a role in the inattention phenotype of ADHD. (wikipedia.org)
We report here that RANTES expression in IRF-1-null mice, primarily in macrophages, in response to carcinogenic stimulation in vivo and in vitro and to IFNgamma but not to lipopolysaccharide in vitro, was markedly decreased. (cornell.edu)
Elimination of GCC expression in mice (GCC-/-) increased crypt length along a decreasing rostral-caudal gradient by disrupting component homeostatic processes. (jefferson.edu)

Be it for development, differentiation, stemness, or sex chromosome dosage compensation, stable, cell specific regulation of gene expression is essential for normal function ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Indeed, early cancer research focused on the fact that neoplastic cells have aberrant gene expression and differentiation states, pointing to shared mechanisms between normal development and cancer ( 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)
This process is mediated by 2 mutually exclusive programs of gene expression: 1) an undifferentiated program supporting proliferation by stem cells within the basal layer and 2) a differentiation program instructing growth arrest and differentiation-associated programmed cell death in suprabasal layers. (stanford.edu)
We are currently pursuing studies of the dominant signaling and gene regulatory networks that control this process, including the Ras/MAPK cascade, which is required for stem cell-mediated self-renewal and the p53 transcription factor family member, p63, which is required for epidermal differentiation. (stanford.edu)
This interaction can be responsible for the regulation of cellular events ranging from glucose and lipid homeostasis to cell differentiation and apoptosis [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

As stated in the introduction to this section, the defective versions of these genes, known as oncogenes, can cause a cell to divide in an unregulated manner. (cancerquest.org)
The BRAF gene belongs to a class of genes known as oncogenes. (medlineplus.gov)

The mechanism of epigenetic regulation involves the CpG site methylation of promoter regions and the modification of DNA and histones by altering chromatin structure ( 9 - 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
At least 2 molecular mechanisms for acquired alpha-thalassemia are now recognized: acquired deletion of the alpha-globin gene cluster limited to the neoplastic clone and, more commonly, inactivating somatic mutations of the trans-acting chromatin-associated factor ATRX, which cause dramatic down-regulation of alpha-globin gene expression. (ox.ac.uk)
2) We have discovered a group of oncoproteins that are implicated in long-term maintenance of gene expression through their effects on the state of chromatin. (stanford.edu)
We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer. (stanford.edu)
In cancer, many aspects of the epigenome, controlled by DNA methylation, chromatin, and nucleosome positioning, are altered as one means by which tumor cells maintain abnormal states of self-renewal at the expense of normal maturation. (johnshopkins.edu)
In addition to classical gene regulatory networks noted above, we have recently identified a central role for additional biologic mechanisms, namely gene regulation by chromatin regulators and by noncoding RNAs. (stanford.edu)
The phytochemical 3,3'-diindolylmethane decreases expression of AR-controlled DNA damage repair genes through repressive chromatin modifications and is associated with DNA damage in prostate cancer cells. (oregonstate.edu)

These include regulation of cell cycle, activation of mitochondrial pathway, induction of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, induction of apoptosis, modulation of oxidative stress, amelioration of inflammation, modulation of insulin signaling and inhibition of angiogenesis. (mdpi.com)
beta4 integrin-dependent formation of polarized three-dimensional architecture confers resistance to apoptosis in normal and malignant mammary epithelium. (ucsf.edu)
Expression of beta4 integrin that lacks the hemidesmosome targeting domain interferes with tissue polarity and NFkappaB activation and permits apoptosis. (ucsf.edu)
Certainly, substantial unrepaired DSBs business lead to cell routine criminal arrest or apoptosis whereas misrepaired DSBs induce neoplastic conversions credited to chromosomal translocation or mutations (18). (mdm2-inhibitors.com)

METHODS: We compared the primary lung adenocarcinoma (AD) and its metastasis tissues induced by overexpression of KrasG12D and inactivation of P53 in mouse lungs by analyzing GSE40222 about the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), pathways and hub genes. (bvsalud.org)
We found that cytoplasmic linker protein 170 (CLIP170) was overexpressed in HNSCC tissues and cells compared to normal controls. (nih.gov)
Estimation of DNA methylation level in endometrial neoplastic tissues compared to normal endometrial samples was the aim of this study. (cnrs.fr)
Authors describe an analysis of DNA methylation level in endometrial cancer tissues compared to DNA methylation level in normal or hyperplastic endometrium. (cnrs.fr)
RESULTS: The median DNA methylation level was significantly higher in neoplastic tissues than in normal endometrium. (cnrs.fr)
CONCLUSIONS: Authors conclude that neoplastic endometrial tissues show high DNA methylation rate compared to normal or hyperplastic endometrium. (cnrs.fr)
Five genes that were differentially expressed between invasive and either benign or normal tissues were validated by real time PCR in an independent panel of 46 serous tumors (4 benign, 7 LMP, 35 invasive). (biomedcentral.com)
Overexpression of SLPI and WNT7A and down-regulation of C6orf31 , PDGFRA and GLTSCR2 were measured in invasive and LMP compared with benign and normal tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
Forty-two tumors (7 benign cystadenomas/cystadenofibromas, 7 LMP and 28 invasive (moderate and poorly differentiated or G2 and G3) tumors) and four normal ovarian samples were initially selected for analysis (Table 1 , see Additional file 1 for detailed information on tissues analyzed by microarray analysis). (biomedcentral.com)
Hence, Cdx2 has contrary results depending on the tissues circumstance in sites of ectopic or normal reflection. (mdm2-inhibitors.com)
Increased curiosity about CAPN3 was highly stimulated when it had been reported that mutations in its gene bring about limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) type 2A, seen as a the continuous atrophy of hip and make muscle tissues (LGMD2A, or calpainopathy) (21). (exposed-skin-care.net)
The altered signaling interferes with the normal development of many organs and tissues, resulting in the characteristic features of cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)

Rebuilding often occurs as a process caused by disturbances in gene silencing mechanism. (cnrs.fr)
In normal cells, it assures the proper regulation of gene expression and stable gene silencing. (nih.gov)
The association among APC promoter methylation status, 5q LOH, and reduced or lost APC expression suggests that de novo methylation plays an important role as a 'second hit' in silencing APC expression in colorectal neoplasia. (duke.edu)

Many agents targeting epigenetic regulation are under development and entering clinical trials. (johnshopkins.edu)
2011. Dietary factors and epigenetic regulation for prostate cancer prevention. . (oregonstate.edu)

Expression profiling was carried out on samples of 7 benign, 7 LMP and 28 invasive (moderate and poorly differentiated) serous tumors and four whole normal ovaries using oligonucleotide microarrays representing over 21,000 genes. (biomedcentral.com)
In order to clarify the molecular relationships among the spectrum of serous ovarian tumors, we compared gene expression profiles of 7 LMP and 28 invasive (moderate and poorly differentiated or Grade 2 and Grade 3) serous ovarian tumors with two different reference groups: 7 serous benign ovarian tumors and four normal whole ovary specimens. (biomedcentral.com)
To ensure a homogeneous dataset in which to compare tumor behavior, analyses were restricted to tumors of the serous histological subtype and four normal whole ovary specimens collected from women having surgery for other benign gynecological conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
research shows that about 90% of the blood system of malignant tumors with at least the height of single gene methylation is closely related since this is a reversible process of genetic modification can be through to handle to restore the normal expression of gene methylation, to achieve the purpose of prevention and treatment of tumor [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Together with the uniform over-expression of GCC in human tumors, and the standard of care in which hormone deficiencies are treated by replacement therapy, the role of GCC as a tumor suppressor underscores the potential of oral administration of GCC ligands for targeted prevention and therapy of colorectal cancer. (jefferson.edu)
Here we examined the influence of APC methylation on APC expression in tumors with and without LOH at the APC locus. (duke.edu)
RESULTS: Expression was reduced or lost in 110 of 137 (80%) tumors and LOH at 5q was found in 13 of 132 (10%) tumors. (duke.edu)
There was no difference in 5q LOH between tumors with or without intact APC expression. (duke.edu)
Vice versa, there was no difference in the APC expression in tumors with 5q LOH. (duke.edu)
No difference in methylation was observed in tumors without 5q LOH and normal APC expression and those without 5q LOH and reduced or missing APC expression. (duke.edu)
Importantly, none of the tumors with 5q LOH and normal APC staining were aberrantly methylated, whereas 50% of the cancers with LOH at 5q and reduced or absent staining were hypermethylated. (duke.edu)
CONCLUSIONS: This report suggests that tumors with 5q LOH and reduced APC expression are more frequently hypermethylated at the APC promoter compared to those tumors with 5q LOH and normal APC expression. (duke.edu)
In 10 of 14 tumors investigated the breakpoints on the myc carrying chromosome were clustered in a 1.5 kb region 5' of the intact gene, proximal to the myc promoters. (lu.se)
Although pheochromocytomas have classically been associated with 3 syndromes-von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2), and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-there are now 10 genes that have been identified as sites of mutations leading to these tumors. (medscape.com)

Here we review the clinical, hematologic, and molecular genetic features of alpha-thalassemia arising in a clonal myeloid disorder, and we discuss howATRX might affect gene expression in normal and abnormal hematopoiesis through epigenetic mechanisms. (ox.ac.uk)
The genetic/metabolic relationships in normal prostate glandular epithelium are driven by the unique function to accumulate and secrete citrate. (biomedcentral.com)
In the absence of an HLA-compatible donor, the research teams have proposed a treatment by gene therapy which consists of taking blood stem cells carrying the genetic anomaly from patients (CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells), then correct in the laboratory by introducing the healthy WAS gene using a lentiviral vector developed by Anne Galy's team at Généthon, where the clinical batches of vectors were also produced. (inserm.fr)

This gene is located within a chromosomal region that shows loss of heterozygosity in some bladder cancers. (cancerindex.org)

RESULTS: We identified 165 genes differentially expressed in lung AD metastasis compared to primary AD. (bvsalud.org)

Whereas pig normal skin displayed a discrete TN-C signal at the dermo-epidermal junction, around blood vessels and hair bulbs, the swine tumour showed enhanced expression of TN-C in these areas and around stromal and tumour cells. (nih.gov)
We found positive correlations between COL3A1 and COL5A1 expression in GC cells, and confirmed that miR-29a-3p is the common regulator of their expression. (bvsalud.org)
We also used NIH3T3 cells transfected with either a normal or a mutated human neu gene, encoding a protein with a valine to glutamic acid substitution in the transmembrane domain. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
This mechanism also applies to hematopoietic cells transformed by other HOX genes, including CDX2, which is highly expressed in a majority of acute myeloid leukemias, thus providing a molecular approach based on GSK-3 inhibitory strategies to target HOX-associated transcription in a broad spectrum of leukemias. (stanford.edu)
Cells have built in machinery to turn off and on gene expression permanently. (aacrjournals.org)
The expression of IL17A can increase the migration and invasiveness of cervical cancer cells by activating the NF-κB signal pathway. (geneticsmr.com)
Moreover, the intermediary metabolism of normal prostate as well as malignant prostate cells is among the least studied and most poorly understood of all mammalian cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The specialized function of the normal prostate glandular epithelium to produce and secrete enormously high levels of citrate involves and requires unique intermediary metabolism activities that are not generally associated with other normal mammalian cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In malignancy, the normal zinc-accumulating citrate-producing epithelial cells are metabolically transformed to citrate-oxidizing cells that lose the ability to accumulate zinc. (biomedcentral.com)
There is growing emphasis on using epigenetic therapies to reprogram neoplastic cells toward a normal state. (johnshopkins.edu)
Effects of sulforaphane and 3,3'-diindolylmethane on genome-wide promoter methylation in normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells. (oregonstate.edu)
Here, we used quantitative real-time PCR, profiling the expression of 93 genes in single-cells from three different cell lines. (frontiersin.org)
By applying the random forests algorithm, a supervised machine learning approach, we show how a multi-gene signature that classifies individual cells into their correct cell cycle phase and cell size can be generated. (frontiersin.org)
Detailed analysis of cell cycle predictive genes allowed us to define subpopulations with distinct gene expression profiles and to calculate a cell cycle index that illustrates the transition of cells between cell cycle phases. (frontiersin.org)
Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
In normal cells, both internal and external signals control the activity of the oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
This receptor is found in moderate levels on some normal cells and as the gene's name implies, it is involved in cellular responses to growth factors. (cancerquest.org)
In that context, differentiated enterocytes in villi exhibit higher guanylin expression and ligand-dependent cGMP accumulation compared to proliferating progenitor cells in crypts. (jefferson.edu)
These proliferating cells exhibit no cytologic abnormalities and have a normal nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio. (medscape.com)
Teams from the AP-HP, University of Paris, Inserm, within the Imagine Institute, the University College of London, and Généthon, have carried out work on treatment by gene therapy consisting of transplanting the patient's own genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells as part of a phase I/II clinical trial, promoted by Genethon, in 8 patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS). (inserm.fr)
This protein is key in the regulation of cytoskeletal actin 1 in hematopoietic cells. (inserm.fr)
Our current studies focus on how the tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) prevents tumorigenesis in mammary epithelial cells. (grantome.com)
The multifunctional nuclear protein large T-antigen was detectable by immunohistochemical analyses in a subset of neoplastic cells. (cdc.gov)
Our results suggest that although trisomy 8 cells are in a pro-apoptotic state, they are checked by the enhanced expression of anti-apoptotic signals which provide them with their proliferative advantage. (who.int)
When mutated, oncogenes have the potential to cause normal cells to become cancerous. (medlineplus.gov)
The BRAF gene mutation that causes this condition is somatic, meaning that it occurs during a person's lifetime and is present only in certain cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Additional gene mutations in cells within the nevus after birth can lead to melanoma in people with giant congenital melanocytic nevus. (medlineplus.gov)

This translocation involves the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene on chromosome 14 and the BCL1 locus on chromosome 11. (medscape.com)

In this review, we provide a current and updated integrated assessment of the relationships of intermediary metabolism in normal prostate and in prostate cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
The experimental and clinical evidence that leads to the formulation of concepts of normal and malignant prostate metabolism is presented. (biomedcentral.com)
It is shown that reactive oxygen species metabolism and oxidative stress responsive genes are deregulated. (nature.com)
Gene expression changes were observed with PPAR isoforms in the liver and skin along with changes in genes involved in steatosis, fatty acid metabolism, necrosis, and inflammation. (cdc.gov)

Tenacigenin B had anti-tumor effects on lymphoma via regulation of Aurora-A in vitro and in vivo . (medscimonit.com)

Increased expression of inflammatory cytokines, lysyl oxidase, transforming growth factor-β, impaired megakaryocyte function, and aberrant JAK-STAT signaling have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of bone marrow fibrosis. (haematologica.org)
We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for detecting the aberrant expression level of GRHL2 in 60 patients with acute leukemia and 60 normal controls. (hindawi.com)
Suggesting, PPAR-γ directly or indirectly alters aberrant gene expression in mammary tumours by changing histone modifications. (biomedcentral.com)

Multiple mechanisms have evolved to perform these essential functions: DNA methylation, a bewildering array of histone modifications, RNA-based regulation, etc. (aacrjournals.org)
The past 15 years have seen an explosion of discoveries related to the cellular regulation of phenotypes through epigenetic mechanisms. (johnshopkins.edu)
However, the role of IFNgamma and IRF-1 in the regulation of RANTES gene expression and their operative mechanisms in macrophages have not been established. (cornell.edu)
Epigenetic control of gene expression lasts through multiple cell divisions without alterations in primary DNA sequence and can occur via mechanisms that include histone modification and DNA methylation. (stanford.edu)
Noncoding RNA sequences can regulate gene expression via interactions with epigenetic and other control mechanisms. (stanford.edu)
Here, the role of GCC in regulating normal enterocyte dynamics along the crypt-villus axis and the corruption of those mechanisms in tumorigenesis were explored. (jefferson.edu)
A five-week graduate survey course concentrating on biochemical mechanisms of gene transcription. (mcb-seattle.edu)

AKT1, also known as v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, is involved in the regulation of cell-survival and anti-apoptotic activities, which may affect the pathogenesis of various cancers. (geneticsmr.com)
A diagram showing the major cancer genes for some cancers. (cancerquest.org)
ALL cancers have lots of additional changes, the so-called 'passenger' mutations, that may contribute to the cancer, but are not the main genes. (cancerquest.org)
Scholars@Duke publication: APC promoter hypermethylation contributes to the loss of APC expression in colorectal cancers with allelic loss on 5q. (duke.edu)

The normal versions of genes in the first group are called proto-oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
The mutated or otherwise damaged versions of these genes are called oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
We have two copies of each gene and for oncogenes, a single defective copy is enough to cause a cell to divide. (cancerquest.org)
Numerous genes have been identified as proto-oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)

Intracellular accumulation of beta-catenin increases translocation of the protein into the nucleus, where it binds to TCF/LEF transcription factors to promote expression of Wnt target genes. (biolegend.com)

Biological network interaction identified the hub genes during lung adenocarcinoma metastasis, such as the up-regulated COL5A1, a novel gene in AD metastasis. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSION: By analyzing mouse lung AD and its metastases, we identified the potential key genes and pathways regulating lung AD metastasis, such as COL5A1. (bvsalud.org)
the expression level of ZNF326 was inversely associated with advanced pTNM stage (P = 0.002), positive lymph node metastasis (P = 0.004), poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer (P = 0.0097), and ER/PR/Her2 status (P = 0.013). (cancerindex.org)

In this study, exposure to the immunomodulatory chemical triclosan was evaluated in two mouse models using immunophenotyping by flow cytometry and gene expression analysis. (cdc.gov)

relative protein expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry assay, and relative mRNA expression was evaluated by RT-PCR. (medscimonit.com)
APC expression was performed by immunohistochemistry. (duke.edu)

A proportion of BRAF mutant lesions will methylate a DNA mismatch repair gene, MLH1 , which leads to the onset of microsatellite instability (MSI) [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)

BackgroundInvestigations of colorectal carcinogenesis have mainly focused on examining neoplastic tissue. (ku.dk)
The most commonly lost gene products in colorectal carcinogenesis include guanylin and uroguanylin, the endogenous ligands for guanylyl cyclase C (GCC, GUCY2C), the intestinal receptor for diarrheagenic bacterial enterotoxins. (jefferson.edu)

OBJECTIVES: A level of DNA methylation plays an important role in regulation of cellular gene's expression. (cnrs.fr)

relative mRNA expression was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and relative protein expressions were measured by western blot assay in an in vitro study. (medscimonit.com)

In contrast, normal skin showed a strong TN-X staining at the dermo-epidermal junction and in the dermis, whereas this signal almost completely disappeared in the tumour. (nih.gov)
Rosiglitazone pre-treatment to cisplatin increases the expression of p38, PPAR-γ in mammary tumours and shows maximum tumour reduction. (biomedcentral.com)

They also provide a listing of suggested courses for those interested in Gene Expression, Cell Cycle & Chromosome Biology. (mcb-seattle.edu)

Methylated DNA can prevent transcription factors from binding to it, resulting in low or no gene expression, which is an important alteration in the early initiation and development of malignant neoplastic diseases [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

These results highlight several genes that may play an important role across the spectrum of serous ovarian tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
The significance of loss of GCC ligands early in intestinal tumorigenesis remains obscure because (patho)physiological roles of GCC signaling in intestine, beyond regulation of intestinal fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, are poorly defined. (jefferson.edu)
The specific aims of this proposal are to determine the role of TSG101 during normal development and tumorigenesis in vivo. (grantome.com)

However, better understanding of the role of increased JAK-STAT signaling [either through activating mutations ( JAK2 , MPL515L/K ) within the signaling pathway, or mutations involving CALR ], the role of deregulated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and the impaired bone marrow microenvironment is transforming the treatment approach for MF. (haematologica.org)
Chemical signaling through this pathway is essential for normal development before birth. (medlineplus.gov)

Using semiquantitative RT-PCR, we observed a 3.6-fold mean increase of TN-C RNAs in melanoma compared to normal skin. (nih.gov)
This opposite regulation of TN-C and TN-X RNAs was confirmed at the protein level by indirect immunofluorescence. (nih.gov)
Apart from DNA methylation alterations in promoter regions and repetitive DNA sequences, this phenomenon is associated also with regulation of expression of noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs that may play role in tumor suppression. (nih.gov)
They act by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of targeted messenger RNAs (mRNAs), promoting either mRNA cleavage or repression of gene expression at post-transcriptional level [ 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
miRNAs comprise a large group of endogenous non-coding RNAs that can block mRNA translation or negatively regulate mRNA stability and thereby play a central role in regulating gene expression [10] , [11] . (plos.org)
Several studies demonstrate important associations between differential expression of micro-RNAs (miRs) and the prognosis of CRC. (biorxiv.org)

The present study investigated the methylation of CpG sites in the cyclooxygenase (COX)‑2 promoter via nuclear factor (NF)‑κB transcriptional regulation and elucidated its effect on the COX‑2 transcriptional expression in a ketamine‑induced ulcerative cystitis (KIC) animal model. (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, DNA hypomethylation of the COX‑2 promoter region located from ‑1,522 to ‑829 bp might contribute to transcriptional regulation of COX‑2 expression and induce a pro‑inflammatory response in KIC. (spandidos-publications.com)
Transcriptional regulation, development and diseases in mammals. (mcb-seattle.edu)

At the same time, the expression level of GRHL2 in patients with acute leukemia was significantly correlated with leukocyte count, platelet count, and cytogenetic risk grouping. (hindawi.com)
In addition, the lower GRHL2 expression group showed a significantly lower overall survival rate in acute leukemia patients than that of patients with a higher GRHL2 expression group. (hindawi.com)
The methylation level of the GRHL2 promoter region in acute leukemia patients and cell lines was significantly higher than the normal control group, and we found the elevated mRNA and protein levels of GRHL2 in acute leukemia cell lines after the use of the demethylation drug arsenic trioxide and 5-azacitidine. (hindawi.com)
The latter was significantly lower in trisomy-8-negative cases than normal controls, while that of trisomy 8 cases was comparable to controls. (who.int)

Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)

Besides classical gene regulation, miRNAs have emerged as post-transcriptional regulators of angiogenesis. (plos.org)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules with important regulatory roles in gene expression. (oncotarget.com)

Although bone marrow fibrosis is seen in a variety of malignant and non-malignant disease states, the deposition of reticulin and collagen fibrosis in the bone marrow of patients with myelofibrosis is believed to be mediated by the myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell, contributing to an impaired microenvironment favoring malignant over normal hematopoiesis. (haematologica.org)
Using the recently described MeLiM miniature pig model of heritable cutaneous malignant melanoma, we studied the expression of two ECM glycoproteins, the tenascin-C (TN-C) and tenascin-X (TN-X), in normal skin and melanoma. (nih.gov)
Increased expression and methylation level of GRHL2 are closely associated with the prognosis and malignant phenotype of acute leukemia patients and play an irreplaceable role in the occurrence and development of patients with acute leukemia. (hindawi.com)

We will investigate whether TSG101 has characteristics of a tumor suppressor gene or mammary tissue. (grantome.com)

HER2/neu (also called ERB B2 ) is the gene that encodes the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2. (cancerquest.org)
The BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B) gene encodes a protein that belongs to the Raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (hindawi.com)
Cdx2, a gene of the paraHox group, encodes a homeodomain transcription aspect that has numerous assignments in embryonic advancement and in homeostasis of the adult gut. (mdm2-inhibitors.com)

Our present research is aimed at studying the abnormal expression of GRHL2 and the association of methylation in patients with acute leukemia and its relationship with prognosis. (hindawi.com)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
This mutation leads to production of a BRAF protein that is abnormally active, which disrupts regulation of cell proliferation and may allow histiocytes to grow and divide uncontrollably, leading to the abnormal accumulation of histiocytes that occurs in Erdheim-Chester disease. (medlineplus.gov)

Launch The Cdx2 gene, a known member of the paraHox group, has many assignments in embryos including trophectoderm difference, posterior patterning and elongation, and digestive tract perseverance (1C3) By midgestation onwards, it turns into limited to Troxacitabine (SGX-145) supplier the digestive tract epithelium and is normally afterwards included in the homeostasis of the adult tum (4C6). (mdm2-inhibitors.com)

Expressions were investigated for selected kinases in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK), the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, and the Wnt/-catenin pathways as well as for selected phosphatases and several entities associated with prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) signaling. (ku.dk)
Thus, investigating the regulation of TSG101 expression and its biological function will provide us with new insights that will allow us to intercept oncogenic pathways, that require adequate levels of this protein to function normally. (grantome.com)

Exposure to triclosan increased epidermal permeability and altered the expression of genes involved in formation of the skin barrier. (cdc.gov)

Colonic mucosal contents of PGE(2) and PGE(2) metabolites were determined by use of ELISA.ResultsWe found up-regulation of ERK1, ERK2, Akt1, Akt2, PLA2G4A, prostanoid receptor EP3 and phosphatase scaffold subunit PPP2R1B mRNA expression in normal appearing colonic mucosa of CRN patients compared to controls.ConclusionPresent study supports that even normal appearing mucosa of CRN patients differs from that of non-CRN patients at a molecular level. (ku.dk)

But the idea of stably changing gene expression in vivo has transformative potential in cancer therapy and beyond. (aacrjournals.org)
Over-expression of WNT7A in an ovarian cancer cell line led to increased migration and invasive capacity. (biomedcentral.com)
With our aim of identifying potentially cancer-predisposing molecular compositions, we chose a different approach by examining endoscopically normal appearing colonic mucosa of patients with and without colorectal neoplasia (CRN). (ku.dk)
Directed by this focus, we selected 18 genes that were previously found with altered expression in colorectal cancer affected mucosa.MethodsBiopsies of colonic mucosa were sampled from 27 patients referred for colonoscopy on suspicion of colorectal disease. (ku.dk)
The studies investigated the expression of 102 different miRs associated with prognostic aspects in colorectal cancer patients. (biorxiv.org)
The larger the gene name, the more frequently that gene is defective in that cancer type. (cancerquest.org)
These genes have been found to be either malfunctioning or non-functioning in many different kinds of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
Explores the normal developmental function of genes that have been identified as causal in human developmental disorders such as skeletal dysmorphologies, ciliopathies, autism, and cancer. (mcb-seattle.edu)
INTRODUCTION: Germ-line mutations of the APC gene are associated with familial adenomatous polyposis, and somatic mutations occur frequently in sporadic colorectal cancer. (duke.edu)
pendent of those associated with cretory ducts, columnar epithelia the KRAS gene is more frequent- other key mechanistic characteris- lining the gastrointestinal tract and ly mutated in human cancer, which tics of IARC Group 1 carcinogens. (who.int)

Chromosomal specimens more dilute than the original and sex-matched normal controls, but defects, as grouped by IPSS, and blast smears. (who.int)

In conclusion, we provide useful experimental approaches and bioinformatics to identify informative and predictive genes at the single-cell level, which opens up new means to describe and understand cell proliferation and subpopulation dynamics. (frontiersin.org)

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked complex immune deficiency caused by mutations in the WAS gene which codes for the WAS protein (WASp). (inserm.fr)

In this study, we investigated the role of the Leu53Leu, Arg213Gly, and Ala40Thr polymorphisms in extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) gene in the development of T2DM in a Chinese population. (geneticsmr.com)
Ever since I have been studying the signaling network surrounding JAK2 in normal blood development and MPNs. (mpnfoundation.org)
however, it has been shown to play a role in the regulation of embryonic and ocular development. (cancerindex.org)
Wnt-3a is required for normal embryonic mesoderm development and formation of caudal somites. (biolegend.com)

To identify the most predictive genes we used a variable selection strategy. (frontiersin.org)
ERK1 may therefore be considered a potential candidate gene as predictive biomarker for developing CRN. (ku.dk)

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can alter gene function and protein expression. (geneticsmr.com)
Then we investigated the demethylating effect of arsenic trioxide and 5-azacitidine on the mRNA and protein expression levels of GRHL2 in cell lines of acute leukemia. (hindawi.com)
The severity of clinical expression is related to the level of WAS protein expression. (inserm.fr)

Anatomy19

Organisms15

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs56

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment33

Phenomena and Processes88

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science7

Health Care3

Humans2

Proteins8

Tumor-suppr5

Transformation5

Neoplasms1

Progression6

Mice3

Differentiation5

Known as oncogenes2

Chromatin7

Apoptosis4

Tissues12

Silencing3

Epigenetic regulation2

Tumors14

Genetic3

Loss of Heterozygos1

Differentially expressed1

Cells27

Immunoglobulin1

Metabolism4

Lymphoma1

Aberrant3

Mechanisms7

Cancers4

Oncogenes4

Target genes1

Metastasis3

Flow Cytometry1

Immunohistochemistry2

Mismatch repair gene1

Carcinogenesis2

Methylation plays an important role1

Polymerase chain re1

Tumour2

Cell Cycle1

Initiation1

Tumorigenesis3

Pathway2

RNAs6

Transcriptional regulation3

Significantly4

Directly or indirectly1

Post-transcriptional1

MicroRNAs1

Malignant3

Mammary1

Encodes3

Abnormal3

CDX21

Pathways2

Epidermal1

MRNA expression1

Cancer10

Chromosomal1

Conclusion1

Caused by mutations1

Development4

Predictive2

Protein expression3