• Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive type of medical imaging in which the electrical conductivity, permittivity, and impedance of a part of the body is inferred from surface electrode measurements and used to form a tomographic image of that part. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, in contrast to linear x-rays used in Computed Tomography, electric currents travel three dimensionally along all the paths simultaneously, weighted by their conductivity (thus primarily along the path of least resistivity, but not exclusively). (wikipedia.org)
  • A technique similar to EIT is used in geophysics and industrial process monitoring - electrical resistivity tomography. (wikipedia.org)
  • We study inverse problems for non-linear penetrable media in the context of scattering theory and impedance tomography. (aimsciences.org)
  • Application of the same technique to the impedance tomography problem for a monotonic non-linear inclusion yields a characterization of the inclusion's support from the non-linear Neumann-to-Dirichlet operator. (aimsciences.org)
  • M. Brühl, Explicit characterization of inclusions in electrical impedance tomography , SIAM J. Math. (aimsciences.org)
  • Mathematically, electrolocation is linked to the electric impedance tomography: so it's about a non-linear inverse problem, particularly ill-posed problem. (hal.science)
  • Electrical impedance tomography is a new technology in non-invasive imaging in which the image of the inner part of conductive bodies is reconstructed by the arrays of external electrodes that are connected on the periphery of the object. (sciopen.com)
  • In an electrical impedance tomography system, the voltages measured in the peripheral boundaries have a non-linear equation with the electrical conductivity distribution. (sciopen.com)
  • Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a method for imaging the internal conductivity distribution of a cross section of human body using known injected currents and measured potentials on the surface. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • Electrical impedance tomography, EIT, is an imaging modality in which the internal conductivity distribution of an object is reconstructed based on voltage measurements on the boundary. (mcmaster.ca)
  • The majority of EIT systems apply small alternating currents at a single frequency, however, some EIT systems use multiple frequencies to better differentiate between normal and suspected abnormal tissue within the same organ (multifrequency-EIT or electrical impedance spectroscopy). (wikipedia.org)
  • Attempts to detect or localize tissue pathology within normal tissue usually rely on multifrequency EIT (MF-EIT), also termed Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and are based on differences in conductance patterns at varying frequencies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Impedance spectroscopy is a non-invasive method used in various fields, such as biology, medicine and material science 1 to characterize the passive electrical impedance of a material or sample. (nature.com)
  • Fundamentals of Impedance Spectroscopy (J.Ross Macdonald and William B. Johnson). (typeset.io)
  • 1.1.2 The Basic Impedance Spectroscopy Experiment. (typeset.io)
  • Whether the amplifier is valve or transistor, regardless of class of operation, the amplifier's source impedance and loudspeaker's load impedance are never critically matched. (sydneyhificastlehill.com.au)
  • Building on a solid base of tried and true AudioQuest technologies, the design team of Garth Powell and Bill Low specifically focused on addressing one of the most vexing issues plaguing speaker cable design: the mismatch between the amplifier's source impedance and the speaker's load impedance. (audio-one.ca)
  • The speaker cable's characteristic impedance is yet another culprit in a highly compromised non-linear electrical circuit. (sydneyhificastlehill.com.au)
  • However, by eliminating a speaker cable's characteristic impedance, AQ's ZERO Tech is an unprecedented step towards reducing that damage. (sydneyhificastlehill.com.au)
  • By eliminating the speaker cable's characteristic impedance (ZERO Technology), current compression and distortion of the signal/current transient are significantly reduced. (audio-one.ca)
  • All previous attempts to address this issue chose to move the speaker cable's characteristic impedance to a value closer to the nominal impedance of the speakers. (audio-one.ca)
  • N. Grinberg and A. Kirsch, The linear sampling method in inverse obstacle scattering for impedance boundary conditions , J. Inverse Ill-Posed Probl. (aimsciences.org)
  • E. Jalade, Inverse problem for a nonlinear Helmholtz equation , Ann. (aimsciences.org)
  • Inverse scattering for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. (aimsciences.org)
  • This reconstruction problem is a nonlinear and ill-posed inverse problem, which requires regularization to ensure a stable solution. (mcmaster.ca)
  • Using the Fluke VCHEK LoZ low impedance measurement function, operators can simultaneously test for voltage or continuity. (rs-online.com)
  • A low impedance measurement function lets you test for voltage and continuity simultaneously, while its True-RMS ability gives you accurate AC measurements on non-linear loads. (rs-online.com)
  • Impedance Measurement Techniques (Michael C. H. McKubre and Digby D. Macdonald). (typeset.io)
  • Commercially Available Impedance Measurement Systems (Brian Sayers). (typeset.io)
  • 3.2.1 Electrochemical Impedance Measurement Systems. (typeset.io)
  • 3.2.2 Materials Impedance Measurement Systems. (typeset.io)
  • 3.2.2.2 Measurement of Low Impedance Materials. (typeset.io)
  • 3.2.2.3 Measurement of High Impedance Materials. (typeset.io)
  • It is especially important to select a DMM with high impedance for applications requiring measurement of sensitive electronics or control circuits to ensure accuracy of the readings. (electronicsforu.com)
  • The accurate simulation of nonlinear radio frequency (RF) circuits under unmatched impedance conditions depends heavily on the device model used. (uwaterloo.ca)
  • The second approach uses equivalent electrical circuits, composed of electrical elements (such as resistors, capacitors and inductors), to represent multi-frequency bioimpedance data and then investigates the relationship of the model/component values to underlying physical and electrochemical changes in the tissue. (nature.com)
  • Still I dont get how the linked page suggests the cutoff frequency is same for different impedances. (itecnotes.com)
  • Basically this means that the input impedance of this circuit is not constant across frequency, so when you cascade filters together you need to adjust the first filter to accomodate the changing load presented by the second filter. (itecnotes.com)
  • All such attempts failed because a speaker's impedance changes with frequency, and the amplifier's output impedance is something else altogether. (audio-one.ca)
  • Headphone impedance changes with frequency. (blogspot.com)
  • If the output impedance is much above zero this means the voltage delivered to the headphones will also change with frequency. (blogspot.com)
  • Her research integrates issues of Transmission system, Phase-locked loop, Harmonics, Frequency domain and Harmonic in her study of Electrical impedance. (research.com)
  • Her Electrical impedance study combines topics from a wide range of disciplines, such as Linearization, MIMO, Frequency domain, CMOS and Amplifier. (research.com)
  • Her study looks at the relationship between Frequency domain and fields such as Electric power system, as well as how they intersect with chemical problems. (research.com)
  • CABLES™ facilitates consideration of proximity effects when computing line and cable properties, providing the frequency dependent impedance matrices for the user. (integratedsoft.com)
  • The variation of the input impedance as a function of the drive frequency is compared with existing analytical models and experiments conducted by UCLA. (ku.edu.tr)
  • Different output impedances of source amplifiers in devices such as smartphones, bodypacks, DACs/amplifiers and DAPs usually result in different frequency response depending on the increase in resistance. (audioessence.ch)
  • Other information available from the program is the distortion factor and bus impedance versus frequency table. (usask.ca)
  • Figure: electrical conductivity distribution (left), nonlinear reconstruction from voltage-to-current boundary measurements (middle) , edge-enhanced nonlinear reconstruction (right). (helsinki.fi)
  • Nearly every single quantity an electrical engineer encounters - whether it's a resistance, voltage or a length - has a unit. (maplesoft.com)
  • You can use Maple to derive and manipulate transfer functions of electric circuits using Kirchoff's current and voltage laws. (maplesoft.com)
  • Power Quality(PQ) can be defined as the quality of electrical power during any abnormal behavior on any power system arising in the form of voltage or current, which affects the normal operation of electrical or electronic equipment. (electricalvolt.com)
  • The greater the output impedance the greater the voltage drop with lower impedance loads. (blogspot.com)
  • The discussion will be limited to more common low-voltage 480/120 V electrical distribution equipment encountered in most facilities. (csemag.com)
  • This is the generic class for electrical systems wherein a single electrical source is coupled to a single electrical load circuit and means are provided which control the magnitude or level of the current or voltage of either or both of said circuits and/or the phase angle between the current or voltage of either or both of said circuits. (uspto.gov)
  • In order to be classified in this class, the system must operate to control only (1) the magnitude of the current or voltage and/or (2) the phase angle between the current and voltage of an electric circuit. (uspto.gov)
  • This class provides for voltage and/or current magnitude and phase control systems as defined in Class Scope and Voltage Magnitude and Phase Control Systems, above, even though the electric load in the output circuit is recited by its characteristics (e.g., "an inductive load", a load having a negative current-resistance characteristic, etc. (uspto.gov)
  • This class provides for voltage and/or current magnitude control systems as defined in the class definition where the means interposed between the electrical source circuit and the load circuit for controlling the voltage and/or current magnitude includes an electronic tube. (uspto.gov)
  • Her primary areas of investigation include Control theory, Electric power system, Wind power, Voltage source and Electrical impedance. (research.com)
  • She has included themes like Electrical impedance, Voltage source, Converters and AC power in her Control theory study. (research.com)
  • Her Electronic engineering research includes themes of Power control, Smart grid, Input impedance, Voltage and Impedance matching. (research.com)
  • Studies reported in this thesis are concerned with the harmonic voltage profile calculation of an electric power transmission network. (usask.ca)
  • The 1uF decoupling capacitors have been chosen to present negligible impedance at 1KHz. (mathworks.com)
  • The image reconstruction process is performed by injecting a precise electric current to the peripheral boundaries of the object, measuring the peripheral voltages induced from it and processing the collected data. (sciopen.com)
  • A dynamic model of a six pulse ac/dc converter is presented and the effect of the impedance of the converter transformer on the commutation delay is included to accurately determine the harmonic spectrum of the line current of the converter. (usask.ca)
  • Despite their limited resolution, seismic data integrated with electromagnetic resistivity log measurements improve the description of rock properties by considering the coupled effects of pore space and fluid saturation in the joint acoustic and electrical domains. (onepetro.org)
  • This class excludes systems having a plurality of either electrical source (input) circuits or output circuits. (uspto.gov)
  • For furnaces on which this system is installed, the problem of overestimated standard deviations of currents and powers of electric arcs is indicated, which leads to non-optimal operation and increased operating costs. (rudmet.ru)
  • A technical effect has been achieved in the form of a reduction in the standard deviations of the signals of currents and powers of electric arcs, which has ensured a reduction in time under current and the specific consumption of electricity. (rudmet.ru)
  • CABLES™ solves electric line parameters such as capacitance, eddy currents and electric field strength. (integratedsoft.com)
  • 1.3.3 Analysis of Single Impedance Arcs. (typeset.io)
  • Electrical conductivity varies considerably among various biological tissues (absolute EIT) or the movement of fluids and gases within tissues (difference EIT). (wikipedia.org)
  • The structure of the circuit for indirect control of the total conductivity in the electric mode control system of HIREG EAFs (Danieli, Italy) is considered. (rudmet.ru)
  • The problem of recovering the internal conductivity from this data is extremely ill-conditioned and, by contrast to many other medical imaging techniques, nonlinear. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • From stub matching and circuit analysis to transmission line modeling and semiconductor math, Maple delivers a robust, auditable environment for the types of analyses performed by Electrical Engineers. (maplesoft.com)
  • 9. Vinayaka V. M., Vinayaka K. U. Modeling and simulation of electric furnace in steel industry for power quality analysis. (rudmet.ru)
  • 10. Gała M., Sawicki A., Jagieła K. Modeling of asymmetrical operating states of AC electric arc furnace in the power system. (rudmet.ru)
  • Engell, Sebastian Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive model of an industrial electric arc furnace (EAF) that is based upon several rigorous first-principles submodels of the heat exchange in the EAF and practical experience from an industrial melt shop. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Why is the measured impedance of the bladder tissue different from the computational modelling results? (springer.com)
  • It is widely applied to characterize biological tissues, where the measured impedance is often referred to as tissue bioimpedance 2 . (nature.com)
  • Timothy Chevalier also developed a fully parallel 3-D nonlinear multi-moment hydrodynamic code for the simulation of electrostatic sheath formation in warm unbounded collisionless magnetized plasmas. (ku.edu.tr)
  • The main idea of the proposed solution is to use a digital analogue of the electrical circuit of the furnace with the HIREG control system to carry out an iterative search for the most optimal controller parameters, provided that its non-optimal operation is detected in accordance with a set of predetermined criteria. (rudmet.ru)
  • The aim is to obtain knowledge of nonlinear loads which could cause unwanted dynamics or stability issues for the DC-microgrid. (aau.dk)
  • This leads to the investigation of the nonlinear loads: Constant Power Loads and Reversible Solid Oxide Cells. (aau.dk)
  • Average-responding meters normally work well for linear loads (standard induction motors, resistance heating, incandescent lights and more), but if non-linear loads (electronic/electric-discharge lighting, adjustable-speed drive systems and so on) are present, errors occur, which could make the readings lower than expected. (electronicsforu.com)
  • Improvement of efficiency of electric arc furnaces and ladle-furnace units through the use of advanced algorithms to control electrical modes: monograph. (rudmet.ru)
  • 7. Yakimov I. A., Radionov A. A., Maklakova E. A. Investigation of electrical characteristics of highpower electric arc furnaces in the mode of stabilizing the primary current of the furnace transformer by means the thyristor regulator in the intermediate circuit. (rudmet.ru)
  • Where the system includes a plurality of different types of devices which form the basis of the principal subdivision of the class, that is, a dynamoelectric system, and/or an electronic tube, and/or a transformer, and/or an impedance, the original classification is in the first occurring (lowest numbered) subclass which has a definition that will include one or more of such types of devices. (uspto.gov)
  • Or do I also include the load impedance, which in my case is the amplifier input, and is 30k? (itecnotes.com)
  • This class does not take dynamoelectric machine conversion systems wherein the input electrical energy is converted into output electrical energy whose character differs from the input energy. (uspto.gov)
  • 3.2.1.7 Effects of Connections and Input Impedance. (typeset.io)
  • The code calculates the current distribution and the input impedance of the antenna in the inner magnetosphere. (ku.edu.tr)
  • Input impedance for a 100-m antenna at L = 3. (ku.edu.tr)
  • DMM input impedance. (electronicsforu.com)
  • An equivalent electrical circuit using three circuit components based on the Cole-impedance equation is widely used for various clinical applications 17 , such as body composition analysis 18 . (nature.com)
  • Investigation of operating modes of electric arc furnaces in combination with static thyristor reactive power compensators. (rudmet.ru)
  • This means, that a part of the electric current leaves the transverse plane and results in an impedance transfer. (wikipedia.org)
  • M. Friesen and A. Gurevich, Nonlinear current flow in superconductors with restricted geometries , Phys. (aimsciences.org)
  • This work describes a statistical rock-physics-driven inversion of seismic acoustic impedance (AI) and ultradeep azimuthal resistivity (UDAR) log data, acquired while drilling, to estimate porosity, water saturation, and facies classes around the wellbore. (onepetro.org)
  • A nonparametric statistical approach is used to approximate nonsymmetric volumetric distributions of petrophysical properties and to consider the characteristic nonlinear relationship linking water saturation with resistivity. (onepetro.org)
  • The transients deteriorates the power quality, and can cause failure of insulation of electrical system. (electricalvolt.com)
  • All insulation is also a dielectric whose electrical properties affect the integrity of the signal. (sydneyhificastlehill.com.au)
  • Electrical conserving port associated with the resistor positive terminal. (mathworks.com)
  • In this video, 6 specific applications are examined as examples of the kinds of tasks that electrical engineers perform within Maple. (maplesoft.com)
  • Tulupov P. G., Ivekeev V. S. Comparative analysis of modern electric control systems for electric arc furnaces and ladle-furnace units. (rudmet.ru)
  • Systems wherein a particular load device is recited in the output circuit are classified with the particular art even though the load device is recited by name only (e.g., "a motor", "an electric furnace", etc. (uspto.gov)
  • This organization is considered to be an electric motor driven generator system classified elsewhere. (uspto.gov)
  • Connections + and - are conserving electrical ports corresponding to the positive and negative terminals of the resistor, respectively. (mathworks.com)
  • An implementation of a nonlinear bipolar transistor based on the Ebers-Moll equivalent circuit. (mathworks.com)
  • This class does not take those systems wherein an electrical source energizes an electric motor which drives a generator whose output supplies an electric load circuit. (uspto.gov)
  • New York Engineers use various software for power system study calculations (short circuit, coordination, arc flash) and analysis to provide the best solution for different equations of power flow within an electrical system. (ny-engineers.com)
  • Linear Impedance Design (LID) is a patented circuit that corrects the non-linear electrical resistance of the multiple driver sets that make up this 2-driver IEM. (audioessence.ch)
  • Do I include the source impedance only? (itecnotes.com)
  • If you want to be assured a source will work well with just about any headphone, simply make sure the output impedance is under 2 ohms. (blogspot.com)
  • But it's almost always less accurate compared to using a low impedance source. (blogspot.com)
  • The facility electrical distribution system has more influence on the quality of power than any other single factor, and it is an area that can be positively impacted by good electrical facility design, installation and maintenance. (dranetz.com)
  • So what output impedance do headphone manufactures design for? (blogspot.com)
  • How can Power Quality affect the facility electrical distribution system? (dranetz.com)
  • The facility electrical distribution system has several components, each one capable of affecting power quality. (dranetz.com)
  • Some symptoms of a high-impedance neutral problem are high failure rates of power supplies, erratic equipment operation and system crashing, and load crashing when one load is turned off. (dranetz.com)
  • This class provides for the electrical system as distinguished from the structure of the devices which may be used in or as part of the system. (uspto.gov)
  • Her work carried out in the field of Electric power system brings together such families of science as Marine engineering, Electrical engineering and Electric power. (research.com)
  • Marta Molinas mostly deals with Control theory, Electronic engineering, Electric power system, Electrical engineering and Power electronics. (research.com)
  • Her studies deal with areas such as Control engineering, Microgrid, Renewable energy and Energy storage as well as Electric power system. (research.com)
  • As part of one scientific family, Marta Molinas deals mainly with the area of Wind power, narrowing it down to issues related to the Turbine, and often Synchronizing and Nonlinear system. (research.com)
  • PC Sound Card output impedance is 50 Ohms I guess? (itecnotes.com)
  • Somehow I don't think I can use the same micro filter after the final amp output where the signal is powerful and load impedance is low. (itecnotes.com)
  • The output Impedance of headphone sources is one of the most common reasons the same headphones can sound different depending on what they're plugged into. (blogspot.com)
  • This article used to be about both output impedance and headphone impedance. (blogspot.com)
  • All you really need to know is most headphones work best when the output impedance is less than 1/8th the headphone impedance. (blogspot.com)
  • So, for example, with 32 ohm Grados the output impedance can be, at most, 32/8 = 4 ohms. (blogspot.com)
  • The Etymotic HF5s are 16 ohms so the max output impedance is 16/8 = 2 ohms. (blogspot.com)
  • A real world example is the Behringer UCA202 with a 50 ohm output impedance. (blogspot.com)
  • As output impedance increases electrical damping is reduced. (blogspot.com)
  • To minimize all three of the above problems, it's only necessary to keep the output impedance less than 1/8th the headphone impedance. (blogspot.com)
  • Or, put another way, just divide the headphone impedance by 8 to get the maximum output impedance without potential audible degradation. (blogspot.com)
  • It specifies an output impedance of 120 ohms. (blogspot.com)
  • A lot of professional gear has a 20 - 50 ohm headphone output impedance. (blogspot.com)
  • G. Baruch, G. Fibich and S. Tsynkov, High-order numerical method for the nonlinear Helmholtz equation with material discontinuities in one space dimension , J. Comput. (aimsciences.org)
  • These proceedings continue the series edited in the framework of the traditional triennial International Conference on El- trical Bio-Impedance (ICEBI), the most important platform for presenting recent scientific achievements in the area of el- th nd trical bio-impedance. (springer.com)
  • In: Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, 116 (5). (iisc.ac.in)
  • Electrical engineers are a unique breed. (maplesoft.com)
  • Given these powerful features (and more), it's no surprise that many electrical engineers use Maple. (maplesoft.com)
  • It is useful for both electrical and nonelectrical engineers to understand basic features when selecting, specifying, and applying electrical distribution systems. (csemag.com)
  • The power quality is of utmost importance for reliable operation of the electrical equipment. (electricalvolt.com)
  • CABLES™ provides outstanding visualization features for detailed analysis of electrical and electronic systems. (integratedsoft.com)
  • Working alongside leading experts, you will research topics at the cutting edge of electrical and electronic engineering. (city.ac.uk)
  • The research for Electrical and Electronic Engineering is organised around four Research Centres. (city.ac.uk)
  • A good first class honours degree in Electrical, Electronic Engineering, Physics or Mathematics from a UK university or a recognised equivalent from an overseas institution. (city.ac.uk)
  • In 1964, Balmain performed some of the first analytical research on electric dipole antennas in cold plasmas ( Balmain , 1964 ). (ku.edu.tr)
  • Understand basic features when selecting and specifying electrical distribution equipment. (csemag.com)
  • To narrow the broad scope of electrical distribution, this discussion will focus on practical considerations for specifying electrical distribution systems. (csemag.com)
  • Mechanical impedance is a research topic. (typeset.io)
  • This means you've got what you need for most general-purpose electrical testing jobs in one handy device. (rs-online.com)
  • The code can be used to determine the effects of the plasma sheath on the near field characteristics of electric dipole antennas. (ku.edu.tr)
  • Marta Molinas spends much of her time researching Control theory, Electrical impedance, Artificial intelligence, Pattern recognition and Hilbert-Huang transform. (research.com)
  • Her primary areas of study are Control theory, Electrical impedance, Hilbert-Huang transform, Pattern recognition and Artificial intelligence. (research.com)
  • It assumes that the energy demand of the process is satisfied by six sources, the electric arc, the oxy-fuel burners, the oxygen lances, the combustion of coal, and the oxidation of metal in the liquid and in the solid phase. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Let us show you how Maple Flow can be used to solve your electrical engineering challenges. (vcdtree.com)