For example," Hawking writes, "if the electric charge of the electron had been only slightly different, stars would have been unable to burn hydrogen and helium, or else they would not have exploded. (simpletoremember.com)
The Gas Liquefiers Market research report offers in-depth analysis of several categories based on Applications (Industrial Gas , Oil & Gas , Others) and Types (Nitrogen Liquefier , Oxygen Liquefier , Helium Liquefier , Others). (theglobeandmail.com)
Rift gases on the other hand are stuffed with mantle CO 2 and have a strong mantle helium isotope signature. (eurekalert.org)
The gases studied were helium (7440597) (He), nitrogen (7727379) (N2), nitrous - oxide (10024972) (N2O), and sulfur-fluoride (2551624) (SF6). (cdc.gov)
Liquid11
Liquid helium is used in cryogenics (its largest single use, consuming about a quarter of production), and in the cooling of superconducting magnets, with its main commercial application in MRI scanners. (wikipedia.org)
Nitrogen is supplied both as liquid and as compressed gas. (iigases.com)
Yes, there are things colder than liquid nitrogen , like most of the Universe! (jlab.org)
I was not joking when I said the entire universe is colder than liquid nitrogen. (jlab.org)
We use liquid nitrogen, but mostly liquid helium, here at Jefferson Lab to cool our electron accelerator. (jlab.org)
Liquid nitrogen is a LOT cheaper than the helium so we use that for our demonstrations. (jlab.org)
Liquid nitrogen is very inexpensive because we can get it from air. (jlab.org)
Custom-designed cryostats made of metal and non metallic materials (e.g. glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) or carbon fiber) have been developed for cooling of sensors with liquid nitrogen or liquid helium. (ilkdresden.de)
Characterization of single phase and two-phase flows (by measurements of mass flow rate, volume ratio, pressure drop and wall temperature) along a vertical test section (h = 1.2 m) and a horizontal test section (Φ = 0.4 m) at the temperatures of liquid helium and nitrogen. (cea.fr)
Samples can be studied in gas atmospheres, in vacuum and at cryogenic temperatures using a liquid nitrogen/helium micro cryostat (400 - 10K). (lu.se)
Cryostat1
First position independent helium cryostat (e.g. for sensor cooling) made of GRP, with exhaust gas cooled radiation shield instead of a LN 2 reservoir. (ilkdresden.de)
INERT GAS1
Nitrogen is an inert gas and major applications make use of this property of the gas. (iigases.com)
Helium leak test performed at factory. (horiba.com)
Isotope1
The most common isotope of helium in the universe is helium-4, the vast majority of which was formed during the Big Bang. (wikipedia.org)
Temperatures1
Online calculator, figures and tables showing density and specific weight of nitrogen, N 2 , at temperatures ranging from -175 to 1325 °C (-280 to 2400 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units. (engineeringtoolbox.com)
Purity1
This unique system features a special CCD sensor with high sensitivity in the far-UV wavelength range with capability to measure from 115 nm with a resolution better than 0.5 nm under vacuum or high purity nitrogen. (horiba.com)
Amounts1
Accelerating these particles, particularly if they or the substrate they are coating is a harder, higher performance material, can require large amounts of helium (as the accelerant). (europa.eu)
Decompression3
The nitrogen framework persists to ambient pressure on decompression after removal of helium, forming pure polymeric nitrogen, t-N. t-N is dynamically and mechanically stable at ambient pressure with an estimated energy density of ~11.31 kJ/g, marking it out as a remarkable high-energy density material. (osti.gov)
Thus we set to work to scrutinize the sources of the Helium coefficients within the ZH-L framework [attachment], which are needed to calculate decompression obligations. (researchgate.net)
Decompression Sickness Decompression sickness is a disorder in which nitrogen dissolved in the blood and tissues by high pressure forms bubbles as pressure decreases. (msdmanuals.com)
Pressures2
Here we suggest a route for synthesis of a tetragonal polymeric nitrogen, denoted t-N, via He-N compounds at high pressures. (osti.gov)
Nitrogen narcosis (rapture of the deep) is caused by high partial pressures of nitrogen. (msdmanuals.com)
Framework1
At high pressure, HeN 4 comprises a polymeric channel-like nitrogen framework filled with linearly arranged helium atoms. (osti.gov)
Density3
Polymeric nitrogen, stabilized by compressing pure molecular nitrogen, has yet to be recovered to ambient conditions, precluding its application as a high-energy density material. (osti.gov)
As with any gas whose density differs from that of air, inhaling a small volume of helium temporarily changes the timbre and quality of the human voice. (wikipedia.org)
This radiogenic helium is trapped with natural gas in concentrations as great as 7% by volume, from which it is extracted commercially by a low-temperature separation process called fractional distillation. (wikipedia.org)
Behavior1
In scientific research, the behavior of the two fluid phases of helium-4 (helium I and helium II) is important to researchers studying quantum mechanics (in particular the property of superfluidity) and to those looking at the phenomena, such as superconductivity, produced in matter near absolute zero. (wikipedia.org)
Natural gas2
In 1903, large reserves of helium were found in natural gas fields in parts of the United States, by far the largest supplier of the gas today. (wikipedia.org)
However, some studies suggest that helium produced deep in the Earth by radioactive decay can collect in natural gas reserves in larger-than-expected quantities, in some cases having been released by volcanic activity. (wikipedia.org)
High1
Its abundance is similar to this in both the Sun and Jupiter, because of the very high nuclear binding energy (per nucleon) of helium-4, with respect to the next three elements after helium. (wikipedia.org)
Heat1
0.1 W standby heat load corresponds to 3 liter helium a day. (ilkdresden.de)
Elements3
Most terrestrial helium present today is created by the natural radioactive decay of heavy radioactive elements (thorium and uranium, although there are other examples), as the alpha particles emitted by such decays consist of helium-4 nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
On March 26, 1895, Scottish chemist Sir William Ramsay isolated helium on Earth by treating the mineral cleveite (a variety of uraninite with at least 10% rare-earth elements) with mineral acids. (wikipedia.org)
If we nudge it a few percent in the other direction, then no elements heavier than helium form. (simpletoremember.com)
Pressure1
It verifies the tightness of complex machines with a maximum pressure of 25 bar through a double test with nitrogen (base tightness) and helium (to detect micro-leakages, with a proper sniffer positioned on a anthropomorphic robot). (sytecgroup.com)
Common2
The above image was taken in the ultraviolet light emitted by a specific type of ionized helium , a common element on the Sun . Particularly hot areas appear in white, while relatively cool areas appear in red. (greatdreams.com)
Even though Helium is the second most common element in the universe there is only a fixed amount available on the earth, so we don't waste any of it. (jlab.org)
Process1
The COLA project has created novel laser-assisted cold-spray equipment which can be retro-fitted around existing cold spray plant, with proven integrated process control, and with demonstrated capability in depositing industrially relevant coatings under what would normally be unfavourable conditions, without having to resort to expensive helium. (europa.eu)
Binding energy1
This helium-4 binding energy also accounts for why it is a product of both nuclear fusion and radioactive decay. (wikipedia.org)
Element1
Lockyer was the first to propose that the line was due to a new element, which he named after the Sun. The formal discovery of the element was made in 1895 by chemists Sir William Ramsay, Per Teodor Cleve, and Nils Abraham Langlet, who found helium emanating from the uranium ore, cleveite, which is now not regarded as a separate mineral species, but as a variety of uraninite. (wikipedia.org)
Type1
Fully considering the economic change by this health crisis, by Type, Nitrogen Liquefier accounting for percenatge of the Gas Liquefiers global market in 2021, is projected to value USD million by 2028, growing at a revised CAGR in the post-COVID-19 period. (theglobeandmail.com)
Tube1
Lung volume can also be measured when you breathe nitrogen or helium gas through a tube for a certain period of time. (medlineplus.gov)
Laser1
With laser heating, even harder particles or harder substrates have the potential to be processed using more affordable nitrogen gas. (europa.eu)
Earth1
In 1881, Italian physicist Luigi Palmieri detected helium on Earth for the first time through its D3 spectral line, when he analyzed a material that had been sublimated during a recent eruption of Mount Vesuvius. (wikipedia.org)