• In striatal neurons in primary culture, both the CB1 receptor agonist [3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-11-hydroxy-Δ 8 tetrahydrocannabinol] (HU210) and the D2 receptor agonist quinpirole inhibited forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation when applied separately. (jneurosci.org)
  • Agonist-induced internalization of G-protein-coupled receptors is an important mechanism for regulating receptor abundance and availability at the plasma membrane. (elsevierpure.com)
  • in this study we have used immunolabeling techniques and confocal microscopy to investigate agonist-induced internalization and trafficking of CB1 receptors in rat cultured hippocampal neurons. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The levels of cell surface CB1 receptor immunoreactivity associated with presynaptic GABAergic terminals decreased markedly (by up to 84%) after exposure to the cannabinoid agonist (+)-WIN55212, in a concentration-dependent (0.1-1 muM) and stereoselective manner. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Differential labeling of cell surface and intracellular pools of receptor demonstrated that the reduction in cell surface immunoreactivity reflects agonist-induced internalization and suggests that the internalized CB1 receptors are translocated toward the soma. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In these cells substantial CB1 receptor internalization was also observed after exposure to (+)-WIN55212 (1 muM) for relatively short periods (30 min) of agonist exposure. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Agonist-induced internalization at presynaptic terminals has important implications for the modulatory effects of G-protein-coupled receptors on neurotransmitter release. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 19 AEA, the most investigated endocannabinoid, acts as a partial CB1 agonist and a weak CB2 agonist and activates vanilloid type 1 receptor. (arvojournals.org)
  • It has recently been demonstrated that prenatal exposure to the cannabinoid receptor 1 agonist (R)-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinyl-methyl)pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-1-naphthalenylmethanone (WIN 55,212-2) produces memory deficit in adulthood, an effect associated with a reduced functionality of the glutamatergic system. (researchgate.net)
  • CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonist prevents NGF-induced sensitization of TRPV1 in sensory neurons. (wisc.edu)
  • Remimazolam, a short-acting GABA(A) receptor agonist for intravenous sedation and/or anesthesia in day-case surgical and non-surgical procedures. (wisc.edu)
  • D-serine is a necessary co-agonist of synaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), but the physiological factors regulating its impact on memory processes are scantly known. (bordeaux-neurocampus.fr)
  • Accordingly, GFAP-CB1-KO displayed lower occupancy of the co-agonist binding site of synaptic hippocampal NMDARs. (bordeaux-neurocampus.fr)
  • The amplitude of IPSCs was depressed by the synthetic mixed CB1/CB2 cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55212-2 (10(-6) and 10(-5) m). (cannabisuk.com)
  • Rimonabant redux and strategies to improve the future outlook of CB1 receptor neutral-antagonist/inverse-agonist therapies. (jefferson.edu)
  • In vivo restoration of cannabinoid levels, either by administration of the type 1 cannabinoid receptor agonist HU210 or the inhibitor of the principal catabolic enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase, URB597, completely reverted the increased morbidity and mortality of adult neural stem and progenitor cell-ablated mice suffering from epilepsy and ischaemic stroke. (univr.it)
  • They showed that cannabinoid receptor agonists, drugs that mimic the actions of endocannabinoids or THC, could evoke the same reduction in inhibitory currents caused by depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike direct CB1 agonists, URB597 does not exert rewarding effects in the conditioned place preference test or produce generalization to the discriminative effects of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in rats. (erowid.org)
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of use of the synthetic cannabinoid agonists UR-144 and XLR-11 in human urine. (jefferson.edu)
  • Increased understanding of cannabinoid receptor pharmacology and the discovery of endogenous ligands of these receptors has prompted debate and further research into the clinical utility of exogenous cannabinoid receptor agonists relative to the unwanted psychotropic effects of these agents. (nature.com)
  • Here, we synthesize evidence that supports the existence of GPCR-effector macromolecular membrane assemblies (GEMMAs) comprised of specific GPCRs, G proteins, plasma membrane effector molecules and other associated transmembrane proteins that are pre-assembled prior to receptor activation by agonists, which then leads to subsequent rearrangement of the GEMMA components. (nih.gov)
  • There are 60 companies currently involved in the development of cannabinoid receptor agonists, according to Datamonitor. (pharmavoice.com)
  • A deterioration of working memory is observed in people who consume drugs containing cannabinoid compounds found in cannabis leaves and buds. (medicaldaily.com)
  • This article reviews the limited animal and human studies investigating cutaneous applications of cannabinoids and cannabis-derived products, with a focus on cannabidiol (CBD) and its potential mechanisms of action. (naturalmedicinejournal.com)
  • 2003). Here cannabinoids are defined as ingredients of the cannabis plant or other compounds that bind to and activate cannabinoid receptors, and Table 1 summarizes their pharmacological properties. (420magazine.com)
  • Δ9-THC, the main psychoactive constituent of cannabis, binds to CB1 receptors in the endogenous cannabinoid signaling system. (fabbs.org)
  • Besides nerolidol, most terpenoids tested in a neuronal model had little interaction with CB1-based signaling at concentrations that are likely to be encountered by consumers of cannabis-related products. (fabbs.org)
  • The active constituent of cannabis, Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, acts by binding to brain CB1 cannabinoid receptors, but an alternative approach might be to develop agents that amplify the actions of endogenous cannabinoids by blocking their deactivation. (erowid.org)
  • Cannabis is a chemically diverse domesticated plant genus which produces a unique class of biologically active secondary metabolites referred to as cannabinoids. (frontiersin.org)
  • A chemotypic diversity panel comprised of 99 individuals from 20 Cannabis populations sourced from the Ecofibre Global Germplasm Collection ( ecofibre.com.au and anandahemp.com ) was used to examine alkyl cannabinoid variation across vegetative, flowering and maturation stages. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our results suggest that more extensive chemical and genetic characterization of the Cannabis genepool could facilitate the metabolic engineering of alkyl cannabinoid chemotypes. (frontiersin.org)
  • El cannabis y las terapias a base de cannabis han demostrado tener efectos beneficiosos en varios tipos de epilepsia, a través de diferentes mecanismos biológicos. (cannabismedicinal.cl)
  • De este modo, en los pacientes que poseen un sistema endocannabinoide disfuncional, el cannabis y las terapias a base de cannabis pueden dirigirse, realmente, a la causa de la epilepsia y proporcionar un efecto neuroprotector que reduce la gravedad y la frecuencia de los síntomas. (cannabismedicinal.cl)
  • Most drugs of abuse examined to date decrease adult hippocampal neurogenesis, but the effects of cannabis (marijuana or cannabinoids) on hippocampal neurogenesis remain unknown. (jci.org)
  • The research suggests a medical cannabis supplement may be beneficial as THC as well as CBD both of which are found in cannabis, have an exact structure similar to cannabinoids naturally produced within the human body. (ccdeliveryservice.com)
  • Since an endocannabinoid system contains significant levels FAAH and low doses of cannabis may maintain the CB1 as well as CB2 receptors active and break down plaques in the brain, shield neurons, and reduce access to FAAH levels. (ccdeliveryservice.com)
  • A number of scientific studies confirm that the health-promoting properties of various spices are mediated by the same receptors in the human brain and body that respond pharmacologically to cannabis. (projectcbd.org)
  • The term "endocannabinoid system" refers to the recently discovered neuromodulator system comprising cannabinoid receptors (which represent the receptors of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major active component of cannabis) and their endogenous ligands. (thctotalhealthcare.com)
  • No clinical trials carried out using cannabinoids in the treatment of affective disorders have been published to date, although anecdotal reports have described both antidepressant and antimanic properties of cannabis. (thctotalhealthcare.com)
  • The U.S. approval of Epidiolex in June 2018 - the first plant-based cannabinoid to be approved by the FDA - is viewed as a huge shift forward for the science surrounding cannabis, providing a pathway for other cannabinoid-based drugs to come to the market. (pharmavoice.com)
  • Over 80 chemicals, known as cannabinoids, have been found in the Cannabis sativa plant. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This augmentation was blocked by the CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716A or the D2 antagonist sulpride. (jneurosci.org)
  • Inhibition was maximal at 16 hr and abolished in the presence of SR141716A, a selective CB1 receptor antagonist. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The less active enantiomer S(-)-WIN 55212-3 was ineffective, and the protective effect of R(+)-WIN 55212-2 was blocked by the specific central cannabinoid (CB1) cannabinoid receptor antagonist N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2, 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide-hydrochloride. (erowid.org)
  • These actions are prevented by the CB1 antagonist rimonabant, are accompanied by increased brain anandamide levels, and are maintained upon repeated URB597 administration. (erowid.org)
  • The CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716A (10(-6) m) prevented the inhibition produced by WIN55212-2 (10(-5) m). (cannabisuk.com)
  • The CB1 antagonist, SR141716A, is protective in permanent photothrombotic cerebral ischemia. (jefferson.edu)
  • Direct intra-accumbal infusion of a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist abolishes WIN 55,212-2-induced aversion. (jefferson.edu)
  • This review discusses the anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoid compounds at molecular, cellular and whole animal levels, first by examining the evidence for anti-inflammatory effects of cannabinoids obtained using in vivo animal models of clinical neuroinflammatory conditions, specifically rodent models of multiple sclerosis, and second by describing the endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system components in immune cells. (420magazine.com)
  • The affinity and selectivity of cannabinoids to targets of the human endocannabinoid system depend on alkyl side chain length, and these structural-activity relationships can be utilized for the development of novel therapeutics. (frontiersin.org)
  • Both plant cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system have been implicated as risk factors in the development of depression as well as therapeutic targets to treat depression . (ghmedical.com)
  • A subpopulation of GABAergic cells in cortical structures expresses CB1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1 ) on their axon terminals. (nih.gov)
  • Therefore, the proportion of GABAergic terminals expressing CB1 and the morphological and electrophysiological properties of CB1 -immunoreactive interneurons should be revealed. (nih.gov)
  • Our data suggest that CB1 -expressing interneurons with different axonal projections have comparable physiological characteristics, contributing to a similar proportion of GABAergic inputs along the somato-dendritic axis of CA3 pyramidal cells. (nih.gov)
  • Neurons, and particularly GABAergic neurons, were most sensitive to THC. (unige.ch)
  • 2011. Role of CB1 cannabinoid receptors on GABAergic neurons in brain aging . (marijuana-syndromes.com)
  • Inhibition of GABAergic neurotransmission in the ventral tegmental area by cannabinoids by Szabo B, Siemes S, Wallmichrath I. (cannabisuk.com)
  • Our hypothesis was that cannabinoids depress the GABAergic inhibition of dopaminergic neurons in the VTA. (cannabisuk.com)
  • The results indicate that activation of CB1 cannabinoid receptors inhibits GABAergic neurotransmission in the VTA with a presynaptic mechanism. (cannabisuk.com)
  • Depression of the GABAergic inhibitory input of dopaminergic neurons would increase their firing rate in vivo. (cannabisuk.com)
  • We investigated the ratio and the origin of CB1 -expressing inhibitory boutons in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. (nih.gov)
  • GABA is typically released by small interneurons in many regions of the brain, where its job is to inhibit the activity of primary neurons, such as the CA1 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus or the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. (wikipedia.org)
  • In their experiments with projection neurons in the hippocampus and cerebellum, both groups noticed that a train of action potentials in these cells resulted in a temporary reduction in inhibitory currents caused by GABA-ergic interneurons. (wikipedia.org)
  • While initially discovered in CA1 neurons of the hippocampus and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum, depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition is a pretty ubiquitous phenomenon and has been demonstrated in other areas of the brain such as the basal ganglia, the cortex, the amygdala, and the hypothalamus (Katona et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • In particular, prenatal cannabinoid treatment reduced the phosphorylated levels of ERK1/2 in selected subcellular compartments of hippocampus, frontal and prefrontal cortex, whereas no changes were observed in the total levels of these proteins. (researchgate.net)
  • Distribution of interneurons expressing EGFP from the GAD65 promoter in the day 14 mouse hippocampus colabelled for the CB1 cannabinoid receptor (red) and counterstained with DAPI (blue) to show the cell layers. (ucsd.edu)
  • This study shows that endocannabinoid signaling in the hippocampus is necessary for object recognition memory by activating astroglial type-1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1). (bordeaux-neurocampus.fr)
  • Melatonin modulates cell survival of new neurons in the hippocampus of adult mice. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • It is believed that those with Down's Syndrome possess plenty of cannabinoid receptors of type 1 (CB1) within their Hippocampus (a component of our brain) that are hyperactive. (ccdeliveryservice.com)
  • Methanandamide (an analog of an endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide) also reduced cell surface labeling (by 43% at 1 muM). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Bisogno T, Hanus L, De Petrocellis L et al (2001) Molecular targets for cannabidiol and its synthetic analogues: effect on vanilloid VR1 receptors and on the cellular uptake and enzymatic hydrolysis of anandamide. (springer.com)
  • Following the cloning of CB1 and CB2 receptors, two endocannabinoid ligands were identified and characterized: arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) (Devane et al. (420magazine.com)
  • A cannabinoid system composed of several receptors and of endogenous cannabinoids, including anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG), 12 , 13 has been identified in the brain, the peripheral tissue, and the eye. (arvojournals.org)
  • Brailoiu GC, Oprea TI, Zhao P, Abood ME, Brailoiu E. Intracellular cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors are activated by anandamide. (jefferson.edu)
  • These groups were studying the responses of large pyramidal projection neurons to GABA, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Activation of GABA receptors on these cells, whether they are ionotropic or metabotropic, typically results in the influx of chloride ions into that target cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • We also review current models for the mechanisms of GABA-mediated synchronization of neural activity, focusing on parvalbumin-positive GABA neurons, which are altered in schizophrenia and whose function has been strongly linked to the production of neural synchrony. (hindawi.com)
  • 2006 ). The majority of CB1 receptors is localized on striatal glutamatergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic interneurons and projection neurons. (springer.com)
  • GABA(A) receptor-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) were evoked by electrical stimulation in the vicinity of the recorded neurons. (cannabisuk.com)
  • Saffron also enhances the functioning of the GABA receptor, which explains in part its efficacy as relaxant and nerve tonic. (projectcbd.org)
  • Clonazepam (CLZ) is a positive allosteric modulator of GABA A receptors that potentiates responses to GABA without opening the GABAA receptor chloride channel itself. (scientificarchives.com)
  • This has been demonstrated to be caused by the release of endogenous cannabinoids from the depolarized neuron which diffuses to nearby neurons, and binds and activates CB1 receptors, which act presynaptically to reduce neurotransmitter release. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pertussis toxin treatment of striatal neurons prevented the inhibition of cAMP accumulation by D2 receptors but unmasked a cannabinoid receptor-mediated stimulatory effect on cAMP accumulation. (jneurosci.org)
  • Prior to the demonstration that depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition was dependent on the cannabinoid CB1 receptor function, there was no way of producing an in vitro endocannabinoid mediated effect. (wikipedia.org)
  • Depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition is classically produced in a brain slice experiment (i.e. a 300-400 µm slice of brain, with intact axons and synapses) where a single neuron is "depolarized" (the normal −70 mV potential across the neuronal membrane is reduced, usually to −30 to 0 mV) for a period of 1 to 10 seconds. (wikipedia.org)
  • All three demonstrated heavy involvement of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor in depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition, suggesting that the endocannabinoids were the brain's mediators of depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition. (wikipedia.org)
  • They also demonstrated that depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition could be prevented by cannabinoid receptor antagonists, drugs that block the actions of cannabinoid compounds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other lines of evidence support the role of the CB1 receptor in depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition. (wikipedia.org)
  • This receptor is distributed very widely throughout the brain, covering all areas where depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition has been observed (Herkenham et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cannabinoid-mediated activation of CB-1 leads to the inhibition of the neuron that they are bound to, but this can sometimes lead to a net result of activation down the stream of information. (hightimes.com)
  • The resulting conclusion from an article published in the esteemed journal Science was that activation of CB-1 in glutamatergic nocioreceptors, and the subsequent inhibition of the receptors, is the primary mechanism for pain reduction. (hightimes.com)
  • This is but one theory for the direct reduction in pain due to inhibition of pain receptors, yet there is another way to look at this issue. (hightimes.com)
  • Remember how I said that CB-1 may activate another circuit downstream as a result of inhibition of its parent neuron? (hightimes.com)
  • Effects of local anesthetics on opioid inhibition of calcium current in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. (wisc.edu)
  • Exogenous nerve growth factor attenuates opioid-induced inhibition of voltage-activated Ba2+ currents in rat sensory neurons. (wisc.edu)
  • Local anesthetic inhibition of voltage-activated potassium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. (wisc.edu)
  • KEY RESULTS: In primary neurons 2BAct and PRXS571 relieve the ISR-imposed translational inhibition while maintaining high ATF4 levels. (bvsalud.org)
  • Aside from these two receptors, evidence exists supporting the presence of yet uncloned cannabinoid receptors, a hypothesis predominantly based on pharmacological activity of cannabinoid compounds in CB1 and CB2 receptor-deficient mice or following the administration of 'selective' CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists (Jarai et al. (420magazine.com)
  • R(+)-WIN 55212-2 also protected cultured cerebral cortical neurons from in vitro hypoxia and glucose deprivation, but in contrast to the receptor-mediated neuroprotection observed in vivo, this in vitro effect was not stereoselective and was insensitive to CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists. (erowid.org)
  • However, this mechanism cannot fully explain novel results indicating that dopaminergic neurons also mediate the aversive effects of cannabinoids in rodents, and previous results showing that preferentially presynaptic adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonists counteract self-administration of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in nonhuman primates (NHPs). (nih.gov)
  • Here, we review evidence supporting the involvement of cortical astrocytic CB1Rs in the activation of corticostriatal neurons and that A2AR receptor heteromers localized in striatal glutamatergic terminals mediate the counteracting effects of the presynaptic A2AR antagonists, constituting potential targets for the treatment of cannabinoid use disorder (CUD). (nih.gov)
  • In the case of nocioreceptors, which are often glutamatergic (excitatory, glutamate-expressing) neurons, the activation of CB-1 will inhibit their activity. (hightimes.com)
  • Ruiz de Azua I, Martin-Garcia E, Domingo-Rodriguez L, Aparisi Rey A, Pascual Cuadrado D, Islami L, Turunen P, Remmers F, Lutz B, Maldonado R. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor in dorsal telencephalic glutamatergic neurons drives overconsumption of palatable food and obesity. (vallhebron.com)
  • To test the role of subventricular zone adult neural stem and progenitor cells in protecting central nervous system tissue from glutamatergic excitotoxicity, neurophysiological recordings of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents from single medium spiny striatal neurons were measured on acute brain slices. (univr.it)
  • Indeed, lipopolysaccharide-stimulated, but not unstimulated, subventricular zone adult neural stem and progenitor cells reverted the increased frequency and duration of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents by secreting the endocannabinod arachidonoyl ethanolamide, a molecule that regulates glutamatergic tone through type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1) binding. (univr.it)
  • The cannabinoid receptor-stimulated accumulation of cAMP was blocked in a concentration-dependent manner by SR141716A, suggesting that the response was regulated through the CB1 receptor. (jneurosci.org)
  • Electromyographic recordings evidenced an earlier and more dramatic muscle denervation in treated SOD1G93A mice that correlated with a decrease in motor neuron survival. (bvsalud.org)
  • 1995). There are notable studies showing the anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoid-like compounds, such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) metabolites and the endogenous compound palmitoylethanolamide. (420magazine.com)
  • Neurons in the dopamine system are studded with cannabinoid receptors (like CB1) which explains the addictive properties of cannabinoid substances. (ghmedical.com)
  • In this model, autaptic hippocampal neurons express CB1 receptors, the cellular machinery to synthesize and metabolize the endocannabinoid 2-AG, and several other forms of CB1-mediated neuronal plasticity (Kellogg et al. (fabbs.org)
  • Bidirectional communication between neurons and astrocytes shapes synaptic plasticity and behavior. (bordeaux-neurocampus.fr)
  • However, limited attempts have been made to characterize the plasticity of alkyl cannabinoid composition in different plant tissues and throughout development. (frontiersin.org)
  • Chemotype at the vegetative and flowering stages was found to be predictive of chemotype at maturation, indicating a low level of plasticity in cannabinoid composition. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cannabinoids exert many of their effects through activation of G i -protein-coupled receptors. (jneurosci.org)
  • Indeed, in spite of the reporting of conflicting results, the pharmacological enhancement of endocannabinoid activity at the CB1 cannabinoid receptor level appears to exert an antidepressant-like effect in some animal models of depression. (thctotalhealthcare.com)
  • Our results provide the first evidence that adult neural stem and progenitor cells located within the subventricular zone exert an 'innate' homeostatic regulatory role by protecting striatal neurons from glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. (univr.it)
  • In summary, this dynamic modulation of CB1 receptor expression may play an important role in the development of cannabinoid tolerance in the CNS. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Treatment of the pertussis toxin-treated cells with cholera toxin before CB1 receptor activation amplified the stimulatory pathway, suggesting that this response was mediated through a G s -type G-protein. (jneurosci.org)
  • In addition, CB1 activation significantly reduced the amplitude of the postsynaptic currents in each cell pair tested. (nih.gov)
  • This effect was associated with decreased activation of pathways linked to neurotrophin and glutamate receptor signaling. (researchgate.net)
  • a net activation of inhibitory networks may lead to cannabinoid activated loss of aversive memories and fear. (hightimes.com)
  • These results suggest that the adverse effects of THC were related either to THC accumulation or to cannabinoid receptor activation and associated with IL-6 upregulation. (unige.ch)
  • In turn, activation of astroglial CB1 receptors promotes NMDA receptor activity by favoring the synaptic availability of D-serine, eventually allowing the formation of long-term object recognition memory. (bordeaux-neurocampus.fr)
  • Activation of CB1 receptors increased intracellular astroglial Ca2+ levels and extracellular levels of D-serine in hippocampal slices. (bordeaux-neurocampus.fr)
  • CB1 is a G protein-coupled receptor which inhibits adenylyl cyclase and consequently reduces cAMP upon activation. (ghmedical.com)
  • This hypothesis is supported by further findings that HU210 promotes proliferation, but not differentiation, of cultured embryonic hippocampal NS/PCs likely via a sequential activation of CB1 receptors, Gi/o proteins, and ERK signaling. (jci.org)
  • In summary, the present data suggest that deficits of BDNF levels and signaling through ERK1/2 and alpha-CaMKII might contribute to cognitive and neuroplastic defects associated with prenatal exposure to cannabinoids. (researchgate.net)
  • One population of neurons releases substance P and projects to the substantia nigra, whereas the other subset contains enkephalin and projects to the globus pallidus ( Graybiel, 1990 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • 1990), expressed primarily by neurons, and CB2 receptors (Munro et al. (420magazine.com)
  • CB1 receptors have been identified on both subpopulations of medium spiny neurons ( Mailleux and Vanderhaeghen, 1992 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Stimulation of cAMP accumulation was not observed after pertussis toxin treatment of CHO cells expressing the human CB2 receptor, suggesting that this novel signaling pathway is unique to the cannabinoid CB1 receptor. (jneurosci.org)
  • Cannabinoid receptors include CB1, which is predominantly expressed in the brain, and CB2, which is primarily found on the cells of the immune system. (pharmavoice.com)
  • some of them, known as cannabinoids, 2 have several pharmacologic actions that affect the cardiovascular and central nervous systems (with psychotropic effects) and cause IOP reduction. (arvojournals.org)
  • Therefore, we decided to design a proof-of-concept study to assess the synthetic cannabinoid nabilone for the treatment of NMS. (springer.com)
  • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the synthetic cannabinoid, 5F-MDMB-PICA, in male rats. (jefferson.edu)
  • Single and combined effects of plant-derived and synthetic cannabinoids on cognition and cannabinoid-associated withdrawal signs in mice. (jefferson.edu)
  • This study aimed at investigating the potential regulatory capacity of the potent synthetic cannabinoid HU210 on hippocampal neurogenesis and its possible correlation with behavioral change. (jci.org)
  • Functional properties of ryanodine receptors from rat dorsal root ganglia. (wisc.edu)
  • Since these compounds do not act through known cannabinoid receptors (Dajani et al. (420magazine.com)
  • Most compounds had little or no effect on cannabinoid signaling. (fabbs.org)
  • Oppositional effects of serotonin receptors 5-HT1a, 2, and 2c in the regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • Cannabinoid receptor CB1 mediates baseline and activity-induced survival of new neurons in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • NMDA and benzodiazepine receptors have synergistic and antagonistic effects on precursor cells in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • Sortilin-related receptor with A-type repeats (SORLA) affects the amyloid precursor protein-dependent stimulation of ERK signaling and adult neurogenesis. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • Cannabinoids, neurogenesis and antidepressant drugs: Is there a link? (ucm.es)
  • The hippocampal dentate gyrus in the adult mammalian brain contains neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) capable of generating new neurons, i.e., neurogenesis. (jci.org)
  • We show that both embryonic and adult rat hippocampal NS/PCs are immunoreactive for CB1 cannabinoid receptors, indicating that cannabinoids could act on CB1 receptors to regulate neurogenesis. (jci.org)
  • Cannabinoids act at the CB1 receptor to inhibit adenylate cyclase activity via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein. (jneurosci.org)
  • whereas dopamine D2 receptors inhibit adenylate cyclase via G i -proteins ( Sibley and Monsma, 1992 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Previously, CB1 receptors have been shown to inhibit D1 receptor-mediated cAMP accumulation ( Bidaut-Russell and Howlett, 1991 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • specifically, evidence showing that cannabinoids inhibit neuroinflammation and that immune cells express the entire machinery that constitutes a functional cannabinoid signaling system. (420magazine.com)
  • Growing evidence suggests that a major physiological function of the cannabinoid signaling system is to modulate neuroinflammation. (420magazine.com)
  • These results were obtained thanks to the coordinated efforts of many scientists from the NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux Neurocampus and abroad, in particular from Stephane Oliet's (Valentin Langlais and Aude Panatier) and Giovanni Marsicano's groups (Laurie Robin and Jose Cruz), who shared their complementary expertise in neuron-glial interactions, D-serine signaling, the physiological properties of CB1 receptors and behavioral analyses. (bordeaux-neurocampus.fr)
  • Mutant mice lacking CB1 receptors from astroglial cells (GFAP-CB1-KO) displayed impaired object recognition memory and decreased in vivo and in vitro long-term potentiation (LTP) at CA3-CA1 hippocampal synapses. (bordeaux-neurocampus.fr)
  • EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: After a biochemical characterization in primary neurons, SOD1G93A mice were treated with 2BAct and PRXS571. (bvsalud.org)
  • To identify the inhibitory cell types expressing CB1 in this region, we recorded and intracellularly labeled interneurons in hippocampal slices. (nih.gov)
  • CB1 -expressing interneurons showed distinct axonal arborization, and were classified as basket cells, mossy-fiber-associated cells, dendritic-layer-innervating cells or perforant-path-associated cells. (nih.gov)
  • Johnson, S. & North, R. Opioids excite dopamine neurons by hyperpolarization of local interneurons. (nature.com)
  • We show that astroglial CB1 receptors are key determinants of object recognition memory by determining the availability of D-serine at hippocampal synapses. (bordeaux-neurocampus.fr)
  • A subclass of cannabinoid receptor found primarily on central and peripheral NEURONS where it may play a role modulating NEUROTRANSMITTER release. (jefferson.edu)
  • Two cannabinoid G protein-coupled receptors have been cloned thus far, CB1 receptors (Matsuda et al. (420magazine.com)
  • Finally, elevation of D-serine levels fully rescued LTP and memory impairments of GFAP-CB1-KO mice. (bordeaux-neurocampus.fr)
  • Surprising outcomes in cannabinoid CB1/CB2 receptor double knockout mice in two models of ischemia. (jefferson.edu)
  • The results showed that after they had their CB1 activity was decreased There were noticeable improvements in the memory of the mice. (ccdeliveryservice.com)
  • However they deleted a articular endocannabinoid receptor, called cannabinoid type 1, or CB1, in some of the mice. (loverewired.com)
  • This suggests that nerolidol has both presynaptic and post-synaptic effects on cannabinoid signaling. (fabbs.org)
  • Introduction: In mammals, sn-1-diacylglycerol lipases (DAGL) generate 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) that, as the major endocannabinoid, modulates synaptic neurotransmission by acting on CB1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Electrophysiological properties of VTA neurons in rat coronal midbrain slices were studied with the patch-clamp technique. (cannabisuk.com)
  • In this study we have examined the interactions of CB1 and D2 receptors on adenylate cyclase. (jneurosci.org)
  • signaling interactions between these receptors have not been investigated extensively. (jneurosci.org)
  • While we often associate all of our cannabinoid interactions with CB-1 , the neuronal process of pain is one that requires both receptors. (hightimes.com)
  • It was found that THC accumulated preferentially in neurons, and that glia-neuron interactions decreased THC accumulation. (unige.ch)