• Featuring an all-screen design with an 8.3-inch Liquid Retina display. (att.com)
  • The iPad mini's Liquid Retina IPS display has been redesigned with an edge-to-edge screen, narrow borders, and rounded corners. (6ave.com)
  • With an immersive 10.9-inch Liquid Retina display. (att.com)
  • Boasting a large 15.3-inch Liquid Retina display, this remarkable device redefines the idea of a portable laptop. (yankodesign.com)
  • In this paper, a new methodology based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) is developed and proposed to intelligent retinopathy prediction and give a decision about the presence of retinopathy with automatic diabetic retinopathy screening with accurate diagnoses. (techscience.com)
  • Intelligent prediction approach for diabetic retinopathy using deep learning based convolutional neural networks algorithm by means of retina photographs," Computers, Materials & Continua , vol. 66, no.2, pp. 1613-1629, 2021. (techscience.com)
  • To segment and analyze this variety of microscopy techniques, different methods have been employed from purely manual segmentation to sophisticated deep convolutional neural networks. (springer.com)
  • Early Diagnosis and Quantitative Analysis of Stages in Retinopathy of Prematurity Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. (cdc.gov)
  • The neural retina consists of several layers of neurons interconnected by synapses and is supported by an outer layer of pigmented epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Neural signals from the rods and cones undergo processing by other neurons, whose output takes the form of action potentials in retinal ganglion cells whose axons form the optic nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • The vertebrate retina is inverted in the sense that the light-sensing cells are in the back of the retina, so that light has to pass through layers of neurons and capillaries before it reaches the photosensitive sections of the rods and cones. (wikipedia.org)
  • [6] In contrast, in the cephalopod retina, the photoreceptors are in front, with processing neurons and capillaries behind them. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retinal ganglion cells, the sole output neurons of the retina, exhibit surprising diversity. (frontiersin.org)
  • The advent of high density multi-electrode arrays now enables recording from many hundreds to thousands of neurons from a single retina. (frontiersin.org)
  • Most irreversible blindness results from the loss of neurons in the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue in the back of the eye. (nih.gov)
  • Figure 1: The Neuronal Correlates of Consciousness (NCC) are the minimal set of neural events and structures - here synchronized action potentials in neocortical pyramidal neurons - sufficient for a specific conscious percept or a conscious (explicit) memory . (scholarpedia.org)
  • Will the Neural Correlates of Consciousness involve all pyramidal neurons in cortex at any given point in time? (scholarpedia.org)
  • Our research is focused on investigating the development, function, and regeneration of disease-relevant neurons and neural circuits responsible for vision. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • We show here that the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) is found both on the apical surface of RPE in situ and on the outer segments of photoreceptors, fulfilling an important requisite for an adhesion role between both structures. (rupress.org)
  • Rather, the reversed polarity of N-CAM appears to result from the disruption of the contact between the RPE and the photoreceptors of the neural retina. (rupress.org)
  • Long-term survival of photoreceptors transplanted into the adult murine neural retina requires immune modulation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Although the overlying neural tissue is partly transparent, and the accompanying glial cells have been shown to act as fibre-optic channels to transport photons directly to the photoreceptors, [7] [8] light scattering does occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • This area, termed the fovea centralis , is avascular (does not have blood vessels), and has minimal neural tissue in front of the photoreceptors, thereby minimizing light scattering. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our research seeks to answer both basic and translational questions related to the retina and especially focuses on photoreceptors which initiate the visual process. (nih.gov)
  • Rod photoreceptors and rod-connected nerve cells through the retina are responsible for pathways concerned with night vision and increased sensitivity of our visual system under what is called scotopic conditions (conditions of very little ambient light). (utah.edu)
  • When looking at the mosaic of human photoreceptors it becomes apparent that the human retina is actually rod-dominated numerically (Fig. 1). (utah.edu)
  • On the new MacBook Air, you get a 10-core GPU and a 16-core Neural Engine. (yankodesign.com)
  • Cell adhesion molecules are known to play a pivotal role in assembling neural circuits. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, we identified a new player in assembling neural circuits in the outer retina, the L1-family cell adhesion molecule Neurofascin (Nfasc). (nih.gov)
  • My primary interest is to understand how sensorimotor experience in early life influences - for better or worse - the formation and maturation of functional neural circuits in the cerebral cortex. (duke.edu)
  • In his lab, he utilizes zebrafish to study the formation of neural circuits in the retina, as well as the regenerative capabilities of retinal cells, with the goal of developing better drugs to treat retinal diseases. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Several sophisticated image processing circuits have been discovered in the animal retina, many of which manifest massive neural synchrony. (europa.eu)
  • 3) Several kinds of motion have now been shown to elicit massive synchrony in mammalian retina circuits. (europa.eu)
  • Similar to neural circuits, these prosthetic devices should adapt their properties over time, independent of external control. (upenn.edu)
  • Both Golgi impregnation of single rod bipolar cells (Fig. 6) and immunocytochemical staining of rod bipolar cell populations with protein kinase C (PKC) (Fig. 7) show the characteristic morphology of the rod bipolar cell type in mammalian retina (Kolb et al. (utah.edu)
  • Two amacrine cells are key in the rod pathway circuitry through the mammalian retina (Fig. 10). (utah.edu)
  • We demonstrate how the responses of our device's ganglion cells compare to those measured from the mammalian retina. (upenn.edu)
  • Replicating the retina's synaptic organization in our chip made it possible to perform these computations using a hundred times less energy than a microprocessor-and to match the mammalian retina in size and weight. (upenn.edu)
  • The optics of the eye create a focused two-dimensional image of the visual world on the retina, which then processes that image within the retina and sends nerve impulses along the optic nerve to the visual cortex to create visual perception . (wikipedia.org)
  • Light striking the retina initiates a cascade of chemical and electrical events that ultimately trigger nerve impulses that are sent to various visual centres of the brain through the fibres of the optic nerve . (wikipedia.org)
  • therefore, the optic nerve must cross through the retina en route to the brain. (wikipedia.org)
  • The retina then converts these images to electric signals and sends them along the optic nerve to the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Goldberg and colleagues have demonstrated through a series of interventions in mice with optic nerve injury that they can successfully regenerate retinal ganglion cells axons, which form the optic nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain. (nih.gov)
  • Scientists at University Hospital Dusseldorf created organoids composed of neural tissue (i.e. mini-brains) that developed "optic cups", precursors to the retina. (ebaumsworld.com)
  • The researchers created 342 mini-brains using stem cells and pre-existing neural tissue, 72% of which sprouted optic cups. (ebaumsworld.com)
  • The average healthy retina is 250-µm thick immediately adjacent to the temporal margin of the optic nerve. (medscape.com)
  • Retinal nerve fibers exit the eye through the optic nerve, located nasally and on the same plane as the anatomical center of the retina. (medscape.com)
  • The center of the optic disc is located 4.5 mm to 5 mm nasal to the anatomical center of the retina. (medscape.com)
  • Fibroblast Growth Factor - 2 (FGF-2) plays a critical role in retinal development especially in chicken neural retinal development. (scielo.org.ar)
  • It includes completely new chapters on color vision and retinal degenerations and genetics, as well as sections on retinal development and visual pigment biochemistry, and presents the latest knowledge and theories on how the retina is organized anatomically, physiologically, and pharmacologically. (nhbs.com)
  • The activity of each neuron in a 350 × 300 × 60 μm3 portion of a retina was determined by two-photon microscopy. (wikipedia.org)
  • pl. retinae or retinas ) is the innermost, light-sensitive layer of tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs . (wikipedia.org)
  • thus, the retina is considered part of the central nervous system (CNS) and is actually brain tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • The retina is the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eyeball. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Advances in tissue preparation and imaging technologies have allowed researchers to collect vast amounts of targeted structural data, potentially enabling new multi-resolution, multi-modal studies of neural volumes. (springer.com)
  • A team of American and Chinese scientists studying the role of stem cells in repairing damaged retina tissue have found that pigs represent an effective proxy species to research treatments for humans. (eurekalert.org)
  • The retina is the light sensitive tissue surrounding the inner surface of the eye. (eurekalert.org)
  • Traditionally transplant studies have focused on mice and other rodents because of the variety of genetic material they represent, however mouse retina tissue is rod dominant, which is significantly different to the human eye. (eurekalert.org)
  • The retina is the light-sensitive tissue that lines the inside of the eye. (medscape.com)
  • This report describes the role of neuroprotection in acute disorders such as stroke and injuries of the nervous system as well as in chronic diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders because many of the underlying mechanisms of damage to neural tissues are similar in all these conditions and several products are used in more than one disorder. (researchandmarkets.com)
  • We have previously shown that murine postmitotic rod photoreceptor precursor cells, identified by expression of the rod-specific transcription factor Nrl, are able to migrate into and integrate within the adult murine neural retina. (ox.ac.uk)
  • They expect their studies to identify a list of small molecules and candidate genes that contribute to the ability of photoreceptor cells to home in on their appropriate target cells in the retina, known as bipolar cells. (nih.gov)
  • How are specific cell numbers and their organization with the retina determined? (nih.gov)
  • AAO 2023 Oral Therapy Shown to Preserve Retina in Stargardt Disease A once-daily pill of modified vitamin A slowed the rate of retinal degeneration in patients with Stargardt disease, a rare genetic eye disease that can cause vision loss. (medscape.com)
  • The new iPad has a beautiful 10.2-inch Retina display, powerful A13 Bionic chip, an Ultra Wide front camera with Center Stage, and works with Apple Pencil and the Smart Keyboard (sold separately). (t-mobile.com)
  • The iPad 9th gen has a 10.2" Retina display. (t-mobile.com)
  • [9] Some vertebrates, including humans, have an area of the central retina adapted for high-acuity vision. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cephalopods have a non-inverted retina, which is comparable in resolving power to the eyes of many vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike species of lower vertebrates the human retina lacks a regenerative pathway meaning that research has focused on cell transplantation. (eurekalert.org)
  • An ophthalmoscope allows your health care provider to see through your pupil and lens to the retina. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Sometimes photos or special scans of the retina can show things that the provider cannot see just by looking at the retina through the ophthalmoscope. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Assuming that the ocular media (cornea, anterior chamber, lens, and vitreous) are not cloudy, the living retina can be examined using a direct or indirect ophthalmoscope or a retinal lens at the slit lamp. (medscape.com)
  • The Apple M1 integrates the CPU, GPU, Neural Engine, I/O, and more into a single system on a chip (SoC). (bhphotovideo.com)
  • Packed with 16 billion transistors, the Apple M1 integrates the CPU, GPU, Neural Engine, I/O, and more into a single system on a chip (SoC). (bhphotovideo.com)
  • 1 Powerful A15 Bionic chip with Neural Engine. (att.com)
  • Recently, we generated R91W;Nrl −/− double-mutant mice, which display a well-ordered all-cone retina with normal retinal vasculature and a strong photopic function that generates useful vision. (nature.com)
  • For the electronics screen trademark, see Retina display . (wikipedia.org)
  • With over 4 million pixels, the 13.3" Retina Display features a 2560 x 1600 screen resolution and a 16:10 aspect ratio for 227 pixels per inch (ppi). (bhphotovideo.com)
  • With four times as many pixels as an HD display, the 13.3" Retina IPS Display provides up to 48 percent more color than the previous generation. (bhphotovideo.com)
  • The Retina 4.5K display also features the wide P3 color gamut, which provides a larger color space that more equally represent red, green, and blue. (bhphotovideo.com)
  • The iMac features a 24" Retina Display with 500 nits of brightness. (bhphotovideo.com)
  • The Retina Display features a 4480 x 2520 resolution at 218 pixels per inch (ppi). (bhphotovideo.com)
  • As benchmarks for an unreleased MacBook Pro running a previously unknown build of Mountain Lion have appeared, a new rumor suggests Apple could launch its 13-inch Retina display MacBook Pro before October of this year. (appleinsider.com)
  • That's below a score of 10999 earned by the new 15-inch Retina display MacBook Pro with an Intel Core i7-3615QM processor clocked at 2.3 gigahertz, but is higher than scores of around 5000 earned by early 2011 13-inch MacBook Pros. (appleinsider.com)
  • Evidence of a new 13-inch MacBook Pro comes as a report from DigiTimes on Tuesday claimed that upstream component suppliers are preparing to provide parts to Apple for a 13-inch MacBook Pro with Retina display in the third quarter of 2012. (appleinsider.com)
  • Last month, an online battery test also potentially identified a 13-inch version of a MacBook Pro with Retina display. (appleinsider.com)
  • The data discovered on Mini Battery Logger's website also showed a model with the "10,2" identifier, which is different from the "MacBookPro9,2" label Apple gave to its recently updated 13-inch MacBook Pro, which does not feature a Retina display. (appleinsider.com)
  • Currently, the Retina display is only available with a 15-inch MacBook Pro identified as "MacBookPro10,1," while the legacy 15-inch model is "MacBookPro9,1. (appleinsider.com)
  • Microglia/macrophage infiltration at the site of injury was more pronounced in the all-cone retina of R91W;Nrl −/− than in wt mice. (nature.com)
  • Similarly, vascular leakage was abundant in the inner and outer retina in R91W;Nrl −/− mice, whereas it was mild and restricted to the subretinal space in wt mice. (nature.com)
  • Seven weeks post-fNCSE, increased number of Iba1+ microglia were evident in the retina ipsilateral to the hemisphere with fNCSE, and morphologically more activated microglia were found in both ipsi- and contralateral retina compared to non-stimulated control mice. (lu.se)
  • The dual use of a neural pathway in different physiological conditions illustrates the efficiency with which several functions can be accommodated in a single circuit. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Characterizing retinocortical interaction represents a complete paradigm shift that will be imperative for our understanding of neural synchrony in the human nervous system and enable several groundbreaking new avenues for research. (europa.eu)
  • By virtue of expressions of glial and neural surface markers and capability of neurotransmitter metabolism, amniotic epithelial cells are considered as candidate cell type for transplantation strategies to treat neurological disorders. (scielo.org.ar)
  • Kunath at the University of Edinburgh and wil be jointly held with the 16th international symposium on neural transplantation and repair, INTR. (lu.se)
  • Our investigations utilize in vivo mouse retina and human retinal organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells as study systems. (nih.gov)
  • Like most of the brain, the retina is isolated from the vascular system by the blood-brain barrier . (wikipedia.org)
  • A recent study reported over 30 distinct types in the mouse retina, indicating that the processing of visual information is highly parallelised in the brain. (frontiersin.org)
  • Brain scientists are exploiting a number of empirical approaches to shed light on the neural basis of consciousness. (scholarpedia.org)
  • The above definition of Neural Correlates of Consciousness stresses the attribute minimal because the entire brain is clearly sufficient to give rise to consciousness. (scholarpedia.org)
  • The retina is a part of the brain pushed out into the eye during development. (nhbs.com)
  • The process of vision begins in the retina, and in humans, the retina supplies almost 30% of the sensory input received by the brain. (nih.gov)
  • Nerve fibers within the retina send electrical signals to the brain, which then interprets these signals as visual images. (medscape.com)
  • Neural Tube Defects and Spina Bifida Neural tube defects are a certain type of birth defect of the brain, spine, and/or spinal cord. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Accelerate machine learning tasks with the 16-core Neural Engine. (bhphotovideo.com)
  • To quantify the nuclear region of every cell from a time-series 3D fluorescence microscopic image of living cells, we developed QCANet, a convolutional neural network-based segmentation algorithm for 3D fluorescence bioimages. (nature.com)
  • We identify an approach-sensitive ganglion cell type in the mouse retina, resolve elements of its afferent neural circuit, and describe how these confer approach sensitivity on the ganglion cell. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Here we describe an artificial retina, constructed in silicon using single-transistor synaptic primitives, with two forms of locally controlled adaptation: luminance adaptation and contrast gain control. (upenn.edu)
  • Taken together, our data suggest a new role of Nfasc in rod synapses within the mouse outer retina. (nih.gov)
  • The National Institutes of Health will fund six projects to identify biological factors that affect neural regeneration in the retina. (nih.gov)
  • The retina, with the exception of the blood vessels coursing through it, is transparent to the examiner up to its outer layer, the retinal pigment epithelium. (medscape.com)
  • T1-weighted intensity measurements of the contralateral retina showed a minor increase within the outer nuclear and plexiform layers of the lateral retina. (lu.se)
  • The molecules involved in the interaction of the RPE with the neural retina are not known. (rupress.org)
  • How do numerous non-coding variations in the human genome affect gene expression in the retina? (nih.gov)
  • Treatments to repair the human retina following degenerative diseases remain a challenge for medical science. (eurekalert.org)
  • While only a small section of the retina was transplanted for this study the results could open a new avenue of research into degenerative conditions as researchers have a more effective human proxy species to work with. (eurekalert.org)
  • If so, our experiments will finally reveal and characterize motion detection by the human retina. (europa.eu)
  • The human retina is located on the inner surface of the posterior two-thirds to three-quarters of the eye. (medscape.com)
  • The arterioles and venules of the retina are the only blood vessels whose wall can be directly examined in the living human without an incision. (medscape.com)
  • Siamese neural networks for continuous disease severity evaluation and change detection in medical imaging. (cdc.gov)
  • These findings suggest that autologous donor cells are optimal for therapeutic approaches to repair the neural retina, though with immune suppression nonautologous donors may be effective. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We evaluate our approach using synthetic spike trains, and demonstrate that major known cell types are identified in high-density recording sessions from the mouse retina with around 1,000 retinal ganglion cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • It is well established that the retina has multiple, functionally complementary populations of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which together transmit visual information to various central visual areas ( Roska and Werblin, 2001 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • At this juncture, through the present study it was found that, chicken neural retinal cells when grown alone failed to survive and contrarily when either co-cultured with chicken amniotic epithelial cells / cultured in amniotic epithelial cell conditioned medium not only survived but also showed extensive differentiation. (scielo.org.ar)
  • John Dowling's The Retina , published in 1987, quickly became the most widely recognized introduction to the structure and function of retinal cells. (nhbs.com)
  • Dr Dean's team gathered iPSCs from swine skin fibroblasts and demonstrated that these cells differentiated in culture and could be integrated with the cells of a second pig's retina. (eurekalert.org)
  • Our results demonstrate that swine stem cells can be integrated into a damaged swine neural retina," concluded Dean. (eurekalert.org)
  • The retina most often looks red or orange because there are many blood vessels right behind it. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The retina thins as it approaches the equatorial region of the eye and further thins to 80 µm at the ora serrata. (medscape.com)
  • It is precisely this increase in neural capacity that makes possible the rich repertoire of behavior associated with functional maturity. (duke.edu)
  • It's likely I'll buy a new 13" MBP or iMac, whichever comes out with a Retina version first. (appleinsider.com)
  • With MR imaging a 50 % decrease in DTI FA values and significantly thinner retina in T1-weighted images were detected. (lu.se)
  • Retina (Philadelphia, Pa. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus, the R91W;Nrl −/− mouse constitutes a model with a well-ordered and functional all-cone retina. (nature.com)
  • Neural circuit formation is an intricate and complex process where multiple neuron types must come together to form synaptic connections at a precise location and time. (nih.gov)
  • Training of the DLS entailed exposure of a total 76,370 retinal images (with and without each of the three conditions: diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and AMD) to the neural networks, which then adapted to differentiate between normal and abnormal and between conditions. (medscape.com)
  • To effectively respond to situations they have never learned before, tomorrow's neural networks will have to keep a phenomenon known as. (minatec.org)
  • The Neural Correlates of Consciousness (NCC) can be defined as the minimal neuronal mechanisms jointly sufficient for any one specific conscious percept (Crick & Koch 1990). (scholarpedia.org)
  • We have pioneered several technologies to support this work including multicolor imaging of neural circuit formation, a selective cell ablation methodology, and a quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening platform. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Our data suggests the retina responds to moving gratings and natural imagery with non-phase-locked high gamma oscillations (>65 Hz) just like visual cortex, and that slower ERG potentials exhibit strong phase-locking within stimuli but large phase variance across stimuli. (europa.eu)