Basilar membraneAnchored to the bonyBonySensoryScala vestibuliOval windowStapesAuditory nerveStructuresOrganVestibularFacial NerveChambersCochlear ImplantationHearingOtosclerosisTherapeuticProcessInjuryHighlySoundFunctionShapeCellsCochlear spiralBasilarMammalian cochleaFluid in the cochleaBony labyrinthSynapsesMorphologyAfferentParallelCanalTonotopySkullFrequenciesHair cellsCentralResultSmallMouseMadeFound
Basilar membrane1
- The bodies of the cochlear sensory cells resting on the basilar membrane are surrounded by nerve terminals, and their approximately 30,000 axons form the cochlear nerve. (cloudaccess.net)
Anchored to the bony1
- The membranous labyrinth is anchored to the bony labyrinth at the spiral ligament, the lateral edge of the triangle, and at the lip of the osseous spiral lamina medially. (cdc.gov)
Bony3
- The cochlea, which houses the sensory organ for hearing, consists of a triangular-shaped, fluid-filled channel, the membranous labyrinth, that is housed within the bony labyrinth (otic capsule). (cdc.gov)
- The membranous labyrinth spirals around a central bony canal, the modiolus, that contains the auditory division of the vestibulocochlear nerve (i.e., 8th cranial) and blood vessels to the cochlea. (cdc.gov)
- One end terminates in the spiral ligament, a process of the cochlea's central column, while the other is connected to the bony wall of the cochlea. (cloudaccess.net)
Sensory3
- There are certainly a few well documented instances of sclerotic lesions directly obliterating sensory structures within the cochlea and spiral ligament, which have been photographed and reported post-mortem. (wikipedia.org)
- The mammalian inner ear contains sensory organs, the organ of Corti in the cochlea and cristae and maculae in the vestibule, with each comprised of patterned sensory epithelia that are responsible for hearing and balance. (biomedcentral.com)
- NGS of RNA from inner ear sensory epithelial cells led to the identification of 455 miRNAs in both cochlear and vestibular sensory epithelium, with 30 and 44 miRNAs found in only cochlea or vestibule, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Scala vestibuli1
- The cochlear canal is a spiral triangular tube, comprising two and one-half turns, which separates the scala vestibuli from the scala tympani. (cloudaccess.net)
Oval window2
- The best understood mechanism is fixation of the stapes footplate to the oval window of the cochlea. (wikipedia.org)
- The piston-like action of the stapes bone at the oval window sends a wave propagating through the spirals of the cochlea. (amplexhearing.com.au)
Stapes1
- The stapes, the innermost bone, is attached to the snail-like cochlea (hearing organ) in the inner ear. (balanceanddizziness.org)
Auditory nerve3
- In the present study, we developed a novel real-time monitoring system that combines dorsal cochlear nucleus action potential monitoring with intracochlear stimulating electrodes (Auditory Nerve Test System, ANTS). (bvsalud.org)
- In effect, a stream of electrical signals is transmitted along the auditory nerve and the central auditory pathways. (amplexhearing.com.au)
- We addressed the function of BK Ca by recording sound-induced responses of afferent auditory nerve (AN) fibers from mice with a targeted deletion of the pore-forming α-subunit of BK Ca ( BKα −/− ) and comparing these with voltage responses of current-clamped IHCs. (jneurosci.org)
Structures2
- By anatomical convention, structures toward the modiolus are medial while those toward the spiral ligament are lateral. (cdc.gov)
- The cochlear nerve crosses the inner ear canal and extends to the central structures of the brain stem, the oldest part of the brain. (cloudaccess.net)
Organ1
- The anterior portion is known as the cochlea and is the actual organ of hearing. (cloudaccess.net)
Vestibular3
- Highly accurate real-time cochlear nerve monitoring to preserve cochlear nerve function is essential for simultaneous cochlear implantation and ipsilateral vestibular schwannoma resection. (bvsalud.org)
- Our novel method continuously achieved real-time monitoring of the cochlear nerve every two seconds during vestibular schwannoma resection. (bvsalud.org)
- These signals are sent to the brain through the vestibular nerve (eighth cranial nerve) to be interpreted as sound. (balanceanddizziness.org)
Facial Nerve2
- The system developed in this study is compatible with continuous facial nerve monitoring. (bvsalud.org)
- Tumor resection was performed using the retrolabyrinthine approach with continuous monitoring using dorsal cochlear nucleus action potential, auditory brainstem response, and facial nerve function muscle action potential. (bvsalud.org)
Chambers2
- The cochlea itself is divided into three parallel spiral chambers. (amplexhearing.com.au)
- The two chambers communicate through the helicotrema, the tip of the cochlea. (cloudaccess.net)
Cochlear Implantation1
- Near-total tumor resection was achieved, and cochlear implantation was performed successfully after confirming the preservation of cochlear nerve function in a case. (bvsalud.org)
Hearing2
- The primary form of hearing loss in otosclerosis is conductive hearing loss (CHL) whereby sounds reach the ear drum but are incompletely transferred via the ossicular chain in the middle ear, and thus partly fail to reach the inner ear (cochlea). (wikipedia.org)
- The coiled end (cochlea) relates to hearing. (amplexhearing.com.au)
Otosclerosis1
- One genome-wide analysis associates otosclerosis with variation in RELN gene. (wikipedia.org)
Therapeutic1
- Due to its relatively independent function accompanying its different cellular localization, a deeper understanding of HMGB1 biology in the cochlea is indispensable for guiding future precise therapeutic interventions. (frontiersin.org)
Process1
- It may result from direct injury to the cochlea and spiral ligament from the lytic process or from release of proteolytic enzymes into the cochlea. (wikipedia.org)
Injury1
- However, the spatiotemporal expression of HMGB1 in cochlea with acoustic injury has not been systemically investigated. (frontiersin.org)
Highly1
- The monitoring system developed in this study detected highly reliable evoked potentials from the cochlear nerve every two seconds continuously during tumor resection. (bvsalud.org)
Sound1
- Since the nerve carries sound, this irritation is manifested as ringing, roaring or buzzing. (wikipedia.org)
Function1
- However, the type and function of DAMPs in the cochlea following acoustic trauma is rarely clear. (frontiersin.org)
Shape1
- It has a spiral shape reminiscent of a snail shell, and is pointed in the anterior direction. (cloudaccess.net)
Cells1
- Different cells are activated by different pitches because there is a stiffness gradient along the cochlear spiral. (amplexhearing.com.au)
Cochlear spiral1
- Different cells are activated by different pitches because there is a stiffness gradient along the cochlear spiral. (amplexhearing.com.au)
Basilar3
- a Experimental approach to the middle-ear, basilar membrane, and underlying structures of the cochlear partition in the round window region of the gerbil cochlea. (nature.com)
- It stretches from the SPIRAL LAMINA to the basilar crest. (lookformedical.com)
- The movement of fluid in the cochlea, induced by sound, causes displacement of the basilar membrane and subsequent stimulation of the attached hair cells which transform the mechanical signal into neural activity. (lookformedical.com)
Mammalian cochlea1
- Axelsson A, Ryan A (1988) Comparative study of the vascular anatomy in the mammalian cochlea. (springer.com)
Fluid in the cochlea1
- Sound waves are captured by the outer ear which are funneled into the external auditory meatus which functions as an impedance transformer that facilitates transmission of airborne sound into vibrations of the fluid in the cochlea. (evokedpotential.com)
Bony labyrinth3
- From their studies, it was known that the cochlea is composed of a bony labyrinth, within which is found the cellular structures comprising the membranous labyrinth. (springer.com)
- The cochlea, which houses the sensory organ for hearing, consists of a triangular-shaped, fluid-filled channel, the membranous labyrinth, that is housed within the bony labyrinth (otic capsule). (cdc.gov)
- The membranous labyrinth is anchored to the bony labyrinth at the spiral ligament, the lateral edge of the triangle, and at the lip of the osseous spiral lamina medially. (cdc.gov)
Synapses1
- The origin of this high-rate activity is found in the cochlea, where inner hair cells (IHCs) transduce mechanical stimuli into receptor potentials, followed by faithful and indefatigable transmitter release at their ribbon synapses. (biomedcentral.com)
Morphology1
- To do so, a comparative analysis of the morphology, ultrastructure and glycosylation pattern of both anatomical regions was carried out. (bvsalud.org)
Afferent2
- Auditory neuropathy is caused by the loss of afferent input to the brainstem via the components of the neural pathway comprising inner hair cells and the first order neurons of the spiral ganglion. (nature.com)
- Pacinian corpuscles contain an afferent nerve fiber surrounded by a capsule with multiple concentric layers. (lookformedical.com)
Parallel2
- These are easily seen in a section taken through the cochlea in a plane parallel to its long axis (Fig. 2.1). (springer.com)
- The cochlea itself is divided into three parallel spiral chambers. (amplexhearing.com.au)
Canal1
Tonotopy2
- Arnesen AR, Osen KK (1978) The cochlear nerve in the cat: topography, tonotopy and fiber spectrum. (springer.com)
- This place-based spectral analysis, or mechanical tonotopy, underlies the brain's ability to distinguish and identify sounds, even when multiple sound sources are present simultaneously. (nature.com)
Skull1
- The skull also conducts sound (bone-conduction) which is useful for low frequencies however, neural transmission representation in the cochlea pushes beyond the physical limits of bone conduction. (evokedpotential.com)
Frequencies1
- Each location along the length of the spiraling cochlear partition is tuned, in a level-dependent manner, to its own characteristic range of frequencies: high frequencies stimulate the cochlear base, and low frequencies, the apex 1 . (nature.com)
Hair cells3
- Ototoxicity was assessed by measuring frequency specific ABR thresholds before and 96 h after treatment, loss of inner (IHCs) and outer (OHCs) hair cells, and by performing densitometry-based immunohistochemistry analysis of cochlear synaptophysin, organic transporter 2 (OCT2), and copper transporter 1 (CTR1) at 12 and 7 mm from the round window. (frontiersin.org)
- At the cellular level, cisplatin-induced ototoxicity typically manifests as loss of outer hair cells (OHCs), mainly in the basal turn of the cochlea, resulting in high-frequency hearing loss ( Rybak, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
- A basement membrane in the cochlea that supports the hair cells of the ORGAN OF CORTI, consisting keratin-like fibrils. (lookformedical.com)
Central1
- The auditory system is highly complex, and disruptions at the level of the middle ear, cochlea, and central nervous system can result in variable degrees of hearing loss. (medscape.com)
Result1
- This result is consistent with previous ultrastructural analyses of KA neurotoxicity in other neuronal tissues. (nature.com)
Small1
Mouse1
- Anniko M, Arnesen AR (1988) Cochlear nerve topography and fiber spectrum in the pigmented mouse. (springer.com)
Made2
- b Vibration measurements are made by aligning the OCT beam with discrete points spanning the length (red dots) and width (blue dots) of the twisting, tilting, and spiraling cochlear partition (yellow). (nature.com)
- The inner ear is made up of the cochlea needed for hearing and the vestibular apparatus required for balance. (nih.gov)
Found1
- Upregulation of constitutive NOS (nNOS and eNOS) was found in the substructures of the cochlea after HBOT, but inducible NOS was not found in normal or HBOT animals, as shown by immunohistochemistry. (biomedcentral.com)