MetastasisProliferationMyeloproliferative neoplasmsBiomarkersAldehyde DehydrogenaseFlow CytometryTransplantationRadiotherapyAdenocarcinomaPathologyPhenotypeGenesTumorsMiceAssayDifferentiationMutationMultipotentCSCsMalignantInhibitionLymphocytesMedicineProliferativeHeterogeneous groupAbstractProgenitorChemotherapyMesenchymal StemTumor stemColorectalBoneAcute myeloidMarkersCancer cells
Metastasis7
- Researches have shown that cancer stem cells, regulated by the niche where they reside, are the roots of oncogenesis, relapse and metastasis. (mcmaster.ca)
- LIM kinase 2 (LIMK2) promotes tumour cell invasion and metastasis. (elsevierpure.com)
- Conclusion: CD44+ 'tumor stem cells' may play a key role in the establishment of permanent HNSCC cell lines, selecting especially robust cell entities that might drive the progression and metastasis of HNSCC. (uni-luebeck.de)
- One of the potential therapeutic methods for aggressive prostate cancer is to target prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), which appear to be a primary focal point of cancer metastasis and recurrence and are resistant to standardized therapies. (uaeu.ac.ae)
- The role of cancer stem cells in the later steps of the metastasis cascade will also be discussed. (princeton.edu)
- Finally, this chapter will explore potential characteristics vulnerabilities of cancer stem cells involved in metastasis, and speculate on how these weaknesses may be exploited to generate novel therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. (princeton.edu)
- Tiede, B & Kang, Y 2012, Cancer stem cells and metastasis . (princeton.edu)
Proliferation10
- As suggested by stem classical cell biology, we assumed that the number of mutations in the CSC subpopulation should be lower and distinct compared to the differentiated tumor cells with higher proliferation. (nih.gov)
- Placental side trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) is differentiated by low β-hCG levels because it is a neoplastic proliferation of intermediate trophoblastic cells. (wikipedia.org)
- Here we show that TGF-beta regulates proliferation, migration, and tumorigenicity of mesenchymal GBM cancer stem cells (CSCs) in vivo and in vitro. (uni-regensburg.de)
- This study aimed to investigate the relationship between miR-506 and proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. (medscimonit.com)
- Cell proliferation, cell counting, colony formation assay, and Transwell assay were applied to evaluate the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. (medscimonit.com)
- For childhood neoplasms, it is safe to assume that cancer is the product of degeneration in a neoplastic sense of tissues undergoing very rapid proliferation and differentiation, in which proliferative and differentiative programs are being disturbed by increasingly early (maternal-fetal) exposure to a growing number of environmental stressors and pollutants. (frontiersin.org)
- Genetic analysis in Drosophila midgut and intestinal epithelial cells isolated from genetically modified mice revealed a conserved role for LIMK2 in constraining gastrointestinal stem cell proliferation. (elsevierpure.com)
- We previously identified Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) as a novel factor that can support the proliferation and/or survival of NSPCs based on in vitro functional cloning strategy and revealed that MIF can support the proliferation of human brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs). (elsevierpure.com)
- Using gene manipulation (over or downregulation of TPT1) techniques including CRISPR/Cas9-mediated heterozygous gene disruption showed that TPT1 contributed to the regulation of cell proliferation/survival in mouse NSPCs, human embryonic stem cell (hESC) derived-NSPCs, human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived-NSPCs and BTICs. (elsevierpure.com)
- MPNs are characterized by the neoplastic proliferation of multipotent myeloid stem cells in the bone marrow. (medicalbiochemist.com)
Myeloproliferative neoplasms4
- 10. Which of the following is a common finding in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs)? (medicalbiochemist.com)
- [ 1 ] The therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) category represents a heterogeneous group of myeloid neoplasms that share diagnostic features of conventionally defined myeloid malignancies, including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN). (medscape.com)
- [ 4 , 5 ] Significantly, cases of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) represent approximately 10-30% of all confirmed cases of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN). (medscape.com)
- Overview of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Myeloproliferative neoplasms are clonal proliferations of bone marrow stem cells, which can manifest as an increased number of platelets, red blood cells (RBCs), or white blood cells (WBCs). (msdmanuals.com)
Biomarkers1
- The role of genetic heterogeneity within neoplasms is increasingly recognized as important for understanding the dynamics of cancer progression, cancer stem cells, and therapeutic resistance, and there is interest in intratumoral heterogeneity measurements as potential biomarkers for risk stratification. (elsevierpure.com)
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase2
- Methods: Expression of postulated stem cell markers aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), CD44, and CD133 was analyzed in UM cell lines and primary UM short-term cultures (STCs) established from tumor samples. (whiterose.ac.uk)
- The relationship between drug resistance and tumor-initiating capacity was tested by fluorescence-activated cell sorting of colonosphere cells, based on expression of ABCB1 and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. (knaw.nl)
Flow Cytometry2
- Here we investigated the characteristics of a population of pancreatic cancer tumorspheres derived from different human pancreatic cancer cell lines and a primary line from a genetically engineered KPC mouse model, using flow cytometry and western blotting to analyse surface and stemness markers. (lu.se)
- Materials and Methods: Solid HNSCC tumors, as well as permanent HNSCC cell lines, were analyzed by flow cytometry concerning the expression of different putative stem cell marker proteins. (uni-luebeck.de)
Transplantation3
- Approximately 30% of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) cases involve patients treated for non-neoplastic disorders, and those treated with high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation. (medscape.com)
- Treatment is often supportive, but Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitors, such as ruxolitinib , fedratinib , or pacritnib, may decrease symptoms and stem cell transplantation may be curative. (msdmanuals.com)
- Treatment selection takes into account patient age, fitness, and whether autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is planned. (medscape.com)
Radiotherapy1
- The development of new therapeutic strategies is on the increase for prostate cancer stem cells, owing to current standardized therapies for prostate cancer, including chemotherapy, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), radiotherapy, and surgery, often failing because of tumor relapse ability. (uaeu.ac.ae)
Adenocarcinoma2
- In highly heterogeneous tumours, like pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) however, the characterisation of cancer stem cells has led to controversial results due to the lack of consensus on specific markers. (lu.se)
- but most often reported as 25%) are secondary to an underlying internal malignancy, with epidermal invasion of malignant adenocarcinoma cells. (medscape.com)
Pathology1
- See also Pathology of Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Myelodysplasia-Related Features , Pathology of Other Myeloid Related Precursor Neoplasms , and Pathology of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Not Otherwise Categorized . (medscape.com)
Phenotype4
- Last, we show that established UM cell lines and UM STCs are plastic in nature and switch their phenotype in response to environmental stimuli. (whiterose.ac.uk)
- miR-506 over-expression may thus be able to improve the malignant phenotype of breast cancer cells. (medscimonit.com)
- Cancer was hypothesized to be driven by cancer stem cells (CSCs), but the metabolic determinants of CSC-like phenotype still remain elusive. (edu.hk)
- The metabolic signatures of CD133-positive subpopulation compared to CD133-negative cells highlighted HBP as one of the distinct metabolic pathways, prompting us to uncover the role of HBP in maintenance of CSC-like phenotype. (edu.hk)
Genes2
- Abnormal DNA methylation modifies HOX genes expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells of myelodysplasias and de novo acute myeloid leukemias. (lnox-team.org)
- Catenin and catenin-binding genes have been found to be associated with neoplastic processes in a number of ways. (medscape.com)
Tumors13
- The cancer stem cell model implies a hierarchical organization within breast tumors maintained by cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). (nih.gov)
- Glioblastomas are intrinsic brain tumors believed to originate from neuroglial stem or progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
- Results: Distinct populations of CD44 expressing potential stem cells could be identified in solid tumors of HNSCC patients with strong individual deviations. (uni-luebeck.de)
- All human ovarian tumors and cell lines displayed ALDH activity. (johnshopkins.edu)
- ALDH + cells isolated from ovarian cancer cell lines were chemoresistant and preferentially grew tumors, compared with ALDH - cells, validating ALDH as a marker of ovarian CSC in cell lines. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Notably, as few as 1,000 ALDH + cells isolated directly from CD133 - human ovarian tumors were sufficient to generate tumors in immunocompromised mice, whereas 50,000 ALDH - cells were unable to initiate tumors. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Strikingly, as few as 11 ALDH + CD133 + cells isolated directly from human tumors were sufficient to initiate tumors in mice. (johnshopkins.edu)
- The stem cell-like cells of tumors are defined by their tumor-initiating capacity and may have retained these resistance mechanisms, making them resistant to chemotherapy. (knaw.nl)
- However, ABCB1 was expressed only by a subpopulation of differentiated tumor cells that did not form clones or tumors. (knaw.nl)
- CONCLUSIONS: The resistance of colorectal tumors to irinotecan requires the cooperative action of tumor-initiating ALDHhigh/ABCB1negative cells and their differentiated, drug-expelling, ALDHlow/ABCB1positive daughter cells. (knaw.nl)
- As evidence for the direct involvement of cancer stem cells in initiating the growth of metastatic lesions is scant, this chapter will focus on known events in malignant transformation that are likely to involve or affect cancer stem cells, which may give rise to primary tumors of varying degrees of malignancy and metastatic potentials. (princeton.edu)
- Desmoid tumors are cytologically bland fibrous neoplasms originating from the musculoaponeurotic structures throughout the body. (medscape.com)
- The myofibroblast is the cell considered to be responsible for the development of desmoid tumors (see Procedures). (medscape.com)
Mice5
- The objectives of this study were to determine how LIMK2 expression is associated with CRC progression and patient outcome, and to use genetically modified Drosophila and mice to determine how LIMK2 deletion affects gastrointestinal stem cell regulation and tumour development. (elsevierpure.com)
- Design: LIMK2 expression and activity were measured by immunostaining tumours from CRC-prone mice, human CRC cell lines and 650 human tumours. (elsevierpure.com)
- LIMK knockdown in Drosophila or Limk2 deletion in mice allowed for assessment of their contributions to gastrointestinal stem cell homeostasis and tumour development. (elsevierpure.com)
- Results: LIMK2 expression was reduced in intestinal tumours of cancer-prone mice, as well as in human CRC cell lines and tumours. (elsevierpure.com)
- Clone- and tumor-initiating capacities were assessed by single-cell cloning and in immune-deficient mice. (knaw.nl)
Assay2
- The effects of intralesional chemotherapy with 7 different drugs on line 10 hepatoma grown in strain 2 guinea pigs were compared with the sensitivity of line 10 tumor cells in vitro, using a micro modification of the tumor stem assay with capillary tubes. (duke.edu)
- Cell viability was determined using a trypan blue exclusion assay. (ui.ac.id)
Differentiation4
- Accordingly, CSCs are a subpopulation of cancer cells with capacity for self-renewal, differentiation and tumor initiation. (nih.gov)
- Stem cell and differentiation markers were analyzed by immunoblotting and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. (knaw.nl)
- Our understanding of the perturbation of normal cellular differentiation hierarchies to create tumor-propagating stem cell populations is incomplete. (ox.ac.uk)
- In both forms of EMPD, the epidermis becomes infiltrated with neoplastic cells showing glandular differentiation. (medscape.com)
Mutation2
- This usually results from a spontaneous somatic mutation in the unaffected APC gene of a single cell in a patient with the FAP syndrome. (medscape.com)
- In FAP syndrome patients, one APC germline gene is already mutated in every cell in the body (barring a rare reverse somatic mutation in some cells), and, therefore, only one new somatic mutation is required in the opposite APC gene for the tumor to develop. (medscape.com)
Multipotent1
- Primary myelofibrosis results from neoplastic transformation of a multipotent bone marrow stem cell. (msdmanuals.com)
CSCs5
- The data presented here exclude the possibility that CSCs are only a phenotypic consequence of certain somatic mutations, that is a distinct and non-reversible population of cells. (nih.gov)
- In addition, our results imply that CSCs must be a population of cells that can dynamically switch from differentiated tumor cells, and vice versa. (nih.gov)
- SVC112 reduced sphere formation by cell lines and CSCs. (nih.gov)
- This study investigates whether UM progression is driven by a subpopulation of stem-like cells, termed "cancer stem cells" (CSCs). (whiterose.ac.uk)
- Firstly, metabolomic analysis profiled cellular metabolome in CSCs of hepatocellular carcinoma using CD133 cell-surface marker. (edu.hk)
Malignant3
- The exact pathogenesis of choriocarcinoma has not been fully understood, but studies have shown cytotrophoblast cells function as stem cells and transform into malignant form. (wikipedia.org)
- Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone neoplasm with aggressive clinical evolution which is usually diagnosed in late stages of the disease, when primary tumor reaches significant dimensions. (bvsalud.org)
- The term osteosarcoma refers to a heterogeneous group of primary malignant mesenchymal neoplasms showing evidence of osteogenic material (1). (bvsalud.org)
Inhibition1
- Inhibition of the drug-efflux pump ABCB1 by PSC-833 allowed irinotecan to eradicate tumor-initiating cells. (knaw.nl)
Lymphocytes1
- Sampling of her CSF revealed 74 nucleated cells/μL (76% neutrophils, 20% lymphocytes, 2% monocytes), 64 red blood cells/µL, 84 mg/dL of protein, and 29 mg/dL of glucose (serum glucose 96 mg/dL). (cdc.gov)
Medicine1
- So the authors presume that the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine on the prevention and treatment of cancer may be related to the yin-yang balance of the niche of cancer stem cells. (mcmaster.ca)
Proliferative1
- The proliferative neoplastic cells are Paget cells, which have abundant pale cytoplasm and large pleomorphic nuclei. (medscape.com)
Heterogeneous group1
- Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) are a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders that are directly related to previous cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. (medscape.com)
Abstract3
- abstract = "Background: Despite significant advances in the use of diagnosis and therapy to treat head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the prognosis has improved only marginally in the last decades. (uni-luebeck.de)
- abstract = "BACKGROUND & AIMS: Stem cells of normal tissues have resistance mechanisms that allow them to survive genotoxic insults. (knaw.nl)
- abstract = "Recent insights regarding the function of cancer stem cells are particularly intriguing when considered in the context of the metastatic cascade. (princeton.edu)
Progenitor3
- One of the key areas in stem cell research is the identification of factors capable of promoting the expansion of Neural Stem Cell/Progenitor Cells (NSPCs) and understanding their molecular mechanisms for future use in clinical settings. (elsevierpure.com)
- Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derived. (edu.au)
- In human acute myeloid leukemia (AML), current models suggest transformation creates leukemic stem cell (LSC) populations arrested at a progenitor-like stage expressing cell surface CD34. (ox.ac.uk)
Chemotherapy4
- Two predominant and clinically significant types of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) have been defined, those arising after treatment with alkylating chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy and those arising after therapy with topoisomerase II inhibitors. (medscape.com)
- Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) are defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders related to previous exposure to chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. (medscape.com)
- however, the risk of developing secondary myeloid neoplasms following alkylating chemotherapy or radiation therapy seems to increase with age. (medscape.com)
- [ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)
Mesenchymal Stem1
- [ 9 ] They may be derived from mesenchymal stem cells. (medscape.com)
Tumor stem1
- Individual analysis of 'tumor stem cell' markers will be an important tool for innovative therapies and for determining the prognosis of patients with HNSCC. (uni-luebeck.de)
Colorectal1
- Gardner syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is characterized by colorectal adenomatous polyps and soft and hard tissue neoplasms. (medscape.com)
Bone3
- MDS refers to a group of disorders characterized by ineffective blood cell production in the bone marrow, leading to low blood counts. (medicalbiochemist.com)
- Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by bone marrow fibrosis, splenomegaly, and anemia with nucleated and teardrop-shaped red blood cells. (msdmanuals.com)
- These primary myelofibrosis progeny cells stimulate bone marrow fibroblasts (which are not part of the neoplastic transformation) to secrete excessive collagen. (msdmanuals.com)
Acute myeloid1
- Genetically distinct leukemic stem cells in human CD34- acute myeloid leukemia are arrested at a hemopoietic precursor-like stage. (ox.ac.uk)
Markers2
- These cells can be isolated through the phenotypic markers CD44+/CD24-, expression of ALDH1 and an ability to form nonadherent, multicellular spheres in vitro. (nih.gov)
- Markers that reliably identify cancer stem cells (CSC) in ovarian cancer could assist prognosis and improve strategies for therapy. (johnshopkins.edu)
Cancer cells3
- SVC112 preferentially inhibited cancer cells compared with patient-matched cancer-associated fibroblasts, whereas HHT was equally toxic to both. (nih.gov)
- MiR-506 mimics, inhibitor, and negative control (NC) were transfected into MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. (medscimonit.com)
- To address this, CSC-like phenotypes and cell survival were investigated in cancer cells under low glucose conditions. (edu.hk)