PathogensVertebratesResistance genesSteinernemaSoilCaenorhabditisSoybean cyst nemTraitsLarvaeSpeciesBacteriaPestsBacterialProteinDrosophilaOrganismsElegansMitesParasiticGeneticProteinsColeopteranGeneticallyRRNAPowdery mildew growth and reproductionFungicidesFungalDiseasesMeloidogyneWormsCritical to powdery mildewEukaryoticIntestinalGenomeArthropodsHuman genesTarget genesIndividual genesCropsGeneticsIntracellularInfectionEcdysozoaPhotorhabdusHypothesisGenusSubfamiliesConfer resistanceGenomic2021SaccharomycesMitochondrialAgricultural pestEncodeParasitesMechanismCommon ancestorEvolutionaryLateral gene traPlantsMetabolicResistantPlantXenorhabdusDifferences
Pathogens9
- To prove this hypothesis, seven 650-mL sandy because they are virulent insect pathogens. (cdc.gov)
- Mosquitoes are vectors for the transmission of many human pathogens that include viruses, nematodes and protozoa. (ias.ac.in)
- The efficiency of SIGS has been demonstrated to control the growth of viral, fungal, insect and nematode pathogens in several plant host species. (avf.org)
- This genus is a group of insect pathogens which live in a mutualistic relationship with the soil nematode family Steinernematidae. (up.ac.za)
- The term pest derives from the Latin pestis , meaning "plague," and is used to describe plants (weeds), vertebrates, insects, mites, pathogens, and other organisms that occur where we do not want them. (fsu.edu)
- However, the application of new techniques, such as CRISPR, to the study of trematodes and nematodes has opened new avenues for genome editing-powered functional genomics for these pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
- 2022) 'Genome of Pythium myriotylum Uncovers an Extensive Arsenal of Virulence-Related Genes among the Broad-Host-Range Necrotrophic Pythium Plant Pathogens' . (maynoothuniversity.ie)
- The main focus of Martin's group is on biotic stress (resistance to pathogens, nematodes and insects). (btiscience.org)
- This could involve resistance to feeding damage from soil insects, nematodes and pathogens. (cornjournal.com)
Vertebrates7
- Two of these insects were visibly todes are thought to be harmless to vertebrates and are luminescent. (cdc.gov)
- The Dsx genes play an important role in controlling sexual differences in organisms using GSD such as nematodes, insects, and vertebrates. (nibb.ac.jp)
- Unlike receptors found on the cell surface, members of the nuclear hormone receptor (NR) superfamily are restricted to metazoan organisms such as nematodes, insects, and vertebrates. (indigobiosciences.com)
- Many of these pathways are highly conserved, and 53 distinct kinase functions and subfamilies appear to have been conserved between yeasts, nematodes, insects and vertebrates, with a further 91 subfamilies of kinases being seen throughout metazoan genomes. (wormbook.org)
- In general, the data support the coelomate clade, where insects are more closely related to vertebrates than to nematodes, rather than the ecdysozoa clade, which groups insects and nematodes together. (wormbook.org)
- At least some components of the apoptotic program have been conserved among worms, insects, and vertebrates. (scienceopen.com)
- This ancestor is referred to as the urbilaterian ancestor, as it is the relative of all bilaterally symmetric, multicellular organisms on the planet, including invertebrates (insects, nematodes, sea urchins) and vertebrates (mammals, fish, birds, reptiles). (ku.edu)
Resistance genes5
- Syngenta has announced that it has entered into an agreement with Athenix Corp. for the discovery of novel corn insect and soybean cyst nematode resistance genes. (technologynetworks.com)
- Almost all resistant soybean varieties on the market contain the same set of resistance genes [PI88788]," he said. (syngenta-us.com)
- Early in his career at KeyGene, Martin identified whitefly resistance genes in wild relatives of tomato. (btiscience.org)
- Anthracnose stalk rot, caused by Colletotrichum graminicola , is associated with a few specific resistance genes that can be identified but this has minimal effect on the overall occurrence of the corn stalk rot. (cornjournal.com)
- Sometimes molecular methods can be used to detect specific resistance genes. (msdmanuals.com)
Steinernema2
- 2021). The entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema hermaphroditum is a self-fertilizing hermaphrodite and a genetically tractable system for the study of parasitic and mutualistic symbiosis. (caltech.edu)
- Bacteria of the genera Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus are entomopathogenic bacteria symbiotically associated with entomopathogenic nematodes belonging to the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis, respectively. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Soil7
- otic association with an insect-pathogenic soil nematode of the genus Heterorhabditis . (cdc.gov)
- They form a soil samples were collected from the fence post holes dug symbiotic relationship with nematodes ( Heterorhabditis by the patient and from the surrounding area. (cdc.gov)
- The nematodes regur- these soil samples, 5 insect larvae ( Tenebrio mollitor ) were gitate the bacteria, which kill the insects and provide a added as bait. (cdc.gov)
- Due to their toxic metabolic products, bacteria such as Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus have a deadly effect on soil-dwelling insect larvae. (goethe-university-frankfurt.de)
- The average soil density of insects is about 9 million per acre with about 10,000 "in flight" above it. (fsu.edu)
- This question leaps to the minds of most people when they first learn that scientists study a small soil nematode worm to gain insights into human development and disease. (ku.edu)
- C. elegans is a small soil worm or nematode, and it shares a common ancestor with humans that lived in the pre-Cambrian era, 500-600 million years ago. (ku.edu)
Caenorhabditis4
- An examination revealed the presence of two serpin genes, each coding for two or three likely alternative reactive centre exon cassettes, respectively, also in the Caenorhabditis elegans genome, The occurrence of such serpin genes in some groups of metazoa reflects a parsimonious way to enlarge the adaptive ability of these organisms to cope with a plethora of different serine and cysteine proteases. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- 2022). Formation and function of dauer ascarosides in the nematodes Caenorhabditis brigsae and Caenorhabditis elegans. (caltech.edu)
- Distribution of 212 kinase subfamilies throughout four kinomes: the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans , the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and human. (wormbook.org)
- Genetic studies in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster have led to the isolation of genes that are specifically required for the induction of programmed cell death. (scienceopen.com)
Soybean cyst nem2
- Under the agreement, Athenix will screen its extensive microbial strain collection for the identification and initial development of novel gene leads in the targeted areas of corn rootworm, European corn borer, broad lepidopteran, and soybean cyst nematode control. (technologynetworks.com)
- Clariva pn is the only seed-applied nematicide on the market that offers season-long protection from the No. 1 soybean pest, soybean cyst nematode (SCN), by reducing its feeding and reproduction. (syngenta-us.com)
Traits3
- Knocking out one particular Dsx gene, DapmaDsx1 , in male embryos resulted in the production of female traits including ovarian maturation, whereas ectopic expression of DapmaDsx1 in female embryos resulted in the development of male-like phenotypes. (nibb.ac.jp)
- Microarrays representing thousands of individual genes allow very high throughput analysis of genes and gene expression patterns will facilitate identification and genetic transfer of significant traits from one crop species to the other in a regulated fashion which is major difference between conventional breeding and biotechnology. (science20.com)
- She and her colleagues soon discovered that Wolbachia had engaged in widespread lateral gene transfer with eight species of insects and nematode worms, possibly passing on genes and traits to their invertebrate hosts [1]. (nih.gov)
Larvae4
- that invade the larvae of insects. (cdc.gov)
- They enter the bodies of the insect larvae by means of their symbiosis with roundworms (nematodes), in whose intestines they live. (goethe-university-frankfurt.de)
- enter insect larvae through the digestive tract. (up.ac.za)
- Detailed studies for the understanding of the regulation system in the tripartial mutualism-pathogenesis relationship between the bacteria, the nematode and the infected host have shown that secondary metabolites produced by the bacteria are either involved in the pathogenesis against numerous insect larvae or play an important role in the symbiosis towards the nematode. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Species8
- The latter 2 transmitted by a previously unidentified insect-pathogenic species have been intensively studied by entomologists nematode. (cdc.gov)
- 1] Animal experimentation is going on all over the world the genes from chicken, cows, rats and humans have been engineered into commercial fish species in order to increase the growth rates- GM salmon, for instance, have been engineered to reach six times their natural size. (jesus-is-savior.com)
- Gene drives are a technology through which a few genetically engineered individuals are designed to intentionally push new genes through an entire population of a species in the wild. (cban.ca)
- The release of gene drive organisms is designed to alter the genetic make-up of an entire wild population, or to eradicate a population or species. (cban.ca)
- Biotechnology allows the transfer of a gene for a specific trait from one plant variety or species to another, is one important piece of the puzzle of sustainable development. (science20.com)
- But the offloading of genes from bacteria into multicellular organisms was thought to be rare, with limited evidence that a bacterial genus called Wolbachia , which invades the cells of other organisms and takes up permanent residence, had passed off some of its DNA onto a species of beetle and a parasitic worm. (nih.gov)
- The engineers introduced two genes from bacteria that learned to eat RDX and break it down into harmless components in two perennial grass species: switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum ) and creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera ). (isaaa.org)
- This is a notable achievement, not only because of its direct practical applications, but also because, as far as I know, it is only the third R gene for insect resistance that has been cloned from any plant species. (btiscience.org)
Bacteria7
- When Julie Dunning Hotopp was a post-doctoral fellow in the early 2000s, bacteria were known for swapping bits of their DNA with other bacteria, a strategy known as lateral gene transfer. (nih.gov)
- Unlike insects and worms, people don't harbor lots of bacteria in their cells. (nih.gov)
- 1] Widespread lateral gene transfer from intracellular bacteria to multicellular eukaryotes . (nih.gov)
- 2] Bacteria-human somatic cell lateral gene transfer is enriched in cancer samples . (nih.gov)
- Why do bacteria produce natural substances, and which genes are responsible for this process? (goethe-university-frankfurt.de)
- Among other research areas, they focus on insect-pathogenic bacteria. (goethe-university-frankfurt.de)
- Previous ideas that they might have taken up large numbers of foreign genes from bacteria are shown to be due simply to contamination. (uncommondescent.com)
Pests6
- Because cystatins interact specifically with insect and nematode edigestive enzymes, they are attractive for controlling pests. (usda.gov)
- In agriculture, applications are being discussed to alter genes so that agricultural pests such as a type of fruit fly (spotted wing drosophila) and pigweed ( Palmer amaranth ) do not reproduce effectively, in order to make them ultimately go extinct. (cban.ca)
- The broad-spectrum insecticide DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), for instance, which is shown in the photomicrograph in the banner for this page, was discovered in 1939 and proved extremely effective at protecting troops from malaria and other insect-borne diseases overseas by killing off mosquitoes, flies, and other pests. (fsu.edu)
- This resistance is a byproduct of pesticide use itself, since the few insects or other pests that are naturally resistant, due to their genetic make-up, to a chemical applied to them are the only to survive. (fsu.edu)
- These pests are then left to reproduce with others that have also endured the chemical application, passing on the genes that hold the key to their resistance to their offspring. (fsu.edu)
- Host plant resistance has proven to be highly economical and eco-friendly long term insect management strategy [ 8 ] that has been broadly used for the management of other sorghum pests such as greenbugs ( Schizaphis graminum ) and corn leaf aphids ( Rhopalosiphum maidis ) [ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Bacterial3
- The corresponding B. thuringiensis gene, cry6aa, is located on bacterial plasmids. (wikipedia.org)
- Dunning Hotopp searched for signs of bacterial gene transfer in publicly available data from the Human Genome Project, the 1000 Genomes Project, and The Cancer Genome Atlas. (nih.gov)
- Furthermore, XCN 1 is secreted by an ABC transporter TolC-like protein complex and is thought to be involved in killing microbes living inside the insect gut or other bacterial food competitors during the infection cycle and the nematode development. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Protein13
- Along with several other Cry protein genes, cry6aa can be genetically recombined in Bt corn and Bt cotton so the plants produce specific toxins. (wikipedia.org)
- The genes encoding CaaX protein prenyltransferases are considerably longer than those encoding non-CaaX subunits, as a result of longer introns. (biomedcentral.com)
- The genomic organization of the human genes that encode protein prenyltransferases is shown in Figure 1 . (biomedcentral.com)
- Gene structures and chromosomal locations of human protein prenyltransferase subunit genes. (biomedcentral.com)
- (b) genes encoding non-CaaX protein prenyltransferases are much shorter. (biomedcentral.com)
- Automatic comparisons of data from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) with genes (for example using the program Acembly, for which the results are available from the NCBI AceView server [ 2 ]) shows that all the human protein prenyltransferase genes have multiple alternative splice variants. (biomedcentral.com)
- The chromosomal locations and number of exons from protein prenyltransferase genes in the major eukaryotic model organisms are shown in Table 2 . (biomedcentral.com)
- Protein kinases are one of the largest and most influential of gene families: constituting some 2% of the proteome, they regulate almost all biochemical pathways and may phosphorylate up to 30% of the proteome. (wormbook.org)
- Protein kinases constitute one of the largest and most important of protein families, accounting for ~2% of genes in a variety of eukaryotic genomes. (wormbook.org)
- We identified 438 protein kinase genes, including 20 atypical kinases, and an additional 25 kinase fragments or pseudogenes. (wormbook.org)
- 1000 Mb with up to 18,000 protein-coding genes [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The number of mitochondrial protein genes is believed to vary from 3 to 67, while the tRNA gene content varies from 0 to 27 [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- In addition to infrastructures for bioimaging, protein and genes & cells, we also provide other resources e.g., databases, networks and specialized labs. (lu.se)
Drosophila2
- By applying homology-search and text-mining programs we have found that the Drosophila serine protease inhibitor (serpin) gene sp4 harbours four reactive centre-coding exons. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- The mutually exclusive use of these cassettes in combination with alternatively selectable exons at the 5'-end or in the 3'-untransiated region of the gene allows generation of more than ten different transcripts, all of which are expressed in Drosophila embryos. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Organisms4
- Unlike GMOs that have thus far been engineered for confined use in agricultural production, gene drive organisms are expressly designed for intentional release into the wild . (cban.ca)
- Releasing gene drive organisms can therefore be understood as a form of ecosystem engineering . (cban.ca)
- Once released, gene drive organisms cannot be recalled, and the changes they create in the genetic make-up of the population are most likely irreversible. (cban.ca)
- 6 families appear to have been lost from nematodes, based on their presence in fly, human and more basal organisms ( Table 1 ), and several new families have been invented within the coelomate lineage, whose functions predominantly map to immunity/angiogenesis, neurobiology, cell cycle and morphogenesis. (wormbook.org)
Elegans4
- We study the molecular events that give rise to the sensation of touch and temperature using C. elegans nematodes as a model system. (stanford.edu)
- While there are clear and important differences in human and nematode development, scientists can study developmental mechanisms in C. elegans to understand the basic, core mechanisms that also operate in humans. (ku.edu)
- C. elegans are easily cultured in the laboratory, have a short (4-day) generation time, and come with a "toolkit" of genetic and molecular techniques by which gene function in development can be experimentally dissected. (ku.edu)
- Because of evolutionary conservation of gene function and experimental tractability, C. elegans represents an ideal "model organism" to study basic genetic and molecular mechanisms of human development and disease. (ku.edu)
Mites1
Parasitic2
- Digestive cysteine proteinases have been detected in midguts of coleopteran and hemipteran insects and plant-parasitic nematodes. (usda.gov)
- Thermosensitivity is an important aspect of the life cycle for Strongyloides stercoralis parasitic nematodes. (wormatlas.org)
Genetic6
- Genetic resistance to the root-lesion nematode and to spring black stem and leaf spot has been difficult to obtain. (usda.gov)
- Scientists are creating unthinkable genetic modifications in our food, mixing animal, insects and even human DNA into animals and plants, and the reason of course is the giant biotechnology corporations are desperate for profits at any cost. (jesus-is-savior.com)
- Dr. McCarty's research area is Agronomy/Breeding with emphasis in expanding cotton's genetic diversity, conversion of photoperiodic primitive races of cotton to day-neutrality, germplasm enhancement for improved fiber quality, and breeding for root-knot and reniform nematode resistance. (usda.gov)
- Most of the genes and genetic mechanisms that govern modern organismal development, including those involved in human development and disease, were present in the urbilaterian ancestor and are shared by existing animals, including humans and nematodes. (ku.edu)
- He is now one of the more prominent research leaders at KeyGene, running a group of 15 scientists (technicians, researchers and postdocs) who are using molecular genetic approaches to find genes that can be used to improve vegetable crops. (btiscience.org)
- Moreover, this strengthens evidence for mitochondrial genes coded according to an overlapping genetic code. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins7
- Insects are developing resistance to the most commonly inserted proteins like Cry1Ac. (wikipedia.org)
- ASP-1 proteases are highly concentrated in nematode intestinal cells and protect Cry6Aa proteins from over-degradation during activation. (wikipedia.org)
- The guts of beetles and many nematodes contain digestive enzymes that break down proteins. (usda.gov)
- These proteins are intracellular transcription factors that directly regulate gene expression in response to lipophilic molecules. (indigobiosciences.com)
- There were 187 genes that were highly expressed during the early time of aphid infestation in the SCA-resistant line, including genes encoding leucine-rich repeat (LRR) proteins, ethylene response factors, cell wall-related, pathogenesis-related proteins, and disease resistance-responsive dirigent-like proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
- Typical triploblastic animal mtDNAs contain genes that encode the large and small subunit ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and 13 proteins that are all components of the oxidative phosphorylation process: ATPase subunits 6 and 8 (ATP6 and 8), cytochrome b (Cyt b), cytochrome c oxidase subunits 1-3 (Cox1-3) and NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1-6 and 4L (ND1-6 and 4L). (biomedcentral.com)
- Below is a non-exhaustive list of in-house infrastructures that are categorized into three overarching themes: bio-imaging, proteins, genes & cells and other resources. (lu.se)
Coleopteran1
- Cry6Aa has specific toxic action against coleopteran insects and nematodes. (wikipedia.org)
Genetically3
- insect pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis is genetically close- was isolated in pure culture from pus collected from the ly related to the human pathogen Bacillus anthracis , the patient's right hand. (cdc.gov)
- It is important for us to be informed and to be up to date with genetically engineered food, the health risks it poses to humans, animals, birds, insects, and the damage it causes to our environment also the threats it poses to farmers. (jesus-is-savior.com)
- There is lack of consideration for a large segment of the population that has ethical or religious beliefs that classify genetically engineered plants carrying animal or human genes as being totally unacceptable as foods. (jesus-is-savior.com)
RRNA2
Powdery mildew growth and reproduction4
- Using endogenous RNAi machinery, the designed long double-stranded (ds) RNA is processed into multiple small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that result in cleavage of the powdery mildew target gene transcript and its degradation resulting in reduced powdery mildew growth and reproduction. (avf.org)
- Using our optimized multi-pronged method for selecting conserved powdery mildew genes likely to be critical to powdery mildew growth and reproduction, we screened numerous target genes for their ability to control powdery mildew when silenced using SIGS, and have filed a PCT patent application with >200 of predicted and tested targets. (avf.org)
- With the first year of AVF funding support, we showed that SIGS can also be effective in silencing powdery mildew genes, resulting in reduced powdery mildew growth and reproduction. (avf.org)
- SIGS against each of these six E. necator genes showed significant and reproducible reduction in powdery mildew growth and reproduction on grapevine. (avf.org)
Fungicides4
- In previous funding years, we developed and optimized the method for SIGS assay using CYP51 as target gene, which is a target for FRAC group-3 fungicides. (avf.org)
- Some of the most common include herbicides, which are typically applied to weeds, nematicides, which are capable of killing nematodes, fungicides, which are intended to fight fungi, and insecticides, which can eradicate insects. (fsu.edu)
- In addition to Clariva pn, Clariva Elite Beans contains an insecticide and three fungicides, which improve root health and vigor, protect against a wide range of early-season insects and diseases, and provide an industry-leading return on investment. (syngenta-us.com)
- It will also study the market for forthcoming fungicides and products to protect against nematode worms. (politico.eu)
Fungal2
- The cDNAs of the phytocystatins from rice, oryzacystatin I (OC-I) and oryzacystatin II (OC-II), were expressed in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants under the control of the potato protease inhibitor II (PinII) promoter and the plants evaluated for resistance to the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus penetrans) and to the fungal foliar pathogen, Phoma medicaginis. (usda.gov)
- A positionally conserved ORF has been found on the complementary strand of the cox1 genes of both eukaryotic mitochondria (protist, plant, fungal and animal) and alpha-proteobacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
Diseases4
- This poor productivity is primarily because of losses due to insects and diseases, but is sometimes further compounded by chronic drought. (generationcp.org)
- The molecular breeding technology that UCR uses for cowpeas is based on finding genes that help cowpea plants tolerate insects and diseases, identifying markers that can indicate the presence of known genes, and using these to incorporate valuable genes into higher yielding varieties. (generationcp.org)
- The past 5 year, work from Martin's team focused on S-gene approaches, which, among others, have provided breeders with novel resistances to whitefly-transmitted viral diseases in crops. (btiscience.org)
- Studies of the gau ORF will shed light on the origin of novel genes and their functions in organelles and could also have medical implications for human diseases that are caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. (biomedcentral.com)
Meloidogyne2
- Inoculation with root-lesion or root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne hapla) induced localized GUS expression near nematode feeding sites. (usda.gov)
- Virulence of two isolates of Meloidogyne enterolobii (guava root-knot nematode) from North Carolina on cotton lines resistant to southern root-knot nematode (M. incognita) and reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis). (usda.gov)
Worms1
Critical to powdery mildew1
- With the continued support of AVF in Year 2, we screened powdery mildew genes prioritized to impact metabolic and regulatory pathways critical to powdery mildew colonization, growth, and reproduction. (avf.org)
Eukaryotic1
- This search has led to the observation of an unknown, positionally conserved open reading frame (ORF) on the complementary strand of eukaryotic cox1 genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Intestinal1
- Cry6Aa has pore-forming action that destroys insect intestinal epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
Genome2
- Advances in sequencing and genome analysis and in the associated information technology will accelerate the discovery and characterization of genes having potential utility. (science20.com)
- To address this problem and help streamline the search for lateral gene transfer in the human genome, Dunning Hotopp and her colleagues are devising bioinformatics tools, which they intend to share with the scientific community. (nih.gov)
Arthropods3
- Tardigrades are a distinct type of animal whose closest relatives are arthropods (insects, spiders and their allies) and nematodes (roundworms). (uncommondescent.com)
- While the accepted view is that their four pairs of stubby legs make them more closely related to arthropods, the DNA evidence surprisingly strongly favoured a closer kinship with nematodes. (uncommondescent.com)
- The most compelling open question for Blaxter focuses on phylogeny and the still unclear relationship between tardigrades, nematodes, and arthropods. (uncommondescent.com)
Human genes1
- The research project is planning to put human genes into cows so that their milk is more like human breast milk. (jesus-is-savior.com)
Target genes3
- All selected G. orontii target genes had homologs in E. necator and are conserved among powdery mildews. (avf.org)
- dsRNA against individual target genes were designed, applied exogenously and the growth of powdery mildew was quantified. (avf.org)
- The initial screening of target genes was done using the Arabidopsis-powdery mildew system as it was faster than grapevine. (avf.org)
Individual genes1
- Phylogenic analysis has shown six subfamilies (NR1-6) with various groups and individual genes. (indigobiosciences.com)
Crops4
- Utilizing these genes in commercial alfalfa varieties would improve alfalfa yields and plant persistence and reduce the populations of root lesion nematodes that could infect subsequent crops. (usda.gov)
- The powerful chemical, it was soon realized, would also be useful for farmers wanting to protect their crops and even the general public, who could use the substance to help keep their own backyards free from insects. (fsu.edu)
- A more recent and notable achievement is the cloning of a number of genes that reduce aphid feeding in crops. (btiscience.org)
- The Commission will investigate herbicides for crops such as cereals, beets and oilseed rape, as well as insecticides, particularly those used to fight "chewing insects. (politico.eu)
Genetics2
- The scientists report in the open-access journal PLoS Genetics the identification of a gene responsible for the production of males during environmental sex determination in the crustacean Daphnia . (nibb.ac.jp)
- This enables us to identify candidate genes underlying glucosinolate diversity, trichome density, and study the genetics of biochemical variation for glucosinolate and saponins. (pacb.com)
Intracellular1
- Understand Nuclear Receptors through our introduction to this family of intracellular transcription factors that regulate gene expression. (indigobiosciences.com)
Infection2
- The process or technology is called Spray Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS), where the RNAi molecules are designed to target powdery mildew genes that are essential for infection development and growth. (avf.org)
- Five new grapevine powdery mildew genes were tested via SIGS and all of them successfully reduced powdery mildew infection. (avf.org)
Ecdysozoa1
- Our discovery of cannabinoid receptors in some nematodes, onychophorans, and crustaceans does not contradict the Ecdysozoa hypothesis, but gives it no support. (researchgate.net)
Photorhabdus2
- Nematode Symbiont P . asymbiotica is a human pathogen, the source of for Photorhabdus which has not previously been identified. (cdc.gov)
- The patient was initially treated with intravenous ly transferred from the insect pathogen Photorhabdus cephalosporins and his hand was subjected to debridement luminescens ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Hypothesis2
- However, this work lends support to the 'Doublesex hypothesis' of sex determination, in which many different sorts of upstream regulatory pathways could converge on Dsx -family genes, which would serve as the basis of sexual differentiation mechanisms across the animal kingdom. (nibb.ac.jp)
- This hypothesis could be tested by purifying the gau gene product and determining its sequence. (biomedcentral.com)
Genus1
- 2023) 'Comparative genomic study of the Penicillium genus elucidates a diverse pangenome and 15 lateral gene transfer events' . (maynoothuniversity.ie)
Subfamilies1
- Nematodes share 153 subfamilies with human, providing close homologs for 81% (419/518) of all human kinases. (wormbook.org)
Confer resistance1
- In this study, we focused on identifying the defense-related genes that confer resistance to SCA at early and late time points in sorghum plants with varied levels of SCA resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
Genomic1
- The Giardia lamblia vsp gene repertoire: characteristics, genomic organization, and evolution. (mbl.edu)
20211
- June 2021 - The European Parliament has called for b an on gene drive technology. (cban.ca)
Saccharomyces1
- Jones G.W. (2022) 'A Single Aspergillus fumigatus Gene Enables Ergothioneine Biosynthesis and Secretion by Saccharomyces cerevisiae' . (maynoothuniversity.ie)
Mitochondrial4
- Despite a disparity in gene content, all mtDNAs encode at least two components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, including cytochrome c oxidase I (Cox1). (biomedcentral.com)
- The mitochondrial genes are arranged compactly and generally have no introns and few intergenic nucleotides. (biomedcentral.com)
- The mitochondrial gene content is highly variable across eukaryotes. (biomedcentral.com)
- In view to find putative mitochondrial genes in alternative reading frames on both coding and "presupposed" non-coding strands, numerous complete mtDNA genomes have been analyzed. (biomedcentral.com)
Agricultural pest1
- The potential of spray induced gene silencing (SIGS) in agricultural pest control has been recently realized. (avf.org)
Encode1
- In some mtDNAs (e.g., nematodes and annelids), all genes are transcribed in the same direction, whereas, in others, both strands encode genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Parasites1
- Filariasis is a disease group caused by filariae that affects humans and animals (ie, nematode parasites of the family Filariidae). (medscape.com)
Mechanism3
- The gene drive mechanism ensures that new genes will be inherited by all offspring (as opposed to an expected half of the offspring in normal inheritance) in subsequent generations. (cban.ca)
- Researchers are also devising a type of gene-drive mechanism for mammals, and have outlined a hypothetical gene drive system intended to drive a desired trait though a herd or population of a farm animal. (cban.ca)
- These results suggest that the generation of oxygen radicals is a key event in the ancestral apoptotic pathway and offer an explanation for the mechanism of bax-induced apoptosis in the absence of any established apoptotic gene in yeast. (scienceopen.com)
Common ancestor2
- We hypothesize that cannabinoid receptors evolved in the last common ancestor of bilaterians, with secondary loss occurring in insects and other clades. (researchgate.net)
- The genes that control the development and function of these tissues have been "conserved" from our common ancestor. (ku.edu)
Evolutionary1
- evolutionary conservation of gene function, as described below. (ku.edu)
Lateral gene tra2
Plants4
- The genes fo two cystatins from rice seeds and the gene for a marker enzyme were fused to a promoting DNA sequence so that the cystatins and the marker would be produced only in wounded cells, then the genes were introduced into alfalfa plants. (usda.gov)
- Production of cystatins in roots reduced the populations of the root-lesion nematode 71-79% compared to plants without the cystatins. (usda.gov)
- The Cruiser ® Vigor Effect is scientifically proven to help produce more robust, vigorous plants, even in the absence of insects. (syngenta-us.com)
- Aphid feeding on the SCA-resistant line upregulated the expression of 3827 and 2076 genes at early and late time points, respectively, which was relatively higher compared to RTx430 and SC1345 plants. (biomedcentral.com)
Metabolic2
- Co-expression network analysis revealed that aphid infestation modulates sorghum defenses by regulating genes corresponding to phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways, secondary metabolic process, oxidoreductase activity, phytohormones, sugar metabolism and cell wall-related genes. (biomedcentral.com)
- Genes affecting the structures for water translocation to the stem or the metabolic efficiency of the living root cells influence the plant's ability to function when under stress. (cornjournal.com)
Resistant3
- By overusing those genes, we're seeing the nematode become resistant to the resistance. (syngenta-us.com)
- At 7 days post infestation (dpi), 173 genes had elevated expression levels in the SCA-resistant line and were involved in sucrose metabolism, callose formation, phospholipid metabolism, and proteinase inhibitors. (biomedcentral.com)
- In summary, our results indicate that the SCA-resistant line is better adapted to activate early defense signaling mechanisms in response to SCA infestation because of the rapid activation of the defense mechanisms by regulating genes involved in monolignol biosynthesis pathway, oxidoreductase activity, biosynthesis of phytohormones, and cell wall composition. (biomedcentral.com)
Plant1
- Translocation of sugars to the roots and to the grain after pollination involves many physiological and structural aspects of the corn plant, each influenced by different gene interactions. (cornjournal.com)
Xenorhabdus1
- During this work, xenocoumacin 1 (XCN 1) and 2 (XCN 2), the major antimicrobial compounds produced by Xenorhabdus nematophila and their corresponding biosynthetic gene cluster were identified and studied in detail. (uni-frankfurt.de)
Differences1
- the differences in gene size therefore result from differing intron lengths. (biomedcentral.com)