• Mutagens are biological, physical or chemical agents that change the genetic materials (inclusive of DNA and RNA molecules) of an organism and thus increase the frequency of mutations above the natural background level. (microbiologyclass.net)
  • The two major causes of mutations are physical (irradiation) mutagens and chemical mutagens . (microbiologyclass.net)
  • 1998. Documentation of the threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents. (cdc.gov)
  • 2000. Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. (cdc.gov)
  • A method is proposed to allow quantitative estimates to be made of mutation frequency.The induction of SCE and cytogenetic aberrations in human lymphocytes and point-mutation in Salmonella has been investigated following exposure to a range of selected direct-acting chemical mutagens. (soton.ac.uk)
  • The mutagen produces mutations in the DNA, and deleterious mutation can result in aberrant, impaired or loss of function for a particular gene, and accumulation of mutations may lead to cancer. (microbiologyclass.net)
  • Consequently, ROS-modulation has emerged as an anticancer strategy with synthesis of various ROS-inducing or responsive agents that target cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
  • This indicates the intricate control of metabolism and redox balance for survival of cancer cells that can be targeted by therapeutic agents. (degruyter.com)
  • Intercalators are the agents that capable of inserting themselves into the successive base pairs in the DNA, therefore, making the pair of DNA kinking, uncoiling or even deform. (cyberessays.com)
  • Mutagens cause changes to the DNA that can affect the transcription and replication of the DNA, which in severe cases can lead to cell death. (microbiologyclass.net)
  • Some mutagens can also change the number of chromosomes in the cell (a medical condition known as aneuploidy ). (microbiologyclass.net)
  • Aside from the good example of radioactive substances given by Alexander, another good one (and probably one that is more common) is that of chemical mutagens . (stackexchange.com)
  • 1998. Documentation of the threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents. (cdc.gov)
  • 2000. Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. (cdc.gov)
  • For instance, certain substances, called intercalating agents can interpose themselves in between the bases of the DNA, interfering and possibly giving rise to mutations during DNA replication. (stackexchange.com)
  • The genotoxic action of contaminating agents affects human health directly, damaging the genetic material, which is considered to play an important role in oncogenesis [6,7]. (researchgate.net)
  • This review outlines the current understanding of ovarian endocrine development and regulation with both physiological and biochemical background to provide a framework applicable to problems concerning environmental agents and ovarian endocrine function. (nih.gov)
  • The compounds tested were and bone marrow cells of rats, while structural chromosome the intercalating agent adriamycin (AD), the alkylating aberrations were shown to be an end-point less sensitive to compound chlorambucil (CAB) and the spindle poisons damage (Moore et al. (medicinelakex1.com)
  • Secondly, a relatively new area of ovarian physiology concerned with intra-ovarian regulation is explored, since this area holds potential for exploration of the direct effects of toxicological or environmental agents upon gonadal endocrine cells. (nih.gov)