• That could be rapid eye movement, the dilation or the constriction of the pupils," said Dr. Treviño. (valleycentral.com)
  • There has been a resurgence in research examining pupil dilation as a potential index of sexual orientation. (springer.com)
  • Only heterosexual and gay men demonstrated discrimination in pupillary responses that was clearly in line with their sexual orientation, with greater pupil dilation to female and male stimuli, respectively. (springer.com)
  • Bisexual men showed greater pupil dilation to male stimuli. (springer.com)
  • Finally, lesbian women displayed greater pupil dilation to male stimuli. (springer.com)
  • This is termed "the pupillary light reflex" and is responsible for an increase in pupil size (dilation) when the visual environment is darker and a decrease in pupil size (constriction) in brighter settings (Ellis, 1981 ). (springer.com)
  • A state of arousal leads to activation of the autonomic nervous system that is characterized by changes in skin conductance rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and pupil dilation (Zuckerman, 1971 ). (springer.com)
  • Pupil dilation can be evoked as a response to affective arousal, for example, during the viewing of highly pleasant (including sexually suggestive stimuli) and unpleasant stimuli (Bradley et al. (springer.com)
  • Note: meperidine (Demerol�) can cause dilation of the pupils, good for shavering after surgery. (freezingblue.com)
  • Things that are controlled by the autonomic nervous system include things like pupil dilation and constriction in response to changes in light, movement of gastrointestinal muscles for digestion, release of saliva in anticipation of food, and your fight or flight response in situations that are dangerous or require more mobility. (weebly.com)
  • We report, for the first time, that acted laughs elicited higher pupil dilation than authentic ones and, reversely, authentic cries elicited higher pupil dilation than acted ones. (nature.com)
  • and that, reversely, authenticity in cries increases pupil dilation, through eliciting higher emotional arousal. (nature.com)
  • This reflex is elicited through the contraction of the iris' muscles- the spincter muscles for pupil constriction and the dilator muscle for pupil dilation. (explorable.com)
  • The parasympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, is evident when a person is resting and feels relaxed, and is responsible for such things as the constriction of the pupil, the slowing of the heart, the dilation of the blood vessels, and the stimulation of the digestive and genitourinary systems. (wikidoc.org)
  • This is a two-for-the-price-of-one deal, as most - if not all - eye tracking systems also measure pupil dilation. (endlessgain.com)
  • Most people think of pupil dilation as a measure of sexual arousal, which indeed it can be. (endlessgain.com)
  • You will notice your pupils getting bigger (that's dilation ) as your brain begins to work harder, and then getting smaller again (constriction) as you take a breather. (endlessgain.com)
  • It's all very well knowing what your customers are looking at (eye tracking) and how hard their brains are working as they're doing so (pupil dilation), but what we really want to know is how the different parts of your site are making them feel . (endlessgain.com)
  • Outer parasympathetic fibers supply the ciliary muscles of the eye and the sphincter pupillae (sphincter muscles that cause pupillary constriction). (medscape.com)
  • Normally, the degree of pupillary constriction does not change as the flashlight is swung from eye to eye. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In line with recent converging evidence, we show that this reflexive view is incomplete, and that the pupillary light response is modulated by covert visual attention: Covertly attending to a bright area causes a pupillary constriction, relative to attending to a dark area under identical visual input. (univ-amu.fr)
  • Accordingly, damage to the third cranial nerve may cause diplopia, pupil mydriasis, and/or upper eyelid ptosis. (medscape.com)
  • Ptosis and diplopia from ophthalmoplegia with an ipsilateral mydriatic pupil may suggest a third nerve palsy versus an ipsilateral miotic pupil and mild ptosis which may suggest a concomitant Horner syndrome. (eyewiki.org)
  • Pupil size variation was due to active constriction by the parasympathetic pathway of the nervous system, which regulates homeostasis and the body at rest. (discovermagazine.com)
  • INTRODUCTION: The diameter of our eye-pupil is primarily set by luminance, but subtle modulations also occur under constant luminance reflecting cognitive or perceptual events, such as visual motion. (pisavisionlab.org)
  • 2017). Here we asked whether pupil responses reflect this differentiation, as this could open new insights into the neural circuitry underlying non-luminance dependent pupil responses. (pisavisionlab.org)
  • His biological study spans a wide range of topics, including Luminance, Visual Objects, Pupil, Pupillary response and Automaticity. (research.com)
  • The various areas that he examines in his Perception study include Luminance and Pupil, Pupil constriction, Pupillary response. (research.com)
  • The oculomotor (third) cranial nerve plays an important role in the efferent visual system by controlling ipsilateral eye movements, pupil constriction, and upper eyelid elevation. (medscape.com)
  • This nerve controls the movement of the eye and is responsible for functions such as pupil constriction and eyelid elevation. (proprofs.com)
  • Because the facial and sympathetic nerves travel through the middle ear, facial nerve paralysis, constriction of the pupil of the eye, drooping of the eyelid, sinking of the eyeball into the orbital cavity, and protrusion of the third eyelid may occur on the same side as the affected ear. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Affected infants may have severe developmental delay, weak muscle tone (hypotonia), muscle stiffness, difficulty moving, and involuntary writhing movements of the limbs (athetosis). (medlineplus.gov)
  • An involuntary rhythmic movement of the eyes from side to side (called nystagmus) may also be seen with inflammation of the inner ear. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • the system of nerves that controls automatic bodily actions, such as the functions of glandular tissues, the heart and smooth muscle, and involuntary movements and body functions (including secretions, pulse, and blood pressure). (ashp.org)
  • Efferent visual pathway lesions may create a perception of oscillopsia, a visual disturbance in which objects appear to move or "oscillate" owing to various forms of nystagmus (involuntary eye movements). (medscape.com)
  • 11651 ='Nailbiting' 11652 ='Thumbsucking' 12000 ='Abnormal involuntary movements' 12050 ='Convulsions' 12070 ='Symptoms of head, NEC' 12100 ='Headache, pain in head' 12150 ='Memory, disturbances of' 12200 ='Disturbances of sensation' 12201 ='Loss of feeling (anesthesia)' 12202 ='Increased sensation (hyperesthesia)' 12203 ='Abnormal sensation (paresthesia)' 12204 ='Other disturbances of sense, includin. (cdc.gov)
  • Although the pupillary response, in which the pupil dilates or constricts due to light is not usually called a "reflex", it is still usually considered a part of this topic. (wikipedia.org)
  • If a relative afferent defect (deafferented pupil, afferent pupillary defect, or Marcus Gunn pupil) is present, the pupil paradoxically dilates when the flashlight swings to the side of the defect. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Midbrain infarctions present with a wide range of symptoms, including motor deficits, sensory disturbances, cranial nerve dysfunction, coordination and balance problems, eye movement abnormalities, and impaired consciousness. (jptrs.org)
  • The underlying pathology is the absence of the sixth cranial nerve at the nuclear or supranuclear level and/or maldevelopment of the nerve itself or the motor neurons of the abducens nucleus and aberrant innervation of the lateral rectus muscle, which is mainly responsible for the abnormal eye movements. (oftalmoloji.org)
  • Because the lens cannot refract light rays at the edges well, the image produced by the lens is blurry around the edges so the pupil constricts when one attempts to focus on nearby objects. (wikipedia.org)
  • Horner's syndrome presents as drooping and tearing of the affected eye, constriction of the pupil, blurry vision, hoarse throat. (phillysmartpain.com)
  • Physical examination revealed postural instability, rigidity of all limbs, and limitations in extraocular movement. (jptrs.org)
  • The visual fields and extraocular movements of both eyes were full, and he was orthotropic in all positions of gaze. (medscape.com)
  • The somatic nervous system is responsible for coordinating the body's movements, and also for receiving external stimuli. (wikidoc.org)
  • In the twentieth century, a number of incidental observations of pupils responding to factors other than light, including interest and arousal, led to the pivotal research of Löwenstein and Loewenfeld. (springer.com)
  • In this work, we asked participants to rate the authenticity of authentic and acted laughs and cries, while simultaneously recording their pupil size, taken as proxy of cognitive effort and arousal. (nature.com)
  • In their walls intimately assosciated with the arteries run the oculomotor, abducent, trochlear and trigeminal which control the movement of the eyes and sensation from the face. (surgical-neurology.com)
  • Most axons in the optic nerve are connected to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus for processing to perception, while the others transmit information to the superior colliculus of the midbrain, which helps control eye movements. (explorable.com)
  • If an efferent defect is present, the pupil responds sluggishly or does not respond to both direct and consensual light. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Dopamine and serotonin are necessary for normal nervous system function, and changes in the levels of these neurotransmitters contribute to the developmental delay, intellectual disability, abnormal movements, and autonomic dysfunction seen in people with AADC deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If tracked during the day, the pupil will not only respond to changes in external stimuli such as light, but also to internal conditions such as attention and emotional states. (discovermagazine.com)
  • We carried out a meta-analytic review of studies published between 1965 and 2020 ( Mdn year = 2016) measuring pupil responses to visual stimuli of adult men and women to assess sexual interest. (springer.com)
  • Although heterosexual women exhibited larger pupils to male stimuli compared to female stimuli, the magnitude of the effect was small and non-significant. (springer.com)
  • RESULTS: While both stimuli caused pupil constrictions, we found that the very high-speed stimulus elicited stronger responses than the moderate speed one. (pisavisionlab.org)
  • These areas also shared with pupil responses a preference for leftward moving over rightward moving stimuli. (pisavisionlab.org)
  • Occasionally an aneurysm will present by irritating one of the nerves that control movements of the eye. (surgical-neurology.com)
  • Neuro-ophthalmologic disorders may also involve dysfunction of the central pathways that control and integrate ocular movement and vision. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The fact that the pupil of the human eye responds to changes in brightness levels within our visual environment is well known to most people. (springer.com)
  • A pupil involving third nerve palsy may occur with subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured posterior communicating artery aneurysm. (eyewiki.org)
  • The oculomotor nerve also contains fibres that constrict the pupil. (surgical-neurology.com)
  • In most cases where an aneurysm is pressing on the nerve these fibres malfunction and the pupil enlarges. (surgical-neurology.com)
  • Normally, the pupils constrict promptly (within 1 sec) and equally during accommodation and during exposure to direct light and to light directed at the other pupil (consensual light reflex). (msdmanuals.com)
  • As a part of the same scientific study, Shinsuke Shimojo usually deals with the Eye movement, concentrating on Hidden Markov model and frequently concerns with Theme, Facial recognition system, Cognitive science, Mind reading and Communication. (research.com)
  • Damage to the nervous system can cause changes in sensory input (loss of vision, hearing, smell, etc.), can hinder the capacity to control movement and body functions and/or can affect the brain's capacity to treat or store information. (iloencyclopaedia.org)
  • If the pupil functions as the light moderator, the lens acts as an accommodator. (explorable.com)
  • METHODS: We measured pupil size changes in response to fast drifting motion in 11 participants. (pisavisionlab.org)
  • We verified that differences in the eye-movement pattern could not account for the pupil response difference. (pisavisionlab.org)
  • Therefore, we suggest that pupil size may offer a new way to continuously track the focus of covert visual attention, without requiring a manual response from the participant. (univ-amu.fr)
  • In this sense, the pupillary light response is similar to saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements. (univ-amu.fr)
  • Together, eye movements and the pupillary light response maximize visual acuity, stabilize visual input, and selectively filter visual information as it enters the eye. (univ-amu.fr)
  • This can be observed by the cross-eyed movement of the eyes when a finger is held up in front of a face and moved towards the face. (wikipedia.org)
  • It involves a change in the size of the pupil and the convexity of the lens, and either a convergence or divergence of the eyes. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • The eyes drew Serena deeper, her pupils began to dilate as her irises grew. (transfur.com)
  • During NREM sleep, researchers found, the pupil appears smaller during deeper sleep stages and widens during lighter sleep. (discovermagazine.com)
  • His scientific interests lie mostly in Cognitive psychology, Eye movement, Electroencephalography, Perception and Artificial intelligence. (research.com)
  • DISCUSSION: While the origin of these preferences remains to be clarified, they suggest a novel association between pupil control and cortical visual processing, possibly reflecting a phylogenetically ancient circuit for immediate detection of fast-moving threats. (pisavisionlab.org)
  • A major role of the central nervous system is in visual perception and co-ordination of eye movement. (hku.hk)
  • The aim of the present study was to determine the dynamic and static characteristics of the pupil in patients with DS and compare the results with those of normal subjects to assess whether dynamic and static pupillometric features are affected in DS. (oftalmoloji.org)
  • All subjects underwent complete ophthalmological examination and pupillometry measurements (MonPack One, Vision Monitor System, Metrovision, Perenchies, France) including static and dynamic pupil evaluation. (oftalmoloji.org)
  • Beginning in spring 2005, H5N1 HPAI outbreaks involving large numbers of wild birds were reported, and the subsequent spread of these viruses to Europe and Africa suggests that migratory birds may have been responsible for the long-range movement of these viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Assess for pupil constriction during accommodation and for relative afferent pupillary defect to look for associated optic neuropathy. (eyewiki.org)
  • Eye movements are checked by having the patient hold the head steady while tracking the examiner's finger as it moves to the far right, left, upward, downward, diagonally to either side, and inward toward the patient's nose (to assess accommodation). (msdmanuals.com)
  • He noted a gradual increase in the size of his right pupil that had then become slightly smaller. (medscape.com)