Community-acquiredMorbidityInfectionsSepsisInfectionBacteremiaAbscessesStaphylococcusNosocomial pneumoniaHospital-acquiredVancomycinViral pneumoniaStreptococcal pneumoniaOutcomePulmonaryAntibioticLesionsDiagnosisInfectious DiseasesPathogensToxinRespiratoryStreptococcusComplicationPrognosisPatientsStrainsPresentationInfiltrateOccurBacteriaLegionnairesIntravenousInfantsSequelaeAntibioticsIncidenceInflammationClinicalSystemicProteinFebrile
Community-acquired5
- group A streptococci are a rare but serious underestimates pneumococcal pneumonia where isolation cause of community-acquired pneumonia ( 20 ) and have of the organism is not possible ( 13 ). (cdc.gov)
- Conversely, COPD is the most common comorbid disease in patients hospitalised for community-acquired pneumonia 1 , 2 , 4 . (ersjournals.com)
- In community acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalizations the guidelines call for combination cephalosporin and macrolid therapy. (blogspot.com)
- Etrapenam Is Being Projected As Drug For Community Acquired Pneumonia, Intractable Abdominal Infections And Complicated Uti. (pediatriconcall.com)
- Background Biomarkers may facilitate clinical decisions in order to guide antimicrobial treatment and prediction of prognosis in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). (ersjournals.com)
Morbidity10
- Pneumonia is the second most common nosocomial infection in the United States and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. (cdc.gov)
- Infections are important denominators of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (nih.gov)
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with significant mortality and morbidity and patients with COPD are at increased risk of contracting pneumonia 1 - 3 . (ersjournals.com)
- Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is growing up day by day in both community and hospital setting, with a significant impact on the mortality and morbidity rates and the financial burden that is associated. (biomedcentral.com)
- Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is growing up day by day in both community and hospital setting, increasing mortality and morbidity [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Infection with a resistant organism markedly worsens mortality and morbidity. (merckmanuals.com)
- Staphylococcus aureus is a major public health concern worldwide due to its high prevalence, morbidity and mortality rates. (stemcelldaily.com)
- Observational data capture lower morbidity, a milder course, and lower mortality among individuals, depending on how much a person is «further» from the threshold for vitamin D deficiency. (lamyra.org)
- Intestinal schistosomiasis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in most parts of the world, despite decades of widespread chemotherapy use. (academicjournals.org)
- Infectious diseases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality and experience has shown that an approach that seeks to 'defeat' infectious diseases will not work. (springer.com)
Infections18
- Sections on the prevention of bacterial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated and/or critically ill patients, care of respiratory-therapy devices, prevention of cross-contamination, and prevention of viral lower respiratory tract infections (e.g., respiratory syncytial virus {RSV} and influenza infections) have been expanded and updated. (cdc.gov)
- Traditional preventive measures for nosocomial pneumonia include decreasing aspiration by the patient, preventing cross-contamination or colonization via hands of personnel, appropriate disinfection or sterilization of respiratory-therapy devices, use of available vaccines to protect against particular infections, and education of hospital staff and patients. (cdc.gov)
- In 1952, Colonel Ogden Bruton noted the absence of immunoglobulins (Ig) in a boy with a history of pneumonia and other bacterial sinopulmonary infections. (medscape.com)
- As Bruton originally described, XLA manifests as pneumonia and other bacterial sinopulmonary infections in 80% of cases. (medscape.com)
- These are increasingly severe staphylococcal skin infections. (medscape.com)
- Nonetheless, MDRO infections in LTCFs can cause serious disease and mortality, and colonized or infected LTCF residents may serve as reservoirs and vehicles for MDRO introduction into acute care facilities (78-88). (cdc.gov)
- Acute lower respiratory infections (pneumonia) and pneumonia-derived sepsis are among the leading causes of death in the world causing 7.8 million deaths annually. (lsu.edu)
- As such, patients with serious staphylococcal infections should be initially started on agents active against MRSA until susceptibility results are available. (medscape.com)
- [ 52 ] .The results of such testing are often delayed .Because of these drawbacks and the availability of less nephrotoxic and more effective alternatives , vancomycin has a very limited role in treating staphylococcal infections. (medscape.com)
- Staphylococcal infections are of major importance in both human and veterinary medicine. (frontiersin.org)
- Most commonly, it is the result of infections (bacterial, viral, or fungal), but it can occur as a result of chemical injury (gastric acid/aspiration of food/hydrocarbon and lipoid pneumonia/radiation-induced pneumonia). (pediatriconcall.com)
- Lymphocytic predominance may be seen in viral pneumonia, pertussis, and atypical infections. (pediatriconcall.com)
- The emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant strains pose a serious challenge for the treatment and prevention of staphylococcal infections. (stemcelldaily.com)
- People with vitamin D deficiency are more likely to have respiratory infections (including influenza), acute otitis media, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and are more prone to sexually-transmitted infections and skin infections. (lamyra.org)
- it typically causes skin infections and sometimes pneumonia, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. (merckmanuals.com)
- In addition to staphylococcal infections, affected patients have prolonged constipation, often not sufficiently specific for certain versus uncertain diagnosis, but sometimes resulting from obe-sity is not indicated for the first trimester forward. (elastizell.com)
- There are differing opinions about the degree to which SJS and TEN overlap with severe erythema multiforme (EM), a condition with similar presentation that is commonly associated with infections, particularly herpes simplex virus and mycoplasma pneumonia. (thedermspecs.com)
- While group C beta hemolytic streptococcal infections are uncommon in humans, group C beta hemolytic streptococcal pneumonia is exceedingly rare. (rcjournal.com)
Sepsis4
- Pneumococcal infection is a major cause of otitis media, pneumonia, sepsis. (msdmanuals.com)
- Although there is a plethora of research in both pneumonia and sepsis, the detailed pathophysiology still remains elusive. (lsu.edu)
- While NLRP6 is expressed in lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys, its role in sepsis and MRSA-induced pneumonia remains unexplored. (lsu.edu)
- NLRP6 inflammasome is detrimental during MRSA-induced pneumonia and polymicrobial sepsis. (lsu.edu)
Infection11
- Far less work has been conducted on Evidence from laboratory, clinical, and epidemiologic stockpiling and planning for deployment of antimicrobial studies suggests that bacterial co-infection contributes sub- drugs against secondary bacterial pneumonia, a cause of stantially to the illness and death that occurs in pandemic substantial illness and death in previous pandemics and ep- and seasonal infl uenza. (cdc.gov)
- This revised guideline addresses common problems encountered by infection- control practitioners regarding the prevention and control of nosocomial pneumonia in U.S. hospitals. (cdc.gov)
- Part I, 'An Overview of the Prevention of Nosocomial Pneumonia, 1994,' provides the background information for the consensus recommendations of the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) in Part II, 'Recommendations for Prevention of Nosocomial Pneumonia. (cdc.gov)
- Although patients receiving mechanically assisted ventilation do not represent a major proportion of patients who have nosocomial pneumonia, they are at highest risk for acquiring the infection. (cdc.gov)
- May use to initiate therapy when staphylococcal infection is suggested. (medscape.com)
- Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs. (pediatriconcall.com)
- Overview of Pneumonia Pneumonia is acute inflammation of the lungs caused by infection. (merckmanuals.com)
- Cold staphylococcal abscesses that lack the typical signs of infection appear as fluctuant masses. (medscape.com)
- Group C β-hemolytic streptococci (GCBHS) is an uncommon cause of infection in humans, and GCBHS pneumonia is exceedingly rare. (rcjournal.com)
- Early-onset group B streptococcal neonatal infection has three major clinical expressions: bacteremia with no identifiable focus of infection, pneumonia, and meningitis (Box 1). (antiinfectivemeds.com)
- The mortality of early-onset group B streptococcal infection is 10-15% but may be higher in infants with lower birth weights. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
Bacteremia2
- In a small study (40 subjects) with MRSA bacteremia, the combination of ceftaroline plus daptomycin was found to have lower in-hospital mortality rate as compared to vancomycin or daptomycin monotherapy. (medscape.com)
- Some of these (eg staphylococcal bacteremia ) require intravenous therapy for the entire course. (blogspot.com)
Abscesses3
- per this NIH scoring system, patients with scores of more than 40 are highly likely to have AD-HIES, particularly when recurrent staphylococcal pneumonia or cutaneous abscesses complicate chronic eczema are present.The NIH Grant Application Scoring System The NIH scoring system uses a 9 point rating scale from 1 = Exceptional to 9 = Poor for the overall impact/pr.ority score as well as the individual review criteria. (sachecucine.it)
- The most common findings are recurrent skin abscesses (hence, the name Job syndrome), pneumonia with pneumatocele development, and high serum levels of IgE. (medscape.com)
- Intermittent episodes of staphylococcal abscesses are common. (medscape.com)
Staphylococcus5
- It is present in the majority of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) isolates studied and is the cause of necrotic lesions involving the skin or mucosa, including necrotic hemorrhagic pneumonia. (wikipedia.org)
- In this regard, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is endemic in the US and implicated for causing high mortality-associated necrotizing pneumonia and aggravating viral pneumonia with superinfection. (lsu.edu)
- Enterotoxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus are the key pathogenicity factors that can cause a variety of illnesses in humans, including staphylococcal gastroenteritis and food poisoning. (hsp90-inhibitors.com)
- METHODS: Two methodologically identical, double-blind studies (0015 and 0019) were conducted involving patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) due to gram-positive pathogens, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). (duke.edu)
- The ability to clot blood by producing coagulase distinguishes the virulent pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus , from the less virulent coagulase-negative staphylococcal species. (merckmanuals.com)
Nosocomial pneumonia1
- This document updates and replaces CDC's previously published 'Guideline for Prevention of Nosocomial Pneumonia' (Infect Control 1982;3:327-33, Respir Care 1983;28:221-32, and Am J Infect Control 1983;11:230-44). (cdc.gov)
Hospital-acquired5
- Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) develops at least 48 hours after hospital admission. (merckmanuals.com)
- Hospital-acquired pneumonia includes pneumonia that was not incubating at the time of hospital admission and develops at least 48 hours after hospital admission in patients who are not receiving mechanical ventilation. (merckmanuals.com)
- The most common cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia is microaspiration of bacteria that colonize the oropharynx and upper airways in seriously ill patients. (merckmanuals.com)
- Risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia include previous antibiotic treatment, high gastric pH (due to stress ulcer prophylaxis or therapy with H2 blockers or proton pump inhibitors), and coexisting cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic, or renal insufficiency. (merckmanuals.com)
- Scholars@Duke publication: Telavancin versus vancomycin for hospital-acquired pneumonia due to gram-positive pathogens. (duke.edu)
Vancomycin1
- Mortality rates for telavancin-treated versus vancomycin-treated patients were 21.5% versus 16.6% (95% CI for the difference, -0.7% to 10.6%) for study 0015 and 18.5% versus 20.6% (95% CI for the difference, -7.8% to 3.5%) for study 0019. (duke.edu)
Viral pneumonia1
- Some forms of viral pneumonia, particularly adenoviral disease, tend to cause bronchiolitis obliterans and hyperlucent lung syndrome. (pediatriconcall.com)
Streptococcal pneumonia1
- Thus, we are reporting a rare case of necrotizing group C beta hemolytic streptococcal pneumonia in a young healthy adult with no risk factors. (rcjournal.com)
Outcome6
- CAP afflicted younger and healthier patients and yet had a worse outcome (>40% mortality. (wikipedia.org)
- Patients were followed for 3 yrs with the primary outcome being all-cause mortality. (ersjournals.com)
- Adverse short-term outcome was defined as intensive care unit admission and 30-day mortality. (ersjournals.com)
- Long-term outcome was evaluated as 5-year all-cause mortality. (ersjournals.com)
- Conclusions Calprotectin emerges as both a potential early marker of bacterial aetiology and a predictor for 5-year all-cause mortality in CAP, whereas PCT, PTX3 and presepsin may predict short-term outcome. (ersjournals.com)
- Necrotizing pneumonia was diagnosed, and the patient was started on broad-spectrum antibiotics (aztreonam and clindamycin) to cover all Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, pending the outcome of the sputum and blood cultures. (rcjournal.com)
Pulmonary1
- Delayed diagnosis puts patients at risk for chronic pulmonary disease and poor growth, leading to mortality at a younger age. (medscape.com)
Antibiotic1
- For example, a recent metaanalysis showed that the use of procalcitonin guidance to shorten the duration of antibiotic therapy was associated with lower mortality. (blogspot.com)
Lesions1
- It is very important as the skin is prone to the development of staphylococcal and herpetic lesions in atopic dermatitis. (lamyra.org)
Diagnosis3
- Although the mortality rate is low in children with this entity, most fatalities are associated with delay in diagnosis. (medscape.com)
- While diagnosis of pneumonia is based on clinical presentation and infiltrate seen on chest x-ray, which of the following is/are recommended if the chest x-ray does not reveal an infiltrate? (mdedge.com)
- The diagnosis was revised to necrotizing pneumonia due to GCBHS, and treatment with intravenous aztreonam and clindamycin were continued. (rcjournal.com)
Infectious Diseases1
- Un 40% de esos trabajos han sido publicados en revistas del primer cuartil entre las que destacan New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, Lancet Infectious Diseases, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Journal Clinical Microbiology, Journal Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Mayo Clinic Proceedings y Malaria Journal. (unav.edu)
Pathogens1
- Encapsulated bacteria, most commonly Streptococcus pneumoniae, followed by Haemophilus influenzae type b and staphylococcal species, are the typical pathogens. (medscape.com)
Toxin2
- Staphylococcal Toxin" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
- 300 ks/ Only 800 anials left High mortality recently on Hawaiian Leeward Islands attributed to Ciquatera toxin found in local Moray Eels Mirounga angusirostris- Northern Elephant Seal Length more than 6 meters/wt. (wustl.edu)
Respiratory1
- In most infants with pneumonia, symptoms of respiratory distress are present at or within a few hours after birth. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
Streptococcus2
- Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus , Streptococcus pneumoniae , and Haemophilus influenzae are most commonly implicated when pneumonia develops within 4 to 7 days of hospitalization, whereas P. aeruginosa , MRSA, and enteric gram-negative organisms become more common with increasing duration of hospitalization. (merckmanuals.com)
- To the best of our knowledge, only 2 cases of necrotizing pneumonia caused by group C beta hemolytic streptococcus have been reported in the past. (rcjournal.com)
Complication2
- Despite the benefits of ICS-containing regimens in COPD management, healthcare providers should remain vigilant regarding the possible development of pneumonia as a complication in COPD patients receiving such therapies. (ersjournals.com)
- Necrotizing pneumonia is a serious complication of pneumonia. (rcjournal.com)
Prognosis2
- The prognosis for most forms of pneumonia is excellent. (pediatriconcall.com)
- The prognosis for varicella pneumonia is somewhat more guarded. (pediatriconcall.com)
Patients5
- PVL causes leukocyte destruction and necrotizing pneumonia, an aggressive condition that can kill up to 75% of patients. (wikipedia.org)
- In a post hoc analysis of the TOwards a Revolution in COPD Health (TORCH) study, we analysed and identified potential risk factors for adverse event reports of pneumonia in this randomised, double-blind trial comparing twice-daily inhaled salmeterol (SAL) 50 μg, fluticasone propionate (FP) 500 μg, and the combination (SFC) with placebo in 6,184 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD over 3 yrs. (ersjournals.com)
- Furthermore, patients with COPD who are hospitalised for pneumonia have been reported to exhibit higher mortality than patients without COPD 4 - 6 . (ersjournals.com)
- It was observed in TORCH that despite a reduction in moderate and severe COPD exacerbations with FP either alone or as combination therapy (SFC), there was an increase in the probability of having a pneumonia reported as an adverse event (AE) compared with patients randomised to placebo or SAL. (ersjournals.com)
- For patients admitted to ICU it is recommended that MRSA coverage be added (this is in the IDSA MRSA guideline , not the pneumonia guidelines). (blogspot.com)
Strains1
- Due to the close relationship of animals with the environmental microbiome and resistome, animal staphylococcal strains also represent a source of resistance determinants. (frontiersin.org)
Presentation2
- Although it is recognised that systemic corticosteroids may mask some of the clinical manifestations of pneumonia, such as fever, it is unclear to what extent inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) would also affect the clinical presentation. (ersjournals.com)
- This fulminant presentation is associated with an increased risk for mortality or permanent neurologic sequelae. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
Infiltrate1
- A chest radiograph showed a right lower lobe infiltrate, consistent with pneumonia. (rcjournal.com)
Occur1
- Most bacterial nosocomial pneumonias occur by aspiration of bacteria colonizing the oropharynx or upper gastrointestinal tract of the patient. (cdc.gov)
Bacteria1
Legionnaires2
- New sections on Legionnaires disease and pneumonia caused by Aspergillus sp. (cdc.gov)
- BACKGROUND: Legionnaires' disease (LD) is associated with high mortality rates and poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. (bvsalud.org)
Intravenous1
- Since the patient was allergic to penicillin, intravenous levofloxacin was initiated for treatment of the pneumonia. (rcjournal.com)
Infants1
- The radiographic findings in infants with pneumonia may be indistinguishable from those of hyaline membrane disease. (antiinfectivemeds.com)
Sequelae1
- Most children with uncomplicated pneumonia recover without sequelae. (pediatriconcall.com)
Antibiotics1
- Unlike most coagulase-negative staphylococcal species, S. lugdunensis often remains sensitive to penicillinase-resistant beta-lactam antibiotics (ie, methicillin-sensitive). (merckmanuals.com)
Incidence1
- The incidence of pneumonia in developing countries in children less than 5 years old is almost 30% with a high mortality rate. (pediatriconcall.com)
Inflammation1
- Pneumonia results from direct inflammation of the lung tissue. (pediatriconcall.com)
Clinical1
- En mayo de 2007 obtuve el Certificate of Training in Molecular Biological Techniques en el Department of Molecular Biology y desde Junio de 2008 a Junio de 2009 completé el Certificate in Clinical Research en el Center for Translational Science Activities en Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester Minnesota. (unav.edu)
Systemic1
- Staphylococcal TSS is a potentially life-threatening systemic bacterial intoxication. (medscape.com)
Protein1
- PVL may increase the expression of staphylococcal protein A, a key pro-inflammatory factor for pneumonia. (wikipedia.org)
Febrile1
- Localized crepitations in a febrile child without underlying lung disease is pneumonia until proven otherwise. (pediatriconcall.com)