• The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the homeodomain family of DNA binding proteins. (novusbio.com)
  • A database search showed that HAZ1 was most similar in its entire amino acid sequence to Zmhox1a (52% identity) and Zmhox1b (50%), PHD-finger family homeodomain proteins of maize. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Since the discovery of the Kn1 gene, a large number of transcription factor (TF) genes encoding proteins with homeodomains have been found in all plants and there are about 135 family members in maize. (grassius.org)
  • A member of the KNOTTED class of homeodomain proteins encoded by the STM gene of Arabidopsis. (grassius.org)
  • 1) Characterize novel families of oncoproteins (Pbx and Meis) that dimerize with and regulate the DNA binding properties of Hox proteins. (stanford.edu)
  • Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
  • This gene encodes a member of the bicoid subfamily of the paired (PRD) homeobox family of proteins. (thermofisher.com)
  • Transcripts found in unfertilized oocytes also encoded a large number of proteins implicated in cell adherence, tight junction and focal adhesion, suggesting high complexity in terms of structure and cellular interactions in embryos prior to midblastula transition (MBT). (biomedcentral.com)
  • A hallmark of events observed during segmentation was the induction of multiple transcription factors, including a large group of homeobox proteins in pace with decay of a large fraction of maternal transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences of their target genes to regulate gene transcription and thus play an essential role in modulating growth, development, and stress tolerance (Lambert et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The bZIP proteins are involved in various biological processes, such as resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, seed germination and development, morphogenesis, and hormonal regulation (Zhang et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In particular, the present invention provides neurogenesis inducing genes coding for Zic proteins, vectors containing such genes, host cells containing such vectors, proteins produced by such host cells, antibodies raised to such proteins, and therapeutic agents or agents for gene therapy for nervous diseases. (justia.com)
  • ONCOGENE FUSION includes an ONCOGENE as at least one of the fusion partners and such gene fusions are often detected in neoplastic cells and are transcribed into ONCOGENE FUSION PROTEINS. (edu.au)
  • A heterogeneous family of water-soluble structural proteins found in cells of the vertebrate lens. (lookformedical.com)
  • Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1, HAVCR1) is a class I integral membrane glycoprotein that belongs to the TIM family of proteins. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene contains an ATPase/helicase domain, and thus it belongs to the SWI/SNF family of chromatin remodeling proteins. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • TGFβ family proteins are well-known pivotal inducers of these events ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • The homeobox transcription factor HOXC13 upregulates human papillomavirus E1 gene expression and contributes to viral genome maintenance. (nih.gov)
  • This gene is part of the A cluster on chromosome 7 and encodes a DNA-binding transcription factor which may regulate gene expression, morphogenesis, and differentiation. (antibodypedia.com)
  • Genetic analysis of plant architecture has led to the discovery of key genes that function in meristems, including the maize ( Zea mays ) transcription factor knotted1 ( kn1 ), the founding member of the kn1 homeobox ( knox ) gene family (Vollbrecht et al. (grassius.org)
  • Homeobox domain genes are mainly involved in controlling the growth and developmental processes such as transition through phases in an organism by encoding a certain transcription factor. (grassius.org)
  • We previously discovered that that Maf-family bZIP transcription factor NRL is critical for rod photoreceptor fate and functional differentiation, and that loss of NRL leads to S-cones instead of rods. (nih.gov)
  • The encoded protein is likely to be a nuclear transcription factor. (nih.gov)
  • We developed a high-throughput gene knockout system, and using this system, we obtained null mutants of 104 fungal-specific Zn2Cys6 transcription factor (TF) genes by screening 8741 primary transformants in M. oryzae. (prelekara.sk)
  • 2012) MoSwi6, an APSES family transcription factor, interacts with MoMps1 and is required for hyphal and conidial morphogenesis, appressorial function and pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae. (prelekara.sk)
  • Among these are traits that depend on functional meristems, populations of stem cells maintained by the CLAVATA-WUSCHEL (CLV-WUS) negative feedback-loop that controls the expression of the WUS homeobox transcription factor. (nature.com)
  • The encoded protein acts as a transcription factor and may be autoregulatory. (thermofisher.com)
  • This gene is a member of the caudal-related homeobox transcription factor gene family. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene contains a homeobox domain and may be involved in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system. (nih.gov)
  • The protein encoded by this gene acts as a membrane receptor for both the human hepatitis A virus (HHAV) and TIMD4. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is an antagonist of angiopoietin 1, and both angiopoietin 1 and angiopoietin 2 are ligands for the endothelial TEK receptor tyrosine kinase. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is involved in the attachment of osteoclasts to the mineralized bone matrix. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a key component of the mismatch repair system that functions to correct DNA mismatches and small insertions and deletions that can occur during DNA replication and homologous recombination. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • I describe the temporal and spatial expression patterns of these genes through embryonic development. (rice.edu)
  • Homeobox (HOX) genes encode evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that are essential for embryonic morphogenesis and differentiation [5]. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Regulation of gene expression plays a central role in embryonic development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Maternal to zygotic transition (MZT) is the key event during embryogenesis marked by the switch of control from the maternal and possibly paternal transcripts to the newly synthesized embryonic gene products [ 9 - 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Multiple mutations affecting embryonic development have been induced by chemical and insertional mutagenesis resulting in the identification of genes with important roles in development in Drosophila [ 23 - 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The presence of a homeodomain (HD), which comprises 60 amino acids, makes a three-helix tertiary structure, that binds the promoter regions of specific target genes (Sharif et al. (grassius.org)
  • Many of the target genes by the newly identified miRNAs were associated with plant growth and development, stress response, defense and hormone signaling, and oil synthesis pathways. (springeropen.com)
  • Instead, they act at the cellular blastoderm stage, and cleavage of the ICD may allow it to directly regulate the transcription of target genes in alternate parasegments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The encoded protein responds to diverse cellular stresses to regulate expression of target genes, thereby inducing cell cycle. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • Members of this family have numerous roles, including regulation of cell adhesion, cell differentiation, directed cell motility, intracellular signaling and stabilization of f-actin at the sarcomeric Z-line in muscle. (rice.edu)
  • We further found via RNA-seq that GPF1 and CNF2 have similar mechanisms in gene expression regulation related to pathogenicity. (prelekara.sk)
  • Here, we show that in Xenopus, Fry plays a role in morphogenetic processes during gastrulation, in addition to its previously described function in the regulation of dorsal mesoderm gene expression. (nature.com)
  • We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer. (stanford.edu)
  • Our loss- and gain-of-function studies, as well as the observed genetic interactions among Dorsocross, tinman and pannier , suggest that co-expression of these three genes in the cardiac mesoderm, which also involves cross-regulation, plays a major role in the specification of cardiac progenitors. (biologists.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous RNAs with an approximate length of 18-22 nucleotides and involved in the regulation of gene expression in transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels. (springeropen.com)
  • I found that pollywog encodes the zebrafish mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase 4 ( map3k4 ) gene and that it acts upstream of p38a MAPK in the YSL. (rice.edu)
  • 2021). ZmHOX32 , a member of the HD-ZIP III family (that also harbor a START domain that is able to bind to steroid ligands), appears to function in leaf morphogenesis and plant photosynthesis as judged by the enriched category of downstream genes that it regulates (Miao et al. (grassius.org)
  • They were found to be associated with leaf morphogenesis, flowering time, vegetative phase change, and response to environmental cues in plants, where they act as a critical regulatory factor. (springeropen.com)
  • The homeobox genes encode a highly conserved family of transcription factors that play an important role in morphogenesis in all multicellular organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The exons encode the α chain, with four kringle structures (highly conserved triple disulfide loop structures), a short spacer region between the α and β chains, and the β chain ( Fig. 1A ) ( 4 - 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • We hypothesize that there might be at least three types of autism susceptibility genes/mutations that can be (i) specific to an individual patient or family, (ii) in a genetically isolated sub-population and (iii) a common factor shared amongst different populations. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • The genes/mutations could act alone or interact with other genetic and/or epigenetic or environmental factors, causing autism or related disorders. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • There are currently 20 retinal genes whose mutations cause the phenotype of LCA, accounting for about 70% of the cases, while the genes underlying the remaining 30% of patients await discovery. (aao.org)
  • Visual acuity (VA) in children with LCA varies significantly among patients with differing gene mutations and can be as low as no light perception (NLP). (aao.org)
  • In addition, the effects of gene knockdown can be assessed using various loss-of-function mutants, and researchers recently developed a new method of generating loss-of-function mutations in targeted genes in C. elegans [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our work with pollywog ( pwg ) maternal-effect mutants highlights the delicate control of the YSL during yolk morphogenesis, and provides novel insight into understanding which tissues of the embryo are affected by loss of a cohesive YSL. (rice.edu)
  • Radial axis differentiation marked by HAZ1 is then collapsed dynamically along with embryo morphogenesis, and HAZ1 later marks the ventral surface of the embryo. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The embryo of the frog Xenopus laevis is widely used as a model of cell polarization, migration, and morphogenesis due to its unique experimental advantages. (nature.com)
  • To date, the earliest stage at which the orientation of the anterior-posterior axis in the mouse embryo is distinguishable by asymmetric gene expression is shortly after E5.5. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In studies initially focused on roles of nonmuscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) in the developing mouse epidermis, we have discovered that a previously described cytokeratin 5 (K5)-Cre gene construct is expressed in early embryo development. (shengsci.com)
  • The induction cascades of early morphogenesis involve numerous growth factors, homeobox genes, and paired domain genes. (medscape.com)
  • The putative miRNAs belong to 12 individual miRNA family and most of them have higher (A + U) content ranging from 47.36 to 77.77% than their respective miRNA homologs. (springeropen.com)
  • Mammals possess four similar homeobox gene clusters, HOXA, HOXB, HOXC and HOXD, located on different chromosomes, consisting of 9 to 11 genes arranged in tandem. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vertebrates, the genes encoding the class of transcription factors called homeobox genes are found in clusters named A, B, C, and D on four separate chromosomes. (antibodypedia.com)
  • Mammalians have at least 39 HOX genes that are arranged in four clusters termed HOX A, B, C, and D [6]. (cancerhugs.com)
  • In the present review, the phenotypes of Met gene‑modified mice are summarized. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Moreover, gene functions can be analyzed by this system because of cell-specificity, even if mutants of the gene show fatal phenotypes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It may regulate gene expression, morphogenesis, and differentiation and it may also play a role in the cell cycle progession. (novusbio.com)
  • Homeobox genes that encode transcription factors play important roles in development and differentiation of both plant and animal systems. (elsevierpure.com)
  • HOX genes exert pleiotropic functions in many cell types and may control cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and migration [7]. (cancerhugs.com)
  • Latest research claim that HOX genes might play essential jobs in ovarian cancer differentiation [9-11]. (cancerhugs.com)
  • The encoded protein is a major regulator of intestine-specific genes involved in cell growth an differentiation. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • Studies in several vertebrate models and Drosophila have uncovered a surprising degree of evolutionary conservation of regulatory mechanisms and genes that control early cardiogenesis. (biologists.com)
  • HD-ZIP Gene Family: Potential Roles in Improving Plant Growth and Regulating Stress-Responsive Mechanisms in Plants. (grassius.org)
  • We found that 61 Zn2Cys6 TF genes play indispensable and diversified roles in fungal development and pathogenicity. (prelekara.sk)
  • Therefore, we aimed to analyze the biological roles of UvbZIP6 , a member of the bZIP family in U. virens . (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2018 ). The apple bZIP protein MdHY5 regulates the transcription of MdMYB10 and anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, promoting the expression of nitrate reductase genes and nitrate uptake genes and thereby playing essential roles in anthocyanin accumulation and nitrate assimilation (An et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results showed the roles of PpHDZs on root formation, which is helpful to better understand the classification and function of peach HD-Zip genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1991). The maize Kn1 gene was found to encode a homeodomain-containing protein, the first identified in the plant kingdom. (grassius.org)
  • In maize a total of 21 ZHD genes with different physicochemical properties were found distributed on nine chromosomes in maize (Islam et al. (grassius.org)
  • Vollbrecht E, Veit B, Sinha N, Hake S. The developmental gene Knotted-1 is a member of a maize homeobox gene family. (grassius.org)
  • Bolduc N, Tyers RG, Freeling M, Hake S. Unequal redundancy in maize knotted1 homeobox genes. (grassius.org)
  • Here we show that the maize dominant Barren inflorescence3 ( Bif3 ) mutant harbors a tandem duplicated copy of the ZmWUS1 gene, ZmWUS1-B , whose novel promoter enhances transcription in a ring-like pattern. (nature.com)
  • A distinct ZmFCP1-FEA3 ligand-receptor combination, originally identified in maize, prevents WUS gene expression in the region below the OC (also called rib zone, RZ), thus confining WUS expression within the OC of meristems 6 . (nature.com)
  • We proven that three HOXA genes previously, HOXA4, HOXA7 and HOXA10, had been overexpressed in serous ovarian adenocarcinomas in comparison with harmless serous tumors or tumors with low malignant potential. (cancerhugs.com)
  • The furry ( fry ) gene encodes an evolutionarily conserved protein with a wide variety of cellular functions, including cell polarization and morphogenesis in invertebrates. (nature.com)
  • However, heat shock promoters drive global expression, meaning that the knockdown is performed in the majority of cells, thereby removing vital cellular functions and thus inducing lethality when essential genes are knocked down by this method. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The major event of MBT was the activation of a large group of histones and other genes that modify chromatin structure preceding massive gene expression changes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This gene is one of several homeobox HOXD genes located in a cluster on chromosome 2. (wikipedia.org)
  • This gene is found on chromosome 20 near NKX2-4, and these two genes appear to be duplicated on chromosome 14 in the form of TITF1 and NKX2-8. (nih.gov)
  • To identify genes, signaling pathways and networks that are controlled by SRC-3 and potentially important for hormone-dependent decidualization, we performed RNA-sequencing on HESCs in which SRC-3 levels were significantly reduced at the time of administering the deciduogenic stimulus. (frontiersin.org)
  • Comparing HESC controls with HESCs deficient in SRC-3, gene enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed gene set revealed an overrepresentation of genes involved in chromatin remodeling, cell proliferation/motility, and programmed cell death. (frontiersin.org)
  • Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is produced by stromal and mesenchymal cells, and it stimulates epithelial cell proliferation, motility, morphogenesis and angiogenesis in various organs via tyrosine phosphorylation of its cognate receptor, Met. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • MKL1 and MKL2 ), or robust SRF transcriptional coactivators, have been reported to organize actin cytoskeletal rearrangement and regulate cell motility by controlling the expression of dozens of cytoskeletal/adhesion genes ( 4-6 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • We characterize early patterning during de novo development of the Arabidopsis shoot meristem using fluorescent reporters of known gene and protein activities required for shoot meristem development and maintenance. (biologists.com)
  • Charles S. Gasser spends much of his time researching Arabidopsis, Gene, Genetics, Ovule and Botany. (research.com)
  • However, conventional RNAi is insufficient for investigating pleiotropic genes with various sites of action and life stage-dependent functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The first stage involved identifying, in unrelated subjects showing linkage to 2q24-q33, genetic variants in exons and flanking sequence within candidate genes and comparing the frequency of the variants between autistic and unrelated nonautistic subjects. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • Our results are consistent with ten-1 normally providing a function complementary to the cytoskeletal remodeling processes that occur in migrating cells or cells undergoing morphogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In multiple human cancers, Tβ4 levels correlate positively with TGFβ1 and the tumor-associated gene expression levels through processes that respectively depend on TGFβ receptor 1 (TGFBR1) and MRTF expression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • HOXC-AS2 mediates the proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of non-small cell lung cancer by combining with HOXC13 gene. (nih.gov)
  • Identification of PARD3 signature on PARD3 deficient H157 cell line, reconstituting the expression of PARD3 gene, with a wt and a mutant form. (nih.gov)
  • We are using state-of-the-art next generation sequencing combined with bioinformatic strategies, and developing stem cell-based approaches for gene therapy and drug discovery. (nih.gov)
  • Numerous genes transcribed in oocytes are involved in multiple aspects of cell maintenance and protection, including metabolism, signal perception and transduction, RNA processing, cell cycle, defense against pathogens and DNA damage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • His research investigates the link between Integument and topics such as Morphogenesis that cross with problems in Cell biology, Mutant, Phenotype, Gametophyte and Homeobox. (research.com)
  • In this organism, various cell-specific promoters can be utilized for cell-specific expression to determine the function of a gene in a specific cell. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast to cell-specific promoters, heat shock promoters drive the expression of genes at arbitrary timing via heat shock [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, for detailed analysis of multifunctional genes, such as the components of the Ras-MAPK pathway described below, simultaneous time-specific and cell-specific knockdown is necessary. (biomedcentral.com)
  • None of the body neurons examined show any defects in the ten-1(ok641) mutant, but genetic interaction studies reveal that ten-1(ok641) is synthetic lethal with sax-3, unc-34 and unc-73 , and examination of the hypodermal cells in embryos of the ten-1(ok641) mutant point to a role of ten-1 during hypodermal cell morphogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This gene encodes a CXC chemokine receptor specific for stromal cell-derived factor-1. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • The Dorsocross genes are induced within the segmental areas of the dorsal mesoderm that receive intersecting Dpp and Wg inputs. (biologists.com)
  • CNF1 is the first reported TF gene that strongly and negatively regulates asexual development in the rice blast fungus, and CCA1, CNF1, CNF2, CONx1, GPF1, GTA1, MoCOD1 and PCF1 are required for pathogenicity. (prelekara.sk)
  • Moreover, OsABF1 directly regulates the expression of various genes, forming a complex feedback circuit in the drought or abscisic acid signaling pathway (Zhang et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, RsmA binds to the promoter region of aflR in the sterigmatocystin gene cluster , which encodes a C6 TF (Yin et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gene-specific factor TFIIIA interacts with DNA and acts as an adaptor for TFIIIC-promoter interactions. (bvsalud.org)
  • A previous report has shown that RNA hairpins, which are driven by the heat shock promoter, induce knockdown of the target gene [ 5 ], suggesting the possibility of time-specific knockdown. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: A strong association of autism with SNPs within the SLC25A12 gene was demonstrated. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • Bone marrow & Lymphoid tissues Brain Breast and female reproductive system Connective & Soft tissue Endocrine tissues Eye Gastrointestinal tract Kidney & Urinary bladder Liver & Gallbladder Lymphoid Male reproductive system Muscle tissues Myeloid Pancreas Proximal digestive tract Respiratory system Skin * nTPM: Normalized TPM levels represent consensus gene expression calculated using two data sets. (antibodypedia.com)
  • The prototypic member of the family is essential to the biogenesis of connective tissue, encoding an extracellular copper-dependent amine oxidase that catalyzes the first step in the formation. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • In this study, 23 HD-Zip genes distributed on 6 chromosomes were identified from the peach ( Prunus persica ) genome, and named PpHDZ01-23 according to their positions on the chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Two transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene, with only one of the isoforms containing the homeodomain region. (antibodypedia.com)
  • In C. elegans , the ten-1 gene can be transcribed from two distinct promoters to produce the transcripts ten-1a and ten-1b , which respectively encode two isoforms of the protein: TEN-1L, which contains all the teneurin domains described above (see Fig. 1F ), and TEN-1S, which lacks the ICD but contains the rest of the protein including the transmembrane domain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • also known as NCOA3 or AIB1) is a member of the multifunctional p160/SRC family of coactivators, which also includes SRC-1 and SRC-2. (frontiersin.org)
  • Loss-of-function mutants highlight the requirement for knox genes in shoot function. (grassius.org)
  • The nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans , in which loss-of-function mutants and RNA interference (RNAi) models are available, is a model organism useful for analyzing effects of genes on various life phenomena, including behavior. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ten-1 mutants have defects in all pharyngeal neurons that we examined, and in vivo reporters show that only the long form of the ten-1 gene is expressed in the pharynx, specifically in six marginal cells and the M2 neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Deletions that remove the entire HOXD gene cluster or the 5' end of this cluster have been associated with severe limb and genital abnormalities. (wikipedia.org)
  • Overexpression of RsmA , a bZIP TF-coding gene in Aspergillus nidulans , significantly increases secondary metabolite production and confers resistance against predation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2013 ). Under H 2 O 2 stress conditions, fission yeast increases the expression levels of bZIP TF genes ATF1 and PCR1 to successfully adapt to oxidative stress (Fernández-Vázquez et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • He combines subjects such as Homeobox and Mutant with his study of Ovule. (research.com)
  • In all these organisms, cardiac induction in the lateral mesoderm involves the concerted action of signals mediated by Bmp, Wnt and Fgf family members, which act upon cardiogenic genes encoding NK homeodomain, Gata and T-box transcription factors (reviewed by Zaffran and Frasch, 2002 ). (biologists.com)
  • These small non-coding RNAs derived from their precursor sequences, bind to their target mRNAs and negatively mediate the gene expressions in pre-transcriptional or post-transcriptional stages by impeding mRNA translation [ 12 , 13 ]. (springeropen.com)
  • This gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein containing transcriptional activation, DNA binding, and oligomerization domains. (transcriptionfactor.org)
  • We also find that duplicated regions show enrichment for genes associated with "antigen processing and presentation" and other immune related categories. (biomedcentral.com)
  • NRL interacts with homeodomain protein CRX and numerous other regulatory factors to control expression of most rod-expressed genes. (nih.gov)