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SucroseCell Adhesion MoleculesDietary SucroseMolecular Sequence DataCentrifugation, Density GradientAmino Acid SequenceSmall Molecule LibrariesKineticsSweetening AgentsProtein BindingBase SequenceCell LineModels, MolecularGlucosyltransferasesMolecular WeightBinding Sitesbeta-FructofuranosidaseSignal TransductionTasteCells, CulturedFructoseProtein ConformationNeural Cell Adhesion MoleculesCell MembraneCarbohydrate MetabolismWaterStarchMicroscopy, ElectronElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelEscherichia coliMutationAntibodies, MonoclonalIsomaltoseMembrane ProteinsIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1Recombinant ProteinsRNA, MessengerPeptidesDNACell AdhesionFructansAntigens, CDProtein Structure, TertiaryMice, Inbred C57BLTime FactorsStructure-Activity RelationshipMolecular StructureCell FractionationFood PreferencesCrystallography, X-RayHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationLigandsCloning, MolecularModels, BiologicalTemperatureBacterial ProteinsSolubilityPeptide FragmentsMacromolecular SubstancesMembrane GlycoproteinsBiological TransportProteinsT-LymphocytesSucraseNucleic Acid ConformationHistocompatibility Antigens Class IDietary CarbohydratesCattleRecombinant Fusion ProteinsCarrier ProteinsHistocompatibility Antigens Class IISequence Homology, Amino AcidGlucaric AcidVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1TransfectionCarbohydratesPlant ProteinsCariogenic AgentsMolecular ConformationNeural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1Substrate SpecificityEpitopesLymphocyte ActivationStreptococcus mutansRabbitsMice, Inbred BALB CGlycoside HydrolasesMaltoseFlow CytometryAmino AcidsSolutionsThermodynamicsChromatography, GelSodium ChlorideBlotting, WesternRNAPlasmidsMicroscopy, FluorescenceGlucoseGene Expression Regulation

LactoseMonosaccharidesFructose and glucose moleculesJoined to one molecule of fructoseDisaccharideGlucose and fructose moleculesCovalent bondsLarge moleculeCarbonSugarsMonosaccharide moleculesCarbohydratesEnzymePolymerBiological MoleculesCarbohydrateMonomersHydrogenSugarcaneSingle moleculesIndividual moleculesStarchHoneyCovalentlyCelluloseGlycerolSyrupsConcentrationTableAtomsProteinConcentrationsGlycosidicSugar caneCaneWaterPolarReactionChemistryBiosynthesisMadeTypeAcidStableSmallEqually

Lactose7

• Common nutritionally important disaccharides are sucrose , lactose, and maltose . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
• While the disaccharides sucrose, lactose, maltose, and cellobiose have the same chemical formula, C 12 H 22 O 11 , and all have at least one glucose molecule as part of their structure, they differ substantially in their properties. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
• Disaccharides (di-"two"), such as sucrose and lactose, are two monosaccharides linked together by covalent bonds . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
• For example, milk sugar (lactose) is made from glucose and galactose whereas cane sugar ( sucrose ) is made from glucose and fructose. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
• Examples of this type include sucrose (table sugar) and lactose. (helsana.ch)
• Sucrose is mainly found in sweets, while lactose is found in milk and dairy products. (helsana.ch)
• Sucrose, lactose, carbohydrates, and other complex sugars must be broken down into simple sugars by enzymes in the digestive tract before the body can absorb them. (msdmanuals.com)

Monosaccharides6

• Regular table sugar is the disaccharide sucrose (a polymer), which is composed of the monosaccharides fructose and glucose (which are monomers). (coursehero.com)
• The carbohydrate monosaccharides (fructose and glucose) are joined to make the disaccharide sucrose. (coursehero.com)
• Monosaccharides (mono- "one," saccharide- "sugar") are the monomers (small molecules that may bond chemically to form a polymer) out of which larger carbohydrates are constructed. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
• The two monosaccharides are bonded via a dehydration reaction (also called a condensation reaction) that leads to the loss of the molecule of water . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
• Many internal carbon atoms of monosaccharides and other organic molecules are asymmetric-each of their four covalent bonds links to a different atom or chemical group. (rincondelvago.com)
• Monosaccharides consist of just one sugar molecule. (helsana.ch)

Fructose and glucose molecules2

• The acid causes the sucrose molecules to break into fructose and glucose molecules (1 sucrose molecule = 1 glucose molecule + 1 fructose molecule. (food52.com)
• But if you add in some brown sugar, or completely go all in, do all brown sugar, you're going to have more fructose and glucose molecules, they're smaller, they're going to hold on to more moisture, and you're actually going to end up with a chewier and more moist cookie. (sciencefriday.com)

Joined to one molecule of fructose1

• Chemically, sugar - or sucrose - is one molecule of glucose joined to one molecule of fructose. (lesmills.com)

Disaccharide3

• Sucrose, a common disaccharide, composed of one glucose molecule (left) and one fructose molecule (right). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
• Bound together-a molecule of fructose plus a molecules of glucose-they form the disaccharide sucrose, commonly known as table sugar. (nationalgeographic.com)
• Fructose, or fruit sugar, is a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose. (sbwire.com)

Glucose and fructose molecules2

• When sucrose is digested, it separates into the glucose and fructose molecules. (differencebetween.net)
• I know the sucrose molecules like to stack up and fit together nicely, and the glucose and fructose molecules get in the way of doing so. (food52.com)

Covalent bonds1

• A relatively small molecule that can form covalent bonds with other molecules of this type to form a polymer. (coursehero.com)

Large molecule3

• A relatively large molecule consisting of a chain or network of many identical or similar monomers chemically bonded to each other. (coursehero.com)
• Sucrose is sugar wherein two small molecules (glucose and fructose) combine together to form one large molecule. (differencebetween.net)
• 1.Sucrose is a type of sugar that is formed by combining two small molecules into one large molecule while fructose is one of the molecules found in sucrose. (differencebetween.net)

Carbon7

• In tissue culture conditions, sucrose is utilized as carbon source. (scialert.net)
• From times till date, studies have well documented the multifarious important functions of carbon source sucrose during plant development from their germination to maturity. (scialert.net)
• Biological macromolecules all contain carbon in ring or chain form, which means they are classified as organic molecules. (coursehero.com)
• Carbohydrates are a class of biological molecules that contain primarily carbon (C) atoms flanked by hydrogen (H) atoms and hydroxyl (OH) groups (H-C-OH). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
• The alternative forms of a molecule in which atoms or groups attached to the carbon chain point in different direction are termed steroisomers. (rincondelvago.com)
• The two section of the course first deals with how plants fix carbon and synthesise sucrose and how this relates to crop productivity. (sun.ac.za)
• These molecules contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. (nih.gov)

Sugars3

• As the two sugars are joined together, a molecule of water is removed. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
• are chains of three to nine monosaccharide sugars, whereas polysaccharides have ten or more sugar molecules in the chain. (dummies.com)
• Table sugar (sucrose) is made of two simpler sugars called glucose and fructose. (msdmanuals.com)

Monosaccharide molecules1

• Carbohydrates consisting of three or more monosaccharide molecules have to be broken down by the body first before they can be digested. (helsana.ch)

Carbohydrates2

• Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates consisting of three to nine sugar molecules. (helsana.ch)
• Complex carbohydrates contain a large number of glucose molecules. (nih.gov)

Enzyme3

• The sucrose-sucrose fructosyl transferase enzyme relates a sucrose molecule with a fructose residue to a second sucrose molecule, producing a kestose-1 molecule. (wikipedia.org)
• In the industry, kestose, like other fructooligosaccharides, is produced by transfructosylation reaction of sucrose with the enzyme B-fructofuranosidase, which is obtained from the mold fungus Aspergillus niger. (wikipedia.org)
• Once consumed, it's split into glucose and fructose via sucrose (enzyme). (fightmagazine.com)

Polymer1

• In their proof of concept experiment, the group used fructose, found commonly in fruit, to create a solution of molecules, which was then converted to a plastic (polymer). (newswise.com)

Biological Molecules1

• Staudinger was the first to propose that many large biological molecules are built by covalently linking smaller biological molecules together. (coursehero.com)

Carbohydrate2

• The bond that link the two units covalently is called a glycosidic bond-a functional group that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to an alcohol, which may be another carbohydrate. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
• The worst carbohydrate for dental decay is sucrose. (nih.gov)

Monomers2

• Most (but not all) biological macromolecules are polymers, which are any molecules constructed by linking together many smaller molecules, called monomers. (coursehero.com)
• The prefixes "mono-" (one), "di-" (two),and "poly-" (many) will tell you how many of the monomers have been joined together in a molecule. (coursehero.com)

Hydrogen1

• This is what forms by the condensation reaction in which there is a loss of hydrogen (H) from one molecule and a hydroxyl group (OH) from the other. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Sugarcane1

• When most people talk about sugar, they're referring to sucrose, or table sugar, which is made from sugar beets or sugarcane. (healthline.com)

Single molecules2

• studied how a molecular motor made up of Kar3 and Cik1 moves along microtubules using sensitive microscopy that allows single molecules to be observed. (elifesciences.org)
• Similarly, the powerful global search techniques that have been applied to, and sometimes specifically developed for, the structure prediction of crystals and single molecules in vacuum or solvent can also be employed for the prediction of the structure(s) of molecules on surfaces. (degruyter.com)

Individual molecules2

• The design of future materials for biotechnological applications via deposition of molecules on surfaces will require not only exquisite control of the deposition procedure, but of equal importance will be our ability to predict the shapes and stability of individual molecules on various surfaces. (degruyter.com)
• Specifically, analysing urine samples using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and based on the output identify a metabolic profile (with individual molecules being markers for specific foods). (lu.se)

Starch1

• Now, using a metabolic engineering approach, yeast is engineered to produce glucose, myo-inositol, glucosamine, sucrose and starch from C 1-3 molecules. (nature.com)

Honey1

• 4.One can get fructose from fruits and honey while sucrose can be obtained from fruits and vegetables. (differencebetween.net)

Covalently1

• Sucrose is a compound with one molecule of glucose covalently linked to one molecule of fructose. (sbwire.com)

Cellulose2

• The way the molecules pack together can be seen, with all molecules in cellulose being parallel and tightly packed. (wikibooks.org)
• The research team focuses on biomass, using oilseed from agricultural crops, cellulose, lignin and sucrose to generate building blocks of molecules that are made into polymers to create plastics. (newswise.com)

Glycerol2

• Natural fat consists of a molecule of glycerol attached to three molecules of fatty acids. (newscientist.com)
• Olestra replaces the glycerol with sucrose, and attaches six, seven or eight fatty acids. (newscientist.com)

Syrups1

• Both turbinado sugar and maple syrups are primarily composed of sucrose, so I wonder if adding a bit of lemon juice or cream of tartar to the mix would help prevent crystallization. (food52.com)

Concentration7

• Investigation of Factors Affect Osmosis in Potatoes Aim The aim of the following experiment was to investigate the effect of varying the concentration of sucrose solution on osmosis in a potato. (bartleby.com)
• Effect of Sucrose Solution on Osmosis Aim: The aim of the experiment is to show how varying the concentration of sucrose solution affects osmosis by changing different molar solutions of sucrose and water and how it affects the potato. (bartleby.com)
• Introduction: In this investigation I will be exploring the effect of varying concentration of sucrose sugar solution on the amount of activity between the solution and the potatoes. (bartleby.com)
• Title: The effect the molarity of sucrose solution has on osmolarity Introduction: Passive transport occurs when substances move from high concentration areas to a lower concentration region. (bartleby.com)
• An investigation to find the water potential of potato and carrot tubers in a sucrose solution, of concentration 0.00 - 0.50Mol, over a 24 hour period Interpretation Written Communication C1 From our graph it can be seen that the concentration of sucrose solution is 0.18 M at 0% change in mass for the potato and 0.355 M at 0% change in mass for the carrot. (bartleby.com)
• An interesting fact regarding sucrose responsiveness is that a specific concentration of sucrose is a necessity for plant growth and survival and at the same time mere increase or decrease from the normal concentration produces adverse results. (scialert.net)
• Molecules such as sucrose's are moved against their concentration gradient using active transport - this requires the use of energy. (ostatic.com)

Table1

• Component of table sugar (sucrose) along with glucose. (fightmagazine.com)

Atoms1

• Calculate number of atoms of each type in 3.42 gm of sucrose. (topperlearning.com)

Protein3

• In this study, we revealed that Homer3 was phosphorylated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in Purkinje cells, and the phosphorylation reduces the affinity for Homer target molecules, resulting in change of the solubility. (jneurosci.org)
• Using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, sorption calorimetry, and synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), we have characterized the properties at low (re)hydration levels of the protein lysozyme, which was freeze-dried together with the excipient sucrose. (lu.se)
• This may be the water molecule buried near the small hydrophobic folding core at the D-E turn in the native protein. (lu.se)

Concentrations3

• This will happen by using different concentrations of sucrose (20%, 40%, 60%) afterwards, the change in mass ratio would be observed over time. (bartleby.com)
• conducted in order to explore the process of diffusion and osmosis and more importantly to investigate the question of "Does different concentrations of sucrose solutions have an effect on the final weight for the potato tubers? (bartleby.com)
• In present study, we analyzed the effect of varying sucrose (1, 3 and 5%) concentrations on the genes involved in steviol glycoside biosynthesis pathway and content of steviol glycosides. (scialert.net)

Glycosidic1

• In the 1-kestose type, the fructose molecule will be connected to sucrose by a (1→2β) glycosidic bond. (wikipedia.org)

Sugar cane1

• Refined white sugar is pure sucrose which is produced either from sugar cane or sugar beets and is refined to a white crystal. (vitamedica.com)

Cane2

• Do this over and over until you collect all the cane juice (10-15% sucrose). (rationalwiki.org)
• The result is evaporated cane juice , which is 60% sucrose. (rationalwiki.org)

Water7

• hydrolysis reaction - reaction using water to break down larger molecules into their smaller substitute not parts, breaking chemical bonds. (wikibooks.org)
• likewise if it freezes to become solid ice, nothing has changed with regard to the basic chemical structure of the H 2 O molecules that make up water. (encyclopedia.com)
• Likewise, if water molecules experience electrolysis, a process in which electric current is used to decompose H 2 O into molecules of H 2 and O 2 , this is also a chemical change. (encyclopedia.com)
• Both Diffusion and Osmosis are examples of passive transport, however, osmosis is when water molecules move across a selectively permeable membrane. (bartleby.com)
• Water molecules have the same arrangement. (food52.com)
• Water molecules make up the majority of a cell's total mass. (coursehero.com)
• All the molecules both inside and outside of cells are situated in a water-based (i.e., aqueous) environment, and all the reactions of biological systems are occurring in that same environment. (coursehero.com)

Polar1

• Ordinary sugar is sucrose, which is a polar molecule. (food52.com)

Reaction1

• The rings form through a reaction between two functional groups in the same molecule. (rincondelvago.com)

Chemistry1

• But just as it had originally been the case in other fields of synthetic chemistry, such as molecular or solid state chemistry, the outcome of such a deposition with respect to the structure of the individual molecule or the structural arrangement of many molecules is very hard to predict without prior experimental input. (degruyter.com)

Biosynthesis1

• Present work thus suggests that sucrose might be acting as an enhancer of transcriptional trigger to the genes of steviol glycoside biosynthesis pathway that could positively manipulate the production of steviol glycosides. (scialert.net)

Made2

• They are made up of sugar molecules, which are broken down by the small intestine. (helsana.ch)
• They are made up of chains of sugar molecules, which vary in length. (helsana.ch)

Type2

• 2.Sucrose is the most common type of sugar and comes in the form of refined, confectioner, baker's, and coarse sugar while fructose is not as widely used as sucrose although it is also available for use in baking and other food preparations. (differencebetween.net)
• A discovery by researchers at North Dakota State University, Fargo, holds scientific promise that could lead to a new type of plastic that can be broken down when exposed to a specific type of light and is reduced back to molecules, which could then be used to create new plastic. (newswise.com)

Acid1

• The acid functions as an "interfering agent", causing sugar molecules to spin around like bumper cars with their "like" poles trying to match up, and therefore preventing re-crystallization because the opposite poles literally can't match up and grab onto each other. (food52.com)

Stable1

• But we are still far away from an unbiased structure prediction of thermodynamically and/or kinetically stable structures of molecules on surfaces. (degruyter.com)

Small1

• Accordingly, our laboratory has developed small molecule p75 NTR ligands that increase survival signaling and inhibit amyloid-β-induced degenerative signaling in in vitro studies. (plos.org)

Equally1

• An early study indicated that a high sucrose diet was equally cariogenic in the presence or absence of cocoa bean ash 90 , while the incorporation of cocoa powder or chocolate into hamster diets was reported to reduce caries 78 . (bvsalud.org)