Molecules hormones carbohydrate lysosome associated membrane glycoproteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Exocytosis has vesicles that contain lipids and proteins combine with the cell membrane, which has the effect of increasing the overall size of the cell. (databasefootball.com)
Endocytosis serves the opposite function, removing proteins and lipids from the cell membrane and bringing them into the interior of the cell, decreasing the size of the cell membrane and the cell itself. (databasefootball.com)
There are different kinds of proteins associated with the cell membrane. (databasefootball.com)
Integral membrane proteins are those which are part of the membrane itself and are capable of passing through the membrane. (databasefootball.com)
The peripheral membrane proteins are only linked to the membrane through interactions with different proteins, they are exterior and not part of the membrane itself. (databasefootball.com)
Receptor proteins are those which enable the cell to communicate with things in the environment, achieving this to the use of neurotransmitters and hormones. (databasefootball.com)
Glycoproteins are proteins that have a carbohydrate chain linked to them, and they assist cells in communicating with other cells and transporting molecules across the cell membrane. (databasefootball.com)
Transport proteins, as the name implies, are responsible for transporting molecules through the cell membranes and into the body of the cell through the process of facilitated diffusion. (databasefootball.com)
At that time, glycobiology, which is the study of carbohydrates and their recognition by motif-specific carbohydrate-binding proteins or lectins, lagged far behind the studies that defined the structural and cellular biology of cell death. (nature.com)
O-linked found in mucous fluids, but can also be present in membrane and secretory proteins, 3 or more sugars linked by N-acetylglalactosamine (GalNAc)--connected to serine, theronine. (freezingblue.com)
Many of the proteins that are destined to become a part of plasma membrane or to be secreted from the cell, have carbohydrate chains attached to the amide nitrogen of asparagine(N linked) or the hydroxyl groups of serine, threonine(O linked). (microbenotes.com)
Sulfate modidication takes place by the addition of sulphate molecules and these modifications of proteins occurs at tyrosine residues. (microbenotes.com)
Aids in proper protein folding - few lectin molecules called calnexin binds to glycosylated proteins and assist in its folding. (microbenotes.com)
The inner membrane also contains proteins that are involved in the electron transport chain, a process that produces ATP, the energy currency of the cell. (biochemden.com)
The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. (lookformedical.com)
All cellular membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in n which proteins are embedded. (easynotecards.com)
A metabolic disorder is any disease or disorder that negatively affects the biochemical reactions through which individual animal cells process nutrient molecules (such as the components of carbohydrates , proteins , and fats ) to yield energy or perform the functions necessary to sustain life (such as building complex molecules and creating cellular structure). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The blood carries the hormones to target cells that contain specific receptor proteins for the hormones, and which therefore can respond in a specific fashion to them. (50webs.org)
These compounds generally penetrate cell membranes, act on specific target proteins in cells, regulate intracellular signaling pathways, and cause some changes in cell phenotype. (chemscene.com)
It also reveals the chemical composition of human body, carbon as a major elements and complex biomolecules such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, water and minerals. (dagonuniversity.edu.mm)
The functions of the endoplasmic reticulum can be summarized as the synthesis and export of proteins and membrane lipids, but varies between ER and cell type and cell function. (ipfs.io)
Transformation can include embedding of new proteins in membrane as well as structural changes. (ipfs.io)

A component of the lipids in animal cells is cholesterol, which is dispersed in between the phospholipids and parts of the membrane. (databasefootball.com)
The cholesterol helps hold the cell membrane together and prevent the membrane from becoming too stiff by limiting how closely the lipids can be to one another. (databasefootball.com)
Smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in the production of lipids, carbohydrates, and some hormones. (doctor-dr.com)
Smooth ER also produces membrane lipids that are incorporated into the cell membrane. (doctor-dr.com)
When Atg8 protein engineered with the red florescence protein (RFP), RFP-Atg8, RFP-Atg8 protein will be conjugated to the lipids and enable the membrane fusion to localize on the autophagosome. (hypothes.is)

Coated pits can concentrate large extracellular molecules that have different receptors responsible for the receptor-mediated endocytosis of ligands, e.g. low density lipoprotein, transferrin, growth factors, antibodies and many others. (wikipedia.org)
Uptake of extracellular molecules is also believed to be specifically mediated via receptors in caveolae. (wikipedia.org)
Free T3 exerts its effects by binding to its cognate intracellular thyroid hormone receptors (TRs)[3]. (myendoconsult.com)
Secreted phospholipases A 2 (sPLA 2 s) participate in a very broad spectrum of biological processes through their enzymatic activity and as ligands for membrane and soluble receptors. (ijbs.com)
Rare, autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of the beta 2 integrin receptors (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION) comprising the CD11/CD18 family of glycoproteins. (lookformedical.com)
What term is used to indicate signaling chemicals that bind to membrane receptors? (easynotecards.com)
Signaling chemicals that bind to membrane receptors are called ligands. (easynotecards.com)
NKR couples to phospholipase C generating intracellular messengers Abarelix Acetate whose downstream effects include depolarizing the membrane and facilitating the function of -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and NMDA receptors (see below). (niepokorny.org)
Agonist receptors recognise stimulatory molecules. (teachmephysiology.com)
When a platelet binds to collagen, the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa pathway is activated - a complex system controlled by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). (teachmephysiology.com)

Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) are found in virtually all cells and form domains of the plasma membrane termed clathrin-coated pits. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, it suggests that the two apparently distinct clathrin assembly modes, namely coated pits and coated plaques, observed in experimental investigations might be a consequence of varied tensions in the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Caveolae are the most commonly reported non-clathrin-coated plasma membrane buds, which exist on the surface of many, but not all cell types. (wikipedia.org)
They can constitute up to a third of the plasma membrane area of the cells of some tissues, being especially abundant in smooth muscle, type I pneumocytes, fibroblasts, adipocytes, and endothelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
Pinocytosis, which usually occurs from highly ruffled regions of the plasma membrane, is the invagination of the cell membrane to form a pocket, which then pinches off into the cell to form a vesicle (0.5-5 µm in diameter) filled with a large volume of extracellular fluid and molecules within it (equivalent to ~100 CCVs). (wikipedia.org)
The endocytic pathway of mammalian cells consists of distinct membrane compartments, which internalize molecules from the plasma membrane and recycle them back to the surface (as in early endosomes and recycling endosomes), or sort them to degradation (as in late endosomes and lysosomes). (wikipedia.org)
We now understand that the plasma membrane is a very dynamic part of the cell and that is much more than just a barrier. (visionlearning.com)
Pieces of the ER periodically separate and add to other membrane-bound organelles, including the plasma membrane. (doctor-dr.com)
The molecular makeup of the plasma membrane and the membrane that forms the walls of the ER is almost identical. (doctor-dr.com)
Vesicles pinch off from the last cisterna and move to the plasma membrane for secretion, releasing their contents outside the cell. (doctor-dr.com)
Golgi vesicles may also house specific protein and glycoprotein molecules, which integrate into the plasma membrane gradually. (doctor-dr.com)
As a cell grows, its plasma membrane expands. (easynotecards.com)
The plasma membrane expands as a result of exocytosis. (easynotecards.com)
Is the inside of the plasma membrane negative or positive relative to its outside in a polarized membrane of a resting cell? (easynotecards.com)
RER is found mainly toward the nucleus of cell and SER towards the cell membrane or plasma membrane of cell. (cloudfront.net)

Examples of organelles with their own membranes include vacuoles, lysosomes , and the Golgi apparatus. (databasefootball.com)
Tyrosine sulfation accomplished via the activity of tyrosylproteinsulfotransferases (TPST) which are membrane associated enzymes of trans-Golgi network. (microbenotes.com)
The Golgi apparatus is a membrane organelle located near the nucleus, consisting of stacked cisternae or sacs. (doctor-dr.com)
Enzymes in the Golgi cisterna chemically modify protein molecules, creating glycoproteins by binding carbohydrate molecules. (doctor-dr.com)
Small vesicles transport protein molecules from the ER to the Golgi apparatus, where they are processed and packaged. (doctor-dr.com)
A protein molecule enters the first cisterna of the Golgi apparatus, goes through a series of chemical changes, is delivered (through a vesicle) to the second cisterna for more changes, and so on until it is prepared to leave the final cisterna. (doctor-dr.com)
Lysosomes contain membrane walls and are vesicles that detach from the Golgi apparatus. (doctor-dr.com)

Vacuoles and lysosomes use a membrane to encase a variety of different substances for transport or, in the case of the lysosome, elimination. (databasefootball.com)
During bulk autophagy, autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes or vacuoles resulting in the degradation of the cargo. (hypothes.is)

Glycolipids are found on the surface of the cell membrane, and they have carbohydrate sugars attached to them. (databasefootball.com)
Fucose is a monosaccharide that is commonly found in the cell walls of bacteria and is involved in the formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids. (lookformedical.com)
galactosyl moieties from glycolipids and glycoproteins and catalyze the hydrolysis of melibiose into galactose and glucose. (assaygenie.com)

Subsequently, thyroglobulin (Tg), a large glycoprotein containing multiple tyrosine residues, is synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of thyroid follicular cells. (myendoconsult.com)
It processes molecules similar to the endoplasmic reticulum, preparing protein molecules for export from the cell. (doctor-dr.com)
When ribosomes are seen attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, it means a protein molecule is being synthesized. (biologyonline.com)
The endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) is a type of organelle in eukaryotic cells that forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structures known as cisternae . (ipfs.io)
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes and functions in lipid manufacture and metabolism, the production of steroid hormones , and detoxification . (ipfs.io)
The lacy membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum were first seen in 1945 using electron microscopy . (ipfs.io)
The lacy membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum were first seen in 1945 by Keith R. Porter , Albert Claude , Brody Meskers and Ernest F. Fullam, using electron microscopy . (ipfs.io)
The general structure of the endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes called cisternae . (ipfs.io)
The membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum forms large double membrane sheets that are located near, and continuous with, the outer layer of the nuclear envelope . (ipfs.io)
The endoplasmic reticulum is found in most eukaryotic cells and forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs known as cisternae (in the RER), and tubular structures in the SER. (cloudfront.net)

Most of the cell membrane is formed by phospholipids that have a unique structure that causes them to self-arrange into a double layer that is hydrophobic in the middle and hydrophilic on the outside. (visionlearning.com)
These include the generation of a variety of lipid mediators, along with membrane remodelling, modification of extracellular non-cellular phospholipid components of pulmonary surfactant, microparticles and lipoproteins, and degradation of microbial membranes and dietary phospholipids. (ijbs.com)
Unsaturated phospholipids would make the membrane more fluid. (easynotecards.com)
Docosahexaenoic Acid methyl ester is a methylated docosahexaenoic acid analog which can be intercalated into membrane phospholipids without being oxidized or hydrolyzed [1][2]. (medchemexpress.com)

On the other hand, T3, the biologically active thyroid hormone, accounts for almost 10% of the total endogenous thyroid hormone production[1]. (myendoconsult.com)
The endocrine glands secrete their products, which are biologically active molecules called hormones, into the blood. (50webs.org)
In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. (lookformedical.com)

Parafollicular C cells, larger separate groups of epithelial cells situated between the thyroid follicles, are responsible for the secretion of the peptide hormone calcitonin, which plays a role in the regulation of calcium metabolism. (myendoconsult.com)
The t hyroid gland present in the anterior neck is responsible for the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). (myendoconsult.com)
Many endocrine glands are organs whose primary functions are the production and secretion of hormones. (50webs.org)

The cell membrane also serves as an anchor point for the cytoskeleton of the cell in some organisms, and it attaches to the cell wall in plant cells. (databasefootball.com)
Dystrophin-glycoprotein complex bridges the inner cytoskeleton (F-actin) and the basal lamina. (medscape.com)

Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. (biochemden.com)
Mitochondria are generally oval or sausage-shaped organelles, with a double membrane structure. (biochemden.com)

These organelles are found in eukaryotic cells, which are cells that have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. (biochemden.com)
The nuclear envelope separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm and has tiny openings called nuclear pores that allow the passage of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. (biochemden.com)
The inner membrane is lined by a network of intermediate filaments called the nuclear lamina, which provides structural support to the nucleus. (biochemden.com)

Which type of membrane receptor is most important in directing intracellular events by promoting formation of second messengers? (easynotecards.com)
Then, students will learn the cell as the basis unit of biology, major intracellular organelles and their functions, subcellular fractionation, the experimental approach to isolation of molecules, determination of the structure of biomolecules, analysis and preparations that leads to study biochemical processes. (dagonuniversity.edu.mm)
Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. (lookformedical.com)

Glycosylation is the addition of carbohydrate molecules to the polypeptide chain and modifying it into glycoproteins. (microbenotes.com)

Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates composed of long chains of monosaccharide units, with important functions in the body including energy storage, structural support, and immune response. (lookformedical.com)

The cristae greatly increase the surface area of the inner membrane, providing more space for the enzymes involved in cellular respiration. (biochemden.com)
Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of mannose from a nucleoside diphosphate mannose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate. (lookformedical.com)
Cellular metabolism, involving the synthesis and breakdown of complex organic molecules, requires harmonious coordination of the various enzymes, biochemical reactions, and so forth. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Thyroid hormones are important regulators of various physiological processes, such as cellular growth and metabolism. (myendoconsult.com)
Carbohydrate metabolism, inborn errors refer to genetic disorders that affect the body's ability to properly process carbohydrates, leading to various metabolic disorders. (lookformedical.com)
Hormones affect the metabolism of their target organs and, by this means, help regulate total body metabolism, growth, and reproduction. (50webs.org)
The SER lacks ribosomes and functions in lipid synthesis but not metabolism , the production of steroid hormones , and detoxification . (cloudfront.net)

Thyroid hormone synthesis is a highly regulated process that occurs in the thyroid gland, specifically within the thyroid follicular cells. (myendoconsult.com)
During DNA replication, the double-stranded DNA molecule is unwound, and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. (biochemden.com)
in the absence of a particular enzyme, the abnormal or unregulated synthesis of complex molecules might result. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Potocytosis is a form of receptor-mediated endocytosis that uses caveolae vesicles to bring molecules of various sizes into the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Examples include the glycoprotein IIb-IIIa receptor, which is targeted by antiplatelets such as tirafiban. (teachmephysiology.com)

What basic structure do all cellular membranes share? (easynotecards.com)
Another distinctive feature of a cellular structure regarded as an "organelle" is when it has a biological membrane that compartmentalizes its contents. (biologyonline.com)
It consists of the cellular epithelium, that has an outer extracellular matrix - the cuticula - and an inner extracellular matrix - the basement membrane. (collembola.org)
FD patients show systemic accumulation of globotriaoslyceramide (Gb3) and related glycosphingolipids in the plasma and cellular lysosomes throughout the body. (assaygenie.com)

The cell membrane is a thin membrane that encases the cytoplasm of the cell , and holds the cytoplasm (as well as the cell's organelles) within it, separating the interior of the cell from the outside environment. (databasefootball.com)
Although the cell membrane is the most well-known membrane in a cell, some of the organelles found within a cell also have their own respective membranes. (databasefootball.com)
Unlike most endocytosis that uses caveolae to deliver contents of vesicles to lysosomes or other organelles, material endocytosed via potocytosis is released into the cytosol. (wikipedia.org)
Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, do not have membrane-bound organelles. (biochemden.com)
To make their research easier, they have been split into the membrane organelles and the nonmembranous organelles, two major types. (doctor-dr.com)
The term "membranous organelles" refers to organelles that are specialist sacs or canals made of cell membrane. (doctor-dr.com)
Instead of membrane, the nonmembranous organelles are made of microscopic filaments or other nonmembranous materials. (doctor-dr.com)
1) membrane-bound organelles (included are double-membraned and single-membraned cytoplasmic structures). (biologyonline.com)

These are hormones derived from the amino acids tyrosine and tryptophan. (50webs.org)

Cholesterol isn't a part of the cell membrane in plant cells , only animal cells. (databasefootball.com)
From the 17th century until around the 1960s, the outer membrane of cells was thought to be a simple passive barrier. (visionlearning.com)
Although these early studies didn't directly focus on membranes or even cells , they were very important because they described the repulsion that occurs when water-insoluble fluids , such as oil, come in contact with water. (visionlearning.com)
a. if cells were surrounded by membranes. (visionlearning.com)
The surface of the living cells is decorated by a complex layer of glycosylated molecules that store relevant biological information. (nature.com)
Iodide ions are then transported to the apical membrane of the thyroid follicular cells by the action of pendrin, an anion exchanger protein. (myendoconsult.com)
In this work, we used cytotoxicity and enzymatic assays and morphological analysis to examine the effects of a proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF)-like molecule purified from ascitic fluid of Walker tumour-bearing rats (WF), which has been suggested to be responsible for muscle atrophy, on cultured C 2 C 12 muscle cells. (biomedcentral.com)
A series of interconnected protein and carbohydrate networks that surround and support cells in 3 dimensions. (hypothes.is)
The navigators target specific tumor cells and the small molecules enter tumor cells to kill them. (genemedi.com)
CD16 and CD56 are markers for NK Cells *Rx for Mycoplasma pneumonia (cold agglutinins) mentioned in stem  Erythromycin, Tetracycline *Guy had occult blood in stool and fibrosis in kidney  Polyarteritis Nodosa *What type of HSN reaction is the PPD test for TB  Type IV HSN Rx *ADH hormone 2nd messenger  adenylyl cyclase / cAMP *Pt. (pdfcoffee.com)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. (lookformedical.com)
Antidiuretic hormone is a polypeptide with eight amino acids, too small to accurately be called a protein. (50webs.org)

Translation pauses and the ribosome complex binds to the RER translocon where translation continues with the nascent (new) protein forming into the RER lumen and/or membrane. (ipfs.io)

In addition, a number of chemicals-norepinephrine, for example-are secreted both as a neurotransmitter and a hormone. (50webs.org)

Define and classify biological molecules. (mdcatustad.com)
Our ready-to-use ChemScene compound libraries consist of over 4000 small molecules with validated biological and pharmacological activities. (chemscene.com)
Bioactive compounds are a general term for a class of substances that can cause certain biological effects in the body, which are the main source of small molecule drugs. (chemscene.com)

α-Glucosidase (α-D-Glucosidase), a carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme, catalyzes the liberation of α-glucose from the non-reducing end of the substrate. (medchemexpress.com)

A molecule is bundled in a membrane secretory vesicle that migrates to the cell's surface and "pops open" to release its contents into the environment outside the cell when it is ready to go. (doctor-dr.com)

The nuclear envelope consists of an outer membrane and an inner membrane. (biochemden.com)
The outer membrane is smooth, while the inner membrane is highly folded, forming structures called cristae. (biochemden.com)
The space between the two membranes is called the intermembrane space, while the fluid-filled space inside the inner membrane is called the mitochondrial matrix. (biochemden.com)
This membrane-associated complex seems to be embedded exclusively in the inner membrane, which indicates that additional components are required to translocate substrates across the mycobacterial outer membrane. (regenerativemedicine.net)

The results show that when the equivalent of reducing agent TCEP is 0.4 and 1.5, the results do not have regularity, which may be caused by the limited opening of disulfide bond and the limited coupling of small molecules. (genemedi.com)
Lane4-7: Antibodies were treated with different equivalents of reductant (TCEP) and then added with different equivalents of conjugated small molecules (MMAE). (genemedi.com)

[8] The double membrane sheets are stacked and connected through several right or left-handed helical ramps, the so-called Terasaki ramps, giving rise to a structure resembling a parking garage. (ipfs.io)

The cell membrane also helps regulate the growth of the cell, by controlling the processes of exocytosis and endocytosis . (databasefootball.com)
These processes involve the uptake of larger membrane areas than clathrin-mediated endocytosis and caveolae pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Does this membrane expansion involve endocytosis or exocytosis? (easynotecards.com)

The vesicle then travels into the cytosol and fuses with other vesicles such as endosomes and lysosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Vesicles containing modified molecules move to the next cisterna for further processing until reaching the last cisterna. (doctor-dr.com)

Although one typically thinks of carbohydrates as associated with cell growth and viability, glycosylation also has an integral role in many processes leading to cell death. (nature.com)

The outer layer of a cell, or a cell membrane, is a complex structure with many different kinds of molecules that are in constant motion, moving fluidly throughout the membrane. (visionlearning.com)
Although it was too thin for them to see with simple light microscropes, scientists called this outer wrapping a membrane (in Latin, membrana ), which means a thin layer of skin or tissue. (visionlearning.com)
The membranes of the ER are continuous with the outer nuclear membrane . (ipfs.io)
Mycobacteria are characterized by their impermeable outer membrane, which is rich in mycolic acids1. (regenerativemedicine.net)

Carbohydrates consisting of between two (DISACCHARIDES) and ten MONOSACCHARIDES connected by either an alpha- or beta-glycosidic link. (lookformedical.com)

At the apical membrane of the thyroid follicular cell, the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) enzyme, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), catalyzes the oxidation of iodide to form reactive iodine species[7]. (myendoconsult.com)

Two decades later, pioneering studies suggested that lectin-like molecules constitutively expressed on the surface of macrophages can selectively recognize changes on glycans decorating the surface of apoptotic thymocytes, 4 , 5 although these studies likewise did not provide substantial insight into the mechanisms by which lectin-glycan interactions regulate cell death. (nature.com)
Interactions between the various hormones produce effects that may be synergistic, permissive, or antagonistic. (50webs.org)

Firstly, T4 is the predominant thyroid hormone secreted by the thyroid gland, accounting for approximately 90% of endogenous total thyroid hormone production[1]. (myendoconsult.com)
rT3 is a by-product of thyroid hormone inactivation and is clinically useful as an important marker of the sick euthyroid syndrome[6]. (myendoconsult.com)
They include the hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla, thyroid, and pineal glands. (50webs.org)
questions on the mechanism and drugs involved in thyroid hormone formation and inhibition. (pdfcoffee.com)

The phospholipid membrane encloses the cisternal space (or lumen), which is continuous with the perinuclear space but separate from the cytosol . (ipfs.io)

Here, we report the molecular architecture of the ESX-5 membrane complex from Mycobacterium xenopi determined at 13 resolution by electron microscopy. (regenerativemedicine.net)

The double bonds cause the fatty acid chains to kink so that they cannot be packed closely and this makes the membrane more fluid. (easynotecards.com)

Galactosidase A is a homodimeric glycoprotein that belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 27 family. (assaygenie.com)

In addition to humoral factors, tumour-derived molecules have also been proposed as mediators of cancer cachexia. (biomedcentral.com)

Transient transfection of the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 with the siRNAs for carbohydrate (chondroitin 4) sulfotransferase-11 ( CHST11 ) and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 ( CSPG4 ) was used to investigate the involvement of these genes in expression of surface P-selectin ligands. (biomedcentral.com)

It took several more decades before scientists came to understand the structural features of the membrane that allow it to repel water. (visionlearning.com)

Hormones are regulatory molecules secreted into the blood by endocrine glands. (50webs.org)
The concept of the endocrine system, however, must be extended beyond these organs, because many other organs in the body secrete hormones. (50webs.org)
Hormones secreted by different endocrine glands vary widely in chemical structure. (50webs.org)

We further show that central AdipoR signaling inhibits peripheral Juvenile Hormone (JH) response, promoting insulin signaling. (cnrs.fr)
The brain plays a key role in energy homeostasis, detecting nutrients, metabolites and circulating hormones from peripheral organs and integrating this information to control food intake and energy expenditure. (cnrs.fr)

The cell membrane serves a variety of functions. (databasefootball.com)
These membranes help protect the organelle from the other chemical functions going on in the cell, separating their components from the rest of the cell. (databasefootball.com)

Anatomy35

Organisms16

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs124

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes46

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science4

Health Care1

Proteins22

Lipids5

Receptors10

Plasma membrane15

Golgi7

Vacuoles2

Glycolipids3

Endoplasmic reticulum10

Phospholipids4

Biologically3

Secretion3

Cytoskeleton2

Mitochondria2

Nucleus3

Intracellular3

Addition of carbohydrate1

Polysaccharides1

Enzymes3

Metabolism4

Synthesis3

Receptor2

Cellular4

Organelles8

Tyrosine1

Cells10

Amino2

Binds1

Neurotransmitter1

Biological3

Glucose1

Secretory1

Inner membrane4

Small molecules2

Double membrane1

Endocytosis3

Vesicles2

Glycosylation1

Outer4

DISACCHARIDES1

Enzyme1

Interactions2

Thyroid4

Phospholipid1

Molecular1

Chains1

Glycosyl1

Mediators1

Proteoglycan1

Structural1

Endocrine3

Peripheral2

Functions2