• ABSTRACT: To address the Air Force need for a nondestructive evaluation technique applicable to energetic composites with low density gradients, Luminit, LLC, and Southern Illinois University Intelligent Measurement and Evaluation Laboratory propose to develop a new Compression Imaging Phase Array Ultrasound Interrogator (CIPHOR) system based on phased array higher frequency ultrasonic imaging. (sbir.gov)
  • Aim: In many cases, the dynamics of psychotherapeutic change processes is characterized by sudden and critical transitions. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Phase transitions were simulated by shifting control parameters in the Hénon map dynamics, in a simulation model of psychotherapy processes (one by an external shift of the control parameter and one created by a simulated control parameter shift), and three sets of empirical time series generated by daily self-ratings of patients during the treatment. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • In the three simulated dynamics with known phase transitions, these could be identified, and in the empirical cases, the methods converged indicating one and the same transition (possibly the phase transitions of the cases). (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Phase transitions between ordered and disordered states of interactive agents have been recognized as integral to dynamics in a range of economic and social processes. (authorea.com)
  • Several theorists in the study of financial markets have directly linked phase transitions between disordered and ordered states of agents to a critical point in the dynamics of market price. (authorea.com)
  • To date, phase transitions in the dynamics of price in financial markets have been demonstrated with numerical methods. (authorea.com)
  • Here we want to improve our understanding of the dynamics of phase transitions in models with additional scalar fields as well as study the phenomenological implications of specific scenarios for physics beyond the standard model by combining the searches at collider experiments and future gravitational-wave detectors. (lu.se)
  • Lipid dynamics and phase transition within α-synuclein amyloid fibrils. (lu.se)
  • For details on LVol-IB, see Topas (v3) Users Manual, sections 3.4.1 and 3.4.2)] If, however, the peak broadening is clearly anisotropic, applying the isotropic model gives inferior fit results. (mail-archive.com)
  • Thus, I wanted an anisotropic fit model that BOTH (a) yields a satisfactory fit AND (b) still delivers parameters with a similar meaning as the isotropic LVol-IB. (mail-archive.com)
  • A nonlocal anisotropic model for phase transitions. (mpg.de)
  • Multidimensional correlation of nuclear relaxation rates and diffusion tensors for model-free investigations of heterogeneous anisotropic porous materials. (lu.se)
  • Recently, a spontaneous marginal phase transition (MPT) was discovered in a one-dimensional Ising model containing strong geometrical frustration [3]. (arxiv.org)
  • These discoveries reveal the possibility of building the MPT-based one-dimensional Ising Machine that can be used to simulate the complex phenomena of phase competition in strongly correlated systems and provide insights with its unambiguous exact solutions. (arxiv.org)
  • Interestingly, contrary to the equilibrium case, in the presence of small electric field, the calculated exponent ν is close to that in pure 2D Ising model, which provides numerical evidence that external electric field may change the universality class of the f = 1/2 CG system. (epj.org)
  • We extend conditions of Onsager (1944) for phase transitions in a 2D Ising model and analytically demonstrate that the proposed model evidences phase transitions. (authorea.com)
  • The model can be mapped to a generalized Ising model, where the combination of node heterogeneity and inter-layer coupling leads to the possibility of local phase transitions. (imtlucca.it)
  • Within the effective-field theory with correlations (EFT), a transverse random field spin-1 Ising model on the simple cubic (z=6) lattice is studied. (ijnnonline.net)
  • Magnetic Properties and Phase Transitions in a Spin-1 Random Transverse Ising Model on Simple Cubic Lattice', International Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , 7(4), pp. 161-166. (ijnnonline.net)
  • The electroweak phase transition marks the moment when the Higgs mechanism first activated, ending the electroweak epoch. (wikipedia.org)
  • Of special interest is the electroweak phase transition in which the Higgs field got its vacuum expectation value and all elementary particles got there mass. (lu.se)
  • In theoretical terms, these transitions may be "phase transitions" of self-organizing nonlinear systems. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Driven nonlinear resonators provide a fertile ground for phenomena related to phase transitions far from equilibrium, which can open opportunities unattainable in their linear counterparts. (nature.com)
  • We show that the divergent susceptibility of the critical point is accompanied by spontaneous symmetry breaking and distinct phase noise properties in the two regimes, indicating the importance of a beyond nonlinear bifurcation interpretation. (nature.com)
  • For instance, in phase transition-based detectors and transition-edge sensors 27 , the reset time (return time to the critical bias point) can be significantly reduced using an ultrafast nonlinear process compared to thermodynamic transitions. (nature.com)
  • This study presents a nonlinear viscoelastic material model incorporating a progressive damage framework with an iterative algorithm for glacial/freshwater polycrystalline ice subject to compressive impact load induced by ice-structure interaction. (ntnu.no)
  • Realizing phase transitions based on the optical parametric processes can provide unique opportunities for sensing. (nature.com)
  • In particular we show that the free energy of the matrix model is the quasiclassical tau-function of the associated hierarchy, and that critical processes in which the number of cuts changes in one unit are third-order phase transitions described by C(1) matched solutions of Whitham hierarchies. (ucm.es)
  • In a large number of technical processes involving droplets and particles, transition processes take place between solid, liquid and gaseous. (uni-bremen.de)
  • Typical examples of such disperse phase transition processes are atomization processes with the aim of particle generation through solidification of the droplets or the local welding of particles in additive manufacturing to form parts. (uni-bremen.de)
  • Gaining a fundamental understanding of these processes and transferring this knowledge to application is done on the basis of isolated sub-processes - so-called generic model experiments - and on the basis of process modeling. (uni-bremen.de)
  • Rapid solidification occurs during the aforementioned processes, for which simple equilibrium models are often no longer applicable. (uni-bremen.de)
  • The modeling of these processes on the basis of heat, momentum and mass transfer with the integration of different scale solidification models (also based on the phase field method) allows the identification of process paths for the setting of specific properties. (uni-bremen.de)
  • The range of existing processes from casting to droplet processes to additive manufacturing offer a variety of opportunities for strategy development on a model scale with the possibility of subsequent scale-up. (uni-bremen.de)
  • Ion-induced volume phase transitions in polyelectrolyte gels play an important role in physiological processes such as mucus storage and secretion in the gut, nerve tissue excitation, and DNA packaging. (fit.edu)
  • The annexes provide detailed information and web links on ongoing country-level processes that have an impact on polio transition. (who.int)
  • We formulate and solve the renormalization group flow equation for the scale-dependent thermodynamic potential in the presence of the gluonic background field at finite temperature and density [1] and determine the phase diagram of the PQM model in the FRG approach [2]. (cern.ch)
  • The model leads to an extended thermodynamic relation at a curved surface that includes its Gaussian curvature, non-classical stresses at the boundary and flows arising from density gradients. (umn.edu)
  • Prior modeling of the phase transition was based on ad-hoc thermodynamic profiles. (nist.gov)
  • Through accurate ab initio calculations, included van der Waals interactions, we were able to map the thermodynamic profile and demonstrate a very small free energy transition barrier between the phases. (nist.gov)
  • In certain cases this phase transition may have been so violent as to give rise to gravitational waves which could be detected also today as a cosmological remnant. (lu.se)
  • This phase exhibits universal features already predicted in quantum field theory. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • In this contribution, the critical behavior of excited state quantum phase transitions (ESQPT's) and its relation to order and chaos in the Dicke model are studied. (uhu.es)
  • However, in the Dicke model the signatures of criticality in excited states are blurred by the onset of quantum chaos. (uhu.es)
  • It is concluded that the emergence of quantum chaos is caused by the precursors of the excited state quantum phase transition. (uhu.es)
  • There are a number of physical systems with phases described by topologically protected invariants (fractional quantum Hall, topological insulators) but what are the simplest mathematical models that exhibit topological phases? (physicsoverflow.org)
  • We construct Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) chains subjected to continuous monitoring and explore possible entanglement phase transitions therein. (aps.org)
  • This subclass of models includes the scale invariant Poisson Boolean model and the Brownian loop soup. (chalmers.se)
  • The different possible phase transition types are summarised by the strong force phase diagram. (wikipedia.org)
  • I'm looking for simple models where one can make a phase diagram, and as a function of the available couplings there is a change in some topological property of the system. (physicsoverflow.org)
  • Just as for the strong force, lattice studies of the electroweak model have found the transition to be a smooth crossover, taking place at 159.5±1.5 GeV. (wikipedia.org)
  • Particle physics models which account for dark matter or which lead to successful baryogenesis may predict a strongly first-order electroweak phase transition. (wikipedia.org)
  • Just as for the strong force, the conclusion that the transition is a crossover assumes the minimal scenario, and is modified by the presence of additional fields or particles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cosmological phase transitions may also have taken place in a dark or hidden sector, amongst particles and fields that are only very weakly coupled to visible matter. (wikipedia.org)
  • I guess the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition would be one simple example where the quasi-particles are vortices - i.e. topological defects. (physicsoverflow.org)
  • We analytically derive the effective action in the large-N limit and show that an entanglement transition is caused by the symmetry breaking in the enlarged replica space. (aps.org)
  • A transformation between the phases can be achived via pressure, gas adsorption, etc. (nist.gov)
  • We study simultaneous adsorption and force induced melting transitions and explore different phases of DNA. (lu.se)
  • study by neutron scattering changing magnetic excitations with an applied field (in the phase of Neel and the incommensurate phase) and the effect of applying a uniaxial pressure (in the direction of channels) on the order and magnetic excitations. (mem-lab.fr)
  • My main interest is the study of systems where these correlations are very strong or close to phase transitions, with particular attention to the collective, many-particle excitations of the system: compressibility, magnetic susceptibility, dielectric function, charge-density waves, etc. (lu.se)
  • A cosmological phase transition is a physical process, whereby the overall state of matter changes together across the whole universe. (wikipedia.org)
  • The success of the Big Bang model led researchers to conjecture possible cosmological phase transitions taking place in the very early universe, at a time when it was much hotter and denser than today. (wikipedia.org)
  • Any cosmological phase transition may have left signals which are observable today, even if it took place in the first moments after the Big Bang, when the universe was opaque to light. (wikipedia.org)
  • Shown below are two snapshots from simulations of the evolution of a first-order cosmological phase transition. (wikipedia.org)
  • If the three forces of the Standard Model are unified in a Grand Unified Theory, then there would have been a cosmological phase transition at even higher temperatures, corresponding to the moment when the forces first separated out. (wikipedia.org)
  • S. B. Shlosman "Phase transitions for two-dimensional models with isotropic short-range interactions and continuous symmetries," Communications in Mathematical Physics, Comm. (projecteuclid.org)
  • The Standard Model of particle physics contains three fundamental forces, the electromagnetic force, the weak force and the strong force. (wikipedia.org)
  • Physics portal Timeline of the early universe Chronology of the universe Phase transition Physics beyond the Standard Model Guth, Alan H. (wikipedia.org)
  • But on further research it seems that is the physics of the XY phase which you've already mentioned. (physicsoverflow.org)
  • Possible hadron-quark phase transition in the interior of the compact stars is one of actual question nuclear physics. (jinr.ru)
  • Model building refers to efforts to construct and explore theoretically and phenomenologically consistent scenarios for physics beyond the standard model capable of addressing some of the basic deficiencies of the standard model. (lu.se)
  • Searches for physics beyond the standard model is one of the main activities at particle physics experiments such as ATLAS and CMS at LHC. (lu.se)
  • We study the prospects of finding signals for physics beyond the standard model as well as how experimental results constrain such models. (lu.se)
  • Models for physics beyond the standard model can also have implications for the early evolution of the universe. (lu.se)
  • So far, no consensus about the order of the deconfinement transition in this theory has been reached and this hinders progress in understanding the nature of the black hole/black string topology change from the gauge/gravity duality perspective. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • On the one hand, previous works considered the deconfinement transition consistent with two transitions which are of second and third order. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • We discuss their role as probes of deconfinement and the chiral phase transition in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. (cern.ch)
  • The proposed model implemented with the coupled FEM-SPH method enables simulation of the cyclic transition from solid-like intact ice to the fluid-like pulverised/granular substance, progressively extruded with viscous rheology. (ntnu.no)
  • Through modeling and simulation, we solved the structures of these systems (two of which are shown above), and showed that complex oxide thin films form structures unlike those seen before. (nist.gov)
  • In the symmetry broken phase at low measurement rate, the emergent replica criticality associated with the Goldstone mode leads to a log-scaling entanglement entropy that can be attributed to the free energy of vortices. (aps.org)
  • One drawback to progress has been the absence of a model system that affords the precise analysis of behavioral patterns and pattern change both in terms of experimental data and theoretical tools. (scholarpedia.org)
  • 1984). HKB is the theoretical model that explicitly accounted for Kelso's observations and in turn predicted additional aspects. (scholarpedia.org)
  • However, it is still an open question if different methods for timeseries analysis reveal convergent results indicating the moments of critical transitions and related precursors. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • In the noninteracting case with SYK2 chains, the model features a continuous O(2) symmetry between two replicas and a transition corresponding to spontaneous breaking of that symmetry upon varying the measurement rate. (aps.org)
  • We consider the Polyakov loop-extended two flavors chiral quark--meson model (PQM) and discuss critical phenomena related with the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry. (cern.ch)
  • In models for hadron collisions based on string hadronization, the strings are usually treated as independent, allowing no interaction between the confined colour fields. (lu.se)
  • Overlapping strings can also be expected in pp collisions, where usually no phase transition is expected. (lu.se)
  • We discuss the possibility of realizing such phase diagrams in experimental systems. (consensus.app)
  • The Seventieth World Health Assembly in May 2017 adopted decision WHA70(9) on poliomyelitis: polio transition planning, in which the Director-General was requested, inter alia, to develop a strategic action plan on polio transition by the end of 2017, to be submitted for consideration by the Seventy-first World Health Assembly, through the Executive Board at its 142nd session. (who.int)
  • Each ionic species in the solvent phase is subject to a Nernst-Planck type equation. (fit.edu)
  • We have suggested a simple model of such a mixed phase equation of state parametrized by impact of structure of phase mixing in pressure ΔP. (jinr.ru)
  • Through a structural equation model analysis , amendment of nanoparticles ' agglomeration (standardized path coefficient (std. (bvsalud.org)
  • For example the toric code that you mention, is a very different kind of topological phase than topological insulators. (physicsoverflow.org)
  • Prediction of Weyl semimetal and antiferromagnetic topological insulator phases in Bi2MnSe4," npj Comp. (nist.gov)
  • Studies of this transition based on lattice QCD have demonstrated that it would have taken place at a temperature of approximately 155 MeV, and would have been a smooth crossover transition. (wikipedia.org)
  • We also consider properties of the net-quark number density fluctuations as well as their higher cumulants [3] and discuss the influence of nonperturbative effects on their properties near the chiral crossover transition. (cern.ch)
  • With increasing net-quark number density, the higher order cumulants show a strong dependence on the chiral crossover transition. (cern.ch)
  • Written by international experts from industry, research centers, and academia, Mathematical Modeling of Food Processing discusses the physical and mathematical analysis of transport phenomena associated with food processing. (taylorfrancis.com)
  • The results show the validity and stability of different measures indicating pattern transitions and/or early warning signals of those transitions. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • A coupled phase-field and hydrodynamic model is introduced to describe a two-phase, weakly compressible smectic (layered phase) in contact with an isotropic fluid of different density. (umn.edu)
  • The model aims to describe morphological transitions in smectic thin films under heat treatment, in which arrays of focal conic defects evolve into conical pyramids and concentric rings through curvature dependent evaporation of smectic layers. (umn.edu)
  • We introduce for the chain a free-energy function defined by the set ( F HS , F LS , F barr ) and we show that F atph tends towards the previous set when N → ∞. The previous set allows to describe a first order phase transition between a (LS) phase and a (HS) one. (epj.org)
  • A valuable tool for assessing critical fluctuations and the thermodynamics at non-vanishing baryon density is provided by effective chiral models. (cern.ch)
  • A non-conserved smectic order parameter is coupled to a conserved mass density in order to accommodate non-solenoidal flows near the smectic-isotropic boundary arising from density contrast between the two phases. (umn.edu)
  • The non-equilibrium phase transitions of the fully frustrated (f = 1/2) square lattice Coulomb gas (CG) model driven by external electrical fields are studied in the framework of the short-time dynamic scaling approach. (epj.org)
  • Endogenous instabilities in the macroeconomic system occur in a dynamic general equilibrium model with rational expectations, with endogenous booms and busts in asset prices. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The self avoiding walk (SAW) model of the polymer has been extended to study the equilibrium properties of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) where two strands of the dsDNA are modeled by two mutually attracting self-avoiding walks (MASAWs) in the presence of an attractive surface. (lu.se)
  • This conclusion assumes the simplest scenario at the time of the transition, and first- or second-order transitions are possible in the presence of a quark, baryon or neutrino chemical potential, or strong magnetic fields. (wikipedia.org)
  • Also a crude model for strings recombining into junction structures is considered, again giving rise to increased baryon production. (lu.se)
  • As a result of interactions between land prices and capital accumulation, the macroeconomy changes endogenously between stable and unstable states- "endogenous phase transitions" occur. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The chemical forces acting on the gel are responsible for the unique volume phase transitions that occur within the gel. (fit.edu)
  • Here, we show that optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) can undergo second-order phase transitions in the spectral domain between degenerate and non-degenerate regimes. (nature.com)
  • We also predict the occurrence of first-order spectral phase transitions in coupled OPOs. (nature.com)
  • In the interacting case, the continuous O(2) symmetry is explicitly lowered to a discrete C4 symmetry, giving rise to volume-law entanglement entropy in the symmetry-broken phase due to the enhanced linear free energy cost of domain walls compared to vortices. (aps.org)
  • This has profound implications for real-time monitoring in psychotherapy, especially in cases where a transition is not obvious to the eye. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Based on the calculated specta and the structural analysis, more profound understanding of the silica high-temperature phase is given. (sissa.it)
  • The behavior of the system around the critical point is characterized by the order parameter (OP). Second-order phase transition displays continuity in the OP while exhibiting a discontinuity in the derivative of the OP. On the other hand, first-order transition is known to possess a discontinuous OP around the transition point. (nature.com)
  • Indeed, HKB is probably the most extensively tested quantitative model in the field of human movement behavior (Fuchs & Jirsa, 2008). (scholarpedia.org)
  • This paper proposes a model for the qualitative adaptation of psychometric instruments in developing-country settings and presents a case study of the adaptation of 3 internationally recognized instruments in Pakistan: the Child Behavior Checklist, the Youth Self-Report and the Teacher's Report Form. (who.int)
  • Le présent article propose un modèle pour l'adaptation qualitative d'instruments psychométriques au contexte des pays en développement et présente une étude de cas sur l'adaptation au Pakistan de trois instruments internationalement reconnus : la liste de contrôle du comportement des enfants (Child Behavior Checklist), l'auto-évaluation des jeunes (Youth Self-Report) et le rapport d'évaluation de l'enseignant (Teacher's Report Form). (who.int)
  • Energy transitions involve changes in economies, technologies and governance of energy systems. (lu.se)
  • We perform high-statistics lattice Monte Carlo simulations at large N and small lattice spacing to establish that the transition is really of first order. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Will the drug transition to the next phase of its clinical pathway? (globaldata.com)
  • In January 2022, a session was held to begin developing the next phase of Objectives and Key Results, or OKRs, for data modernization at CDC . (cdc.gov)
  • Teams then began working collaboratively to review objectives, update key results, and start activities for the next phase of DMI. (cdc.gov)
  • As DMI embarks on this next phase, teams are transitioning from planning to actively learning, piloting, and testing so that we can modernize effectively together. (cdc.gov)
  • The models are implemented in the DIPSY MC event generator, using PYTHIA 8 for hadronization, and comparison to pp minimum bias data, reveals improvement in the description of identified particle spectra. (lu.se)
  • As the universe cooled after the hot Big Bang, such a phase transition would have released huge amounts of energy, both as heat and as the kinetic energy of growing bubbles. (wikipedia.org)
  • An illustrative example of the role of correlations is the metal-insulator transition: sufficiently strong electronic repulsion can create a traffic jam of electrons, immobilizing them completely, making the electrical conductivity zero. (lu.se)
  • The CART-based model that is given in this paper can be used to predict methane emission rates and to adjust operation parameters under ventilation constrains in longwall mining. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, by exploring the symmetry of the new mathematical structure underlying the MPT, I report the finding and classification of an infinite number of MPT cases---with highly tunable intriguing behaviors like phase reentrance, the dome shape of transition temperature, pairing, and gauge freedom. (arxiv.org)
  • On the other hand, evidence for a first order transition was put forward more recently. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Phase transitions can be categorised by their order. (wikipedia.org)
  • Transitions which are first order proceed via bubble nucleation and release latent heat as the bubbles expand. (wikipedia.org)
  • In a strongly first-order phase transition, the bubble walls may even grow at near the speed of light. (wikipedia.org)
  • The adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) technique is necessary for simulating complicated fluid models in order to gain speed enhancements and improved accuracy for features that require high resolution. (fit.edu)
  • In that case one considers that the (SC) takes place through a first-order phase transition due to intermolecular interactions. (epj.org)
  • The spin-1 Bose-Hubbard model allows for various superfluid phases, Mott insulators, and normal Bose liquids, with several transitions being of first order at finite temperatures. (consensus.app)
  • We find, in contrast to the spinless case, that several of the superfluid-Mott insulator transitions are of first order at finite temperatures. (consensus.app)
  • Our systematic study yields rich phase diagrams that include first-order and second-order transitions and a variety of tricritical points. (consensus.app)
  • We study the bosonic matrix model obtained as the high-temperature limit of two-dimensional maximally supersymmetric SU(N) Yang-Mills theory. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • In Chapter 3, I show how the performance of the potential and how it can be used to calculate infrared and Raman spectra, focusing on the the calcuation of the spectra for high-temperature phase. (sissa.it)
  • The model includes electro-diffusive transport of ionic species, the coupled motion of the polymer network and hydrating fluid, and chemical interactions between the network and dissolved ions. (fit.edu)
  • Intermolecular interactions play a role in the distribution and transport of charged contrast agents in a cartilage model. (lu.se)
  • We present a method for studying phase transitions in the large N limit of matrix models using matched solutions of Whitham hierarchies. (ucm.es)
  • Phase transition marks a universal qualitative regime change in system properties as the control parameter is varied around a critical/transition point 26 . (nature.com)
  • We determine the exact value of the critical point of this phase transition for all models satisfying some weak assumptions. (chalmers.se)
  • In addition, we show that for a large subclass, the fractal model is in the empty phase at the critical point. (chalmers.se)
  • In the symmetric phase at higher measurement rate, the entanglement entropy obeys area-law scaling. (aps.org)
  • This model encompassed a systematic procedure with 6 distinct phases to minimize bias and ensure equivalence with the original instruments: selection, deliberation, alteration, feasibility, testing and formal approval. (who.int)