Mitosis chromosomes. Medical search. Frequent questions

Do chromosomes line up as pairs in mitosis or meiosis? (stackexchange.com)
In my opinion, we can definitely eliminate D and E since in both mitosis and meiosis, chromosomes line up during the metaphase. (stackexchange.com)
Meiosis simply needs to ensure the pairs end up in opposite daughter cells in meiosis I. It is in mitosis that the homologous pairs line up as pairs , and interphase, of course, is not a phase where the chromosomes even appear. (stackexchange.com)
In metaphase I of meiosis I, the pairs of homologous chromosomes, also known as bivalents or tetrads, line up in a random order along the metaphase plate. (stackexchange.com)
What does entering of sex chromosomes to gametes mean during meiosis I? (stackexchange.com)
Homologs have the same genes in the same loci where they provide points along each chromosome which enable a pair of chromosomes to align correctly with each other before separating during meiosis. (wikipedia.org)
This mixing of maternal and paternal traits is enhanced by crossing over during meiosis, wherein lengths of chromosomal arms and the DNA they contain within a homologous chromosome pair are exchanged with one another. (wikipedia.org)
Later on during the 1930s Harriet Creighton and Barbara McClintock were studying meiosis in corn cells and examining gene loci on corn chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Homologous chromosomes are important in the processes of meiosis and mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
Mitosis & meiosis. (mindmeister.com)
n. the separation of pairs of homologous chromosomes during meiosis or of the chromatids of a chromosome during anaphase of mitosis or meiosis. (oxfordreference.com)
The separation of homologous chromosomes at the anaphase stage of mitosis and meiosis , and movement towards the poles of the nuclear spindle. (oxfordreference.com)
For growth this is done by mitosis and for reproduction by meiosis. (bordercollies.nl)
During meiosis the chromosomes of each pair move to the centre of the cell. (bordercollies.nl)
Pairing of homologous chromosomes - Meiosis I differs from mitosis because in meiosis I a pair of matching chromosomes, one from each parent, lines up at the equator. (ubc.ca)
Maternal chromosomes were found to be extruded as two polar bodies at the first meiosis, and the second meiosis could not be observed. (bioone.org)
Chromosome segregation errors during meiosis are the leading cause of birth defects and developmental delays in humans ( H assold and H unt 2001 ). (biorxiv.org)
In this cell division called meiosis, the two complete sets of chromosomes (maternal and paternal ones) in each body cell are reduced to a single one. (scienceblog.com)
Chromosome damage in meiosis can have lasting consequences. (scienceblog.com)
Well-known examples are Down Syndrome patients, for whom the proper division of two chromosomes did not occur during the meiosis of one parent. (scienceblog.com)
CELL DIVISION by mitosis, meiosis and binary fission - How do eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells multiply? (docbrown.info)
Diploid organisms have two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, and most commonly reproduce via meiosis. (phys.org)
A) In haplontic life cycles mitosis is limited to the haploid phase, with plasmogamy of gametes followed by meiosis. (phys.org)
DS originates from the inadequate separation of chromosome 21, which may occur in the gamete formation phase (egg or sperm) or immediately after fertilization in meiosis or in mitosis, respectively. (bvsalud.org)

Then, I would choose the answer choice B because as far as I know, after prophase I -- when the chromosomes are in pairs during crossing-over -- the chromosomes are still in pairs and become separated into the different ends of the cell during anaphase. (stackexchange.com)
[5] In animal cells, chromosomes reach their highest compaction level in anaphase during chromosome segregation . (wikipedia.org)
This labile-to-stable changeover is normally vital in fulfilling the spindle-assembly gate (SAC) and enabling effective drive transduction by depolymerizing MTs to power chromosome segregation during anaphase. (bio2009.org)
2012). Before anaphase, of their association with MTs and centrosomes separately, CLASPs localize to KTs also, where they promote turnover and flux of attached MTs needed to ensure mitotic spindle bipolarity/size, as well as proper chromosome position and segregation (Maiato et al. (bio2009.org)
Conversely, we identify a novel role for two microtubule-growth and nucleation agents, Ran and CLASP, in the establishment of the centrosome-independent force during anaphase.Their involvement raises the interesting possibility that microtubule polymerization of midzone microtubules is continuously required to sustain chromosome segregation during mitosis. (ens-lyon.fr)
the separation of chromosomes at anaphase during nuclear. (oxfordreference.com)
the moving apart of chromosomes during anaphase of mitotic or meiotic. (oxfordreference.com)
disjunction The separation of the two members of each pair of homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiotic anaphase. (oxfordreference.com)
Prior to the first meiotic division, homologous chromosomes pair, synapse, and recombine to ensure their proper disjunction at anaphase I. Additionally, telomeres tethered at the nuclear envelope cluster in the bouquet configuration where they are subjected to dramatic pulling forces acting from outside of the nucleus. (biorxiv.org)

As each chromosome contains a single centromere, it remains unclear how acentric fragments derived from shattered chromosomes are inherited between daughter cells during mitosis 6 . (nature.com)
The stochastic inheritance of chromosome fragments by both newly formed daughter cells could in part contribute to the alternating DNA copy-number states that are characteristic of chromothripsis 2 . (nature.com)
After mitosis occurs within the daughter cells, they have the correct number of genes which are a mix of the two parents' genes. (wikipedia.org)
Some use the term chromosome in a wider sense, to refer to the individualized portions of chromatin in cells, either visible or not under light microscopy. (wikipedia.org)
Mitosis is an important stage in the cell cycle when the duplicated chromosomes are segregated to the daughter cells. (virginia.edu)
Proteins called microtubules assemble into a spindle between the two centrosomes and help separate the replicated chromosomes into the daughter cells. (genome.gov)
Chromosome order in HeLa cells changes during mitosis and early G1, but is stably maintained during subsequent interphase stages. (ox.ac.uk)
Significantly, simply a few-fold boost in KTCMT balance during early mitosis in regular untransformed individual cells is normally enough to induce chromosome segregation flaws to amounts equivalent to those in cancers cells with chromosomal lack of stability (CIN), whereas enjoyment of KTCMT turnover is normally capable to restore balance to usually chromosomally shaky growth cells (Bakhoum et al. (bio2009.org)
Chromosomes got their name by early cell biologists when they observed certain dark-staining objects in dividing cells. (carnivorousplants.org)
In human dividing cells 46 chromosomes can be observed. (carnivorousplants.org)
The increased multipolar mitotic spindles were associated with an increased number of cells in the G2 phase of mitosis, indicating a mitotic checkpoint response. (cdc.gov)
Our results strongly suggest that an outward forcegenerated by the spindle midzone, independently of centrosomes, is sufficient tosegregate chromosomes in mitotic cells. (ens-lyon.fr)
In plants, polytene chromosomes have been observed in only a few species, and seemed to be restricted to ovary and immature seed tissues, e.g., in Phaseolus coccineus and P. vulgaris (Nagl, 1981), until relatively recently, when they were observed in the cells of the anther tapetum of Vigna unguiculata (Guerra and Carvalheira, 1994) and of some Phaseolus species (Carvalheira and Guerra, 1994). (scielo.br)
The endomitotic cycle (endomitosis) starts with a normal prophase (endoprophase), after which the chromosome contracts further (endometaphase), their sister chromatids separate from each other (endoanaphase) and decondense to assume the interphase nuclear structure, resulting in polyploid cells, with double the chromosome number (endopolyploidy) at the end of each cycle. (scielo.br)
Normally, dividing cells form a single metaphase plate of paired chromosomes which are pulled apart by opposing microtubule spindle. (cellimagelibrary.org)
HeLa cells were accumulated in monopolar mitosis using a 12 hr treatment of the kinesin-5 inhibitor S-trityl-l-cysteine and forced into cytokinesis by adding the potent Cdk1 inhibitor purvalanol A for. (cellimagelibrary.org)
mitosis → produces genetically identical daughter cells. (mindmeister.com)
Disjunction mutants arise when chromosomes are partitioned unequally between daughter cells as a result of. (oxfordreference.com)
Each of the cells now only contains half of the number of chromosomes. (bordercollies.nl)
Of the 78 chromosomes of the dog these cells only contain 39 of them. (bordercollies.nl)
During the division of somatic cells (mitosis) newly duplicated chromosomes (sister chromatids) separate and segregate to opposite daughter cells. (scienceblog.com)
In initial experiments, Ms. Penkner observed defects in meiotic chromosome structure, DNA breaks and premature separation of sister chromatides in cells lacking Mnd2. (scienceblog.com)
The fusion of two germ cells, one of which carried two copies of chromosomes 21, gave rise to body cells carrying three chromosomes 21. (scienceblog.com)
The main part deals with examples of modern FISH-applications, highlighting unique possibilities of the approach, like the possibility to study individual cells and even individual chromosomes. (frontiersin.org)
Cells that are eukaryote in nature divide through the process of mitosis. (differencebetween.net)
In other words, mitosis divides the cell into two daughter nuclei while binary fission divides the cell to form two duplicate cells. (differencebetween.net)
Mitosis commonly occurs in somatic cells of multicellular organisms. (differencebetween.net)
For mitosis, cells undergo a series of stages in order for them to divide into daughter nuclei. (differencebetween.net)
B) In diplontic life cycles, mitosis only occurs in the diploid phase with haploid cells only functioning as gametes. (phys.org)
In Cell Division I: The Cell Cycle , we learned that Flemming observed how chromosomes became visible in patterns that repeated each time the cells of fire salamanders divided. (visionlearning.com)
This provides time for cells to correct chromosome attachment errors and ensure high-fidelity chromosome segregation. (bvsalud.org)
Karyotype: The full set of chromosomes in a person's cells. (msdmanuals.com)
A karyotype analysis involves blocking cells in mitosis during metaphase and staining the condensed chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
Chromosomes from single cells are photographed, and their images are arranged, forming a karyotype. (msdmanuals.com)
Furthermore, in cultured Fanconi anemia cells, cell cycle arrest in gap 2/mitosis (G2/M) occurs at lower concentrations of clastogens than in normal cells. (medscape.com)
Before cells divide, they must copy all of their chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)

Since homologous chromosomes are not identical and do not originate from the same organism, they are different from sister chromatids. (wikipedia.org)
5.Binary fission does not involve the mitotic apparatus and sister chromatids unlike in mitosis. (differencebetween.net)
The copied DNA from each chromosome is arranged into two identical structures, called sister chromatids, which are attached to one another during the early stages of cell division. (medlineplus.gov)

E) prophase of mitosis. (stackexchange.com)
This zone was stably preserved until the onset of prophase, whereas the contiguity of unbleached chromosome segments was lost to a variable extent, when the metaphase plate was formed. (ox.ac.uk)
The events of meiotic prophase follow a specialized round of DNA replication when the meiotic chromosome axis is formed. (biorxiv.org)
A . Schematic of the bouquet configuration of chromosomes during meiotic prophase I. The spatial arrangement of chromosomes with telomeres clustered and attached at the inner nuclear membrane is shown. (biorxiv.org)
High-resolution chromosome analysis uses special culture methods to obtain a high percentage of prophase and prometaphase spreads. (msdmanuals.com)

2009). During mitosis, CLASPs stay linked with centrosomes, where they regulate mitotic spindle setting and post reliability (Samora et al. (bio2009.org)
We have now demonstrated fragmented centrosomes, disrupted mitotic spindles and aneuploid chromosome number at those doses. (cdc.gov)
Chromatids segregate without centrosomes during Caenorhabditis elegans mitosis in a Ran- and CLASP-dependent manner. (ens-lyon.fr)
Home / Teams / Evolutionary Cell Biology in Nematodes - M. Delattre / Publications / Chromatids segregate without centrosomes during Caenorhabditis elegans mitosis in a Ran- and CLASP-dependent manner. (ens-lyon.fr)
Using laser destruction of the centrosomes during Caenorhabditis elegans mitosis, we show that neither of these mechanisms is necessary to achieve proper chromatid segregation. (ens-lyon.fr)

During the reproduction process these half sets of chromosomes of the male and the female animal are combined, resulting in a full set of chromosomes. (bordercollies.nl)

So, during metaphase I, homologue pairs-not individual chromosomes-line up at the metaphase plate for separation. (stackexchange.com)
During mitosis, however, the chromatin condenses making individual chromosomes visible under an ordinary light microscope. (visionlearning.com)

Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes which contain the same genes in the same order along their chromosomal arms. (wikipedia.org)
There are two main properties of homologous chromosomes: 1) the length of chromosomal arms and 2) the placement of the centromere. (wikipedia.org)
Both of these properties (i.e., the length of chromosomal arms, and the placement of the chromosomal centromere) are the main factors for creating structural homology between chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
If you already know about chromosomal evolution or do not care, jump directly to information on Drosera chromosome numbers. (carnivorousplants.org)
High hyperdiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia (HeH ALL), one of the most common childhood malignancies, is driven by nonrandom aneuploidy (abnormal chromosome numbers) mainly comprising chromosomal gains. (lu.se)
Aneuploidy: The most common chromosomal abnormality caused by an extra or missing chromosome. (msdmanuals.com)

The maintenance of a single centromere per chromosome is critical for establishing bipolar microtubule attachments to the mitotic spindle and achieving high-fidelity genome segregation 17 . (nature.com)
However, most fragments derived from pulverized chromosomes are acentric and cannot directly bind to spindle microtubules 14 . (nature.com)
Aurora-B, which is a member of the Chromosome Passenger Complex (CPC), is a key mitotic kinase and plays an important role in ensuring high fidelity mitosis by phosphorylating numerous substrates in the mitotic spindle. (virginia.edu)
As chromosomes bi-orient essential contraindications to spindle poles and begin suffering from stress triggered by rival spindle-pulling energies, MT life time at KTs boosts (Zhai et al. (bio2009.org)
During mitosis, chromosomes are connected to a microtubule-based spindle. (ens-lyon.fr)
1. Homologous chromosomes separate and are pulled to opposite poles by the spindle fibres. (ubc.ca)
1. Spindle fibres begin to disappear, and a nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes. (ubc.ca)

In diploid (2n) organisms, the genome is composed of one set of each homologous chromosome pair, as compared to tetraploid organisms which may have two sets of each homologous chromosome pair. (wikipedia.org)
One set of 23 chromosomes (n) is from the mother (22 autosomes, 1 sex chromosome (X only)) and one set of 23 chromosomes (n) is from the father (22 autosomes, 1 sex chromosome (X or Y)). Ultimately, this means that humans are diploid (2n) organisms. (wikipedia.org)
D) The dikaryotic life cycle is an alternative to alternation of haploid and diploid generations which lacks diploid mitosis and instead has a phase with two nuclear genotypes undergoing synchronous division. (phys.org)
This shows that the aneuploidy in HeH ALL likely arises by an initial tripolar mitosis in a diploid cell followed by clonal evolution, in line with a punctuated evolution model. (lu.se)

In this last stage of mitosis, the chromosomes have already been duplicated and distributed to each daughter cell. (lu.se)

In the endoreduplication cycle, the chromatid number is duplicated, but they do not segregate, and after various endoreduplication cycles, larger and thicker chromosomes are produced, called polytenics. (scielo.br)
Surprisingly, the nup2Δ ndj1Δ double mutant failed to segregate chromosomes, even though the meiotic program continued. (biorxiv.org)

To analyze possible changes of chromosome arrangements from one cell cycle to the next, nuclei were photobleached in G2 maintaining a contiguous zone of unbleached chromatin at one nuclear pole. (ox.ac.uk)
The term mitosis refers specifically to the process whereby the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell splits into two identical daughter nuclei prior to cell division. (visionlearning.com)

Chromosomes are linear arrangements of condensed deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and histone proteins, which form a complex called chromatin. (wikipedia.org)
Walter Flemming was at that time the one to introduce the designations "chromatin" and "mitosis" ( Flemming, 1879 ). (frontiersin.org)
Chromosomes are made of a material called chromatin, which is dispersed throughout the cell nucleus during interphase. (visionlearning.com)

Road signs on microtubules guide chromosomes during mitosis. (ucsf.edu)
Also draw and label the nuclear envelope and any microtubules attached to the chromosome(s). (pearson.com)

The rate at which mitosis occurs depends on the cell type. (visionlearning.com)

Homologous chromosomes are made up of chromosome pairs of approximately the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern, for genes with the same corresponding loci. (wikipedia.org)
The alleles on the homologous chromosomes may be different, resulting in different phenotypes of the same genes. (wikipedia.org)
Using test cross experiments, he revealed that, for a single parent, the alleles of genes near to one another along the length of the chromosome move together. (wikipedia.org)
Using this logic he concluded that the two genes he was studying were located on homologous chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
In humans, the 22 pairs of homologous autosomal chromosomes contain the same genes but code for different traits in their allelic forms, as one was inherited from the mother and one from the father. (wikipedia.org)
linkage group, in genetics, all of the genes on a single chromosome. (britannica.com)
Lighter bands on chromosomes called euchromatin where genes are expressed. (mindmeister.com)

DRAW IT Draw one eukaryotic chromosome as it would appear during interphase, during each of the stages of mitosis, and during cytokinesis. (pearson.com)

Conversely, males contain XY, which means that they have a non-homologous pair of sex chromosomes as their 23rd pair of chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)

Only the male pronucleus was present in the egg cytoplasm and became metaphase chromosomes at the first mitosis. (bioone.org)

Mechanistically, the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex prematurely associates with DNA lesions within ruptured micronuclei during interphase, which poises pulverized chromosomes for clustering upon mitotic entry. (nature.com)
Whether chromosomes maintain their nuclear positions during interphase and from one cell cycle to the next has been controversially discussed. (ox.ac.uk)
Positional changes of the intensity gravity centers of fluorescently labeled chromosome territories (CTs) on the order of several microm were observed in early G1, suggesting a role of CT mobility in establishing interphase nuclear architecture. (ox.ac.uk)
1985) described polytene chromosomes as giant chromosomes produced by changes in the mitotic cycle during the interphase stage. (scielo.br)

But what all these life forms have in common is that their genetic code is copied from cell to cell thanks to the process of mitosis, whereby the nucleus of a cell splits into two before the cell divides. (visionlearning.com)

Acute inhibition or degradation of ATR in mitosis induces whole-chromosome missegregation. (umn.edu)

Fluorescence image of tripolar mitosis in a liver cancer cell line. (cellimagelibrary.org)

Here we tracked micronucleated chromosomes with live-cell imaging and show that acentric fragments cluster in close spatial proximity throughout mitosis for asymmetric inheritance by a single daughter cell. (nature.com)
Mitotic clustering facilitates the reassembly of acentric fragments into rearranged chromosomes lacking the extensive DNA copy-number losses that are characteristic of canonical chromothripsis. (nature.com)
Such structures are a result of chromosome fragments or entire acentric chromosomes which are lost during a cell division. (bvsalud.org)

In mitosis, ATR localizes to centromeres through Aurora A-regulated association with centromere protein F (CENP-F), allowing ATR to engage replication protein A (RPA)-coated centromeric R loops. (umn.edu)
Centromere placement on the chromosome can be characterized by four main arrangements, either metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric, or telocentric. (wikipedia.org)
[4] Before this happens, each chromosome is duplicated ( S phase ), and both copies are joined by a centromere , resulting either in an X-shaped structure (pictured above), if the centromere is located equatorially, or a two-arm structure, if the centromere is located distally. (wikipedia.org)
This localization of the CPC to the inner-centromere is important for the concentration-dependent autoactivation of the CPC during mitosis. (virginia.edu)

Trisomy of sex chromosomes is compatible with life, but will cause phenotypic abnormalities. (mindmeister.com)
Trisomy 21 → gain of an extra chromosome 21, results in Down's syndrome. (mindmeister.com)
May have trisomy of other chromosomes, eg. (mindmeister.com)

By overexpressing PLK1, USP7 that had been depleted by RNAi ceased to induce chromosome misalignment in mitosis and again supported cell proliferation and cell survival. (biomedcentral.com)

As ATR is activated at centromeres, it stimulates Aurora B through Chk1, preventing formation of lagging chromosomes. (umn.edu)
Thus, a mitosis-specific and R loop-driven ATR pathway acts at centromeres to promote faithful chromosome segregation, revealing functions of R loops and ATR in suppressing chromosome instability. (umn.edu)

Apart from regulating kinetochore-microtubule attachment Aurora-B also regulates the assembly of the outer kinetochore during mitosis. (virginia.edu)
Aurora-B activity at the kinetochore changes in response to the kinetochore-microtubule attachment status and this change is important for proper mitosis. (virginia.edu)
Accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis relies in a powerful kinetochore (KT)Cmicrotubule (MT) interface that switches from a labile to a steady condition in response to appropriate MT accessories. (bio2009.org)
Bioinformatic analysis of the gene expression data identified significant enrichment of several diseases/biological function categories (for example, cancer, leukocyte migration, inflammatory response, mitosis, and movement of phagocytes) and canonical pathways (for example, kinetochore metaphase signaling pathway, granulocyte and agranulocyte adhesion and diapedesis, acute phase response, and LXR/RXR activation). (cdc.gov)

more chromosomes or chromosome fragments go to one daughter cell, and fewer to the other. (acs.org)

Otto Bütschli was the first scientist to recognize the structures now known as chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Polytene chromosomes are structures found in highly specialized tissues in some animal and plant species, which are amplified through successive cycles of endoreduplication, finally producing several copies of each chromosome. (scielo.br)

For instance, females contain XX, thus have a homologous pair of sex chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
1. One chromosome from each homologous pair is at each pole of the cell. (ubc.ca)

Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only during the metaphase of cell division (where all chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell in their condensed form). (wikipedia.org)
The whole idea of cell division which involves either mitosis or binary fission is a very particular matter. (differencebetween.net)
3.Mitosis has stages of cell division. (differencebetween.net)
Haploid organisms reproduce via mitosis cell division and have one set of chromosomes. (phys.org)
It is in the telophase stage of cell division (mitosis). (lu.se)
This protein complex helps control the placement of chromosomes during cell division. (medlineplus.gov)

In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we caught up with Professor Bill Earnshaw , Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow at the University of Edinburgh, to talk about his work on the role of non-histone proteins in chromosome structure and function during mitosis. (activemotif.jp)
Each chromosome consists of one very long molecule of DNA twisted around proteins. (carnivorousplants.org)

Walter Sutton (left) and Theodor Boveri (right) independently developed the chromosome theory of inheritance in 1902. (wikipedia.org)
Aided by the rediscovery at the start of the 1900s of Gregor Mendel 's earlier work, Boveri was able to point out the connection between the rules of inheritance and the behaviour of the chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
In his famous textbook The Cell in Development and Heredity , Wilson linked together the independent work of Boveri and Sutton (both around 1902) by naming the chromosome theory of inheritance the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory (the names are sometimes reversed). (wikipedia.org)

A couple of homologous chromosomes, or homologs, are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, when two chromosomes containing the relatively same structure exist (e.g., maternal chromosome 15 and paternal chromosome 15), they are able to pair together via the process of synapsis to form homologous chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)

In addition, there are two types of asexual production: mitosis and binary fission. (differencebetween.net)
Additionally, mitosis copies the chromosomes while binary fission only copies the DNA. (differencebetween.net)
1.Mitosis is on eukaryotes while binary fission is on prokaryotes. (differencebetween.net)
4.Binary fission is faster than mitosis. (differencebetween.net)
6.Mitosis copies the chromosomes while binary fission only copies the DNA. (differencebetween.net)

It was not until the early 20 th century that it was demonstrated that chromosomes contain the material of hereditary and it took until the middle 20 th century to determine that DNA in chromosomes was the principle coding molecule of heredity. (carnivorousplants.org)

microtubule (MT) design boost as a result of account activation and actions of Cdk1 over MT-associated protein, favoring the search-and-capture of chromosomes by centrosomal MTs (Kirschner and Mitchison, 1986). (bio2009.org)
Microtubule detyrosination guides chromosomes during mitosis. (ucsf.edu)

What is the network of nuclear threads that condense to make chromosomes in mitosis called? (answers.com)

She is currently a Senior Investigator leading the Chromosome Structure and Epigenetics Mechanism Unit within the Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression at the Center for Cancer Research of the NCI/NIH in Bethesda. (elifesciences.org)
Prof. Franz Klein and his colleague, Ph.D. student Alexandra Penkner from the Department of Chromosome Biology of the Max Perutz Laboratories at the Campus Vienna Biocenter, have now published results on an important regulation of this process in the journal CELL. (scienceblog.com)
Under this generic term, all chromosome-related studies should be summarized to introduce novel ideas and concepts in biology and medicine, thus having an integrative effect on the field. (frontiersin.org)

Homologous chromosomes line up in pairs in (A) metaphase of mitosis. (stackexchange.com)
Humans have a total of 46 chromosomes, but there are only 22 pairs of homologous autosomal chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
This means that females have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes in total (i.e., 22 pairs of non-sex chromosomes (autosomes), 1 pair of sex chromosomes). (wikipedia.org)
Independent Assortment - Chromosomes sort themselves independently of other pairs. (ubc.ca)

These studies implicate a potential mechanism suppressing the loss of genetic material after chromosome pulverization, although how distinct patterns of rearrangements arise in cancer and germline disorders remains unclear. (nature.com)
A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. (wikipedia.org)
In spite of our lack of attention to chromosomes and chromosome numbers in formally defining species, it is the chromosomes and the genetic material they contain that define true species and control the evolution of new species. (carnivorousplants.org)
The more similar the chromosomes (the genome and epigenome as well as chromosome number) the more likely hybrids will form and reproduce but also the more likely the net result will only be the introgression of genetic material from one species to the other. (carnivorousplants.org)

Abnormalities that affect autosomes (the 22 paired chromosomes that are alike in males and females) are more common than those that affect sex chromosomes (X and Y). (msdmanuals.com)

The frequency of the separation of properties depends on the distance between the loci on the chromosome. (bordercollies.nl)
The protein Mnd2 inhibits premature separation of chromosomes during the formation of gametes. (scienceblog.com)
Still, there must be a separation between the replicated chromosomes. (differencebetween.net)

So, humans have two sets of 23 chromosomes in each cell that contains a nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
While humans have 46 chromosomes and dogs have 78, one kind of ant has only 2 chromosomes and a type of protozoan has nearly 16,000! (visionlearning.com)

Nevertheless, amazingly small is normally known about how particular KT protein are governed to great beat KTCMT design throughout mitosis. (bio2009.org)
USP7 inhibition induces cell apoptosis and cell cycle G2/M arrest, and overcomes taxane resistance by inducing the protein degradation of PLK1, resulting in chromosome misalignment in mitosis. (biomedcentral.com)
This whole package of DNA (genome) and protein (epigenome) in a chromosome is what controls the development and maintenance of eukaryotic organisms (protists, fungi, animals, and plants). (carnivorousplants.org)

Numerical abnormalities may involve a part of, or the entire, chromosome. (msdmanuals.com)

Anatomy66

Organisms10

Diseases21

Chemicals and Drugs50

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes154

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Meiosis24

Anaphase9

Cells36

Sister chromatids3

Prophase5

Centrosomes5

Sets of chromosomes1

Individual chromosomes2

Chromosomal6

Spindle7

Diploid4

Stage of mitosis1

Segregate2

Nuclei2

Chromatin3

Microtubules2

Occurs1

Genes7

Stages of mitosis1

Pair of chromosomes1

Metaphase chromosomes1

Interphase4

Process of mitosis1

Whole-chromosome1

Tripolar mitosis1

Acentric3

Centromere4

Trisomy3

Induce chromosome1

Centromeres2

Kinetochore4

Fragments1

Structures2

Homologous pair2

Cell division6

Proteins2

Inheritance3

Maternal2

Binary fission5

Heredity1

Microtubule2

Condense1

Biology3

Pairs4

Genetic material4

Autosomes1

Separation3

Humans2

Protein3

Abnormalities1