Serum autoantibodies against cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A have been identified in IBM showing moderate diagnostic performance. (nih.gov)
The AST has both cytosolic and mitochondrial forms. (medscape.com)
The goal of this work was to evaluate the activity of AMP deaminase and 5-nucleotidase in the cytosolic kidney fraction of rats under the conditions of different protein and sucrose content in a diet. (edu.ua)
Gamma-glutamyl trans4
A biliary source is inferred when the alkaline phosphatase is associated with an elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), 5'-nucleotidase, or leucine aminopeptidase. (medscape.com)
If gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) or 5'-nucleotidase levels are increased alongside ALP, we can assume that the source of the ALP is the liver. (medmastery.com)
Elevated levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and 5'-nucleotidase indicate cholestasis that is caused by the liver. (medmastery.com)
Summary of conditions associated with elevated levels of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and 5'-nucleotidase. (medmastery.com)
Protein5
The first 32 amino acids, which contain the mitochondrial targeting sequence, are removed during the processing of the premature protein for its import into the mitochondrial matrix. (wikipedia.org)
The protein mdN is essential to counteract dTTP accumulation, as excess dTTP has been linked to mitochondrial genetic disease. (wikipedia.org)
The encoded protein is the type 1 isozyme of pyrimidine 5' nucleotidase and catalyzes the dephosphorylation of pyrimidine 5' monophosphates. (nih.gov)
Various hypothesis about the pathogenesis of IBM continue to be investigated, including autoimmune factors, mitochondrial dysfunction, protein dyshomeostasis, altered nucleic acid metabolism, myonuclear degeneration and the role of the myostatin pathway. (nih.gov)
SVEVs isolated from lyophilized venoms collected from four different species of snakes ( Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix , Crotalus atrox , Crotalus viridis and Crotalus cerberus oreganus ) were analyzed by mass spectrometry-based proteomic, which allowed the identification of proteins belonging to eight main functional protein classes such as SVMPs, serine proteinases, PLA 2 , LAAO, 5′nucleotidase, C-type lectin, CRISP and Disintegrin. (nature.com)
Enzymes2
Similar to other mitochondrial enzymes, mdN mRNA is found in heart, brain, and muscle, and to a lesser degree in kidney and pancreas, while it is absent from placenta, liver, and lung. (wikipedia.org)
This gene encodes a member of the 5'-nucleotidase family of enzymes that catalyze the dephosphorylation of nucleoside 5'-monophosphates. (nih.gov)
Nucleoside1
mdN can be used to maintain the concentrations of nucleoside analogs at low levels to avoid mitochondrial toxicity. (wikipedia.org)
Pyrimidine5
Due to this function, mdN regulates the size of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide pools within mitochondria, in conjunction with the mitochondrial thymidine kinase, as part of the thymidine (dTTP)/dTMP substrate cycle. (wikipedia.org)
A) in NT5C3A associated with hereditary pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase deficiency: two cases report and literature review]. (nih.gov)
A New Homozygous Mutation (c.393-394del TA/c.393-394del TA) in the NT5C3 Gene Associated With Pyrimidine-5'-Nucleotidase Deficiency: A Case Report. (nih.gov)
The intracellular pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase NT5C3A is a negative epigenetic factor in interferon and cytokine signaling. (nih.gov)
The inherited defects involving pyrimidine metabolism lead to nervous system, hematologic and mitochondrial disease. (tempsite.ws)
Pyruvate1
The antigen that reacts with AMA is part of the 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase multienzyme complex in the mitochondria, especially the E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase, located on the inner mitochondrial membrane. (medscape.com)
Enzyme4
5',3'-nucleotidase, mitochondrial, also known as 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, mitochondrial (mdN) or deoxy-5'-nucleotidase 2 (dNT-2), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NT5M gene. (wikipedia.org)
Aspartate aminotransferase is a mitochondrial enzyme in the liver, but it is also found in the heart, muscle, kidney, and brain. (medmastery.com)
This gene encodes a 5' nucleotidase that localizes to the mitochondrial matrix. (wikipedia.org)
Humans1
mdN is one of seven 5' nucleotidases identified in humans, all of which differ in tissue specificity, subcellular location, primary structure and substrate specificity. (wikipedia.org)
Levels1
Since excess dTTP leads to aberrant mitochondrial DNA replication, the regulatory role of mdN serves to maintain dTTP levels to ensure proper mitochondrial DNA replication. (wikipedia.org)
CD733
nucleotidase CD73, an ectoenzyme highly expressed in cancer, is suggested to regulate intracellular NAD+ levels by processing NAD+ and its bio-precursor, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), from tumor microenvironments, thereby enhancing tumor DNA repair capacity and chemotherapy resistance. (nih.gov)
To achieve this, NMN first needs to be converted extracellularly to NR by the ectoenzyme 5′‐nucleotidase CD73, after which NR is transported into the cell by the equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs) and metabolized to NAD + via NRKs. (weeksmd.com)
Extracellular ATP can be catabolized into adenosine monophosphate (AMP) by CD39 rapidly, but the conversion of AMP to adenosine is limited by CD73 (ecto-5′-nucleotidase), the rate-limiting ecto-enzyme in extracellular AMP hydrolysis [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
NT5M1
5',3'-nucleotidase, mitochondrial, also known as 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, mitochondrial (mdN) or deoxy-5'-nucleotidase 2 (dNT-2), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NT5M gene. (wikipedia.org)
Mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channels (mt-VDACs) translocate a variety of metabolites, including ATP and ADP, across the mitochondrial outer membrane, and a plasmalemmal splice variant (pl-VDAC-1) has been proposed to mediate ATP translocation across the plasma membrane. (silverchair.com)
Metabolism1
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) and its reduced form (NADH) are ubiquitous molecules in the body, which play crucial roles in energy metabolism, as they act as hydride‐accepting and hydride‐donating coenzymes during mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. (weeksmd.com)
Oxidative1
It is based on very coarse-grained representations of the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain (oxidative phosphorylation). (nih.gov)
Antigen1
The antigen that reacts with AMA is part of the 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase multienzyme complex in the mitochondria, especially the E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase, located on the inner mitochondrial membrane. (medscape.com)
Mitochondria3
Due to this function, mdN regulates the size of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide pools within mitochondria, in conjunction with the mitochondrial thymidine kinase, as part of the thymidine (dTTP)/dTMP substrate cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Substances containing thiol groups gave a partial protection against the aggregation of mitochondrial proteins seen in mitochondria isolated from CCl4-treated rats, as well as the same type of aggregation seen when mitochondria from normal liver were incubated at room temperature for 30 min. (ac-devd-choinhibitor.com)
Cells with active mitochondrial membrane potential accumulate a higher level of JC1, resulting in red fluorescence of JC1 aggregates, whereas mitochondria with lower membrane potential have green fluorescence of monomeric JC1. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Pathological2
Energetic Profile of Healthy and Pathological hmMSCs Further, in order to evaluate mitochondrial membrane potential, the green and red fluorescence of 5,5,6,6-Tetrachloro-1,1,3,3-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide (JC1) within healthy and pathological hmMSC was measured by flow cytometry (Figure 2A). (exposed-skin-care.net)
Furthermore, we performed a far more detailed analysis of mitochondrial activity of pathological and healthy hmMSC by Seahorse XF analyzer. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Liver2
Similar to other mitochondrial enzymes, mdN mRNA is found in heart, brain, and muscle, and to a lesser degree in kidney and pancreas, while it is absent from placenta, liver, and lung. (wikipedia.org)
In fact, NAD + repletion and the subsequent activation of sirtuins leads to key biochemical and clinical improvements, such as enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, 11 - 14 protection against fatty acid‐induced liver disease 15 and diabetes, 11 , 12 or reduced neurodegeneration 16 in a variety of animal models. (weeksmd.com)
Extracellular1
This results in an accumulation of the deoxynucleosides, thymidine and deoxyuridine in the cellular and extracellular compartments, ultimately leading to mitochondrial failure. (nih.gov)
Regulatory1
Since excess dTTP leads to aberrant mitochondrial DNA replication, the regulatory role of mdN serves to maintain dTTP levels to ensure proper mitochondrial DNA replication. (wikipedia.org)
Human1
Description: A competitive Inhibition ELISA kit for detection of Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame Of The 12S rRNA-c from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (hiv-pharmacogenomics.org)