In remethylation pathway, Hcy can be remethylated to form Met via methionine synthase (MS) or betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), in which cofactors such as folic acid and vitamin B 12 or betaine are required. (hindawi.com)
This gene encodes a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of betaine and homocysteine to dimethylglycine and methionine, respectively. (thermofisher.com)
An alternative remethylation pathway also exists using the cobalamin independent betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase. (bmj.com)
To understand the causes and consequences of decreased Hcys concurrent with Se deficiency, betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT (one of the enzymes that synthesizes methionine from homocysteine) was measured. (usda.gov)
We give a mechanistic understanding of observed concentration differences in one-carbon metabolism and explain why women have lower S-andenosylmethionine, lower homocysteine, and higher choline and betaine. (biomedcentral.com)
Folate5
A diabetic state induces the activity and abundance of glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT), a key protein in the regulation of folate, methyl group, and homocysteine metabolism. (illinois.edu)
These results indicate that a diabetic state profoundly modulates methyl group, choline, and homocysteine metabolism, and folate status may play a role in the extent of these alterations. (illinois.edu)
Homocysteine is a sulphur containing amino acid that plays an important role in methionine and folate metabolism. (bmj.com)
Methyl transferase is related to folate and dihydrofolate, particularly with formation of methionine from homocysteine and thymidine from uridine. (aaaai.org)
We give a new explanation of the well known phenomenon that folate supplementation lowers homocysteine and we show how to use the model to investigate the effects of vitamin deficiencies, gene polymorphisms, and nutrient input changes. (biomedcentral.com)
In the present investigation, we studied the modulating effects of several tea catechins and bioflavonoids on DNA methylation catalyzed by prokaryotic SssI DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and human DNMT1. (aspetjournals.org)
When epicatechin was used as a model inhibitor, kinetic analyses showed that this catechol-containing dietary polyphenol inhibited enzymatic DNA methylation in vitro largely by increasing the formation of S -adenosyl- l -homocysteine (a potent noncompetitive inhibitor of DNMTs) during the catechol- O -methyltransferase-mediated O -methylation of this dietary catechol. (aspetjournals.org)
This study was aimed at investigating the effects of quercetin on mRNA expression and activity of critical enzymes in homocysteine metabolism in rats fed a methionine-enriched diet. (hindawi.com)
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a nonprotein amino acid, derived from methionine (Met) metabolism [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Pathways for the metabolism of homocysteine. (bmj.com)
Transfer of the methyl group from N5-methyltetrahydrofolates to homocysteine in Escherichia coli" (Free full text). (wikipedia.org)
Here we use a Capture Compound with S -adenosyl- L -homocysteine-binding as selectivity function to isolate methyltransferases from an Escherichia coli whole cell lysate and identify them by MS. (jove.com)
Choline3
Choline acts to reduce harmful levels of the amino acid homocysteine, converting it to the beneficial chemical methionine. (azbio.org)
First, choline reduces levels of homocysteine‚ an amino acid that can act as a potent neurotoxin, contributing to the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease: neurodegeneration and the formation of amyloid plaques. (azbio.org)
Choline performs a chemical transformation, converting the harmful homocysteine into the helpful chemical methionine. (azbio.org)
1.141
In enzymology, a 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate + L-homocysteine ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } tetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate + L-methionine Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate and L-homocysteine, whereas its two products are tetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate and L-methionine. (wikipedia.org)
To elucidate the mechanism underlying this switch, we have characterized a Phe/Tyr switch mutant of the histone H4 Lys-20 (H4K20) methyltransferase SET8, which alters its specificity from a monomethyltransferase to a dimethyltransferase. (rcsb.org)
Amino acid2
Using the methionine loading test, in which 0.1 mg/kg body weight of this amino acid is administered orally, they found that the prevalence of high circulating homocysteine concentrations, or hyperhomocysteinaemia, was higher than in normal controls. (bmj.com)
Homocysteine is actually a by product of certain normal metabolic amino acid breakdown and processing. (ecopolitan.com)
Displaystyle1
In enzymology, a homocysteine S-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction S-methylmethionine + L-homocysteine ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 2 L-methionine Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-methylmethionine and L-homocysteine, and it produces 2 molecules of L-methionine. (wikipedia.org)
Methyl group1
Changes in plasma concentrations of total homocysteine (tHcy) reflect one aspect of the metabolic consequences of methyl group deficiency or nutrient supplementations. (nih.gov)
Transsulfuration2
It is concluded that quercetin reduces serum homocysteine by increasing remethylation and transsulfuration of homocysteine in rats exposed to a methionine-enriched diet. (hindawi.com)
The underlying enzymological abnormality, a deficit of cystathionine β synthase, results in impairment of homocysteine transsulfuration. (bmj.com)
Genes1
Genes encoding homocysteine methyltransferase (HMT) have been identified in some plant species in response to abiotic stress , but its molecular mechanism in plant drought tolerance remains unclear. (bvsalud.org)
DNMT3b1
Moreover, the effect of Hcy on the expression of TFEB is regulated by hypomethylation of the TFEB promoter catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b). (lu.se)
Supplementation1
Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that supplementation with B vitamins, including vitamin B 6 , could effectively reduce homocysteine levels. (oregonstate.edu)
TRNA4
Predicted to enable tRNA (guanine) methyltransferase activity. (nih.gov)
1) S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cytidine(34) in tRNA = S-adenosyl-L- homocysteine + 2'-O-methylcytidine(34) in tRNA. (cathdb.info)
2) S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 5-carboxymethylaminomethyluridine(34) in tRNA(Leu) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl-2'-O- methyluridine(34) in tRNA(Leu). (cathdb.info)
Tetrahydrofolate1
Reconversion of homocysteine to methionine also contributes to the maintenance of intracellular stores of tetrahydrofolate. (bmj.com)
Cardiovascular disease1
High levels of circulating homocysteine are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease . (oregonstate.edu)
Vitamins1
However, homocysteine lowering by B vitamins has failed to lower the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk individuals. (oregonstate.edu)
Consists1
Human TRMT112-Methyltransferase Network Consists of Seven Partners Interacting with a Common Co-Factor. (nih.gov)
Plasma2
About 10 years after the discovery of homocystinuria it was hypothesised by McCully 4 that high plasma homocysteine might be causally related to the vascular complications of the disease. (bmj.com)
Selenium (Se) deprivation causes a marked reduction in plasma homocysteine (Hcys). (usda.gov)
Crystal1
3H2B: Crystal structure of the SAM-dependent methyltransferase cg3271 from Corynebacterium glutamicum in complex with S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine and pyrophosphate. (rcsb.org)
Levels1
Homocysteine is known to double the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and is found in elevated levels in patients with Alzheimer's disease. (azbio.org)
High1
High level of homocysteine (Hcy) promotes autophagy in hepatocytes, but the underlying mechanism is still unknown. (lu.se)
Family2
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. (wikipedia.org)
Belongs to the C5-methyltransferase family. (lu.se)
Conversion1
The former is required for conversion of L- methylmalonic acid to succinyl coenzyme A (CoA), and the latter acts as a methyltransferase for conversion of homocysteine to methionine. (medscape.com)
Full1
Purification and properties of 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-homocysteine transmethylase" (Free full text). (wikipedia.org)