Methods environmental exposure. Medical search. Frequent questions

The pollution caused by heavy metals and their impact on the environment has been increasing, with their effects extending to different environmental compartments such as water, soil, and atmosphere ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Air pollution has emerged as a plausible risk factor for AD, but studies estimating dementia cases attributable to exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) air pollution and resulting monetary estimates are lacking. (biomedcentral.com)
To estimate the annual number of dementia cases attributable to air pollution in the Swedish population above 60 years of age, we used the latest concentration response functions (CRF) between PM 2.5 exposure and dementia incidence, based on ten longitudinal cohort studies, for the population above 60 years of age. (biomedcentral.com)
ATS 2012, SAN FRANCISCO - The link between prenatal exposure to air pollution and childhood lung growth and respiratory ailments has been established by several studies in recent years, and now a new study suggests that these prenatal exposures can be especially serious for children with asthma. (eurekalert.org)
The study was conducted as part of the Fresno Asthmatic Children's Environment Study (FACES) - Lifetime Exposure initiative, which examines the influence of prenatal exposure to a number of ambient air pollutants on the growth of lung function during childhood and teen years in a high pollution area. (eurekalert.org)
To determine prenatal exposure levels to pollution, the mothers' residences during pregnancy were geocoded and pollutant concentrations were obtained from the Aerometric Information Retrieval System supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).Monthly average pollutant concentrations were assigned from 24-hour averages obtained at a central site monitor and summaries of the entire pregnancy and each trimester were calculated. (eurekalert.org)
Few studies have examined prenatal exposure to air pollution and subsequent lung function in childhood. (eurekalert.org)
Exposure To Air Pollution During Pregnancy And Pulmonary Function Growth In The FACES LiTE Cohort" (Session A49, Sunday, May 20, 2012: 8:15 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. (eurekalert.org)
Professor Tracey J. Woodruff, PhD, MPH, UCSF is a recognized expert on environmental pollution exposures during pregnancy and effects on prenatal and child health as well as on her innovations in translating and communicating scientific findings for clinical and policy audiences. (healthandenvironment.org)
Wearable sensors are increasingly used to monitor environmental pollution. (springer.com)
Therefore, environmental pollution occurs more frequently, longer, and more intensively with citizens suffering from its negative health impacts [ 94 ]. (springer.com)
Environmental pollution is the sum of all disruptive environmental factors that influence or change the natural environment [ 71 ]. (springer.com)
This review focuses on three environmental factors that are expected to increase in frequency and intensity, especially in urban areas: heat, air pollution, and noise [ 94 ]. (springer.com)
August 01, 2018, MSc thesis defence: Lief Pagalan, Prenatal Exposures to Air Pollution and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Population-based Cohort Study in Metro Vancouver, BC. (sfu.ca)
July 12, 2018, MSc thesis defence: Crista Bartolomeu, A Randomized Controlled Trial of Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure and the Development of Allergic Sensitization in the First Year of Life. (sfu.ca)
Researchers will learn to use Google Earth Engine to estimate environmental exposures like air pollution, green space, temperature, climate, drought, flooding and forest change for health research. (columbia.edu)
Exposure assessment to biological and non-biological airborne particles, air pollution, exposure and health effects of nanoparticles. (rutgers.edu)
biomarkers of exposure, multi-route exposures to volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, exposure to disinfection by-products in drinking water, the role of air pollution in exacerbation of asthma and other diseases, exposures within aircraft and other modes of transportation, indoor air, gene-environmental exposure. (rutgers.edu)
The human body is exposed to pollution on a daily basis via dermal exposure and inhalation. (environmental-expert.com)
This book reviews the information necessary to address the steps in exposure assessment relevant to air pollution . (environmental-expert.com)
The main objective of the book is to contribute to the existing knowledge and practical application of modern technologies for exposure and risk assessment of chemical environmental pollution with emphasis on methodologies and the models used for environmental security. (environmental-expert.com)
More recently a role of environmental exposures, including air pollution, has also been suggested. (ku.dk)
The aim of this study, was to investigate the relationship between long-term air pollution exposure and breast cancer incidence. (ku.dk)

The cytogenetic markers of DNA damage have become very popular and useful in providing an analytical data for risk assessment, such as internal exposure doses and early biological eff ects of both occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides. (nih.gov)
The Alert examines firing range operations, exposure assessment and control methods, existing regulations, and exposure standards and guidelines. (cdc.gov)
The NIOSH was presented with an opportunity to assist in the evaluation of CI by conducting the exposure assessment through an interagency agreement with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NTP. (elcosh.org)
Supporting activities include the development of epidemiological, experimental laboratory, and risk-assessment methods that could produce internationally comparable results, and the development of manpower in the field of toxicology. (inchem.org)
The aim of the study was to illustrate the use of SEM in the assessment of salivary cortisol concentration in infants as a biomarker of perinatal exposure to inorganic arsenic. (aaem.pl)
Association of low-level arsenic exposure in drinking water with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and risk assessment. (aaem.pl)
Low-level arsenic exposure and developmental neurotoxicity in children: A systematic review and risk assessment. (aaem.pl)
Also, we sought to improve the sensitivity of obesogen detection/validation methods to establish a framework for post-toxicological chemical assessment. (nist.gov)
2023. Advancing exposure assessment approaches to improve wildlife risk assessment . (sfu.ca)
Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Health and Environmental Effects Division, Integrated Health Assessment Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. (bvsalud.org)
Comparative assessment of environmental risk when using the antihistamines desloratadine, cetirizine, loratadine, ebastine, clemastine and fexofenadine from a Swedish perspective (Report Goodpoint 2019). (janusinfo.se)
Summary assessment based on (expected) water exposure in relation to toxicity and interaction with targets. (janusinfo.se)
The other studied antihistamines pose a low risk based on expected exposure and the likelihood of accumulation in biota to near therapeutic concentrations, at the same time the assessment is uncertain due to insufficient efficacy data. (janusinfo.se)
She went on to complete her PhD thesis in occupational cancer epidemiology, titled "Retrospective Occupational Exposure Assessment in Multi-center Studies on Cancer", in 2003 at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. (who.int)

Our findings suggest that future researchers and policy makers might need to take low-dose effects of phthalates into account regarding the reproductive toxicity of phthalates exposure in humans. (nature.com)
Cd is a highly toxic and accumulative environmental pollutant with strong chemical activity, persistent toxicity, and high soil mobility. (frontiersin.org)
Clinical Methods for Mitigating Toxicity. (cdc.gov)
This list contains substances that have been identified at National Priorities List (NPL) sites and determined to pose a human health risk based on (1) known or suspected human toxicity, (2) frequency of occurrence at NPL sites or other facilities, and (3) the potential for human exposure to the substance. (cdc.gov)
Exposure and toxicity of environmental mercury to birds can be enhanced or lessened due to the available sources and forms of mercury and other species dependent factors such as life stage, migratory patterns, foraging and nesting behaviors, transfer of mercury from mothers to eggs, and sex. (usgs.gov)
However, exposure to methylmercury alone does not determine the health risk to humans or wildlife-numerous pathways and processes in the environment and within an organism can alter its toxicity. (usgs.gov)
The Ecologically-Driven Exposure Pathways team identifies internal and external pathways and processes that can alter exposure and toxicity of contaminants and pathogens to wildlife the environment. (usgs.gov)
The Ecologically-Driven Exposure Pathways Integrated Science Team identifies how ecological pathways and physiological processes within a single organism can alter exposure and toxicity of contaminants and pathogens and seek to understand outcomes at different scales from individuals to populations and ecosystems. (usgs.gov)
170) 1.Hazardous substances - toxicity 2.Environmental exposure 3.Guidelines I.Series ISBN 92 4 157170 5 (NLM Classification: WA 465) ISSN 0250-863X The World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. (inchem.org)

Systematic reviews play a similar role today as literature reviews in the past in that both attempt to provide an overview of the literature on a particular topic, either within a discipline (e.g., epidemiology) or across disciplines, and typically assess the evidence for causality for the association between exposure and disease. (nih.gov)
Investigators in the Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch implement GIS-based exposure assessments using georeferenced historical data resources and residential histories collected in our studies of environmental hazards and cancer risk. (cancer.gov)
Our expertise is diverse -- including human ecology, social determinants of health, child development and mental health, epidemiology, public policy and interventions, environmental toxicology, and epigenetics and physiology of human development. (sfu.ca)
In epidemiology, generalized linear models are the main statistical methods used to explore associations. (aaem.pl)
Dr 't Mannetje will be remembered for her substantial contributions to occupational and environmental epidemiology, for her collegiality, and for her willingness to share her expertise in the service of improving public health. (who.int)

Although plastic chemicals are a well-established research topic, the impacts of plastic particles are unexplored, especially with regard to early life exposures. (lu.se)
Based on the evidence to date, we provide recommendations to fill research gaps, stimulate policymakers and industry to address the safety of NMPs, and point to opportunities for families to reduce early life exposures to plastic. (lu.se)

The exposure levels of phthalates in humans have dropped dramatically. (nature.com)
Our findings contribute to the awareness of the reproductive toxic potential of phthalates at low levels in humans and support the ongoing efforts to further reduce exposure to phthalates. (nature.com)
Moreover, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) considers the "spraying and application of non-arsenical insecticides entailing exposures" to be, as a whole, probably carcinogenic to humans. (bmj.com)
The review included exposure to environmental agents carcinogenic to humans (International Agency for Research on Cancer classification), as well as lifestyle factors known to affect cancer risk. (who.int)
Methylmercury exposure poses a perceived health risk to humans and wildlife globally. (usgs.gov)
While these associations have been reported for multiple cohorts in differing locations and across varying exposure levels, they have yet to be confirmed in an experimental model that reproduces the heterogeneous and dynamic nature of real-world TRAP to which humans are exposed. (nature.com)

The majority of exposures occur by inhalation and typically lead to symptoms of ocular, nasal, and respiratory tract irritation. (cdc.gov)
Inhalation is a major route of exposure that occurs when an individual breathes in polluted air which enters the respiratory tract. (wikipedia.org)
OBJECTIVES: This commentary aims to summarize the knowns and unknowns around child- and pregnancy-relevant exposures to NMPs via inhalation, placental transfer, ingestion and breastmilk, and dermal absorption. (lu.se)

The present study was designed to assess the role of environmental and genetic factors in the aetiology of childhood acute leukaemia. (bmj.com)
We conducted a large, cohort study to assess the impact of ETS exposure on birth weight whilst adjusting for the many factors known to influence this. (nih.gov)
We aimed to assess the associations of use of personal care products with urine biomarkers levels of phenols and paraben exposure, and whether urine levels (reflecting body burden of this chemical exposures) are associated with eczema, rhinitis, asthma, specific IgE and body mass index. (biomedcentral.com)
Evaluate strategies to assess past exposures to dioxin. (cdc.gov)
In this context, digitalization is a key driver for the development of new ways to collect, assess, and monitor environmental stressors with wearable sensor technologies which help to explore the urban human exposome, which is defined as the total of people's exposure to environmental factors throughout their lifetime [ 3 ]. (springer.com)
To assess the developmental neurotoxicity of more realistic TRAP exposures, we exposed male and female rats during gestation and early postnatal development to TRAP drawn directly from a traffic tunnel in Northern California and delivered to animals in real-time. (nature.com)
LRMs and SEMs were useful to assess the effect of prenatal exposure to inorganic arsenic on cortisol in infants. (aaem.pl)
The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of dietary cadmium exposure in environmental cadmium exposure and its health risk among adults in Shanghai, China. (biomedcentral.com)
This included all epidemiological study types, as well as a range of methods to assess occupational and environmental exposures. (who.int)

The Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch develops and performs unique laboratory tests to measure organic environmental chemicals in people. (cdc.gov)
Benzene is an exposure concern because the Department of Health and Human Services' National Toxicology Program has determined that it is a known carcinogen (i.e., can cause cancer). (cdc.gov)
He currently runs and directs the Clinical Toxicology and Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory and the TB Hair Analysis Laboratory at UCSF. (healthandenvironment.org)
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. (sfu.ca)
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 41(10): 2565-2579. (sfu.ca)

A prospective study conducted 6 on adolescent males in Philadelphia, USA, born during the period after DDT spraying had been stopped, showed that those with higher prenatal exposure to p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p' - DDE) had increased height and body mass index (BMI) than those with lower exposures. (samj.org.za)
Four linear regression models (LRMs) and two SEMs were run to estimate the effect of prenatal exposure to inorganic arsenic on cortisol concentration in infants. (aaem.pl)
According to LRMs and SEMs, prenatal exposure to inorganic arsenic and salivary cortisol were not associated. (aaem.pl)
Valdés M. Prenatal exposure to low-level inorganic arsenic concentrations associated with salivary cortisol in infants from Arica, Chile. (aaem.pl)
Findings from studies of prenatal exposure to pesticides and adverse birth outcomes have been equivocal so far. (mdpi.com)
We examined prenatal exposure to agricultural pesticides in relation to preterm birth and term low birthweight, respectively, in children born between 1998 and 2010, randomly selected from California birth records. (mdpi.com)

This approach can help us identify and prioritize a broader range of chemical exposures in the human population. (healthandenvironment.org)

A meta-analysis yields a quantitative effect estimate, such as the strength of the association between an exposure and an outcome. (nih.gov)
Scientists estimate exposures-such as pesticide exposure-for each residence by calculating how much area each relevant land usage type covers within the different buffer zones. (cancer.gov)
Studies of airborne fungi provide prevalence data that are important to estimate patients' exposures to molds. (medscape.com)
The food frequency questionnaire was combined with food, tobacco and water cadmium exposure to estimate the daily environmental cadmium exposure in both point and probabilistic estimations. (biomedcentral.com)

Further characterize the extent of dioxin exposure in the community. (cdc.gov)
Our approaches include using GIS and spatial-analytic methods to characterize exposure to environmental risk factors, incorporating space-time-activity information in exposure assessments, and employing biological and environmental measurements for exposure validation. (cancer.gov)
ii] Real-time, direct reading instruments were also used to characterize peak and short-term exposures to workers and various workplace areas for volatile organic compounds, benzene, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and flammable/explosive atmospheres. (cdc.gov)

The plausible pathways to support an association with exposure to particles include their potential to induce inflammatory responses, microglial activation, and production of reactive oxygen species, but also their potential to reach the brain directly via the olfactory bulb. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we found that prenatal exposures to airborne particles and the pollutant nitrogen dioxide adversely affect pulmonary function growth among asthmatic children between 6 and 15 years of age," said study lead author Amy Padula, PhD, post-doctoral fellow at the University of California, Berkeley. (eurekalert.org)
Moreover, much of the preclinical literature reports effects of concentrated ambient particles or diesel exhaust that do not recapitulate the complexity of real-world TRAP exposures. (nature.com)
Because fungus particles are commonly derived from wholly microscopic sources, exposure hazards are assessed by directly sampling a suspect atmosphere in most circumstances. (medscape.com)
Based on the particles dispersive distribution method, arc deposition was developed to produce high Ni austenite ductile iron. (atlantis-press.com)

Objectives Occupational pesticide exposure is associated with a wide range of diseases, including lung diseases, but it is largely unknown how pesticides influence airway disease pathogenesis. (bmj.com)
Associations between pesticide exposure and 420 938 methylation sites (CpGs) were assessed using robust linear regression adjusted for appropriate confounders. (bmj.com)
Several of the identified genes, for example, RYR1 , ALLC , PTPRN2 , LRRC3B , PAX2 and VTRNA2-1 , are genes previously linked to either pesticide exposure or lung-related diseases. (bmj.com)
Millions of workers worldwide are exposed daily to occupational pesticide exposure, but it is largely unknown how pesticides influence airway disease pathogenesis. (bmj.com)
Several studies 2- 8 and two reviews of epidemiological studies 9, 10 have suggested that household pesticide exposure may be associated with childhood leukaemia. (bmj.com)
Residential pesticide exposure has also been associated with other childhood cancers (lymphoma, brain tumour, neuroblastoma, Wilm's tumour, and Ewing's sarcoma). (bmj.com)
This paper analyses the relation between pesticide exposure and childhood acute leukaemia. (bmj.com)
To investigate the effect of pesticide exposure measured using indices of environmental exposure to pesticides on the pubertal growth of boys in rural WC, SA. (samj.org.za)
The use of quantitative exposure indices showed that lower heights and weights might be associated with pesticide exposure in farm boys v. non-farm boys, but not among farm boys. (samj.org.za)
Despite the fact that several cases of unsafe pesticide use among farmers in different parts of Africa have been documented, there is limited evidence regarding which specific interventions are effective in reducing pesticide exposure and associated risks to human health and ecology. (lu.se)

Phthalate exposure and female reproductive and developmental outcomes: a systematic review of the human epidemiological evidence. (nature.com)
Early Thimerosal exposure and neuropsychological outcomes at 7 to 10 years. (cdc.gov)
In 2007, CDC published the Infant and Environmental Exposures to Thimerosal and Neuropsychological Outcomes at Ages 7 to 10 Years study, which investigated possible associations between prenatal and early childhood exposure to thimerosal-containing vaccines and/or immunoglobulins and deficits in neuropsychological functioning. (cdc.gov)
These documents allow for a more complete presentation of methods and results than was possible within the space constraints of the scientific article, "Early thimerosal exposure and neuropsychological outcomes at 7 to 10 years" by Thompson et al. (cdc.gov)
In utero exposure to environmental chemicals can adversely impact pregnancy outcomes and childhood health. (healthandenvironment.org)
Exposure to selected TRAP components has been shown to cause various NDD-relevant outcomes in rodent models. (nature.com)
Assessing potential associations between exposures to complex mixtures and health outcomes may be complicated by a lack of knowledge of causal components of the mixture, highly correlated mixture components, potential synergistic effects of mixture components, and difficulties in measurement. (unc.edu)

Therefore, we assessed associations between occupational exposure to pesticides and genome-wide DNA methylation sites. (bmj.com)
Methods 1561 subjects of LifeLines were included with either no (n=1392), low (n=108) or high (n=61) exposure to any type of pesticides (estimated based on current or last held job). (bmj.com)
Conclusions We show for the first time that occupational exposure to pesticides is genome-wide associated with differential DNA methylation. (bmj.com)
To investigate the relation between childhood acute leukaemia and household exposure to pesticides. (bmj.com)
The indices of environmental exposure to pesticides require further development. (samj.org.za)
Epidemiological evidence on the effect of pesticides on pubertal growth is contradictory and has exclusively focused on environmental exposure of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). (samj.org.za)
A particularly high risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals is associated with the use of pesticides in agriculture, especially the use of organophosphorous pesticides (OP), which are the most widely and commonly used insecticides worldwide. (nih.gov)
The project was concluded with an international workshop in November 2021, where a broad range of topics relevant to occupational and environmental health risks were discussed such as acute poisoning, street pesticides, switching to alternatives, or disposal of empty pesticide containers. (lu.se)

Evaluate potential pathways for human exposure to dioxin from environmental and dietary sources. (cdc.gov)
The United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region VI, will develop activities to evaluate human exposure pathways to hazardous substances in the environment. (cdc.gov)
CDC's laboratory methods are intended to evaluate population exposures and to support states in situations considered a public health concern. (cdc.gov)
We conducted biological monitoring by collecting pre- and post-shift urine samples from flowback workers to evaluate exposure to benzene. (cdc.gov)
In addition, as part of our technical assistance to states, the FDA tests foods grown, raised, or produced in areas with known environmental contamination, to detect and evaluate potential contamination of human and animal food. (fda.gov)
Therefore, it was necessary to evaluate dietary cadmium exposure and its health risk for future policymaking on cadmium contamination prevention. (biomedcentral.com)
Assessors evaluate exposure to stressors and the relationship between stressor levels and ecological effects. (slideserve.com)

Collectively, these data indicate that exposure to real-world levels of TRAP during gestation and early postnatal development modulate neurodevelopment, corroborating epidemiological evidence of an association between TRAP exposure and increased risk of NDDs. (nature.com)
Her main research interests were the identification and evaluation of occupational and environmental causes of chronic diseases, through epidemiological research. (who.int)
Confirmation of a distinct MLVA pattern among STm isolates from clinical, food and environmental samples provided evidence to establish an epidemiological link between the cases and the implicated premises and informed public health action to contain the outbreak. (who.int)

2023. Methods for Assessing the Bioaccumulation of Hydrocarbons and Related Substances in Terrestrial Organisms: A Critical Review . (sfu.ca)
2023. Developing methods for assessing trophic magnification of perfluoroalkyl substances within an urban terrestrial avian food-web. (sfu.ca)

Please see the "Methods' Access" tab in the tables found after clicking on each of the listed chemicals for additional information regarding these methods. (cdc.gov)
This blog describes NIOSH evaluations of worker exposures to specific chemicals during oil and gas extraction flowback and production testing activities. (cdc.gov)
WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Assessing human health risks of chemicals: derivation of guidance values for health-based exposure limits. (inchem.org)
However, there is much we do not know about current exposures to industrial chemicals as current technology focuses on biomonitoring about 350 chemicals. (healthandenvironment.org)
Given that more than 30,000 pounds of chemicals are manufactured and imported for every American, we anticipate exposures to many more chemicals than we are measuring. (healthandenvironment.org)
To better understand human exposure to industrial chemicals, the Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment at UCSF used an innovative approach to screen for novel chemicals in pregnant women's blood. (healthandenvironment.org)
In biomonitoring, his laboratory specializes in developing targeted quantitative methods for measuring endocrine disrupting chemicals in various biological matrices. (healthandenvironment.org)

UK prevalences of domestic ETS exposure and maternal smoking in pregnancy remain high and ETS exposure lowers infants' birth weights. (nih.gov)
Among boys, nitrogen dioxide exposure during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy was associated with lower FVC growth. (eurekalert.org)
BACKGROUND: Pregnancy, infancy, and childhood are sensitive windows for environmental exposures. (lu.se)

Huang S, Qi Z, Ma S, Li G, Long C, Yu Y. A critical review on human internal exposure of phthalate metabolites and the associated health risks. (nature.com)
The limited data on occupational exposure suggests that the greatest risks for workers in the construction industry are likely to be from environmental dust and related air pollutants. (who.int)
This complexity and information gap can make it difficult to understand or predict where methylmercury exposure poses the greatest health risks. (usgs.gov)
The probabilistic model showed that 93.4% of the population did not have any health risks from dietary cadmium exposure. (biomedcentral.com)

The team has studied contaminant exposure pathways for numerous wildlife species, but in this article, the focus is on environmental mercury exposure in wild birds. (usgs.gov)
Some of the team's most recent contributions provide information on when and where methylmercury exposure occurs, pathways of contaminant bioaccumulation, and whether the exposure affects bird health. (usgs.gov)
Further study is needed to determine if and how mercury and other environmental contaminant exposures may affect disease susceptibility in wildlife. (usgs.gov)

Included are descriptions of initial exposure assessments , findings , and recommendations to reduce worker exposures to potential hazards. (cdc.gov)

ABSTRACT To meet the country's health goals for 2011-2016, a qualitative review of exposure to risk factors for cancer in Qatar was conducted in 2013. (who.int)

Extended monitoring of the composition of and human exposure to air pollutants is recommended. (who.int)
This analysis adds to the evidence that maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants can have persistent effects on lung function development in children with asthma. (eurekalert.org)
In 1970, the Clean Air Act Amendments set six criteria air pollutants which are updated periodically by the National Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (wikipedia.org)

Low pathogenic avian influenza infections were directly correlated with blood mercury concentrations in wild waterfowl, indicating that mercury exposure may be related to pathogen susceptibility. (usgs.gov)
Traditionally exposure is estimated based on outdoor concentrations at the residential address. (wikipedia.org)
These findings will facilitate the acquisition of inhalable microplastic concentrations, which are necessary for understanding microplastic exposure and, ultimately, what their potential role in PM-associated health effects might be. (acs.org)

Once the risk of hazardous exposure has been identified and the mechanism of toxic eff ects has been elucidated, an ultimate decision about how to reduce exposure can be made. (nih.gov)
Reduce human exposures to dioxin from significant exposure pathways that are identified. (cdc.gov)

Benzene metabolites found in a worker's urine indicate some level of exposure during the work shift. (cdc.gov)
Chemical measurements, analytical methods development, Measurement of chemical contaminants, metabolites in biological and environmental matrices. (rutgers.edu)

Evidence synthesis (or evidence integration) is widely used to summarize findings of epidemiologic studies of environmental and occupational exposures. (nih.gov)
They use explicit, systematic methods that are selected with a view aimed at minimizing bias, to produce more reliable findings to inform decision making" ( https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews ). (nih.gov)
Meta-analyses of studies investigating the impact of maternal environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on birth weight have not produced robust findings. (nih.gov)

This study was designed to improve upon previous studies that assessed the possible association between ethyl mercury exposure from thimerosal-containing vaccines and neuropsychological functioning including an objective measurement of neuropsychological functioning. (cdc.gov)
Environmental Carcinogen Method of Analysis and Exposure Measurement 299-342 (1991). (cdc.gov)
Proposals submitted under this call should address relevant environmental matrices and develop suitable techniques for measurement. (cefic-lri.org)
Environmental carcinogens : methods of analysis and exposure measurement. (who.int)

NIOSH recommends that occupational exposures to carcinogens be limited to the lowest feasible concentration). (cdc.gov)

The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Ecologically-Driven Exposure Pathways Team , with partners from academia, industry, and tribal, State, and Federal agencies, provides tools to facilitate understanding of mercury and other toxicant exposure and effects on birds and other wildlife. (usgs.gov)
Beyond the environmental pathways and drivers of mercury exposure, how a bird takes in, processes, and excretes contaminants influences exposure and potential effects. (usgs.gov)

Occupational exposure to acrylamine, because of systemic effects and dermal irritation produced by contact with acrylamide , is defined as work in an area where acrylamide is stored, produced, processed, or used. (cdc.gov)
Mathematical modeling of environmental and biological systems, ingestion and dermal absorption dosimetry, Enviroinformatics, cheminformatics and bioinformatics. (rutgers.edu)

Compared to no ante natal tobacco smoke exposure, domestic ETS lowered infants' adjusted mean birth weights by 36 g (95% CI, 5 g to 67 g) and this effect showed a dose-response relationship. (nih.gov)
cessation, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), media and advertising, young's people access and the school curriculum. (who.int)
The major variables mentioned above.were prevalence, knowledge and attitudes, access and availability, environmental tobacco smoke, cessation, media and advertising and school. (who.int)
Exposure to advertising is high (75% of students had seen pro-tobacco ads), and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is very high in all countries. (bmj.com)

NIOSH exposure assessments included short-term and full-shift personal breathing zone and area air sampling for exposures to benzene and other hydrocarbons using standard methods and analyses listed in the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods. (cdc.gov)

Martinez EJ, Kolb BL, Bell A, Savage DD, Allan AM. Moderate perinatal arsenic exposure alters neuroendocrine markers associated with depression and increases depressive-like behaviors in adult mouse offspring. (aaem.pl)

Fifteen of these 17 samples exceeded the NIOSH recommended exposure limit (REL) of 0.1 ppm (0.32 mg/m 3 )[vi]. (cdc.gov)
vii] Task-based personal breathing zone samples for benzene collected during tank gauging on flowback tanks exceeded the NIOSH short-term exposure limit (STEL) for benzene (1 ppm as a 15-minute TWA). (cdc.gov)

To examine the association between exposure to phthalates individually or as a mixture and early miscarriage. (nature.com)
To examine whether these methods impact portfolio exposures we compare them to non-ESG actively managed funds. (northerntrust.com)

We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional seroepidemiologic study in Peru to determine potential relationships of environmental context to human exposure to Leptospira and disease associated with seroconversion. (cdc.gov)
Human exposure to Leptospira in the Iquitos region is high, likely related both to the ubiquity of leptospires in the environment and human behavior conducive to transmission from infected zoonotic sources. (cdc.gov)
Our objective was to determine potential relationships of environmental context to human exposure to Leptospira . (cdc.gov)
Human biomonitoring provides an efficient and cost-effective way to identify and quantify exposure to chemical substances, including those having deleterious eff ects on human organisms. (nih.gov)
There is a growing awareness of the need to record personal environmental conditions ("the human exposome") and to study options and implications of adaptive and protective behavior of individuals. (springer.com)
We investigate how individual, social, biological and environmental factors affect human development, health and well-being across the lifespan. (sfu.ca)
Exposure to molds can cause human disease through several well-defined mechanisms. (medscape.com)

The purpose of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey GYTS is to collect data on the level of tobacco use, age at initiation of cigarette use, the levels of susceptibility to become cigarette smokers, exposure to tobacco advertising and to identifying intervening variables such as attitudes and beliefs on behavioural norms with regard to tobacco use which can be used in to inform prevention and control programmes. (who.int)

We included 534 women in the main analysis who had available data on both phthalates exposure and complete information on potential confounders. (nature.com)
There is potential for exposures to total dust greater than the OSHA limit during all CI application operations. (elcosh.org)
In order to determine the potential ecotoxicological effects of ENPs in environmentally relevant conditions, it is necessary to understand their routes of release and subsequent behaviour and bioavailability in environmental matrices. (cefic-lri.org)

There is a trend towards studies that involve various environmental parameters and it is becoming increasingly important to identify and quantify the influence of various conditions (e.g., weather, urban structure, travel mode) on people's exposure. (springer.com)

Acrolein is included in the priority list of hazardous substances identified by ATSDR and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (ATSDR 2008a, 2008b). (cdc.gov)

ATSDR (Division of Health Studies) will review both the dioxin data and further environmental characterization data to determine if a more extensive exposure investigation or a health study follow-up is appropriate. (cdc.gov)
Long-term health implications of DOSS exposure through multiple routes are under further investigation. (nist.gov)

I will in this paper discuss how Lidman here gives a secular reading to the Christian theme of original sin, and how this reading (in line with Lidman's intent), can be used to make sense of our complex moral relation to the environmental consequences of modernity. (lu.se)

Urine and blood samples of the participants were analyzed for internal exposure to total cadmium. (biomedcentral.com)

Thought you might appreciate this item(s) I saw in Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. (lww.com)
ATSDR (Division of Health Education and Promotion) facilitated access to an Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics (AOEC) environmental medical expert in dioxin to review medical information for the 28 EI participants and determine the next clinical steps for these individuals. (cdc.gov)

and c ) a method to synthesize evidence across studies (which sometimes includes a meta-analysis). (nih.gov)
In the present study, we investigated the effects of Cd exposure on microbiota and serum metabolism in rats by omics analysis. (frontiersin.org)
This study is a follow-up study to the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) thimerosal screening analysis, and addresses inconsistent results from that screening study regarding associations between neuropsychological delays and thimerosal exposure. (cdc.gov)
He divides his time in three research areas: environmental biomonitoring, new psychoactive substance analysis and surveillance, and MDR-TB therapeutic drug monitoring. (healthandenvironment.org)
His laboratory has also pioneered the development of suspect screening analysis of environmental organic acids in serum using liquid chromatography- quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. (healthandenvironment.org)
Researchers will learn scRNASeq data analysis methods (gene expression, cluster, regulatory network, master regulator) used in health studies, emphasizing single cell data collection and analysis. (columbia.edu)
Environmental health researchers will learn to use GIS programs and demographic data for health data visualization, geo-processing, cluster analysis and relationship identification in this training. (columbia.edu)
Correlation analysis was conducted between the internal cadmium exposure and environmental cadmium exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
By sensitivity analysis, tobacco consumption, tobacco cadmium level, cadmium in vegetables and cadmium in rice accounted for 27.5%, 24.9%, 20.2% and 14.6% of the total cadmium exposure, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
The bakery was inspected and 48 environmental and food swabs were collected for analysis. (who.int)

Environmental exposure to cadmium causes renal dysfunction and bone damage. (biomedcentral.com)
Cadmium contamination in food is regarded as the main environmental source of non-occupational exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
According to the point estimation, average daily environmental cadmium exposure of the participants was 16.7 μg/day and approached 33.8% of the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI). (biomedcentral.com)
Dietary and tobacco cadmium exposure approached 25.8% and 7.9% of the PTDI, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Males had higher levels of dietary cadmium exposure than females (p? (biomedcentral.com)
Positive correlations were observed between environmental cadmium exposure and blood cadmium (R? (biomedcentral.com)
It has been suggested that there is no increased health risk among adult residents in Shanghai, China because of recent total cadmium exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Tobacco cadmium exposure, which accounted for approximately 25% of the total dietary cadmium exposure, was another important source of non-occupational cadmium exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Cadmium contamination is a major environmental health problem, and is potentially harmful to the broader population through the food chain [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent studies have shown that dietary cadmium exposure is associated with the development of postmenopausal breast cancer in women [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
As reported, food is the main source of cadmium exposure for the non-occupationally exposed population (WHO 1992). (biomedcentral.com)

We used data on average population-weighted exposure to ambient PM 2.5 for the entire population of Sweden above 30 years of age. (biomedcentral.com)
The identified priority data needs reflect the opinion of the Agency, in consultation with other federal programs, of the research necessary for fulfilling its statutory mandate under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (Superfund) or CERCLA. (cdc.gov)
Exposure Data Needs. (cdc.gov)
environmental data and engineering controls. (cdc.gov)
Such studies may use Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and regulatory and other environmental monitoring data to complement retrospective surveys, which are sometimes limited by participants' knowledge of exposures in their surrounding environments. (cancer.gov)
Cancer studies have benefited from the increasing availability of historical air and water monitoring data, satellite imagery, census, and other geographic datasets that allow for reconstruction of residence- and other location-based exposures over a substantial portion of a person's lifetime. (cancer.gov)
The vast progress in smart technologies created wearable sensors that record environmental as well as spatio-temporal data while accompanying a person. (springer.com)
The methods are used to shed light on data from a study of endometriosis and exposure to environmental polychlorinated biphenyl congeners. (unc.edu)
On the other hand there are data to suggest that some components of environmental matrices such as fulvic or humic acids stabilise individual ENPs in water. (cefic-lri.org)
Risk of environmental impact of ebastine cannot be excluded, since no ecotoxicity data is available. (janusinfo.se)

Farzan SF, Chen Y, Rees JR, Zens MS, Karagas MR. Risk of death from cardiovascular disease associated with low-level arsenic exposure among long-term smokers in a US population-based study. (aaem.pl)
Studies determined to be relevant will be extracted for population , exposure, and outcome information. (bvsalud.org)

Transmission of Leptospira and the clinical expression of leptospirosis seem to vary in different environmental and socioeconomic contexts. (cdc.gov)

We review the strengths and limitations of risk of bias assessments, in particular, for reviews of observational studies of environmental exposures, and we also comment more generally on methods of evidence synthesis. (nih.gov)
This work addresses important epidemiologic considerations in geography-based environmental exposure assessments, including residential mobility, positional error, and the challenges of extrapolation over space and time. (cancer.gov)

Anatomy7

Organisms7

Diseases32

Chemicals and Drugs64

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment44

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes32

Disciplines and Occupations11

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena7

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science7

Named Groups7

Health Care70

Geographicals24

Pollution23

Assessment14

Toxicity9

Epidemiology5

Early life exposures2

Humans6

Inhalation3

Assess9

Toxicology5

Prenatal exposure6

Chemical exposures1

Estimate4

Characterize3

Particles5

Pesticide exposure10

Outcomes7

Pesticides8

Evaluate7

Epidemiological3

20232

Chemicals7

Pregnancy3

Risks4

Contaminant3

Hazards1

Abstract1

Pollutants3

Concentrations3

Reduce2

Metabolites2

Findings3

Measurement4

Carcinogens1

Pathways2

Dermal2

Tobacco smoke4

Analytical1

Alters1

NIOSH2

Examine2

Human7

Susceptibility1

Potential3

Identify and quantify1

Hazardous1

Investigation2

Relation1

Internal exposure1

Occupational and environmental2

Analysis10

Cadmium11

Data10

Population2

Clinical1

Assessments2