Metastasis associated retinoblastoma protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

Deep RNA-DNA, RNA-protein interaction studies, and phenotype rescue analyses reveal that LETR1 is a nuclear trans-acting lncRNA modulating, via key epigenetic factors, the expression of essential target genes, including KLF4 and SEMA3C , governing the growth and migratory ability of LECs. (nature.com)
Genetic studies have clarified that most microcephaly genes encode ubiquitous proteins involved in mitosis and in maintenance of genomic stability, but the effects of their inactivation are particularly strong in neural progenitors. (cancerindex.org)
Laryngeal squamous papilloma larynx treatment histopathology HPV-infected cells express some viral proteins encoded by genes called E6 and E7, papilloma of larynx pathology can inactivate p53 protein and the retinoblastoma-type pro-tein Squamous papilloma larynx treatment involved in the regulation of proliferation and cell death. (stamincasaliga1.ro)
Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
Transcription factors are proteins that regulate the transcription of genes, or the production of mRNA from DNA. (biolegend.com)

Oncotarget published " Piperlongumine promotes death of retinoblastoma cancer cells " which reported that while retinoblastoma initiation is triggered by the inactivation of both alleles of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene in the developing retina, tumor progression requires additional epigenetic changes, retinoblastoma genomes being quite stable. (oncotarget.com)
A multi-step model for the progression of normal retina to retinoblastoma has been proposed, the first step being the inactivation of both alleles of the tumor suppressor gene RB1 in the developing retina. (oncotarget.com)
Tumorigenesis in retinoblastoma is due to inactivation of both alleles of the RB susceptibility gene RB1.6,7 RB1 is a tumor suppressor gene whose deletion or mutation causes unregulated proliferation of embryonal retinal cells. (paojournal.com)

Sufferers of the former were over six times more likely to develop other types of cancer later in life, compared to individuals with sporadic retinoblastoma. (wikipedia.org)
This explains why sufferers of sporadic retinoblastoma are not at increased risk of cancers later in life, as both alleles are functional in all their other cells. (wikipedia.org)

Pet dogs naturally develop osteosarcoma providing a novel opportunity to model metastasis development and progression. (biomedcentral.com)
10 Under normal circumstances, the p16 protein can inhibit cell cycle progression by restraining the retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation during the gap 1 and synthetic phases of the cell cycle. (rmmj.org.il)
Our results provide novel insights into the function of EBNA3C on cell progression by regulating the cyclin D2 protein and raise the possibility of the development of new anticancer therapies against EBV-associated cancers. (cusabio.cn)
Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)
The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)

A series of 76 cases of gastrointestinal tract endocrine tumors, including 21 poorly differentiated endocrine carcinomas (PDECs, small cell carcinomas) and 55 well-differentiated endocrine neoplasms (WDENs, carcinoids), 18 metastatic and 37 nonmetastatic rectal carcinoids, were examined by immunohistochemical analysis for p16 INK4a , cyclin D1, and retinoblastoma protein (pRB) expression. (nycu.edu.tw)
The p16 INK4a /cyclin D1/pRB pathway was altered in gastrointestinal tract endocrine tumors, and the loss of expression of pRB may be helpful in identifying patients at high risk of metastasis in rectal WDENs. (nycu.edu.tw)
Although the survival rate of patients with retinoblastoma is extremely high in developed countries, left untreated advanced tumors limit eye preservation and expose patients to risks of metastasis and death. (oncotarget.com)
Although the general role of Id2 proteins has been considered pro-growth and anti-differentiation in various human tumors [ 13 - 15 ], their role in modulating invasion and metastasis of some specific tumor cells remain to be investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Bilateral tumors occur in about two thirds of patients with familial retinoblastoma. (entokey.com)
The presence of bilateral tumors indicates that the affected patient is a carrier of familial retinoblastoma who can transmit the tumor to progeny. (entokey.com)

Retinoblastoma is the most common primary ocular malignancy (eye cancer) of childhood. (medscape.com)
He wrote of a malignancy invading the orbit, the temporal region, and the cranium, a picture now strongly suggestive of untreated retinoblastoma. (medscape.com)
Retinoblastoma is the most frequent intraocular malignancy in children, originating from a maturing cone precursor in the developing retina. (nih.gov)

pRb is a multifunctional protein with many binding and phosphorylation sites. (wikipedia.org)
Within each domain, there are a variety of protein binding sites, as well as a total of 15 possible phosphorylation sites. (wikipedia.org)
Generally, phosphorylation causes interdomain locking, which changes pRb's conformation and prevents binding to target proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Vimentin phosphorylation by a protein kinase causes the breakdown of intermediate filaments and activation of an ATP and myosin light chain dependent contractile event. (thermofisher.com)
Here DARPP-32 phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA), DARPP-32 into a powerful protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) inhibitor. (pp1a.com)

Association of cyclin D1, p16 and retinoblastoma protein expressions with prognosis and metastasis of gallbladder carcinoma. (cdc.gov)
TGF-P has been shown to inhibit cyclin dependent kinase activity, which leads to activation of the retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and growth arrest. (uwo.ca)
Regulatory component of the cyclin D2-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. (cusabio.cn)
cyclin D2 acts as regulator of cell cycle proteins affecting SAMHD1-mediated HIV-1 restriction in non-proliferating macrophages. (cusabio.cn)
Both CCND1- and CCND2-expressing MM cells arrested in S/G2/M, and did not differ in other cell-cycle proteins or sensitivity to IR.Differential expression of D-cyclin does not appear to affect cell-cycle response to IR, and is unlikely to underlie differential sensitivity to DNA damage. (cusabio.cn)

The retinoblastoma protein plays a critical role in suppressing the multi-step process of cell migration through the bloodstream, lymphovascular invasion and the metastasis of an aggressive type of breast cancer to the lung, researchers have found. (sciencedaily.com)
The retinoblastoma (Rb) protein plays a critical role in suppressing the multi-step process of cell migration through the bloodstream, lymphovascular invasion and the metastasis of an aggressive type of breast cancer to the lung, researchers at the University of Cincinnati (UC) Cancer Institute, the Cincinnati Cancer Center (CCC) and the UC Brain Tumor Center have found. (sciencedaily.com)
Our research suggests that Rb inhibits collective cell migration, which in turn inhibits the lymphovascular invasion, the release of cancer cells into the blood circulation and the growth of metastasis," says Samuel Godar, PhD, who led the study while an assistant professor in the Department of Cancer Biology. (sciencedaily.com)
Its prominent properties are A lack of cell differentiation Local invasion of adjoining tissue Metastasis, which is spread to distant sites through. (msdmanuals.com)
In addition, it has been implicated in the suppression of cancer cell invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)

Ample evidence supports a key role for MDSCs in immune suppression in cancer, as well as their prominent role in tumor angiogenesis, drug resistance, and promotion of tumor metastases. (aacrjournals.org)
These are as follows: sustained proliferative signalling, cell death resistance, replicative immortality, genome instability and increased mutations, tumour-promoted inflammation, insensibility to growth repressors, deregulation of cellular energetics, evasion of immune destruction, induction of metastasis, and promotion of angiogenesis. (hindawi.com)

To better understand their various functions, we study jnk1 and jnk2 in mammary gland development, mammary tumorigenesis/metastases, and response to chemotherapy treatment. (utexas.edu)
We have found that in response to activation of RTKs, JNKs play critical roles in tumorigenesis, DNA damage, cell migration, and metastasis. (utexas.edu)

Unlike prostatic adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma of the prostate may present with metastases in up to 25% of patients. (medscape.com)
Other markers, such as retinoblastoma and p53, may be related with early steps of carcinogenesis in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)

Explore our comprehensive collection of recombinant Fc receptor proteins! (acrobiosystems.com)
Our scientists have developed a wide array of stem cell-focused reagents and resources for many applications including flow cytometry , western blotting , ELISAs , and recombinant proteins for cell differentiation. (biolegend.com)

Treatment with magrolimab induces CD47 blockade resulting in significantly decreased primary tumor growth, decreased lung metastasis and prolonged animal survival in the established humanized model. (bvsalud.org)
Our results indicate that miR-4317 can reduce Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell growth and metastasis by targeting FGF9 and CCND2. (cusabio.cn)

Accordingly, we review data on the influence of vitamin D in the development of normal breast and the expression of vitamin D-related proteins (VDR, CYP27B1 and CYP24A21) in benign mammary lesions and ductal carcinomas in situ . (biomedcentral.com)

the protein level but not mRNA level was further increased by transfection with the degradation-resistant Id2 form. (biomedcentral.com)

Inhibitor of differentiation 2 (Id2) is one of the four members of the Id protein family [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)

Should an oncogenic protein, such as those produced by cells infected by high-risk types of human papillomavirus, bind and inactivate pRb, this can lead to cancer. (wikipedia.org)
[ 10 ] The major importance of this discovery is the idea that retinoblastoma can arise from fully matured nerves in the retina called horizontal interneurons, disproving the long-held scientific principle that fully formed, mature nerves cannot multiply like young immature cells. (medscape.com)
Differential Expression of Multiple Disease-Related Protein Groups Induced by Valproic Acid in Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
Recent work has shown that these proteins are also involved in hormonal regulation of breast cancer cells. (ucsc.edu)
The multifunctional nuclear protein large T-antigen was detectable by immunohistochemical analyses in a subset of neoplastic cells. (cdc.gov)
Vimentin is a developmentally regulated intermediate filament protein (IFP) found in cells of mesenchymal origin. (thermofisher.com)
This study found an increase in excess GR transcriptional activity of protein phosphatase 1 alpha (PP1α) in HEK-293 cells and a decrease in the expression levels of GR-responsive gene knockdown following PP1α model A549 cells endogenously . (pp1a.com)
Changes in the redox state of cells affect proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids in different ways. (hindawi.com)
Our results demonstrate that tumor growth, peritoneal dissemination and peritoneum or organ metastasis implanted MKN45 cells were significantly decreased in shAhR and Biseugenol-treated mice and that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was caused. (oncotarget.com)
Although most circulating cancer cells die, an occasional cell may penetrate into tissues, generating a metastasis at a distant site. (msdmanuals.com)
Experiments suggest that the abilities to invade, migrate, and successfully implant and stimulate new blood vessel growth are all important properties of the cells that cause metastases, which are likely a subpopulation of the primary cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
Hence, the molecular events that contribute to the increased motility of tumor cells has become important for understanding tumor metastasis as well as for targets for potential therapeutic intervention in human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Neural factors are a class of protein molecules with neurotrophic activity that can promote the survival and regeneration of nerve cells. (acrobiosystems.com)
Some eyes with endophytic or diffuse infultrative retinoblastomas develop pseudohyppyons of tumor cells in the anterior chamber. (entokey.com)
Macroscopically, retinoblastoma has a white encephaloid or brainlike appearance, which is not surprising since the tumor arises from the retina, a peripheral colony of brain cells (Fig. 12-3 ). (entokey.com)
Within the brain, the protein is involved in the development of specialized cells that process smell. (biolegend.com)

Tumor dormancy can lead to tumor recurrence locally or to metastasis at a distant site. (biomedcentral.com)

This is a rare subtype comprising 1.5% of all retinoblastomas. (medscape.com)
The cone dedifferentiation in subtype 2 is associated with stemness features including low immune and interferon response, E2F and MYC/MYCN activation and a higher propensity for metastasis. (nih.gov)

Two forms of retinoblastoma were noticed: a bilateral, familial form and a unilateral, sporadic form. (wikipedia.org)
B. Bilateral leukocoria, familial retinoblastoma . (entokey.com)

The recognition of these two subtypes, one maintaining a cone-differentiated state, and the other, more aggressive, associated with cone dedifferentiation and expression of neuronal markers, opens up important biological and clinical perspectives for retinoblastomas. (nih.gov)
In carcinomas, the metastasis is thought to be a complex biological process. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein markers are an essential component in biological research and drug development. (acrobiosystems.com)

It also interacts with retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor protein and this complex is a key element in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
To study the correlation between the putative cancer stem cell (CSC) markers aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), and octamer-binding protein 4 (OCT4) and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection using p16, the surrogate marker of HPV in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and normal mucosa. (rmmj.org.il)
STAT3 protein belongs to a group of intracellular transcription factors that mediate a variety of functions such as cellular differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. (biolegend.com)
Another protein, calgranulin A (Cal A), is involved in the regulation of several cell processes, including the cell cycle and cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)

B ) The content of FOXM1 was determined in three healthy mouse retina (HR) and in five primary mouse retinoblastoma (PT) by western blot analysis. (oncotarget.com)
Exophytic retinoblastomas arise from the outer layers of the retina and cause retinal detachment. (entokey.com)
Endophytic retinoblastomas arise from the inner layers of the retina, which remains attached. (entokey.com)
Exophytic retinoblastomas arise from the outer layers of the retina and cause retinal detachment (Fig. 12-3B , C ). The detached retina is often highly elevated, and its vessels are visible behind the lens on clinical examination. (entokey.com)

The effects of POP inhibition and knockdown on the proliferation of cultured human estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) MCF7 and T47D, and ER-negative (ER-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and the MCF12A non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line were tested by analyzing their influence on cell proliferation (WST-1 assay), cell viability (trypan blue exclusion assay), and cell cycle arrest (cell cycle analysis, cell cycle regulator proteins expression). (cancerindex.org)
Further understanding of the mechanisms of metastasis and resistance for this aggressive pediatric cancer is necessary. (biomedcentral.com)
Given the accelerated biology of canine osteosarcoma, we hypothesized that a direct comparison of canine and pediatric osteosarcoma expression profiles may help identify novel metastasis-associated tumor targets that have been missed through the study of the human cancer alone. (biomedcentral.com)
This review describes recent advances in the role of human HMGB proteins and other proteins interacting with them, in cancerous processes related to oxidative stress, with special reference to ovarian and prostate cancer. (hindawi.com)
Papilloma Larynx Solitary hpv wart squamous papilloma larynx treatment Papilloma on base of tongue hpv papiloma tratamento, intraductal papilloma surgery complications cancer colorectal metastasis. (stamincasaliga1.ro)
We focus on a group of proteins known as JNK (c-Jun N-terminal Kinases) which are activated by receptor tyrosine kinases in breast cancer models. (utexas.edu)
In this study, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression was associated with lymph node and distant metastasis in patients with gastric cancer and was correlated with clinicolpathological pattern. (oncotarget.com)
Metastases grow in much the same manner as the primary cancer and may subsequently give rise to other metastases. (msdmanuals.com)
Most patients with cancer die from metastases rather than the primary cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
Tumor metastasis is the highest cause of death in cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
High CCND2 expression is associated with Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. (cusabio.cn)
Metastasis: The spread of cancer to other parts of the body. (studylib.net)

The most widely held concept of histogenesis of retinoblastoma holds that it generally arises from a multipotential precursor cell (mutation in the long arm of chromosome 13 band 13q14) that could develop into almost any type of inner or outer retinal cell. (medscape.com)

Together with metastasis-associated protein-2, it deacetylates p53 and modulates its effect on cell growth and apoptosis. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
This protein promotes the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, thereby playing a role in cell migration and growth. (cancerindex.org)

It is believed to be involved with the intracellular transport of proteins between the nucleus and plasma membrane. (thermofisher.com)

Overexpression of the p16INK4a protein can act as a surrogate biomarker of HPV-induced carcinomas. (rmmj.org.il)

pRb binds and inhibits E2 promoter-binding-protein-dimerization partner (E2F-DP) dimers, which are transcription factors of the E2F family that push the cell into S phase. (wikipedia.org)

The pRb-E2F/DP complex also attracts a histone deacetylase (HDAC) protein to the chromatin, reducing transcription of S phase promoting factors, further suppressing DNA synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the histone deacetylase/acuc/apha family and is a component of the histone deacetylase complex. (anticorps-enligne.fr)

This test can rule out 'skip metastases' (spread of the tumor to other areas of the bone). (sarcomahelp.org)

Hinck's lab has identified a family of cellular proteins that help regulate cell proliferation and migration and act as breast tumor suppressors. (ucsc.edu)
The mutant proteins often retain some of their capabilities but are no longer sensitive to the controls that regulate the normal form of the protein. (cancerquest.org)

Indeed, PL toxicity in retinoblastoma cell lines was inhibited by a ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine treatment. (oncotarget.com)

All 27 exons contribute to the 2.7 kb open reading frame which codes for a 110 KDa nuclear phosphoprotein known as pRB.8 pRB functions as a regulator of cellular replication.9 Any mutation in exons 13-21 of the RB1 gene, which code for the functional domain of the protein, will result in reduced function of pRB. (paojournal.com)
Whether the mutation translates into a pRB protein product that is either totally absent, present but with total loss of function, or abnormal but with some residual function, determine the severity of the disease. (paojournal.com)

Necrotic retinoblastomas found in infants with aseptic orbital cellulitis typically have a blood-tinged, orange, or soupy, grayish necrotic appearance. (entokey.com)

Rb , or retinoblastoma protein, is a key regulator of the cell cycle, particularly during the transition from the G1 to S phases. (biolegend.com)
The encoded protein contains two different binding sites that are known to bind DNA and function as a regulator of gene transcription. (biolegend.com)

Advances are needed in our understanding of metastasis biology and therapy to improve outcomes for patients. (biomedcentral.com)
We initiated this study to detect and characterize the RB1 gene mutations in tumor samples collected from Filipino patients with retinoblastoma. (paojournal.com)
About 90% of patients with retinoblastoma in the United States present with a white pupillary reflex. (entokey.com)

Validation of IL-8 and SLC1A3 protein expression in pediatric osteosarcoma tissues further supported the potential value of these novel targets. (biomedcentral.com)

Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
E-cadherin protein expression and transactivation of the proximal E-cadherin promoter were markedly suppressed by the degradation-resistant full-length or HLH-deleted Id2 but not wild-type Id2. (biomedcentral.com)
Two proteins have been implicated in expression-independent vitamin D action: membrane VDR and the membrane-associated rapid response steroid binding (1,25D 3 -MARRS) protein. (biomedcentral.com)

Although its common function is seen as binding and repressing E2F targets, pRb is likely a multifunctional protein as it binds to at least 100 other proteins. (wikipedia.org)

Whether it is for protein electrophoresis or western blot, our pre-stained protein markers help you quickly determine the molecular weight of the target protein or evaluate the transfer efficiency. (acrobiosystems.com)

MiR-497 significantly suppressed cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle through the CCND2 protein. (cusabio.cn)

In humans, the protein is encoded by the RB1 gene located on chromosome 13-more specifically, 13q14.1-q14.2. (wikipedia.org)
This gene is located in a cluster of closely related salivary proline-rich proteins on chromosome 12. (cancerindex.org)

FOXM1 protein level was determined by western blot experiment. (oncotarget.com)
Protein levels of Id2 and its mutants and E-cadherin were determined by western blot analysis and mRNA levels of Id2 and its mutants were determined by RT-PCR. (biomedcentral.com)

For this reason, careful ophthalmoscopy should be performed on all children with strabismus to exclude retinoblastoma or some other significant retinal pathology. (entokey.com)
Macrophoto of enucleated eye with exophytic retinoblastoma shows encephaloid tumor in subretinal space and total bullous retinal detachment, which adheres to the back of the lens. (entokey.com)
D. Retinal vessels are visible behind lens in eyes with exophytic retinoblastoma. (entokey.com)

Anatomy18

Organisms9

Diseases44

Chemicals and Drugs92

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment41

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science5

Health Care8

Genes6

Inactivation of both alleles3

Sporadic retinoblastoma2

Progression5

Tumors6

Malignancy3

Phosphorylation5

Cyclin5

Invasion5

Angiogenesis2

Tumorigenesis2

Carcinoma2

Recombinant2

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Cells16

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Retina4

Cancer12

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Intracellular1

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Transcription factors1

Histone deacetylase2

Skip1

Regulate2

Toxicity1

Mutation2

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Regulator2

Patients3

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Expression3

Targets1

Markers1

Significantly1

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Retinal3