• Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a powerful tool that allows direct quantification of metabolites in tissue or areas of interest. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Several imaging modalities have been used in liver fat assessment, including ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Among these imaging modalities, MRS has shown high accuracy in liver fat quantification with safe, noninvasive, and reproducible results [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Quantification of metabolite or drug concentrations in living tissues requires determination of intra- and extracellular volumes. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • As the peak intensity depends on the acquisition and processing parameters, no absolute metabolite quantification was attempted. (fortunepublish.com)
  • Along the years many fitting methods have been employed for the so-called "metabolite quantification" problem. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Single voxel proton spectroscopy (SVS) allows absolute quantification of Glu and glutamine (Gln) (Glu + Gln = Glx), phosphorylcholine plus glycerylphosphorylcholine (total choline: t-Cho), N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cre), and myo-inositol (mI). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The algorithm for assessing radio protective potential of plant extracts and natural products was assessed via some target in vitro and in vivo tests and clinical trials. (europa.eu)
  • Consequently, staphylococci have been studied extensively both in vitro and in vivo with special focus on resistance and virulence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite countless in vitro and in vivo research on these amino acids' activities, many fundamental concerns about their metabolic function in different brain areas and pathophysiological conditions remain unanswered. (edu.au)
  • MRS can be used to determine the relative concentrations and physical properties of a variety of biochemicals frequently referred to as "metabolites" due to their role in metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vitro spectra from CDR patients showed elevated PE and PC, mirroring the in vivo changes in PME, but reduced GPE and GPC concentrations were observed, at variance with the in vivo PDE findings. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Because small alterations in enzyme concentrations or activities can cause large changes in overall metabolite levels, the metabolome can be regarded as the amplified output of a biological system. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Researchers are investigating alterations in the steady state concentrations of metabolites that reflect amplified changes in genetic control of metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Comparisons between metabolite concentrations from individual animals clearly distinguished HD transgenics from non-diseased littermates and identified possible markers of disease progression. (umn.edu)
  • MR signals from tissue volumes of less than 1 ml and metabolite concentrations below 1 mM can be detected. (uu.nl)
  • Beyond the sole determination of brain metabolite concentrations by proton spectroscopy ( Figure 1 ), our group develops imaging methods based on CEST effect ('Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer', Figure 2 ), in order to map with a good spatial resolution the distribution of some endogenous metabolite such as glutamate (which is involved in both energy metabolism and neurotransmission). (cea.fr)
  • Next, the 1H NMR spectra were numerically analyzed by three specialists using dedicated software written in Processing and the concentrations of more than 20 metabolites were extracted and averaged. (sogr.ro)
  • 31P NMR spectra of rat liver extracts (8.7 T) suggested that increased concentrations of glycerophosphocoline and possibly glycerophosphoethanolamine were responsible for rising PDE levels in vivo. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), also known as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, is a non-invasive, ionizing-radiation-free analytical technique that has been used to study metabolic changes in brain tumors, strokes, seizure disorders, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and other diseases affecting the brain. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most popular approaches for metabolomics involve gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we characterized the staphylococcal transcriptome in vivo and the joint fluid metabolome in a prosthetic joint infection with an acute presentation using deep RNA sequencing and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy we analyzed the metabolites in the joint fluid and in culture supernatants in order to determine the biochemical composition of the environments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using the property of atomic nuclear spin, this technique provides real-time information on cardiac metabolite composition, including creatine content. (ox.ac.uk)
  • For the non-invasive detection of these neurometabolites, the SVS magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) technique uses the nuclear magnetic resonance properties of protons to generate a frequency spectrum in which various metabolites can be identified and quantified by their chemical shift along the frequency axis [ 50 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2. L. H. Piette and W. A. Anderson: Potential Energy Barrier Determinations for Some Alkyl Nitrites by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. (rockychem.com)
  • In this field, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy approach has already been used to uncover (in)fertility biomarkers in the seminal plasma (SP) of several mammalian species. (uab.cat)
  • The research report covers the global nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer market value for a period ranging during 2012 to 2025. (marketersmedia.com)
  • The global nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer market size is projected to be worth USD 2.7 billion by 2025 driven by increasing use of hyphenated technology and growing demand for portable instruments. (marketersmedia.com)
  • Furthermore, the demand for compact instruments is increasing in the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer market with the advent of benchtop NMR spectrometers. (marketersmedia.com)
  • Even though one of the later analytical techniques to be miniaturized, this is also the case in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. (marketersmedia.com)
  • Based on end user, the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer market is segmented into biotechnology & pharmaceutical industries, chemical & petrochemical industries, food & agriculture industries and academics. (marketersmedia.com)
  • With the Biotechnology & pharmaceutical industries rapidly changing and producing exciting breakthroughs they hold majority of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer market share. (marketersmedia.com)
  • Region wise Asia Pacific, with the fastest growing healthcare industry will account for the largest market share in nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer in the forecast period. (marketersmedia.com)
  • Market players in the forefront include Bruker Corporation, Nanalysis, JEOL Ltd. and Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. The competitive landscape is moderate to low in the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer market due to the dominance of well-established players and prevalent brand loyalties. (marketersmedia.com)
  • Alterations in brain metabolism were analyzed using 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to evaluate changes in metabolite pools and 13C-enriched substrates. (edu.au)
  • In vivo hepatic phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides non-invasive information about phospholipid metabolism. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Therefore MR spectroscopy is applicable to study normal and pathological metabolism inside the human body. (uu.nl)
  • Phosphorus ( 31 P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is known to be a powerful tool in the assessment of cell energy metabolism [ 1 - 3 ]. (frontiersin.org)
  • The magnetic resonance methodology team is developing original methods to non-invasively assess cellular metabolism and structure, in particular in animal models developed within the research unit UMR 9199, using the 7 T and 11.7 T MRI machines in MIRCen. (cea.fr)
  • However, few studies have investigated nutrient acquisition and metabolism of S. aureus in vivo during infection, which is an important aspect of S. aureus pathophysiology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cardiac magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive in vivo technique that can be used to measure high-energy phosphate metabolism in heart without harmful radiation or radio-isotopes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The effect of ω3 fatty acids on the metabolism of the normal liver was studied using 31P NMR spectroscopy. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • The metabolites with differential abundance included those from glycerophospholipid, bile acid and acylcarnitine metabolism. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, the resonances of glutamate and glutamine show significant overlap, and are difficult to detect individually. (uu.nl)
  • Reliable methodologies are needed to probe the glutamate system and understand glutamate dynamics in vivo. (figshare.com)
  • Single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to investigate creatine (Cre), total choline (t-Cho), glutamate + glutamine (Glx), N-acetylaspartate, and myo-inositol. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity (Ki cer ) and anterior cingulate glutamate were measured using 18F-DOPA positron emission tomography and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy respectively, before and after at least 5 weeks' naturalistic antipsychotic treatment in people with first episode psychosis ( n = 18) and matched healthy controls ( n = 20). (nature.com)
  • Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity (Ki cer ) can be measured in-vivo using positron emission tomography, and cortical glutamate can be measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Effects on separate components of the dopamine and glutamate systems have been examined in few in-vivo studies [ 16 ] but not together in the same population. (nature.com)
  • Single Voxel Spectroscopy (SVS): has a minimum spatial resolution of approximately 1 cm3, and has the cleanest spectrum free from unwanted artifacts due to the small acquired volume leading to easy shim and less unwanted signals from outside the voxel. (wikipedia.org)
  • This was verified by phantom measurements, where an SNR increase of 46% could be observed for localized 31 P spectroscopy in a voxel positioned comparable to an in vivo cardiac measurement scenario. (frontiersin.org)
  • Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) enables the noninvasive in vivo detection of multiple small-molecule metabolites and is therefore in principle a promising means of gathering information sufficient for multiple sclerosis diagnosis and subtype classification. (lu.se)
  • Proton MR spectroscopy provides possibility of noninvasive chemical analysis of the brain in vivo as well as it allows estimation of relative changes in brain metabolites, including N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds, and total creatine [6]. (fortunepublish.com)
  • The aim of this study is to develop a predictive model using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), a noninvasive technique that evaluates brain chemistry in vivo, for monitoring the clinical outcome of carriers of a fully penetrant mutation that causes AD. (nih.gov)
  • Brain metabolites measured by 1H-MRS in the posterior cingulate gyrus and precuneus are optimally sensitive and specific potential noninvasive biomarkers of subclinical emergence of AD caused by the PSEN1 p.Glu280Ala (E280 A) mutation. (nih.gov)
  • and phosphorus-31 ( 31 P) spectroscopy to measure the ATP synthesis rate by oxidative phosphorylation (V ATP ). (cea.fr)
  • Is MR spectroscopy of the heart ready for humans? (ox.ac.uk)
  • It is more sensitive than magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detection of changes related to decreased oxygen supply through the measurement of the metabolic changes that may occur before the morphologic changes. (fortunepublish.com)
  • Moreover, genetic and simple obesity share similar structural and functional features of dysbiosis, such as higher production of toxins with known potential to induce metabolic deteriorations (e.g. trimethylamine-N-oxide and indoxyl sulphate), higher abundance of genomes containing genes coding enzymes involved in the production of these toxic co-metabolites and higher abundance of pathways for biosynthesis of bacterial antigens (such as endotoxin) [13-15]. (deepdyve.com)
  • The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo expression of virulence and metabolic genes of S. aureus in a prosthetic joint infection in a human subject with growth in vitro as reference using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). (biomedcentral.com)
  • These results were further confirmed by the assessment of in vivo metabolic data obtained by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positron emission tomography. (edu.au)
  • Distinct longitudinal patterns of metabolite abundance indicated a greater metabolic variability in PTLDS vs non-PTLDS patients. (cdc.gov)
  • Metabolic pathway analysis and chemical identification of metabolites with LC-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) demonstrated alterations of eicosanoid, bile acid, sphingolipid, glycerophospholipid, and acylcarnitine metabolic pathways during early Lyme disease. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, there is currently no ligand available for non-invasive imaging of latent HIV in the human brain, which would be valuable for treatment of HIV/AIDS, or for detection of metabolites and signaling molecules associated with multiple glial cell types, which could shed light on the involvement of glial cell activity in substance use disorders (SUD). (nih.gov)
  • Applications in clinical medicine can benefit from fusion of spectroscopy data with anatomical imagery. (karger.com)
  • We sought to develop a clinical workflow and uniquely capable custom software tool to integrate advanced 3-tesla 3D proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ( 1 H-MRSI) into industry standard image-guided neuronavigation systems, especially for use in brain tumor surgery. (karger.com)
  • MR spectroscopy (MRS) has gained an important place in fundamental research as well as in clinical research. (uu.nl)
  • Dr. Yurgelun-Todd is an expert in the application of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, the administration and analysis of neurocognitive tests, and the integration of the results obtained by using multiple imaging modalities combined with clinical assessment. (va.gov)
  • MRS has been applied in both research and clinical studies to assess liver fat noninvasively in vivo. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • A total of 24 metabolites were identified and quantified in all SP-samples. (uab.cat)
  • Considering these results, the assessment of selected SP-metabolites in ejaculates through NMR spectroscopy could be considered as a promising non-invasive tool to predict in vivo fertility outcomes in pigs. (uab.cat)
  • Assessment of brain metabolite correlates of adeno-associated virus-mediated over-expression of human alpha-synuclein in cortical neurons by in vivo (1) H-MR spectroscopy at 9.4 T. (lu.se)
  • This is the first study simultaneously evaluating changes in brain tissue fluid, metabolites, volume, and cortical thickness. (ajnr.org)
  • Moreover, drug challenge studies have demonstrated targeting one system may have reciprocal effects, for example, acute ketamine increasing cortical, striatal and nucleus accumbens dopamine in-vivo [ 15 ]. (nature.com)
  • abstract = "The neurochemical profile of the striatum of R6/2 Huntington's disease mice was examined at different stages of pathogenesis using in vivo1H NMR spectroscopy at 9.4 T. Between 8 and 12 weeks, R6/2 mice exhibited distinct changes in a set of 17 quantifiable metabolites compared with littermate controls. (umn.edu)
  • Abstract Quantitative spinal cord (SC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presents many challenges, including a lack of standardized imaging protocols. (marbilab.it)
  • A list of the metabolites with highest concentration (total choline, Alanine, lactate, intramyocellular lipids, N-acetyl aspartate, Glucose) was used together with water content, sum of a macromolecular resonances, sum of all other metabolites and age of volunteers/patients into an Principal Component Analysis (PCA). (sogr.ro)
  • Suppressing the water signal: because water molecules contain hydrogen, and the relative concentration of water to metabolite is about 10,000:1, the water signal is often suppressed or the metabolite peaks will not be discernible in the spectra. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vivo MR spectroscopy provides a unique window to measure the concentration of chemical compounds (metabolites) inside the human body without the need for a chirurgical intervention or puncture. (uu.nl)
  • The low gyromagnetic ratio and in vivo concentration of 31 P results in a low intrinsic signal to noise ratio (SNR) ( 31 P-MRS has 100,000 × lower SNR than 1 H MRI [ 12 ]), which leads to low spatial and temporal resolution. (frontiersin.org)
  • Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the putative relationship between the presence/concentration of SP-metabolites and in vivo fertility outcomes. (uab.cat)
  • Longitudinal monitoring of changes in these metabolites may provide quantifiable measures of disease progression and treatment effects in both mouse models of HD and patients. (umn.edu)
  • Additionally, longitudinal in vivo structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) at postnatal day 30 (PND30) and PND70, conducted in a separate cohort of animals, revealed sex-specific differences in total and regional brain volume. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • We assessed the mo(vbr) (mottled viable brindled) mouse for its value in studying (1) energetics of a mitochondrial disorder and (2) 31P-MRS changes associated with mitochondrial abnormalities in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, NMR studies profiling SP metabolome to uncover in vivo fertility biomarkers are yet to be carried out in pigs. (uab.cat)
  • Existing technology, such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), and Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), are currently optimal only for a limited range of molecules. (nih.gov)
  • Is the Subject Area "Magnetic resonance imaging" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
  • In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a specialized technique associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (wikipedia.org)
  • Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is an analytical technique that can be used to complement the more common magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the characterization of tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI): a 2-dimensional (or 3-dimensional) MRS technique which uses two/three phase-encoding directions to create a two/three-dimensional map of spectra. (wikipedia.org)
  • In terms of advantages, STEAM is best for imaging metabolites with shorter T2 and has lower SAR, while PRESS has higher SNR than STEAM. (wikipedia.org)
  • the further development and commercialization of in vivo imaging technologies, 2. (nih.gov)
  • The signal in MRS is obtained in the same way as MR imaging, that is, a radiofrequency (RF) at specific resonance is applied to nuclei (e.g., 1 H, 13 C, 31 P, etc.) in a static magnetic field to generate a signal [ 10 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Axial, T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showing large left suprarenal mass of high signal intensity on a T2-weighted image. (medscape.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: These data provide evidence that an objective metabolite-based measurement can distinguish patients with PTLDS and help understand the underlying biochemistry of PTLDS. (cdc.gov)
  • Also the specificity of MR spectroscopy is often a limiting factor, as the spectral resolution is not much higher than the difference in chemical dispersion between some resonances. (uu.nl)
  • However, higher MR field strengths, which provide greater signal and spectral resolution, may allow spectroscopy to become more widespread. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Notably, we have shown that it was possible to differentiate neuronal from astrocytic structure, by studying diffusion of metabolites predominantly in neurons or in astrocytes ( Figure 5 ). (cea.fr)
  • We are now investigating the possibility to use diffusion-weighted spectroscopy to assess cerebral lactate distribution between the different compartments (neurons, astrocytes, extracellular space…), which is related to the lactate shuttle. (cea.fr)
  • By looking at metabolites mostly in astrocytes (e.g. myo-inositol) or in neurons (e.g. (cea.fr)
  • A flexible 31 P/ 1 H RF coil array with improved SNR is presented, enabling localized in vivo cardiac 31 P spectroscopy at 7 T. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cardiac (31)P MR spectroscopy has shown most promise for the prognosis and treatment of heart failure, but has also been used as a powerful research tool for uncovering energy deficits in cardiomyopathies, ischaemic heart disease and valvular heart disease. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Specifically, 3D MRSI-based overlays provide comprehensive, quantitative visual cues and location information during neurosurgery, enabling a progressive new form of online spectroscopy-guided neuronavigation. (karger.com)
  • This is based on recently developed technologies that allow the quantitative investigation of a multitude of different metabolites. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brain metabolite composition during early human brain development as measured by quantitative in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. (unibe.ch)
  • Osprey is an all-in-one software suite for state-of-the art processing and quantitative analysis of in-vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data. (nitrc.org)
  • Following treatment, an increased influx of (13)C6-glucose was observed into the tumors, concomitant to increased lactate levels and a reduction of metabolites associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle. (edu.au)
  • Perfusion fixed brains from shiverer mutant (C3Fe.SWV Mbp^(shi)/Mbp^(shi)n = 6) and background control (C3HeB.FeJ, n = 6) mice were compared using contrast enhanced volumetric diffusion tensor magnetic resonance microscopy with a nominal isotropic spatial resolution of 80 mum. (caltech.edu)
  • The neurochemical profile of the striatum of R6/2 Huntington's disease mice was examined at different stages of pathogenesis using in vivo 1 H NMR spectroscopy at 9.4 T. Between 8 and 12 weeks, R6/2 mice exhibited distinct changes in a set of 17 quantifiable metabolites compared with littermate controls. (umn.edu)
  • A 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and biochemical study of the mo(vbr) mouse: potential model for the mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) provides new biochemical information on mitochondrial disorders affecting brain and muscle. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In 1972, Dr. Piette was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship and spent a year in Paris and Grenoble developing novel biochemical applications of magnetic resonance spectroscopy. (rockychem.com)
  • A continuing impediment to the understanding and diagnosis of brain disorders is our limited ability to non-invasively visualize viruses, proteins, metabolites, and other molecules in the brain in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • Small numbers of metabolites (6-40) could be used to define PTLDS vs. non-PTLDS patients at defined time points, and the findings were validated in a second cohort of PTLDS and non-PTLDS patients. (cdc.gov)
  • 3. I. Yamazaki, H. S. Mason and L. H. Piette: Identification of Intermediate Substrate Free-Radicals Formed During Peroxidatic Oxidations by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. (rockychem.com)
  • Our aim was to evaluate osmoadaptive responses of the healthy human brain to osmotic challenges of de- and rehydration by serial measurements of brain volume, tissue fluid, and metabolites. (ajnr.org)
  • We found that for this lot of patients and volunteers the third analysis (PC2 versus PC3) is the best in differentiation between healthy women and those with endometrial cancer, and we evaluate the contribution of each metabolite. (sogr.ro)
  • These data were corrected to isolate the direct boar effect on each in vivo fertility parameter using a multivariate statistical model. (uab.cat)
  • In addition, the chemical shift separation between resonances is increased, leading to a more reliable discrimination between metabolites in the MR spectrum. (uu.nl)
  • In particular, our group has explored the diffusion of brain metabolites over unprecedented time scales, making it possible to better characterize metabolite compartmentation and the parameters governing metabolite motion. (cea.fr)
  • The model parameters provide useful information about metabolites, i.e., about the chemical content of the sample or tissue under study. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Initially, prior knowledge has been included in the form of simple relationships between parameters of the exponential model (for instance, linear relations between the parameters of individual exponential components, when it is known that these components originate from the same metabolite). (eurekaselect.com)
  • For example, new 3-dimensional (3D) spectroscopy techniques allow for improved correlation of metabolite profiles with specific regions of interest in anatomical tumor images, which can be useful in characterizing and treating heterogeneous tumors that appear structurally homogeneous. (karger.com)
  • these metabolite profiles are quantum-mechanically simulated or in vitro measured MRS signals. (eurekaselect.com)
  • six patients with biliary duct strictures) were studied with in vivo 31P MRS. Peak area ratios of phosphomonoesters (PME) and phosphodiesters (PDE), relative to nucleotide triphosphates (NTP) were measured. (westminster.ac.uk)
  • We are also looking at the possibility of evaluating the organization of the intracellular medium in an indirect way, by measuring via original diffusion-weighted spectroscopy techniques how this organization constrains the displacement of metabolites. (cea.fr)
  • Figure 5: The study of the temporal dependency of metabolite diffusion coefficient at ultra-long diffusion times allows characterizing long-range cellular structure. (cea.fr)
  • Serial T1-weighted and 1 H-MR spectroscopy data were acquired in 15 healthy individuals at normohydration, on 12 hours of dehydration, and during 1 hour of oral rehydration. (ajnr.org)
  • Simultaneously, in vivo 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) data were collected to examine brain metabolite levels in the medial prefrontal cortex. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is one of the practical biomedical applications where exponential data fitting is an essential tool. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Assuming an acute infection [ 7 ], we chose to compare gene expression of the in vivo sample with the isolate in an exponential growth phase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Metabolomics - in analogy to the terms transcriptomics and proteomics - is defined as the study of all metabolites in a cell, tissue or organism for a comprehensive understanding of a biological process [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study shows the feasibility of an MR method (verified by a 'gold standard') for studying the effects of drug treatment on intra- and extracellular spaces and pH in solid tumours in vivo. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Upregulation of fermentation genes and the presence of ethanol in joint fluid indicated severe oxygen limitation in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)