GluconeogenesisLiverGlucoseLactatesPhosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP)PyruvatesGlucose-6-PhosphataseGlucagonEnergy MetabolismLipid MetabolismDihydroxyacetonePyruvic AcidLactic AcidGlycogenolysisKetone BodiesGlycolysisGlycerolBlood GlucoseLiver GlycogenPyruvate KinaseCitric Acid CycleStarvationDeuterium OxideTriosesFructose-BisphosphatasePyruvate CarboxylaseOxaloacetatesFastingInsulinGlycogenMethenamineAcetoacetatesAlaninePicolinic AcidsHydroxybutyratesCarbon IsotopesHepatocytesMalatesAminooxyacetic AcidPhosphoenolpyruvateRats, Inbred StrainsPerfusionQuinolinic Acids3-Hydroxybutyric AcidFatty Acids, NonesterifiedOxidation-ReductionCarbon RadioisotopesKineticsMetabolismPropionatesFatty AcidsGlutamineOxygen ConsumptionMetabolic Networks and PathwaysDeuteriumCarbonTransaldolaseCarbon DioxideFructoseHypoglycinsAcetatesFructosediphosphatesModels, BiologicalMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyRadioisotope Dilution TechniqueAdenine NucleotidesKetoglutaric AcidsMitochondria, LiverGlucokinasePhosphofructokinase-1AmmoniaCarbohydrate MetabolismGlucose-6-PhosphateOleic AcidsHyperglycemiaGlutamatesInsulin ResistanceHomeostasisGlyceraldehyde 3-PhosphateEpinephrineRats, Sprague-DawleyUreaRadioactive TracersTime FactorsCaprylatesAdenosine TriphosphateRats, WistarHypoglycemiaGlyoxylatesHypoglycemic AgentsNADMetforminCitratesBiotransformationCells, CulturedFood DeprivationPentose Phosphate PathwayHep G2 CellsGas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry