Membrane 1999 transcription factors apoptosis regulatory proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

New anticancer therapy strategies refer to the inhibition of CDK-cyclin complexes as an important target to prevent uncontrolled proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
CD47 is involved in a range of cellular processes, including apoptosis , proliferation , adhesion , and migration . (wikidoc.org)
[8] Binding of TSP-1 to CD47 influences several fundamental cellular functions including cell migration and adhesion, cell proliferation or apoptosis, and plays a role in the regulation of angiogenesis and inflammation. (wikidoc.org)
Activation of CD47 with TSP-1 in wild-type cells inhibits proliferation and reduces expression of stem cell transcription factors. (wikidoc.org)
During hypoxia, an intricate balance exists between factors that induce or counteract apoptosis, or even stimulate proliferation. (bmj.com)
Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
At the same time, arsenide trioxide and 5-azacitidine are associated with the inhibition of cellular proliferation of acute leukemia cells and also promote the elevated expression of TGF- β signaling pathway-linked proteins, including TGF- β , Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4. (hindawi.com)
Excessive apoptosis causes hypotrophy , such as in ischemic damage, whereas an insufficient amount results in uncontrolled cell proliferation, such as cancer . (wikidoc.org)
In fact, increased mitochondrial ROS production causes endothelial dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs and macrophages, with ensuing ATS lesion progression and possible plaque rupture [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The TGF-β family forms an important group of growth factors, consisting of three isoforms in man, and is important for matrix deposition because it modulates fibroblast recruitment and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Most of these paracrine secretions include soluble factors and exosomes, which regulate the repair and regeneration processes at sites of damage by affecting cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation [ 22 , 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
Some lncRNAs affect the growth and development of breast cancer by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, and others are involved in invasion and metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer [ 6 ]. (jcancer.org)
ERCC2 is the plant around the proliferation in gap with the Phenylacetate IFT of ERCC3, encoding an many transcription( Coin et al. (evakoch.com)
More importantly, the cellular factors affected by the HBV also modulate various biological processes, including innate immune response, cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion, and play vital roles in the development of liver diseases [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Their regulation may be carried out either through direct binding to DNA as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or via modulation in an indirect manner of signaling pathway molecules (e.g., protein kinase C) and other transcription factors (nuclear factor kappa B and sterol regulatory element binding protein). (springer.com)
Mechanistically, the CCL20/CCR6 signaling pathway upregulates HIF-1α by stimulating nuclear factor kappa B-driven transactivation of the HIF1A gene. (cancerindex.org)
The metabolic abnormalities of type 2 diabetes, including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, activate the Janus kinases/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, a major intracellular inflammatory cascade that transmits the intracellular signaling to the nucleus ( 2 ), promoting inflammatory response, inducing insulin resistance ( 3 ), and accelerating the development of cardiovascular complications ( 4 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

Fatty acids specifically related to the anisotropic properties of plasma membrane from rat urothelium. (springer.com)

Recent evidence suggests that plakoglobin may suppress tumorigenesis and metastasis by multiple mechanisms, including the suppression of oncogenic signaling, interactions with various proteins involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis, and the regulation of the expression of genes involved in these processes. (oncotarget.com)
1. DamaniaB (2004) Oncogenic gamma-herpesviruses: comparison of viral proteins involved in tumorigenesis. (prelekara.sk)

Various physiological and pathological conditions such as glucose starvation, inhibition of protein glycosylation and oxidative stress may cause an accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to the unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy. (spandidos-publications.com)
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential organelle responsible for protein synthesis, folding, post-translational modification of proteins and protein trafficking in eukaryotes ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
They have been defined as monotropic integral membrane proteins located primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum (COX-1) and the perinuclear envelope (COX-2). (medscape.com)

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2) also known as sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SREBF2 gene. (wikipedia.org)

This gene encodes a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that controls cholesterol homeostasis by stimulating transcription of sterol-regulated genes. (wikipedia.org)
As opposed to other styles of muscles dystrophy, where mutations take place in genes encoding structural protein, calpainopathy was the initial reported kind of dystrophy predetermined by mutations within a gene encoding a proteolytic enzyme. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Our data show that the stable knockdown of HIPK2 led to wtp53 misfolding, as detected by p53 immunoprecipitation with conformation-specific antibodies, and that p53 protein misfolding impaired p53 DNA binding and transcription of target genes. (aacrjournals.org)
We present evidence that zinc supplementation to HIPK2i cells increased p53 reactivity to conformation-sensitive PAb1620 (wild-type conformation) antibody and restored p53 sequence-specific DNA binding in vivo and transcription of target genes in response to Adriamycin treatment. (aacrjournals.org)
Using the protein-protein interaction analysis we observed strong interactions between the proteins produced by genes that are associated with cervical cancer. (jcancer.org)
To date, it is well known that lncRNAs participate in chromatin modifications and transcriptional and translational regulation of protein-encoding genes or regulate protein function and activity through specific binding [ 3 - 5 ]. (jcancer.org)
Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. (lookformedical.com)
Genes that encode highly conserved TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS that control positional identity of cells (BODY PATTERNING) and MORPHOGENESIS throughout development. (lookformedical.com)
The proteins encoded by homeobox genes are called HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS. (lookformedical.com)

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), are members of the serine-threonine protein kinase family and are responsible for taking control of cell cycle regulation in eukaryotic cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Understanding the regulation of apoptosis during hypoxia and the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis might lead to more specific treatments for solid tumours. (bmj.com)
Lipid bilayer regulation of membrane protein function: gramicidin channels as molecular force probes. (springer.com)
Further studies confirmed that p75NTR participates in the regulation of tooth development maybe by changing the activity of the key factor distal-less homeobox/msh homeobox (Dlx/Msx), and melanoma-associated antigen D1 (Mage-D1) seems to be play a role in the differentiation and mineralization of EMSCs 5 , 6 . (researchsquare.com)
Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL). (lookformedical.com)

Some of the new approaches depend on tumor biology and aim specifically to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by targeting the tumor microenvironment or vasculature (leaving normal cells unaffected) or focusing on specific protein or signal transduction pathways. (medscape.com)

Lacking proteosomal function on aggregates of unfolded proteins, ER stress may induce autophagic machinery. (spandidos-publications.com)
Bak BH3 peptides antagonize Bcl-xL function and induce apoptosis through cytochrome c-independent activation of caspases. (lookformedical.com)

Purvalanol induced mitochondrial membrane potential loss, caspase-7 and caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage following a 48 h treatment. (spandidos-publications.com)
Countering NADH production, calcium action on the mitochondrial permeability transition pores increases inner membrane permeability thereby reducing proton potential, causing the matrix to swell and ultimately releasing cytochrome c (an initiator of apoptosis). (benbest.com)
Disturbances in mitochondrial dynamics may influence many cellular and molecular pathways, as calcium-dependent immune activation, transcription factors phosphorylation, cytokine secretion, organelle transference and even cell death. (frontiersin.org)
Mitochondria are both sources and targets of reactive oxygen species, and there is growing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction may be a relevant intermediate mechanism by which cardiovascular risk factors lead to the formation of vascular lesions. (biomedcentral.com)
Several cardiovascular risk factors are demonstrated causes of mitochondrial damage. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, other risk factors, such as aging, hyperhomocysteinemia and cigarette smoking, are also associated with mitochondrial damage and an increased production of free radicals. (biomedcentral.com)
Common cardiovascular risk factors could be involved in this process by adversely affecting the function of endothelial mitochondria, and growing evidence supports the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction may be the most important unifying mechanism explaining the atherogenic action of major cardiovascular risk factors [ 17 - 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This review will discuss the molecular mechanisms by which atherosclerotic risk factors could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent vascular impairment. (biomedcentral.com)

Postsynaptic membranes contain several types of glutamate receptors, notably NMDA & AMPA receptors, which allow calcium ion entry. (benbest.com)
This gene encodes a member of the beta chemokine receptor family, which is predicted to be a seven transmembrane protein similar to G protein-coupled receptors. (cancerindex.org)
Both CB 1 and CB 2 receptors, which share a low level (44%) of sequence homology [6], are G protein-coupled receptors that mainly signal via G i /G o proteins, even though they may also activate G s , G q/11 , and G protein-independent signaling pathways [ 7 ]. (degruyter.com)

We discuss here the contribution of glycan-lectin interactions to the initiation, execution and resolution of apoptosis and their emerging roles in other cell death programs including autophagy. (nature.com)
CD47 ligation leads to cell death in many normal and tumor cell lines via apoptosis or autophagy . (wikidoc.org)
There was also an upregulation in expression of positive regulators and key components of the AMPK pathway, autophagy, proteasome function, and the unfolded protein response. (nature.com)

In the poster section, Joanna Shisler (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [UIUC], Urbana) reported that the modified virus, Ankara, activates nuclear factor κB through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, possibly facilitating the host immune response. (cdc.gov)
Mechanistically, we found that AMPK activation increased, whereas AMPK inhibition decreased, the levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), an inducible nuclear phosphatase, by regulating proteasome-dependent degradation of MKP-1. (diabetesjournals.org)
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism. (lookformedical.com)
In the poster section, Joanna Shisler (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [UIUC], Urbana) reported that the modified virus, Ankara, activates nuclear factor κB through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal–regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, possibly facilitating the host immune response. (cdc.gov)

Glycans, either alone or complexed with glycan-binding proteins, can deliver intracellular signals or control extracellular processes that promote initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs. (nature.com)
CD47 is a 50 kDa membrane receptor that has extracellular N-terminal IgV domain , five transmembrane domains , and a short C-terminal intracellular tail. (wikidoc.org)
The apoptosis inducing function of CD47 appears to be dependent on activation of specific epitopes on the extracellular domain. (wikidoc.org)
The roles of b-catenin are 'classically' defined: as an adhesion protein and as a signaling protein, transducing extracellular signals to the nucleus to modify gene expression. (chemdiv.com)

Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode the same protein have been described for this gene. (cancerindex.org)
Only 1.5% of nucleic acids in human genome are used for protein encoding, but other 98.5% of the genome does not encode proteins. (jcancer.org)
The 2.4 and 2.1 kb envelope mRNAs encode LS, MS, and S proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

Activated and released IRE1α acts as an RNase to initiate transcription of XBP1 mRNA and it becomes a transcriptional activator for unfolded protein response (UPR) gene targets, such as BiP and calreticulin ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Secondly, we employed qRT-PCR and Western blotting to detect the mRNA and protein levels of GRHL2 in leukemia cell lines. (hindawi.com)
Then we investigated the demethylating effect of arsenic trioxide and 5-azacitidine on the mRNA and protein expression levels of GRHL2 in cell lines of acute leukemia. (hindawi.com)
The methylation level of the GRHL2 promoter region in acute leukemia patients and cell lines was significantly higher than the normal control group, and we found the elevated mRNA and protein levels of GRHL2 in acute leukemia cell lines after the use of the demethylation drug arsenic trioxide and 5-azacitidine. (hindawi.com)
Among the viral transcripts, preC mRNA encodes precore protein. (biomedcentral.com)
The transcription of COX-1 yields a 2.7-kilobase (kb) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that encodes a 576-residue, 65-kd protein. (medscape.com)
Conversely, the transcription of COX-2 yields a 4.5-kb mRNA that encodes a 70-kd protein with roughly 70-75% homology to the COX-1 protein. (medscape.com)

How plakoglobin acts as a growth/metastasis inhibitory protein has remained, until recently, unclear. (oncotarget.com)

7 Severe hypoxia in the presence of energy stimulates cells to undergo apoptosis, whereas oxygen levels above 0.5% prevent cell death. (bmj.com)
Hypoxia stimulates cancer cells to acquire a more malignant phenotype via activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). (cancerindex.org)
Normally, activation of the CB 1 receptor regulates renal vascular hemodynamics and stimulates the transport of ions and proteins in different nephron compartments. (degruyter.com)
This growth factor also stimulates production of collagens, proteoglycans, elastin, fibronectin, tenascin and thrombospondin, diminishes production of extracellularly active neutral endoproteinases belonging to the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and serine proteinase families, and stimulates production of endogenous MMP inhibitors (tissue inhibitor of metallo-proteinase [TIMP]) and serpins (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). (biomedcentral.com)

Voltage-gated ion channels and ion-exchangers in the cell membrane also regulate ion concentrations. (benbest.com)
By transporting "cargos" such as proteins, RNAs, DNAs, and lipids [ 26 ], exosomes regulate the eventual fate of recipient cells. (hindawi.com)
During HBV infection, a variety of cellular factors are recruited by the virus to regulate multiple steps in the HBV replication cycle [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

This library represents a selection of drug-like compounds aimed at modulating protein-protein interaction (PPI) of β-catenin with different proteins involved in significant physiological processes. (chemdiv.com)
This download is the types and cells led from a human assembly target content soccer methylated alongside the set of two interaction localizing enzyme proteins in New Zealand. (evakoch.com)

inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α), PRKR-like ER kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor-6 (ATF-6). (spandidos-publications.com)
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2) is a positive regulator of p53 oncosuppressor function. (aacrjournals.org)
Here, employing an inducible B cell expression system, we have determined that M2 activates the NFAT pathway in a Src kinase-dependent manner - leading to induction of the plasma cell-associated transcription factor, Interferon Regulatory Factor-4 (IRF4). (prelekara.sk)

Most of the metabolic energy of neurons is expended on maintaining ion gradients across the cell membrane. (benbest.com)

Although purvalanol-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death were demonstrated in prostate ( 5 ), breast ( 6 ) and colon cancer cells ( 7 ), the exact molecular mechanism of purvanol-induced apoptosis has not been elucidated yet. (spandidos-publications.com)
The Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3) domain is crucial for the death-inducing and dimerization properties of pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 protein family, including Bak, Bax, and Bad. (lookformedical.com)

This family, which includes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), plays a pivotal role in normal cell growth, lineage determination, repair, and functional differentiation. (medscape.com)
CD47 interacts with signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα), an inhibitory transmembrane receptor present on myeloid cells . (wikidoc.org)
The ligand of this receptor is macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha (MIP-3 alpha). (cancerindex.org)
Both AEA and 2-AG are generated "on demand" from membrane phospholipid precursors in response to elevated intracellular calcium or metabotropic receptor activation [ 20 ]. (degruyter.com)
ELAC1 has been in the use and may as define as an RNase Z. In pyrophosphates subfamilies are transcribed from coupling tubules in the function by a two receptor chromatin that appears ultraviolet from protein threatening( reviewed in Popow et al. (evakoch.com)

Antennapedia homeodomain protein is a homeobox protein involved in limb patterning in ARTHROPODS. (lookformedical.com)

When there is an overproduction of ROS/RNS or a deficiency of enzymatic or non-enzymatic antioxidants, a biological damage to cellular lipids (lipoperoxidation), proteins, glucides and DNA may occur. (biomedcentral.com)

High levels of intracellular calcium ion activate proteolytic enzymes (known as calpains) that break down many cell proteins, particularly those in the cytoskeleton of neurons (spectrin, neurofilament and microtubule-associated protein). (benbest.com)

CD47 ( C luster of D ifferentiation 47) also known as integrin associated protein (IAP) is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the CD47 gene . (wikidoc.org)
Knowledge of the mechanisms by which fatty acids control specific gene expression may identify important risk factors for cancer and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies for a better management of whole body lipid metabolism. (springer.com)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
This gene belongs to the forkhead family of transcription factors which is characterized by a distinct DNA-binding forkhead domain. (cancerindex.org)
Methylated DNA can prevent transcription factors from binding to it, resulting in low or no gene expression, which is an important alteration in the early initiation and development of malignant neoplastic diseases [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
The protein encoded by this gene represents the beta subunit and is a type I membrane protein. (cancer-genetics.org)
Mutations in the gene for the antennapedia homeodomain protein are associated with the conversion of antenna to leg or leg to antenna DROSOPHILA. (lookformedical.com)

The aim of this study was to test for the molecular and functional expression of the non-gastric H + /K + ATPase ATP12A/ATP1AL1 in unstimulated and butyrate-stimulated (1 and 10 mM) human myelomonocytic HL-60 cells, to unravel its potential role as putative apoptosis-counteracting ion transporter as well as to test for the effect of the H + /K + ATPase inhibitor SCH28080 in apoptosis. (karger.com)
The molecular weight of proteins were 102, 88 and 80 kDa, so they were named α, β and γ-catenin. (chemdiv.com)
Our research aims to investigate how histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1)/miR-182-5p/vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 (VAV3)/AKT axis participates in AS in terms of molecular mechanism. (bvsalud.org)

The activation of CD47 induces rapid apoptosis of T cells. (wikidoc.org)
The power of the thiol proteinases to cleave a multitude of substrates in response to calcium mineral activation allows their involvement in a variety of cell processes offering cell motility, sign transduction, apoptosis, cell differentiation and legislation of the cytoskeleton (3). (exposed-skin-care.net)
In cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells, pharmacologic or genetic activation of AMPK inhibited the signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1), while inhibition of AMPK had opposite effects. (diabetesjournals.org)

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides that function as regulatory factors in many human diseases, including cancer. (jcancer.org)
After translation of viral RNAs into HBV proteins occurs in the host cytoplasm, viral pgRNA is encapsulated into core particles. (biomedcentral.com)

The key regulator of this process, hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), can initiate apoptosis by inducing high concentrations of proapoptotic proteins, such as BNIP3, and can cause stabilisation of p53. (bmj.com)
Here, we show that amyloid fibrils of Aβ1-40 peptide can effectively initiate amyloid formation in different globular proteins and metabolites, converti. (shengsci.com)

Even when released, they remain largely membrane associated due to their hydrophobic nature and can be taken up by cells via a high-affinity uptake mechanism [ 23 ], which is followed by their enzymatic degradation. (degruyter.com)

Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus. (lookformedical.com)

The autophagic pathway constitutively maintains cellular homeostasis by recycling cytoplasmic organelles and proteins, but it is also stimulated by environmental stress conditions, such as starvation, oxidative stress, and the accumulation of misfolded proteins. (mdpi.com)

Processes of disposal of cellular debris whose results do not damage the organism differentiate apoptosis from necrosis . (wikidoc.org)

An important role in atherogenesis is played by oxidative stress, which may be induced by common risk factors. (biomedcentral.com)

Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States. (bdbiosciences.com)
The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. (lookformedical.com)

Regardless of the etiology, a deficiency of cyclooxygenase (COX), a key regulatory enzyme in the synthetic pathway of eicosanoid production, results in beneficial and detrimental physiologic conditions relative to imbalances of the eicosanoids. (medscape.com)

Cleaves collagens of types VII and X. In case of HIV infection, interacts and cleaves the secreted viral Tat protein, leading to a decrease in neuronal Tat's mediated neurotoxicity. (idrblab.net)

β-Catenin is a fascinating protein with many important cellular and developmental functions. (chemdiv.com)
β -catenin has many binding partners that mediate a diverse set of cellular functions, and the protein probably acts as a 'hub' on which many cellular signaling networks impinge. (chemdiv.com)
Plakoglobin (also known as γ-catenin) is a member of the Armadillo family of proteins and a paralog of β-catenin. (oncotarget.com)
Cadherins are single-pass transmembrane glycoproteins that form homotypic interactions with cadherin proteins on neighboring cells and interact intracellularly with proteins of the catenin family [ 4 , 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)
At the adherens junction in epithelia, the C-terminal domain of E-cadherin interacts, in a mutually exclusive manner, with β-catenin or γ-catenin (plakoglobin), which then interacts with α-catenin, an actin-binding protein. (oncotarget.com)

On the one hand, the UPS acts as a host defense mechanism to selectively recognize HBV proteins as well as special cellular proteins that favor the viral life cycle and induces their ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation to limit HBV infection. (biomedcentral.com)
pgRNA translates viral HBc and Pol proteins, and also acts as a template for the replication of the HBV genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Since the HBV is a small DNA virus, and there is only limited genetic information in the viral genome, the virus heavily relies on cellular factors for viral replication. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, the HBV is capable of selectively and specifically altering the expression of intracellular factors, which are involved in the host immune response, to mediate persistent viral infection [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

CD47 interacts with several membrane integrins, most commonly integrin avb3. (wikidoc.org)

Some cytokines act as competence rather than progression factors, some lack secretory signals, and some must be processed and released from the pericellular matrix or basement membranes (eg transforming growth factor beta [TGF-β ] binding to chondroitin or the keratan sulfate of biglycan, decorin and fibromodulin, or basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet derived growth factor binding to the heparin sulfate of glypican, perlecan and syndecan). (biomedcentral.com)

Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the expression of GRHL2 is an independent risk factor in acute leukemia patients. (hindawi.com)
In contrast to necrosis , which is a form of traumatic cell death that results from acute cellular injury, apoptosis, in general, confers advantages during an organism's life cycle. (wikidoc.org)

This study confirms that alterations in the expression of exosomal miRNAs can promote osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs, which also provides the foundation for further research on the regulatory functions of exosomal miRNAs in the context of ADSC osteogenesis. (hindawi.com)
We have previously shown that the MHV68 M2 protein is important for virus reactivation from B cells and, when expressed alone in primary murine B cells, can drive B cell differentiation towards a pre-plasma cell phenotype. (prelekara.sk)

However, apoptosis was not observed following culture with other anti-CD47 antibodies. (wikidoc.org)

These two levels serve degraded by a phosphorylation including at least 6 membranes in a such tail that both leaves the 2' disorder ubiquitination and adducts the 3' heart to the 5' cell. (evakoch.com)

Cervical cancer has multiple complex etiologies and is caused by the combination of genetic risk factors and various external environmental exposures. (jcancer.org)
However, only ~1% of women finally develop cervical neoplasia with HPV infection [ 6 ] because of the strong heritable component and host genetic factors [ 7 ]. (jcancer.org)
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. (lookformedical.com)
Several other genetic backgrounds result in enlargement of the haltere significantly beyond the normal range of haploinsufficient phenotypes, suggesting genetic variation in cofactors that mediate homeotic protein function. (lookformedical.com)

Protein levels of HADC1, VAV3, AKT, p-AKT, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) were detected by western blot analysis. (bvsalud.org)

ER alerts a self-protective mechanism that is called ER stress during nutrient deprivation, pathogen infection, alterations in redox status, intraluminal Ca 2+ levels and folding defective protein conditions ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Recent studies have shown that Mage-D1 is closely related to tooth development, but its specific regulatory mechanism is unclear. (researchsquare.com)

Furthermore, the deleterious aftereffect of missense mutations can occur not merely from immediate disruption of CAPN3 function(s), but additionally from disruption from the protein's structural integrity, that could affect its intra or intermolecular protein lead and interactions to decreased stability or altered localization. (exposed-skin-care.net)

Several years later, Kerr and co-workers 2 defined the morphological changes in cells undergoing this process, also known as apoptosis. (nature.com)
Jurkat cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC ) incubated with the monoclonal antibody Ad22 results in apoptosis within 3 hours. (wikidoc.org)
Similarly, CD47 ligation rapidly induces apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. (wikidoc.org)
A hypoxic environment devoid of nutrients prevents the cell undergoing energy dependent apoptosis and cells become necrotic. (bmj.com)
Cells adapt to this environmental stress, so that after repeated periods of hypoxia, selection for resistance to hypoxia induced apoptosis occurs. (bmj.com)
Membrane proteins implicated in long-chain fatty acid uptake by mammalian cells: CD36, FATP and FABPm. (springer.com)
Murine Gammaherpesvirus M2 Protein Induction of IRF4 via the NFAT Pathway Leads to IL-10 Expression in B Cells. (prelekara.sk)
Cytokinesis in animal cells relies on a centralspindlin complex consisting of male germ cell RacGap (MgcRacGAP) and mitotic kinesin-like protein 1 (MKLP1). (shengsci.com)

Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)

Moreover, in the infected hepatocytes, certain cellular proteins that are dependent on the UPS are involved in abnormal biological processes which are mediated by HBV. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy24

Organisms9

Chemicals and Drugs118

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes72

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Proliferation14

Signaling pathway3

Plasma membrane1

Involved in tumorigenesis2

Endoplasmic reticulum3

Sterol regulat1

Genes9

Regulation5

Signal transduction1

Induce2

Mitochondrial8

Receptors3

Autophagy3

Nuclear4

Extracellular4

Encode3

MRNA7

Metastasis1

Stimulates4

Regulate3

Interaction2

Kinase3

Cell membrane1

Apoptotic2

Receptor5

Homeobox1

Lipids1

Intracellular calcium1

Gene8

Molecular3

Activation3

RNAs2

Initiate2

Hydrophobic1

Nucleic acids1

Cytoplasmic1

Organism1

Oxidative1

Serum2

Enzyme1

Cleaves1

Catenin5

Viral4

Interacts1

Fibroblast1

Acute2

Differentiation2

Antibodies1

Phosphorylation1

Genetic4

Adhesion1

Mechanism2

Interactions1

Cells8

Mutations1

Processes1