• VKH disease is considered to be a T-cell-mediated autoimmune response directed against melanocytes, although the exact antigens involved are incompletely understood. (medscape.com)
  • The possibility that VKH disease has an autoimmune pathogenesis is supported by the statistically significant frequency of HLA-DR4, an antigen commonly associated with other autoimmune diseases. (medscape.com)
  • VKH disease currently is considered to be a cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against melanocytes. (medscape.com)
  • Thus, the local immunological milieu in tissue compartments forms the nature and magnitude of the host responses, i.e., frequencies of regulatory T cells (Tregs) vs. T-helper 17 (Th17) cells, amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines vs. anti-inflammatory cytokines, extent of neutrophilia and antigen-presenting-cell (APC) activation, among others. (frontiersin.org)
  • These data demonstrate that the extent and duration of topical corticosteroid activity in human skin is influenced by vehicle, treatment duration, and time of day of application. (researchgate.net)
  • VKH is attributed, however, to aberrant T-cell-mediated immune response directed against self-antigens found on melanocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Several human leukocyte antigen (HLA) associations have been found in patients with VKH disease, including HLA-DR4, HLA-DR53, and HLA-DQ4. (medscape.com)
  • The influence of treatment duration, vehicle, and time of day of application on topical 0.05% betamethasone dipropionate uptake into human stratum corneum and the resulting skin-blanching response was investigated in human subjects. (researchgate.net)
  • For example, it has been associated with human leukocyte antigens (HLA) HLA-DR4 and DRB1/DQA1, copy-number variations of complement component 4, a variant IL-23R locus and with various other non-HLA genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • HLA-DRB1*0405 in particular appears to play an important susceptibility role. (wikipedia.org)
  • So, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 alleles to VKH patients and to clarify the molecular genetic mechanism underlying the susceptibility or resistance to VKH disease. (nih.gov)
  • Genomic DNA from a total of 30 patients with VKH and 29 control subjects was extracted from peripheral blood, and HLA-DRB1 alleles were typed by polymerase chain reaction and sequence based typing (SBT). (nih.gov)
  • Eleven out of thirty (36.6%) patients with VKH had positive HLA-DRB1 *0405 compared to two out of twenty-nine (6.9%) control subjects. (nih.gov)
  • Patients with VKH had significantly greater incidence of HLA-DRB1 *0405 when compared to age and sex-matched controls. (nih.gov)
  • Consequently, this finding suggests that HLA-DRB1 *0405 allele might play a role in the pathogenesis of VKH disease. (nih.gov)
  • Conclusion: Alleles of HLA-DRB1*04 might affect visual prognosis and be related to early response after initiation of treatment in VKH disease. (researchsquare.com)
  • HLA, and HLA-DRB1*04 in particular, therefore plays a key role in immune systemic function, as well as in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including VKH [5]. (researchsquare.com)
  • A Korean study found that the HLA DRB1*0405 allele conferred an increased relative risk of developing VKH compared with the general population, and that the HLA DRB1*0405-DQA1*0302-DQB1*0401 haplotype was associated with poorer visual prognosis [6]. (researchsquare.com)
  • TINU has been reported to have an association with human leukocyte antigen (HLA), and HLA alleles have been implicated as susceptibility risk factors [ 8 , 13 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A role of genetic factors such as HLA alleles in the development of VKH was first considered in 1976, and was supported by the simultaneous development of VKH in monozygotic twins [3]. (researchsquare.com)
  • In this report, we described clinical findings, long-term treatment outcomes, and the HLA haplotype in TINU cases. (hindawi.com)
  • The following information was collected from their medical records with special attention given to the gender, age, initial manifestations, ocular findings, laboratory findings, treatment, visual prognosis, follow-up and treatment periods, and HLA typing. (hindawi.com)
  • To investigate the clinical manifestations, prognosis, and HLA-type of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU) with long-term follow-up. (hindawi.com)
  • For predicting prognosis and refractoriness to treatment, the focus in recent years has transitioned from the identification of HLA genes associated with increased risk of VKH to the identification of alternate genes [9,10]. (researchsquare.com)
  • However, in Japan, HLA has traditionally been examined for uveitis, and accumulated data are available for our facilities. (researchsquare.com)